CN111121970A - Light polarization state testing device and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Light polarization state testing device and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a light polarization state testing device and a testing method thereof, wherein the light polarization state testing device comprises: the liquid crystal box group comprises a plurality of liquid crystal boxes arranged in a matrix mode, and each liquid crystal box is controlled by a set voltage to generate lambda/4 phase delay; the polaroid is attached to the surface of the liquid crystal box group; the optical detector is arranged on one side of the polaroid, which is far away from the liquid crystal box group, and is used for receiving optical signals and converting the optical signals into electric signals; the analysis unit is connected with the optical detector and used for acquiring the polarization state of the test light according to the electric signal; the liquid crystal boxes are aligned according to a set rule, and the alignment directions of the liquid crystal boxes are different.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of light measurement, in particular to a light polarization state testing device and a testing method thereof.
Background
Polarization is an important characteristic of light, reflects an asymmetric relationship between the vibration direction and the propagation direction of light, and is divided into natural light, completely polarized light and partially polarized light according to the polarization characteristic of the light, wherein the completely polarized light comprises linearly polarized light, elliptically polarized light and circularly polarized light. Polarized light is widely used as a light source in various technical fields, such as photolithography, 3D movies, liquid crystal displays, infrared polarized light therapy, etc., and the polarization state of the light source determines the application effect in the various fields, so that the polarization state of the light source needs to be strictly tested to ensure the use effect. In addition, the polarized light test is also applied to the field of material analysis, because the polarization state of the polarized light can be changed to a certain extent after the polarized light passes through some media, the related physical properties of the media can be obtained by analyzing the polarization state change of the light beam before and after the light beam enters the media, and the characteristics of the material, such as molecular structure, composition and the like, can be further analyzed according to the physical properties.
The current light polarization testing device usually adopts a structure that 1/4 wave plates, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector are matched, and the light intensity projected on the photoelectric detector is changed by rotating 1/4 wave plates through a mechanical structure, so that the polarization testing of light is performed. On one hand, however, the rotating mechanical structure is large, the test equipment cannot be reduced, and the mechanical structure is easy to wear, so that the manufacturing and maintenance costs are high; on the other hand, the speed of mechanical rotation is slow, and the test efficiency is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a light polarization state testing apparatus and a testing method thereof, which are directed to the problems of high cost and low efficiency of the conventional light polarization state testing apparatus.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a light polarization state testing device, comprising:
the liquid crystal cell group comprises a plurality of liquid crystal cells arranged in a matrix manner, and each liquid crystal cell is controlled by a set voltage to generate a phase delay of lambda/4;
the polaroid is attached to the surface of the liquid crystal box group;
the optical detector is arranged on one side of the polaroid, which is far away from the liquid crystal box group, and is used for receiving optical signals, converting the received optical signals into electric signals and outputting the electric signals, the optical detector comprises a plurality of detection units which are arranged in a matrix form, the number of the detection units is the same as that of the liquid crystal boxes, and the positions of the detection units correspond to the positions of the liquid crystal boxes in the vertical direction one by one;
the analysis unit is connected with the optical detector and used for acquiring the polarization state of the test light according to the electric signal;
the liquid crystal boxes are aligned according to a set rule, and the alignment directions of the liquid crystal boxes are different from each other.
In one embodiment, the included angle theta between the set alignment direction of each liquid crystal cell and the transmission axis of the polarizer is 0 DEG,
And the liquid crystal boxes correspond to the included angles theta one to one, wherein N is the number of the liquid crystal boxes included in the liquid crystal box group, and N is more than or equal to 4.
In one embodiment, the voltage of each liquid crystal cell is controlled by spatial regulation.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal cell comprises a first glass layer, a first electrode layer, a first alignment film, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment film, a second electrode layer and a second glass layer which are arranged in sequence.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal cell is an ECB type liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell has an alignment direction of the first alignment film, and the second alignment film is parallel to and opposite to the alignment direction of the first alignment film.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal cell is an OCB type liquid crystal cell, the alignment direction set by the liquid crystal cell is the alignment direction of the first alignment film, and the alignment direction of the second alignment film is the same as the alignment direction of the first alignment film.
