CN111121899A - Low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter reading method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter reading method, which comprises the following steps: reading the data of the lower order of the mechanical counting mechanism in a photoelectric direct reading mode; judging the section where the highest bit in the read low-bit data is located; repeating the steps at intervals of t; and according to the interval where the highest position in the obtained multiple groups of low-position data is located, sequentially calculating high-position data without a mechanical counting mechanism from the low position to the high position, storing the high-position data into a nonvolatile memory of the microprocessor, and directly reading the value as output during reading. The photoelectric reading structure and the reading method of the water meter are improved, hardware redundancy is eliminated, the cost of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter is reduced, meanwhile, the requirement on a microprocessor can be reduced, the installation is convenient, and the fault rate of the water meter is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of digital metering, in particular to a low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter reading method.
Background
The invention/utility model patent of the existing photoelectric direct reading water meter mostly focuses on improving the character wheel structure to read the water meter reading or improve the accuracy of the water meter reading, and a character wheel and remote direct reading photoelectric counter [ CN204331787U ] realizes the water meter reading through the new character wheel structure; a photoelectric direct-reading water meter [ CN 204944580U ] with accurate electronic reading and a method for accurately reading the photoelectric direct-reading water meter [ CN106525184B ] are methods for improving the reading accuracy of the water meter by improving a character wheel structure.
The mechanical counting structure of the four-position photoelectric direct-reading water meter is shown in figure 1, round character wheels such as units, tens, hundreds and thousands are distributed on a cross shaft, 0-9 ten numbers are equidistantly arranged on the edges of the character wheels, regular holes are distributed on the character wheels, and a rotary wing type water wheel of the water meter drives the character wheels to rotate to indicate the reading of the water meter.
The photoelectric direct-reading water meter reads the reading of the water meter through the photoelectric sensor. In the photoelectric direct-reading water meter, the reading of the character wheels of each water meter is obtained by sensing the position change of the open holes distributed on the character wheels through a correlation or reflection photoelectric sensor, and fig. 2 shows the reading principle of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter in a correlation mode.
In order to obtain the hole opening motion state of the character wheel, each character wheel needs a plurality of pairs of photoelectric emission tubes and photoelectric receiving tubes. If 5 pairs of transmitting tubes and receiving tubes are used for each print wheel, 20 pairs of transmitting tubes and receiving tubes are needed for the photoelectric direct-reading water meter with 4 print wheels. The transmitting tube and the receiving tube are one of the main consumption of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter, and meanwhile, the reading error of the water meter can be caused by the fault of each transmitting tube and each receiving tube. The more transmitting tubes and receiving tubes increase the cost of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter, the more microprocessor I/O pins are occupied by the transmitting tube drive and the receiving tubes, the larger the occupied space of the reading device is, and the larger the installation difficulty is.
The photoelectric water meter has a certain service life, the reading range (thousand, hundred, ten and one) of the water meter is designed for the whole service life of the water meter, the numerical difference value between two readings of the water meter is small and is often within several cubes, and particularly the requirement of real-time meter reading at present is met, so that the interval between two meter reading times is shorter, and the reading difference of the water meter is smaller. The characteristic enables the high level (such as thousand or hundred) of the water meter to change in a plurality of times of meter reading.
The prior art of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter can read the reading of the water meter through a photoelectric sensor and a microprocessor, but the redundancy of an electronic reading device taking the microprocessor as a core on hardware is not considered, so that the reading structure is complex, and the consumption of components is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the photoelectric reading structure and the reading method of the water meter are improved, hardware redundancy is eliminated, the cost of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter is reduced, meanwhile, the requirement on a microprocessor can be reduced, the installation is convenient, and the fault rate of the water meter is reduced.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a reading method for a low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter is characterized in that a mechanical counting mechanism is arranged at a lower order of the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter, and a mechanical counting structure is not arranged at a higher order.
