CN111122007A - Self calibration function's accurate temperature measuring device of distributed single mode raman - Google Patents
Self calibration function's accurate temperature measuring device of distributed single mode raman Download PDFInfo
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- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-calibration function distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device, wherein the output end of a pulse light source is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier A, the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier A is connected with the input end of a fiber grating filter, the output end of a scanning light source is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier B, and the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier B is connected with the input end of a C-band filter. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology and the point type optical fiber sensing technology are combined, so that long-distance monitoring of distributed optical fiber sensing can be realized, temperature calibration is carried out by using the point type optical fiber sensing technology, and the distributed single-mode Raman device can be ensured to accurately measure temperature for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature measuring device, in particular to a self-calibration distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device.
Background
The distributed optical fiber temperature sensing technology is to measure the temperature field distribution condition of continuous space along the optical fiber by using optical fiber. Although the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing technology can measure the temperature distribution of a long-distance optical fiber, the temperature measurement is not very accurate, and the temperature measurement has accumulated errors along with the accumulation of the measurement time. The point type temperature sensor can only test the temperature state in the area near one point, and is not suitable for monitoring the long-distance temperature distribution, but has high temperature measurement precision.
With the popularization of intelligent monitoring of infrastructure, submarine cables, communication optical cables, high-voltage cables and the like can utilize a single-core single-mode optical fiber to carry out temperature testing on cables so as to monitor the state of the cables in the operation process. The conventional distributed single-mode optical fiber temperature measuring device can have the problem that the temperature measuring accuracy can be reduced along with the accumulation of monitoring time. Especially at the tail end of the cable, the temperature changes more severely. Therefore, a distributed single-mode raman temperature measuring device capable of regularly calibrating temperature is needed to ensure that the equipment runs for a long time, accumulated errors do not exist in temperature monitoring, and false alarm does not occur.
The current distributed single-mode raman precise temperature measuring device is a Chinese patent with application number 201810077167.6, applied in 2018, 1, 26 and 8, namely 'a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device based on single-mode optical fiber raman scattering effect'. And a chinese patent application No. 201910144287.8, filed on 27/2/2019, entitled "distributed single-mode fiber ultra-long-distance raman temperature sensor". However, the existing distributed single-mode Raman temperature measuring device has no function of self-calibration of temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-calibration distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a self-calibration distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device is disclosed, wherein the output end of a pulse light source is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier A for amplifying pulse light, the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier A is connected with the input end of a fiber grating filter for filtering noise outside the bandwidth of the filter, the output end of a scanning light source is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier B for amplifying scanning light, the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier B is connected with the input end of a C-band filter for limiting the scanning light wavelength between 1520 and 1570nm, the output end of the C-band filter is connected with the input end of a 99:1 coupler for dividing the scanning light into two paths, the output end of the fiber grating filter is connected with the input port of an optical switch A, the 99:1 coupler has a coupling ratio of 99% and has an output end connected to an input port of the optical switch A, the optical switch A is used for switching between pulse light and scanning light, an output end of the optical switch A is connected to the circulator for injecting the pulse light or the scanning light into an optical fiber, the circulator is also connected to an input end of the reference optical fiber, the fiber grating sensor A is photoetched at the middle position of the reference optical fiber for calibrating the temperature of the reference optical fiber in the device, the reference optical fiber is placed in the heat-insulating box, an output end of the reference optical fiber is connected to an input end of a measuring optical fiber, the fiber grating sensor B and the fiber grating sensor C are photoetched near the start position and the stop position of the measuring optical fiber respectively, the circulator is also connected to an input end of the optical switch B for outputting the reflected pulse light through the optical switch B, the reflected scanning light is output through the optical switch B, the 99:1 coupler coupling ratio is that% output end is connected with the input end of the optical etalon and is used for generating a standard spectrum to carry out wavelength resolving reference, the output end of the optical etalon is connected with the input end of the photoelectric detector A to carry out photoelectric conversion on the standard spectrum, the number output port of the optical switch B is connected with the input port of the photoelectric detector B to carry