In one embodiment, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are made of one of indium tin oxide, silver nanowires, graphene, metal grids and carbon nanotubes.
In one embodiment, the light polarization state testing device further comprises a lens unit disposed on a side of the liquid crystal cell group away from the polarizer for imaging the test light on the light receiving surface of the photodetector.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal cells are arranged in any order in the liquid crystal cell array.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides a light polarization state testing method, which is based on the light polarization state testing device and comprises the following steps:
vertically irradiating the test light into the liquid crystal cell group;
applying voltage to liquid crystal boxes in the liquid crystal box group according to set logic to generate a plurality of different first emergent lights;
passing the first emergent light beams through a polaroid to generate second different emergent light beams;
receiving the second emergent light and converting an optical signal of the second emergent light into an electrical signal;
and receiving the electric signal and acquiring the polarization state of the test light according to the electric signal.
Above-mentioned light polarization state testing arrangement, including LCD box group, polaroid, light detector and analysis element, the LCD box group includes the liquid crystal box that a plurality of matrixes were arranged, tests light incidence behind the liquid crystal box that the matrix was arranged, through the voltage of setting for applying to the liquid crystal box of different orientations, can produce the first emergent light of a plurality of different polarization states through the liquid crystal box of a plurality of differences in same test period, the polaroid will a plurality of first emergent lights turn into the different second emergent light of luminous intensity, and detection element among the light detector is again respectively to the light signal through the liquid crystal box of relevant position carry out photoelectric conversion and data output, and the analysis element is right a plurality of data of light detector output calculate and the analysis to acquire the polarization state of testing light. The invention is based on the matrix-arranged liquid crystal box and the detecting unit, and realizes the light polarization state testing device with small volume, low manufacturing cost and high testing speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for testing polarization of light;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a liquid crystal cell array;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal cell according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules of an ECB mode liquid crystal cell in a non-applied voltage state according to one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules of an ECB type liquid crystal cell in a non-applied voltage state according to another embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules of an ECB mode liquid crystal cell with a set voltage state applied thereto according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a graph of test data for luminous intensity versus angle θ in one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a process for photoaligning a liquid crystal cell according to an embodiment;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a light polarization state testing apparatus in another embodiment.
Description of the symbols
100. A liquid crystal cell group; 110. a liquid crystal cell; 111. a first glass layer; 112. a first electrode layer; 113. a first alignment film; 114. a liquid crystal layer; 115. a second alignment film; 116. a second electrode layer; 117. a second glass layer; 200. a polarizer; 300. a light detector; 310. a detection unit; 400. an analysis unit; 500. a lens unit.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on methods or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical polarization state testing apparatus in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the optical polarization state testing apparatus includes:
a liquid crystal cell array 100, including a plurality of liquid crystal cells 110 (shown in fig. 2) arranged in a matrix form, each of the liquid crystal cells 110 being controlled by a set voltage to generate a phase retardation of λ/4;
the polarizer 200 is attached to the surface of the liquid crystal box group 100;
a light detector 300, disposed on a side of the polarizer 200 away from the liquid crystal cell array 100, for receiving a light signal, converting the received light signal into an electrical signal, and outputting the electrical signal, where the light detector 300 includes a plurality of detection units 310 arranged in a matrix form, the number of the detection units 310 is the same as that of the liquid crystal cells 110, and the positions of the detection units 310 and the positions of the liquid crystal cells 110 are in one-to-one correspondence in a vertical direction (as shown in fig. 2);
an analyzing unit 400 connected to the photodetector 300, for obtaining the polarization state of the test light according to the electrical signal;
the liquid crystal cells 110 are aligned according to a predetermined rule, and the alignment directions of the liquid crystal cells 110 are different from each other.
In this embodiment, each of the detecting units 310 is configured to test the intensity of the second outgoing light passing through the liquid crystal cells 110 and the polarizers 200 at the corresponding positions, so that the light polarization testing apparatus of this embodiment can simultaneously obtain a plurality of test data in one test period based on a plurality of liquid crystal cells 110 and a plurality of detecting units 310, thereby improving the testing speed of the light polarization testing apparatus.