The dial provided with the mechanical counting mechanism is divided into 3 groups of intervals, wherein, the numbers 0, 1 and 2 are a first group of intervals, the numbers 3, 4, 5 and 6 are a second group of intervals, and the numbers 7, 8 and 9 are a third group of intervals.
The low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter reading method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: reading the data of the lower order of the mechanical counting mechanism in a photoelectric direct reading mode;
step two: judging the section where the highest bit in the low-bit data read in the step one is located;
step three: repeating the first step and the second step at intervals of t;
step four: and D, calculating the high-order data without the mechanical counting mechanism from the low order to the high order in sequence according to the interval where the highest order in the multiple groups of low-order data obtained in the step three is located, storing the high-order data into a nonvolatile memory of the microprocessor, and directly reading the value as output during reading.
The low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter is provided with a mechanical counting mechanism on a unit, ten or hundred digit print wheel (including but not limited to), and the mechanical counting mechanism comprises a photoelectric transmitting tube and a receiving tube.
Obtaining the maximum value V of the difference value of two readings of the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter according to the interval time t in the step threemaxI.e. two consecutive water meter readings V separated by a time ttV is more than or equal to 0t≤VmaxThen, the highest bit in the lower bit data of the electro-optical read is set by (equation 1),
the higher bits are not provided with photosensors. Maximum value V of adjacent two-time meter reading value difference of photoelectric direct-reading water metermaxIn relation to the reading time interval, the greater the time interval, VmaxThe larger, the smaller the time interval, VmaxThe smaller.
The third step of judging the section where the highest bit in the low-bit data is located includes the following steps:
(1) the highest reading v in the low order datai(0≤vi9) in the first group of intervals is set as flag1, and in the third group of intervals is marked as flag 2;
(2) judgment of viWhen 0 is less than or equal to v i2 or less, 1 is contained in the flag1, and 0 is contained in the flag1 otherwise; when v is more than or equal to 7i9 or less, 1 is contained in the flag2, and 0 is contained in the flag2 otherwise;
(3) flags 1 and flag2 are stored in the non-volatile memory of the microprocessor and the values stored in the non-volatile memory are modified each time a change occurs.
That is, when flag1 is 1 and flag2 is 0, 0 ≦ vi≤2；
When the flag1 is equal to 0 and the flag2 is equal to 0, then 3 is less than or equal to vi≤6；
When the flag1 is equal to 0 and the flag2 is equal to 1, then 7 is less than or equal to vi≤9。
In the fourth step, calculating the high-order data without the mechanical counting mechanism from the low-order to the high-order comprises the following steps:
A. judging whether the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter is in forward transmission or reverse transmission according to the highest-order reading in the multiple groups of low-order data, wherein the reading value of the high-order data is changed by +1 (when the high-order data is positively transmitted, the reading is increased in the direction of + 1) or-1 (when the high-order data is reversely transmitted, the reading is decreased in the direction of-1);
B. the reading of the highest position in the multi-group low-position data falls in one of three intervals of [0,2], [3,6] and [7,9], the forward direction of the reading sequentially passes through the three intervals, the water meter is judged to rotate forward to obtain high-position data +1, the reverse direction of the reading sequentially passes through the three intervals, and the high-position data-1 is obtained;
C. the data of higher order is read in accordance with the count of higher order data increased and decreased by the number of times.
Further, by controlling the reading interval time t, the reading difference is narrowed, and high-order data not provided with the mechanical counting mechanism is calculated.
Further, the reading of the highest bit in the plurality of sets of low data falls within one of three intervals [0,2], [3,6], [7,9] one or more times.
The beneficial technical effects obtained by adopting the technical scheme are as follows:
firstly, the high-order (one or more, not set with photoelectric sensor) reading of the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter reading method is calculated according to the low-order (set with photoelectric sensor), the high-order is not set with photoelectric sensor, the photoelectric sensing devices (transmitting tube and receiving tube) are saved, the cost of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter is obviously reduced, and the hardware redundancy is eliminated.