out photoelectric conversion on the measured fiber bragg grating spectrum, the output port of the photoelectric detector A and the output port of the photoelectric detector B are respectively connected with the two-channel acquisition card to acquire and preprocess data, and the optical switch B is connected with the 50: the input ports of the 50 couplers are connected to divide the measured raman backscattered light into two paths, the 50: one output port of a 50 coupler is connected to the input port of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer, the 50: the other output port of the 50 coupler is connected with the input port of the 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer, and is used for selecting the frequency of 1450nm and 1663nm wavelength light, the output port of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the input port of the 1450nm filter, and is used for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of 1450nm wavelength Raman anti-Stokes light, the output port of the 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the input port of the 1663nm filter, and is used for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of 1663nm wavelength Raman Stokes light, the output port of the 1450nm filter and the output port of the 1663nm filter are respectively connected with the input port of a two-way avalanche diode photoelectric detector, and are used for performing photoelectric conversion of weak two-way signals, the output ports of the avalanche diode photoelectric detector are respectively connected with the input port of the two-way avalanche acquisition card B, and are used, the utility model discloses a two optical switch, including two optical switch A, optical switch B, binary channels collection card, optical switch A, binary channels collection card B and the computer passes through the net twine connection for two collection card synchro control, the transmission of data and resolving of data, binary channels collection card B with optical switch A with optical switch B connects for control two optical switch's synchronous switch-over, when optical switch A's first input port passes through the pulsed light, optical switch B's output port is through backscattering raman light, and when optical switch A's second input port passes through the scanning light, optical switch B still reflects the light of returning through fiber grating.
As a further scheme of the invention: the optical switch A adopts a multi-channel optical switch.
As a further scheme of the invention: the optical switch B adopts a multi-channel optical switch.
As a further scheme of the invention: the positions of the fiber grating sensor B and the fiber grating sensor C can be interchanged.
As a further scheme of the invention: the number of the fiber grating sensors B and the fiber grating sensors C is 1 or more.
As a further scheme of the invention: and photoetching the fiber grating from the head to the tail of the measuring fiber.
As a further scheme of the invention: and the control of the optical switch A and the optical switch B is controlled by the serial port for the computer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device with the self-calibration function can realize long-distance accurate temperature measurement. The accuracy of the temperature calibration can reach 0.1 ℃ each time. 2. The distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device with the self-calibration function can ensure long-time temperature measurement and temperature measurement accuracy. 3. The distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device with the self-calibration function can measure the long-distance temperature distribution of the distributed optical fiber sensing system and the accurate temperature measurement of the point type temperature measuring sensor, selects the advantages of the distributed optical fiber sensing system and effectively fuses the distributed optical fiber sensing system and the point type temperature measuring sensor. 4. The distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device with the self-calibration function has short calibration time each time because the repetition frequency of the fiber bragg grating demodulation system is 2.5kHz, and does not influence the measurement time of the distributed single-mode Raman.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: a pulse light source-1, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier A-2, a fiber grating filter-3, a scanning light source-4, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier B-5, a C-band filter-6, a 99:1 coupler-7, an optical switch A-8, a circulator-9, a heat preservation box-10, a fiber grating sensor A-11, a fiber grating sensor B-12, a fiber grating sensor C-13, a reference fiber-14, a measurement fiber-15, an optical switch B-16, an optical etalon-17, a photodetector A-18, a photodetector B-19, a dual-channel acquisition card A-20, a 50:50 coupler-21, a 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer-22, a 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer-23, a 1450nm filter-24, a scanning light source-24, a erbium-doped fiber amplifier B-12, a fiber grating sensor C-14, a reference, 1663nm filter-25, double-channel avalanche diode photodetector-26, double-channel acquisition card B-27, and computer-28.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a self-calibration distributed single-mode raman precise temperature measurement apparatus includes a pulse light source 1, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier a2, a fiber grating filter 3, a scanning light source 4, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier B5, a C-band filter 6, a 99:1 coupler 7, an optical switch A8, a circulator 9, a thermal insulation box 10, a fiber grating sensor a11, a fiber grating sensor B12, a fiber grating sensor C13, a reference fiber 14, a measurement fiber 15, an optical switch B16, an optical etalon 17, a photodetector a18, a photodetector B19, a dual-channel acquisition card a20, a 50:50 coupler 21, a 1450nm avalanche wavelength division multiplexer 22, a 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer 23, a 1450nm filter 24, a 1663nm filter 25, a dual-channel diode photodetector 26, a dual-channel acquisition card B27, and a computer 28.