The liquid crystal molecules serve as a birefringent material, and the propagation speeds of light in different propagation directions in the liquid crystal molecules are different, so that when the test light passes through the liquid crystal cell 110, a phase difference is generated between light propagating along the fast axis and light propagating along the slow axis in the test light, thereby changing the polarization state of the test light. In this embodiment, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 110 can be changed by adjusting the alignment directions of the different liquid crystal cells 110, so as to change the included angle between the polarization plane of the test light and the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the same beam of test light is converted into light with different polarization states when passing through the liquid crystal cells 110 with different alignment directions.
In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal cell 110 generates a set phase retardation by controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell 110. The type of the liquid crystal cell 110 determines the corresponding relationship between the phase retardation and the applied voltage, for example, an ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence) type liquid crystal cell has a phase retardation of λ/4 when no voltage is applied and a phase retardation of 0 ° when a set voltage is applied; whereas the VA (vertical Aligned) type liquid crystal cell has a phase retardation of 0 ° when no voltage is applied and a phase retardation of λ/4 when a set voltage is applied.
When the phase retardation generated by the liquid crystal cell 110 is λ/4, the polarization state of the test light passing through the liquid crystal cell 110 changes according to the following rule. When the circularly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal cell 110, it is converted into linearly polarized light. After linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal box 110, if the polarization plane of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the fast axis or the slow axis of the liquid crystal molecules, the linearly polarized light is still emitted; if the included angle between the polarization plane of the linearly polarized light and the fast axis or the slow axis of the liquid crystal molecules is 45 degrees, the linearly polarized light can be converted into the circularly polarized light; otherwise, the light is converted into elliptically polarized light. After the elliptically polarized light passes through the liquid crystal box 110, if the direction of the main axis of the ellipse is consistent with the fast axis or the slow axis of the liquid crystal molecules, the elliptically polarized light is converted into linearly polarized light; otherwise, the elliptical polarized light is still emitted. Therefore, the polarization state of the test light can be reversely obtained according to the polarization states of the plurality of first emergent lights emitted by the liquid crystal cell group 100 and the alignment directions of the different liquid crystal cells 110.
Malus' law states that after linearly polarized light having intensity I0 is transmitted through polarizer 200, the intensity I of the transmitted light satisfies: i ═ I0 (cos phi)2Where phi is the angle between the polarization plane of the incident linearly polarized light and the transmission axis of the polarizer 200. Therefore, the first emergent light with different polarization states is converted into the second emergent light with different luminous intensities after passing through the polarizer 200. After receiving the optical signal of the second emergent light, the optical detector 300 converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the analysis unit 400, and the polarization state of the first emergent light is obtained through calculation and analysis of the analysis unit 400. The embodiment realizes low-cost and high-speed test of test light in different polarization states based on the characteristics of electric deflection and birefringence of liquid crystal molecules.
Furthermore, the light detector 300 may be attached to the polarizer 200, and this method can prevent external stray light from entering the light detector 300, thereby reducing the influence of external factors on the test result; the light detector 300 can also be disposed separately from the polarizer 200, and this method is easy to replace the light detector 300 with different types and different accuracies, so as to make the light polarization state testing apparatus more flexible.
In an embodiment, the voltage control of each liquid crystal cell 110 is a spatial control, that is, the same constant voltage is applied to different liquid crystal cells 110 at the same time, so that each liquid crystal cell 110 generates a phase retardation of λ/4, and since the alignment direction of each liquid crystal cell 110 is different, the test light in the same polarization state is converted into first emergent light in different polarization states after passing through different liquid crystal cells 110, and the first emergent light in different polarization states is converted into second polarized light with different luminous intensities after passing through the polarizer 200, so as to perform a polarization state test of light.
In one embodiment, the angle θ between the alignment direction of each liquid crystal cell 110 and the transmission axis of the polarizer 200 is 0 ° (see above),
The liquid crystal cells 110 correspond to the included angles θ one to one. This embodiment sets up through the equidistance contained angle theta can improve light polarization state testing arrangement's test accuracy and efficiency of software testing because if two liquid crystal box 110 the difference is less between the contained angle theta, and the difference between the luminous intensity of corresponding emergent light is less, then can't obtain the relation between contained angle theta and the luminous intensity high-efficiently, and efficiency of software testing is lower.