Secondly, the high position is not provided with the photoelectric sensor, so that the space occupation of parts of the photoelectric sensor is reduced, and the installation and the production are more convenient.
Moreover, a photoelectric sensor is not arranged at the high position, so that the occupation of an I/O serial port of the microprocessor is reduced, the selection of the photoelectric direct-reading microprocessor is more flexible, and the requirement on the microprocessor is reduced.
Meanwhile, the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter reading method improves the reliability of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter and reduces the fault rate of the water meter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a mechanical counting structure of a photoelectric direct-reading water meter.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the reading principle of a correlation photoelectric direct-reading water meter.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a reading structure of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the setting of the reading mark of the water meter.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the calculation process of the high data of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 3 to 5:
a low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter reading method is characterized in that a mechanical counting mechanism is arranged at the lower order of the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter, a mechanical counting structure is not arranged at the higher order, the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter is provided with the mechanical counting mechanism at a unit, ten or hundred-position wheel (including but not limited to a unit, ten or hundred-position wheel), and the mechanical counting mechanism comprises a photoelectric transmitting tube and a receiving tube.
The dial provided with the mechanical counting mechanism is divided into 3 groups of intervals, wherein, the numbers 0, 1 and 2 are a first group of intervals, the numbers 3, 4, 5 and 6 are a second group of intervals, and the numbers 7, 8 and 9 are a third group of intervals, as shown in fig. 4.
The reading method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and reading the data of the lower order of the mechanical counting mechanism by adopting a photoelectric direct reading mode.
The water meter has several data bits, such as units, tens, hundreds, thousands, etc., the household water meter has 4 bits, and other water meters, such as the pipeline trunk line, have 6 or more bits.
As shown in fig. 3, the reading structure of the 4-digit photoelectric direct-reading water meter is schematically illustrated, wherein the unit digit and the ten digit are provided with a photoelectric transmitting tube and a photoelectric receiving tube, and the hundreds digit and the thousands digit are not provided with a mechanical counting structure.
Step two: and D, judging the section where the highest bit in the low-bit data read in the step one is located.
The step of judging the section where the highest bit in the low-bit data is located comprises the following steps:
(1) the highest reading v in the low order datai(0≤vi9) in the first group of intervals is set as flag1, and in the third group of intervals is marked as flag 2;
(2) judgment of viWhen 0 is less than or equal to v i2 or less, 1 is contained in the flag1, and 0 is contained in the flag1 otherwise; when v is more than or equal to 7i9 or less, 1 is contained in the flag2, and 0 is contained in the flag2 otherwise;
(3) flags 1 and flag2 are stored in the non-volatile memory of the microprocessor and the values stored in the non-volatile memory are modified each time a change occurs.
I.e. when flag1When flag2 is equal to 0, v is equal to 0 ≦ vi≤2；
When the flag1 is equal to 0 and the flag2 is equal to 0, then 3 is less than or equal to vi≤6；
When the flag1 is equal to 0 and the flag2 is equal to 1, then 7 is less than or equal to vi≤9。
Step three: and repeating the first step and the second step at intervals of t.
Obtaining the maximum value V of the difference value of two readings of the photoelectric water meter according to the interval time t between the readings of the photoelectric direct-reading water metermaxI.e. two consecutive water meter readings V separated by a time ttV is more than or equal to 0t≤VmaxThen, the highest bit in the lower bit data of the electro-optical read is set by (equation 1),
the higher bits are not provided with photosensors. Maximum value V of adjacent two-time meter reading value difference of photoelectric direct-reading water metermaxIn relation to the reading time interval, the greater the time interval, VmaxThe larger, the smaller the time interval, VmaxThe smaller.
VmaxMay determine the most significant bit in the lower data of the electro-optical read, i.e. the photo-sensor sets several bits. But if two adjacent water meter readings V with interval time t exist in a certain readingtGreater than VmaxThe case (1). Preferably, the time interval between two times of reading the meter is shortened, so that the number of bits for setting the photoelectric sensor can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the hardware consumption is reduced. The difference value V of the readings of the adjacent water meterstLess than VmaxThis is relatively easy to implement in an automatic meter reading system.