The output end of the pulse light source 1 is connected with the input end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier A2 and is used for amplifying pulse light.
The output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier A2 is connected with the input end of the fiber grating filter 3 and is used for filtering noise outside the bandwidth of the filter so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
The output end of the scanning light source 4 is connected with the input end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier B5 and is used for amplifying scanning light.
The output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier B5 is connected with the input end of the C-band filter 6 and is used for limiting the scanning light wavelength to 1520-1570 nm.
The output end of the C-band filter 6 is connected with the input end of the 99:1 coupler 7, and the scanning light is divided into two paths.
The output end of the fiber grating filter 3 is connected to the input port 1 (the connection point of the upper line in the figure) of the optical switch A8, and the output end of the 99:1 coupler 7 with a coupling ratio of 99% is connected to the input port 2 (the connection point of the lower line in the figure) of the optical switch A8. The pulsed light and the scanning light are switched by an optical switch A8.
The output end of the optical switch A8 is connected to port 1 (left side in the figure) of the circulator 9, and pulse light or scanning light is injected into an optical fiber.
The 2-port (right side in the figure) of the circulator 9 is connected with the input end of the reference optical fiber 14, and the middle position of the reference optical fiber 14 is used for photoetching the fiber grating sensor A11 for calibrating the temperature of the reference optical fiber in the equipment. The reference optical fiber is placed in the heat-insulating box 10.
The output end of the reference optical fiber 14 is connected with the input end of a measuring optical fiber 15, and the fiber grating sensor B12 and the fiber grating sensor C13 are respectively photoetched near the starting position and the ending position of the measuring optical fiber 15.
The 3 ports (lower side in the figure) of the circulator 9 are connected to the input end of the optical switch B16, and outputs the reflected pulse light through the 1 port of the optical switch B16, and outputs the reflected scanning light through the 2 port of the optical switch B16.
The output end of the 99:1 coupler 7 with the coupling ratio of 1% is connected with the input end of the optical etalon 17 and is used for generating a standard spectrum to carry out wavelength resolving reference.
The output end of the optical etalon 17 is connected with the input end of the photodetector a18, and performs photoelectric conversion on the standard spectrum.
And the No. 2 output port of the optical switch B16 is connected with the input port of the photoelectric detector B19, and performs photoelectric conversion on the measured fiber bragg grating spectrum.
The output port of the photodetector a18 and the output port of the photodetector B19 are connected to the two-channel acquisition card 20, respectively, for acquiring and preprocessing data.
The output port No. 1 of the optical switch B16 is connected to the input port of the 50:50 coupler 21 to split the measured raman backscattered light into two paths.
One output port of the 50:50 coupler 21 is connected to the input port of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer 22, and the other output port of the 50:50 coupler 21 is connected to the input port of the 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer 23. For the selective emission of 1450nm and 1663nm wavelength light.
And a reflection port of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer 22 is looped, and an output port of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer 22 is connected with an input port of the 1450nm filter 24, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the 1450nm wavelength Raman anti-Stokes light is improved.
The reflection port of the 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer 23 is circled, and the output port of the 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer 23 is connected with the input port of the 1663nm filter 25, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the 1663nm wavelength Raman Stokes light.
The output port of the 1450nm filter 24 and the output port of the 1663nm filter 25 are respectively connected with the input port of the double-path avalanche diode photodetector 26 to perform photoelectric conversion of a weaker signal.
The output port of the two-channel avalanche diode photodetector 26 is connected to the input port of the two-channel acquisition card 227, respectively, for acquiring two electrical signals.
The two-channel acquisition card 120 and the two-channel acquisition card 227 are connected to the computer 28 via a network cable, and are used for synchronous control, data transmission and data resolution of the two acquisition cards.
The two-channel acquisition card 227 is connected with the optical switch A8 and the optical switch B16, and is used for controlling the synchronous switching of the two optical switches. When the input 1 port of optical switch A8 passed pulsed light, the output 1 port of optical switch B16 passed backscattered raman light. When the input 2 port of optical switch A8 passes the scanning light, the output 2 port of optical switch B16 reflects the light back through the fiber grating.