In this embodiment, the number N of the liquid crystal cells 110 included in the liquid crystal cell group 100 is greater than or equal to 4, and further, the number N of the liquid crystal cells 110 is less than or equal to 20, for example, the number N of the liquid crystal cells 110 may be 4, 9, 12, or 20. In the present embodiment, a plurality of light-emitting intensities are obtained by driving different liquid crystal cells 110 in different spaces to perform polarization state testing and analysis, and it can be understood that the more the number of liquid crystal cells 110 included in the liquid crystal cell group 100 is, the more test data can be obtained, the more accurate the test result of the polarization state of the test light is, but the more the number of the liquid crystal cells 110 is, the higher the difficulty in manufacturing the liquid crystal cell group 100 is. Therefore, an appropriate number of the liquid crystal cells 110 should be selected so as to balance the relationship between the accuracy of the test and the difficulty of manufacturing the liquid crystal cell array 100.
In an example, the liquid crystal cell array 100 includes 9 liquid crystal cells 110 arranged in a matrix, the liquid crystal cells are arranged in a 3 × 3 matrix, according to the method for setting the included angle θ, the included angles θ of the 9 liquid crystal cells 110 are respectively one of 0 °, 20 °, 40 °, 60 °, 80 °, 100 °, 120 °, 140 °, and 160 °, and the liquid crystal cells 110 correspond to the included angles θ one by one. It should be noted that the present embodiment does not limit the arrangement order of the liquid crystal cells 110 in the liquid crystal cell array 100, and any arrangement order of the liquid crystal cells 110 can obtain the same test result.
As shown in fig. 3, the liquid crystal cell 110 includes a first glass layer 111, a first electrode layer 112, a first alignment film 113, a liquid crystal layer 114, a second alignment film 115, a second electrode layer 116, and a second glass layer 117, which are sequentially disposed, wherein test light enters from one side of the first glass layer 111 and exits from one side of the second glass layer 117 of the liquid crystal cell 110, the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 116 are configured to apply a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 114, so that liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 114 are deflected under the driving of the voltage, and the phase retardation of the liquid crystal cell 110 is 0 ° or λ/4 by applying a set voltage value. The cell thickness of the liquid crystal cell 110 is obtained according to the following equation:
wherein,
δ is the maximum phase retardation produced by the liquid crystal cell 110, i.e., λ/4;
λ is the wavelength of the test light;
Δ n is the difference in refractive index between the fast and slow axes of the liquid crystal molecules;
d is the cell thickness of liquid crystal cell 110.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal cell 110 is an ECB-type liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell 110 has an alignment direction of the first alignment film 113, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the ECB-type liquid crystal cell are the same in the example shown in fig. 4, the alignment direction of the second alignment film 115 is the same as that of the first alignment film 113, and in the example shown in fig. 5, the alignment direction of the second alignment film 115 is parallel to but opposite to that of the first alignment film 113.
As shown in fig. 4 to 5, when no voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 116 of the liquid crystal cell 110, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in an approximately horizontal direction by the first alignment film 113 and the second alignment film 115, the test light is incident perpendicular to the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules, and the polarization state of the test light changes according to the aforementioned rule after passing through the liquid crystal cell 110. As shown in fig. 6, when a set voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 116, the liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned, the test light is incident in parallel to the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules, and the polarization state of the test light is not changed after the test light passes through the liquid crystal cell 110.