Step four: and D, calculating the high-order data without the mechanical counting mechanism from the low order to the high order in sequence according to the interval where the highest order in the multiple groups of low-order data obtained in the step three is located, storing the high-order data into a nonvolatile memory of the microprocessor, and directly reading the value as output during reading.
The step of calculating the high-order data without the mechanical counting mechanism from the low-order to the high-order comprises the following steps:
A. judging whether the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter is in forward transmission or reverse transmission according to the highest-order reading in the multiple groups of low-order data, wherein the reading value of the high-order data is changed through +1 (when the water meter is in forward transmission, the reading is increased in the direction of + 1) or-1 (when the water meter is in reverse transmission, the reading is reduced in the direction of-1);
B. the reading of the highest position in the multi-group low-position data falls in one of three intervals (which can fall in the interval once or for multiple times) of [0,2], [3,6] and [7,9], the forward direction sequence of the reading passes through the three intervals, the water meter can be judged to rotate forwards, and the high-position data +1 can be obtained, and the reverse direction sequence of the reading passes through the three intervals, the water meter can be judged to rotate backwards, and the high-position data-1 can be obtained;
C. the data of higher order is read in accordance with the count of higher order data increased and decreased by the number of times.
And (4) reducing the reading difference by controlling the reading interval time t, and calculating high-order data without a mechanical counting mechanism. The smaller the meter interval time, the smaller the difference in readings.
As shown in fig. 3, the photoelectric sensors are arranged for the units and the tens, the photoelectric sensors can be used for reading the value of the tens, the tens reading of the water meter certainly falls in one of three intervals of [0,2], [3,6], [7,9] (can fall in the interval once or more), but as long as the reading passes through the three intervals in the forward sequence, the water meter can be judged to rotate forwards, and then the +1 of the hundreds can be obtained. As long as the reading reversely passes through the three intervals, the water meter can be judged to be reversely rotated, and the hundred digits are-1.
Meanwhile, the condition that the water meter rotates in the forward direction and rotates in the reverse direction at intervals is also included. Whether the water meter rotates in the forward direction, rotates in the reverse direction or rotates in the forward direction and rotates in the reverse direction at intervals, as long as the water meter sets the highest position (ten positions in the case) of the photoelectric sensor, the highest position occurs in three intervals in sequence, for example, the current reading is in the 2 nd interval, the later reading data is required to occur in the 1 st interval or the 3 rd interval, the higher position (hundred positions) reading can be calculated according to the steps when the interval time of the reading meter is controlled to be shorter and the difference of the reading is smaller. According to the counting increase and decrease times of the hundred-bit data, the thousand-bit reading can be calculated.
The reading process is shown in FIG. 5, where d is the data bit to be calculatedj(d3Is hundreds position d4One thousand locations.).
For example, in a certain meter reading system of the photoelectric direct reading type water meter, the number of digits of the photoelectric direct reading type water meter is 4, namely, thousand digits, hundred digits, ten digits and one digit. The interval between the readings is set to 1 day, Vmaxt＜30m3According to the formula 1, in this case, the highest position of the photoelectric sensor (transmitting and receiving tube) is set to be hundreds, and the photoelectric sensor at thousands is omitted.
And directly reading the data of hundreds, tens and units, and calculating the thousands of bits according to the reading method of the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter. At this time, the data bit d to be calculated in FIG. 5j＝d4。
The low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter reading method reduces a photoelectric sensor (a plurality of pairs of photoelectric transmitting tubes and photoelectric receiving tubes) at thousands of positions, does not need to read thousands of positions, reduces occupation of an I/O port of a microprocessor, improves reliability of the photoelectric direct-reading water meter, occupies less space, and is more convenient to install.