Example 2: on the basis of example 1: the optical switch A8 and the optical switch B16 may be multi-channel optical switches. Thus, the system can realize multi-channel measurement.
Example 3: on the basis of example 1: the positions of the fiber grating sensor B12 and the fiber grating sensor C13 can be changed or increased, so that the temperature of the measuring optical cable can be calibrated more accurately.
Example 4: on the basis of example 1: the fiber grating is required to be photoetched from the head to the tail of the measuring optical fiber 15, and in actual operation, the fiber grating sensors with two ends can be fused to the measuring optical fiber.
Example 5: on the basis of example 1: the control of the optical switch A8 and the optical switch B16 can be controlled by the computer through a serial port.
Example 5: on the basis of example 1: the 50: the 50 coupler 21 equally divides the reflected raman backscattered light, which reduces the light intensity. Firstly, removing the 50: and the 50 coupler 21 is used for connecting the input end of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer 22 with the No. 1 output end of the optical switch B and connecting the reflection port of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer 22 with the input port of the 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer 23, so that the light intensity is improved, and the function of improving the signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved.
The temperature measuring steps of the invention are as follows:
step one, light of a pulse light source enters an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1 to be amplified. And step two, performing out-of-bandwidth noise filtering on the amplified pulse light through a fiber grating filter. And step three, the light of the scanning light source enters the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 2 for amplification. And step four, passing the amplified scanning light through a C-band filter, and limiting the wavelength of the scanning light to be 1520-1570 nm. And step five, switching the pulse light and the scanning light through an optical switch A, wherein only one light passes through at a certain moment. And step six, entering the reference optical fiber through the 1 st output port of the circulator. And seventhly, photoetching the fiber grating sensor A at the middle position of the reference fiber, wherein the fiber grating sensor A is used for calibrating the temperature of the reference fiber in the equipment. And step eight, injecting light of the reference optical fiber into the measuring optical fiber. And step nine, photoetching the fiber grating sensor B and the fiber grating sensor C at the head and the tail of the measuring optical fiber for calibrating the temperature of the measuring optical fiber. And step nine, the backward Raman scattering signal or the light reflected by the fiber grating is input through a2 nd port of the circulator and is output through a 3 rd port. And step ten, switching the backward Raman scattering signal and the light reflected by the fiber bragg grating through an optical switch B. Eleventh, 99: light with 1% coupling ratio of the 1 coupler passes through the optical etalon to obtain a standard spectrum. And step twelve, performing photoelectric conversion on the standard spectrum by a photoelectric detector A. And step thirteen, the light reflected by the fiber bragg grating passes through a photoelectric detector B for photoelectric conversion. And step fourteen, acquiring the data of the two channels by a two-channel acquisition card A. Step fifteen, pass 50: the 50 coupler splits the back-raman scattered light power equally. Sixthly, separating the Stokes light from the anti-Stokes light through a 1450nm optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer and a 1663nm optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer. Seventhly, filtering through a 1450nm filter and a 1663nm filter respectively. Eighteen, converting the optical signal into an electric signal by using a double-path avalanche diode photoelectric detector. And nineteen steps of collecting signals through a double-channel collecting card. Twenty, transmitting the data acquired by the dual-channel acquisition card A and the dual-channel acquisition card B to a computer through a network cable for data processing. And step eleven, synchronously switching and controlling the optical switch A and the optical switch B through a dual-channel acquisition card B.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The distributed single-mode Raman accurate temperature measuring device with the self-calibration function is characterized in that the output end of a pulse light source (1) is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier A (2) and used for amplifying pulse light, the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier A (2) is connected with the input end of a fiber grating filter (3) and used for filtering noise outside the bandwidth of the filter, the output end of a scanning light source (4) is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier B (5) and used for amplifying scanning light, the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier B (5) is connected with the input end of a C-band filter (6) and used for limiting the scanning light between 1520 and 1570, and the output end of the C-band filter (6) is connected with the input end of a 99:1 coupler (7), dividing the