In one example, the liquid crystal cell group 100 includes 9 ECB type liquid crystal cells, when no voltage is applied to each liquid crystal cell 110, each ECB type liquid crystal cell can generate a phase retardation of λ/4 to the test light, because the alignment directions of each liquid crystal cell 110 are different, the test light can be converted into first emergent light in corresponding polarization state after passing through different liquid crystal cells 110, and second emergent light in different intensities can be formed after the first emergent light in different polarization states passes through the polarizer 200. Therefore, there is a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the included angle θ between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell 110 and the transmission axis of the polarizer 200, the polarization state of the first emergent light, and the luminous intensity of the second emergent light, and the correspondence relationship shown in fig. 7 can be obtained according to the luminous intensity of the second emergent light and the included angle θ. In the embodiment, based on the phase retardation characteristic of the ECB liquid crystal cell 110, no voltage is required to be applied to the liquid crystal cell 110 during the polarization state test, so that the device is a low-energy-consumption device for testing the polarization state of light, is not restricted by the position of the power supply, can be moved to any position for testing, and has high portability.
In another embodiment, the liquid crystal cell 110 is an OCB (optically compensated bend) liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell 110 sets an alignment direction of the first alignment film 113, and the second alignment film 115 is the same as the first alignment film 113. The liquid crystal in the OCB type liquid crystal cell may be a positive liquid crystal E7, Δ n of E7 is 0.2236, and cell gap (cell thickness) of the liquid crystal cell 110 is about 3 um. Because of the drive mode of matching high voltage and low voltage, the OCB type liquid crystal box can realize faster deflection speed of liquid crystal molecules, thereby having better test speed.
It should be noted that the types of the liquid crystal cell 110 are not limited to the ECB type liquid crystal cell and the OCB type liquid crystal cell In the foregoing embodiments, and other types of liquid crystal cells 110 such as TN (Twisted Nematic), IPS (In-Plane Switching), VA (In-Plane Switching), and the like may also be applied to the light polarization state testing apparatus.
In one embodiment, the alignment methods of the first alignment film 113 and the second alignment film 115 are both photo-alignment, and the plurality of liquid crystal cells 110 in the liquid crystal cell array 100 share the same first glass layer 111 and second glass layer 117. In this embodiment, a patterned first electrode layer 112 is formed on the surface of the first glass layer 111, the first electrode layers 112 of different liquid crystal cells 110 are separated from each other, an alignment liquid is coated on the surface of the first electrode layer 112, and then alignment is performed on different liquid crystal cells 110 in different times to form first alignment films 113 of different liquid crystal cells 110 in different alignment directions. As shown in fig. 8, taking 4 alignment directions as an example, the following steps are repeated for each alignment: the method comprises the steps of firstly utilizing a photomask to shield a set area of the coated alignment liquid to expose an area to be aligned, enabling the shapes of different photomasks to be shown as a photomask top view on the right side of the figure 8, and then irradiating the alignment liquid with alignment light at a set angle to enable molecules in the alignment liquid to be orderly and regularly arranged. Meanwhile, in the same step of forming the first electrode layer 112 and the first alignment film 113, a patterned second electrode layer 116 and a patterned second alignment film 115 are formed on the surface of the second glass layer 117. Finally, a separation structure is formed on the surface of the first alignment film 113 and liquid crystal is poured, and the second glass layer 117 is covered to form the liquid crystal cell array 100. Compared with the contact rubbing alignment method, the photo alignment method does not need to directly contact the alignment film during alignment, so that static electricity or particle pollution can be avoided, and the manufacturing yield of the liquid crystal cell 110 can be effectively improved.
In an embodiment, the materials of the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 116 are both one of indium tin oxide, silver nanowires, graphene, metal grids, and carbon nanotubes, and the electrode layer materials with the better transmittance can prevent the first electrode layer 112 or the second electrode layer 116 from reflection, absorption, and the like, so as to avoid the influence on the test result.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the light polarization state testing apparatus further includes a lens unit 500 disposed on a side of the liquid crystal cell group 100 away from the polarizer 200 for imaging the test light on the light receiving surface of the light detector 300. According to the light polarization testing device in the foregoing embodiment, only a single-point polarization testing result of the testing light can be obtained in each test, and in this embodiment, the lens unit 500 is added, and the polarization characteristics of multiple points can be obtained only by one testing process by using an imaging manner and matching with the liquid crystal cell group 100 with a corresponding size. For example, every 4 liquid crystal cells 110 may be arranged through the optical path structure to obtain the polarization characteristic of one point, and by arranging 40 liquid crystal cells 110 in the liquid crystal cell group 100, the polarization characteristic of 10 points may be obtained simultaneously, thereby further improving the test efficiency of the light polarization state test apparatus. The lens unit 500 may be a lens or a lens assembly composed of a plurality of lenses, so as to adjust parameters such as a test distance and a test precision more flexibly according to actual test requirements.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides a light polarization state testing method, which is based on the light polarization state testing device and comprises the following steps:
vertically irradiating the test light into the liquid crystal cell group 100;
applying voltage to the liquid crystal cells 110 in the liquid crystal cell group 100 according to a set logic to generate a plurality of different first emergent lights;
passing the first outgoing light beams through the polarizer 200 to generate second outgoing light beams;
receiving the second emergent light and converting an optical signal of the second emergent light into an electrical signal;
and receiving the electric signal and acquiring the polarization state of the test light according to the electric signal.