It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A reading method of a low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter is characterized in that a mechanical counting mechanism is arranged at the lower order of the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter, and a mechanical counting mechanism is not arranged at the higher order;
dividing a dial provided with a mechanical counting mechanism into 3 groups of intervals, wherein numerals 0, 1 and 2 are a first group of intervals, numerals 3, 4, 5 and 6 are a second group of intervals, and numerals 7, 8 and 9 are a third group of intervals;
the reading method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: reading the data of the lower order of the mechanical counting mechanism in a photoelectric direct reading mode;
step two: judging the section where the highest bit in the low-bit data read in the step one is located;
step three: repeating the first step and the second step at intervals of t;
step four: and D, calculating the high-order data without the mechanical counting mechanism from the low order to the high order in sequence according to the interval where the highest order in the multiple groups of low-order data obtained in the step three is located, storing the high-order data into a nonvolatile memory of the microprocessor, and directly reading the value as output during reading.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low cost photoelectric direct reading water meter is provided with a mechanical counting mechanism on a unit, tens or hundreds print wheel (including but not limited to), the mechanical counting mechanism includes a photoelectric sensor.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maximum value V of the difference between two readings of the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter is obtained according to the interval t in step threemaxI.e. two consecutive water meter readings V separated by a time ttV is more than or equal to 0t≤VmaxThen, the highest bit in the lower bit data of the electro-optical read is set by (equation 1),
the higher bits are not provided with photosensors.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said photoelectric direct-reading water meter has a maximum value V of the difference between two adjacent readingsmaxIn relation to the reading time interval, the greater the time interval, VmaxThe larger, the smaller the time interval, VmaxThe smaller.
5. The method for reading a low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter according to claim 1, wherein the step two of determining the section where the highest position in the low-level data is located comprises the following steps:
(1) the highest reading v in the low order datai(0≤vi9) in the first group of intervals is set as flag1, and in the third group of intervals is marked as flag 2;
(2) judgment of viWhen 0 is less than or equal to vi2 or less, 1 is contained in the flag1, and 0 is contained in the flag1 otherwise; when v is more than or equal to 7i9 or less, 1 is contained in the flag2, and 0 is contained in the flag2 otherwise;
(3) flags 1 and 2 are stored in the non-volatile memory of the microprocessor and the values stored in the non-volatile memory are modified each time a reading changes.
6. A method for reading a low cost photoelectric direct reading water meter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step four of calculating the high order data without a mechanical counting mechanism from the low order to the high order comprises the steps of:
A. judging whether the low-cost photoelectric direct-reading water meter is in forward transmission or reverse transmission according to the highest-order reading in the multiple groups of low-order data, wherein the reading value of the high-order data is changed by +1 (when the high-order data is positively transmitted, the reading is increased in the direction of + 1) or-1 (when the high-order data is reversely transmitted, the reading is decreased in the direction of-1);
B. the reading of the highest position in the multi-group low-position data falls in one of three intervals of [0,2], [3,6] and [7,9], the forward direction of the reading sequentially passes through the three intervals, the water meter is judged to rotate forwards to obtain high-position data +1, the reverse direction of the reading sequentially passes through the three intervals, and the high-position data-1 is obtained;
C. the data of the higher order is read in accordance with the count-up or count-down of the higher order data.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the high order data without mechanical counting mechanism is calculated by controlling the interval t of reading to reduce the difference of reading.
8. A low cost photoelectric direct reading water meter reading method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the highest reading of the multiple sets of low data falls within one of three intervals [0,2], [3,6], [7,9] one or more times.
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| CN111340018A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-06-26 | 南昌冠东科技有限公司 | Meter reading system and method using sensor |
| CN112729437A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 连云港腾越电子科技有限公司 | Fault self-detection water meter |
| CN113670400A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-19 | 浙江威星智能仪表股份有限公司 | Counting method of long-power-supply diaphragm gas meter photoelectric direct-reading counter |
| CN113701840A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-11-26 | 成都千嘉科技有限公司 | Photoelectric direct-reading-based correction method for abnormal reading of intelligent remote-transmission gas meter |
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