scanning light into two paths, connecting the output end of the fiber grating filter (3) with the optical switch A (8), switching the pulse light and the scanning light by the optical switch A (8) when the coupling ratio of the 99:1 coupler (7) is 99% of the output end is connected with the optical switch A (8), connecting the output end of the optical switch A (8) with the circulator (9), injecting the pulse light or the scanning light into the optical fiber, connecting the circulator (9) with the input end of the reference optical fiber (14), photoetching the fiber grating sensor A (11) at the middle position of the reference optical fiber (14) for calibrating the temperature of the reference optical fiber in the equipment, placing the reference optical fiber in the heat preservation box (10), connecting the output end of the reference optical fiber (14) with the input end of the measurement optical fiber (15), and photoetching the fiber grating sensor B (8) at the positions near the start position and the stop position of the measurement optical fiber (15) respectively 12) And the fiber grating sensor C (13), the circulator (9) is further connected with an input end of the optical switch B (16), the reflected pulse light is output through the optical switch B (16), the reflected scanning light is output through the optical switch B (16), an output end with a coupling ratio of (1)% of the 99:1 coupler (7) is connected with an input end of the optical etalon (17) and is used for generating a standard spectrum to perform wavelength resolving reference, an output end of the optical etalon (17) is connected with an input end of the photoelectric detector A (18) to perform photoelectric conversion on the standard spectrum, an output port No. 2 of the optical switch B (16) is connected with an input port of the photoelectric detector B (19) to perform photoelectric conversion on the measured fiber grating spectrum, an output port of the photoelectric detector A (18) is connected with an output port of the photoelectric detector B (19), the optical switch B (16) is connected with the acquisition card (20) with two channels respectively to acquire and preprocess data, and the optical switch B (16) is connected with the 50: an input port of a 50 coupler (21) is connected to split the measured raman backscattered light into two paths, said 50: one output port of a 50 coupler (21) is connected with the input port of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer (22), the 50: the other output port of the 50 coupler (21) is connected with the input port of the 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer (23) for frequency-selecting 1450nm and 1663nm wavelength light, the output port of the 1450nm wavelength division multiplexer (22) is connected with the input port of the 1450nm filter (24) for improving signal-to-noise ratio of 1450nm wavelength Raman anti-Stokes light, the output port of the 1663nm wavelength division multiplexer (23) is connected with the input port of the 1663nm filter (25) for improving signal-to-noise ratio of 1663nm wavelength Raman anti-Stokes light, the output port of the 1450nm filter (24) and the output port of the 1663nm filter (25) are respectively connected with the input port of a two-way avalanche diode photodetector (26) for photoelectric conversion of weak signals, the output port of the avalanche two-way diode photodetector (26), respectively with the input of binary channels collection card B (27) is connected for the collection of two way signals of telecommunication, binary channels collection card A (20) with binary channels collection card B (27) with computer (28) are connected through the net twine for two collection card synchro control, the transmission of data and resolving of data, binary channels collection card B (27) with photoswitch A (8) with photoswitch B (16) are connected for control two photoswitch's synchronous switch-over, when the first input port of photoswitch A (8) passes through the pulsed light, photoswitch B (16) are through the backscattering raman light, when photoswitch A (8) second input port is through the scanning light, light that photoswitch B (16) still reflected back through fiber grating.
2. The self-calibration distributed single-mode Raman precise temperature measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the optical switch A (8) is a multi-channel optical switch.
3. The self-calibrating distributed single-mode Raman precise temperature measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the optical switch B (16) is a multi-channel optical switch.
4. The self-calibrating distributed single-mode Raman precise temperature measuring device of claim 1, wherein the positions of the fiber grating sensor B (12) and the fiber grating sensor C (13) can be interchanged.
5. The self-calibration distributed single-mode Raman precise temperature measurement device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the fiber grating sensors B (12) and C (13) is 1 or more.
6. The self-calibrating distributed single-mode Raman precise temperature measuring device of claim 1, wherein the end-to-end of the measuring fiber (15) is photo-etched with a fiber grating.
7. The self-calibration distributed single-mode raman precise thermometry apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control of the optical switch a (8) and the optical switch B (16) is controlled by the computer through a serial port.
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