The light polarization state testing method of the embodiment utilizes the characteristics of high liquid crystal molecule deflection speed and high flexibility to save the wave plate rotation time in the traditional mechanical structure testing process, and can obtain a plurality of test data in one testing period based on the liquid crystal boxes 110 and the detection units 310 which are positioned in one-to-one correspondence in the vertical direction, thereby realizing a more efficient light polarization state testing method.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A light polarization testing apparatus, comprising:
the liquid crystal cell group comprises a plurality of liquid crystal cells arranged in a matrix manner, and each liquid crystal cell is controlled by a set voltage to generate a phase delay of lambda/4;
the polaroid is attached to the surface of the liquid crystal box group;
the optical detector is arranged on one side of the polaroid, which is far away from the liquid crystal box group, and is used for receiving optical signals, converting the received optical signals into electric signals and outputting the electric signals, the optical detector comprises a plurality of detection units which are arranged in a matrix form, the number of the detection units is the same as that of the liquid crystal boxes, and the positions of the detection units correspond to the positions of the liquid crystal boxes in the vertical direction one by one;
the analysis unit is connected with the optical detector and used for acquiring the polarization state of the test light according to the electric signal;
the liquid crystal boxes are aligned according to a set rule, and the alignment directions of the liquid crystal boxes are different from each other.
2. A light polarization testing device according to claim 1, wherein the angle θ between the set alignment direction of each liquid crystal cell and the transmission axis of the polarizer is
And the liquid crystal boxes correspond to the included angles theta one to one, wherein N is the number of the liquid crystal boxes included in the liquid crystal box group, and N is more than or equal to 4.
3. A light polarization state testing device according to claim 2, wherein the voltage of each liquid crystal cell is controlled by spatial modulation.
4. A light polarization state testing device according to claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal cell comprises a first glass layer, a first electrode layer, a first alignment film, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment film, a second electrode layer and a second glass layer arranged in sequence.
5. The device for testing the polarization state of light according to claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal cell is an ECB type liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell is configured to have an alignment direction of the first alignment film, and the second alignment film is parallel to but opposite to the alignment direction of the first alignment film.
6. The device according to claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal cell is an OCB type liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell has a predetermined alignment direction of the first alignment film, and the second alignment film has the same alignment direction as the first alignment film.
7. The light polarization state testing device of any one of claim 4, wherein the material of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer is one of indium tin oxide, silver nanowires, graphene, metal mesh, and carbon nanotubes.
8. A light polarization state testing device according to claim 1, further comprising a lens unit disposed on a side of the liquid crystal cell group away from the polarizer for imaging the test light on a light receiving surface of the photodetector.
9. A light polarization state testing device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal cells are arranged in any order in the liquid crystal cell group.
10. A light polarization state testing method based on the light polarization state testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the light polarization state testing method comprising:
vertically irradiating the test light into the liquid crystal cell group;
applying voltage to liquid crystal boxes in the liquid crystal box group according to set logic to generate a plurality of different first emergent lights;
passing the first emergent light beams through a polaroid to generate second different emergent light beams;
receiving the second emergent light and converting an optical signal of the second emergent light into an electrical signal;
and receiving the electric signal and acquiring the polarization state of the test light according to the electric signal.
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