CN111121451A - Processing method for firing refractory balls by using tunnel kiln - Google Patents
Processing method for firing refractory balls by using tunnel kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN111121451A CN111121451A CN202010086799.6A CN202010086799A CN111121451A CN 111121451 A CN111121451 A CN 111121451A CN 202010086799 A CN202010086799 A CN 202010086799A CN 111121451 A CN111121451 A CN 111121451A
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- tunnel kiln
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- refractory balls
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- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
- F27B9/021—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces having two or more parallel tracks
- F27B9/025—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces having two or more parallel tracks having two or more superimposed tracks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
- F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
- F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B9/38—Arrangements of devices for charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B9/38—Arrangements of devices for charging
- F27B2009/382—Charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B9/38—Arrangements of devices for charging
- F27B2009/384—Discharging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory ball preparation, in particular to a processing method for firing refractory balls by using a tunnel kiln, wherein the refractory balls are fired by using a double-layer tunnel kiln, and the double-layer tunnel kiln comprises a lower tunnel kiln, an upper tunnel kiln, a first communicating pipe and a second communicating pipe; the top of the lower tunnel kiln is provided with an upper tunnel kiln, an air outlet of the lower tunnel kiln is communicated with an air inlet of the upper tunnel kiln through a first communicating pipe, and an air outlet of the upper tunnel kiln is communicated with an air inlet of the waste gas treatment equipment through a second communicating pipe; a bearing kiln tool and a supporting kiln tool for bearing refractory balls are arranged in the lower tunnel kiln; the method sequentially comprises the following steps: a. loading; b. drying; c. unloading; d. loading into a kiln; e. and (4) firing. The refractory ball sintered by the double-layer tunnel kiln can reach the industrial standard, and simultaneously reduces the consumption of natural gas and saves the quantity by about 10-30 percent compared with sintering kilns with other structures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of refractory balls, in particular to the technical field of a processing method for firing refractory balls by using a tunnel kiln.
Background
The tunnel kiln is a long straight tunnel, is a tunnel-like kiln built by refractory materials, heat-insulating materials and building materials and internally provided with delivery vehicles such as kiln cars and the like, and is modern continuous-firing thermal equipment. Mainly comprises a kiln body, conveying equipment in the kiln, a fuel combustion system and ventilation equipment.
Because of the excellent performance of the tunnel kiln in continuously firing refractory materials, the tunnel kiln is widely applied to the field of firing refractory bricks, and the tunnel kiln is continuously used in the field of firing refractory balls along with the continuous development of technical innovation at present. When the existing refractory brick is fired, the existing refractory brick is firstly dried to primarily remove moisture, and then is sent to a firing kiln to complete firing, and the firing kiln and the drying kiln which are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction are directly adopted, so that the occupied area is increased; meanwhile, the distance exists between the drying kiln and the firing kiln, and the refractory balls are spherical, so that inconvenience is caused during conveying, drying and firing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method for firing refractory balls by using a tunnel kiln, and the processing method is simple and practical, and the drying kiln and the firing kiln adopt an upper-lower double-layer structure, so that the occupied area is saved, and meanwhile, the dried refractory balls are conveniently loaded in a bearing kiln tool of the firing kiln for continuous firing, so that the energy consumption is greatly saved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the processing method for firing the refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln comprises the steps of firing the refractory balls by using a double-layer tunnel kiln, wherein the double-layer tunnel kiln comprises a lower tunnel kiln, an upper tunnel kiln, a first communicating pipe and a second communicating pipe; the top of the lower tunnel kiln is provided with an upper tunnel kiln, an air outlet of the lower tunnel kiln is communicated with an air inlet of the upper tunnel kiln through a first communicating pipe, and an air outlet of the upper tunnel kiln is communicated with an air inlet of the waste gas treatment equipment through a second communicating pipe; a bearing kiln tool and a supporting kiln tool for bearing refractory balls are arranged in the lower tunnel kiln; the method sequentially comprises the following steps:
a. loading: loading the wet refractory ball blank formed by pressing into a kiln car 10;
b. drying: the kiln car 10 loaded with the wet refractory ball blank is sent into the upper tunnel kiln 2 for drying at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 300 ℃;
c. unloading: the dried kiln car is pushed out from the discharge end of the upper tunnel kiln 2, and the dried refractory balls are discharged to the feed end of the lower tunnel kiln 1;
d. and (3) kiln loading: loading the dried refractory balls on a bearing kiln tool 12 and a supporting kiln tool 13, and pushing the bearing kiln tool 12 loaded with the refractory balls into the lower tunnel 1 for firing;
e. firing: the fire-resistant balls are continuously fired in the lower tunnel kiln 1 for 40 to 60 hours by adopting a stepping fire-resistant ball conveying mode to finish firing; from the feeding end to the discharging end, the temperature in the lower tunnel kiln 1 is increased from 300 ℃ to 1400-1600 ℃ and then is continuously decreased to 100-200 ℃.
Furthermore, the bottom area of the upper tunnel kiln is smaller than that of the lower tunnel kiln, the upper tunnel kiln is positioned in the middle of the top of the lower tunnel kiln, and the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln and the discharging end of the lower tunnel kiln are positioned at the same end of the upper tunnel kiln;
a first guide rail for conveying kiln cars is arranged at the bottom of the upper tunnel kiln;
a second hydraulic push rod, a first ferry vehicle and a second guide rail are arranged at the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln; the second guide rail is perpendicular to the first guide rail, and a first ferry vehicle is arranged on the second guide rail; a second hydraulic push rod is arranged beside the second guide rail and on one side far away from the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln, and the pushing end of the hydraulic push rod points to the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln;
a second ferry vehicle and a third guide rail are arranged at the discharge end of the upper tunnel kiln, the third guide rail is perpendicular to the first guide rail, and the second ferry vehicle is arranged on the third guide rail;
arranging a first lifting platform, a second lifting platform and a fourth guide rail beside the lower tunnel kiln; the fourth guide rail is arranged in parallel with the first guide rail, a first lifting platform and a second lifting platform are arranged at two ends of the fourth guide rail respectively, and the first lifting platform and the second lifting platform are close to the discharge end and the feed end of the upper tunnel kiln respectively.
Furthermore, a material collecting hopper is arranged above the feeding end of the lower tunnel kiln, and a feeding hole of the material collecting hopper is positioned above the lower tunnel kiln and on one side of the third guide rail, which is far away from the upper tunnel kiln; the lower part of the aggregate bin is provided with an aggregate bin discharge port which is communicated with the discharge channel, and a baffle is arranged at the communication position of the aggregate bin discharge port and the discharge channel.
Further, along the conveying direction of the refractory balls, the lower tunnel kiln is sequentially divided into a feeding end at about 300 ℃, a preheating zone at 1000 ℃, a transition zone at 1000 ℃, 1400 ℃, a high temperature zone at 1400 ℃, 1300 ℃, a heat preservation zone at 1400 ℃, 700 ℃, a cooling zone at 1000 ℃, 700 ℃, a cooling zone at 600 ℃, 200 ℃ and a discharging end at 200 ℃, 100 ℃.
Furthermore, along the conveying direction of the refractory balls, the kiln bottom plate of the lower tunnel kiln is obliquely arranged, and the position of the kiln bottom plate at the feed inlet of the lower tunnel kiln is higher than the position of the kiln bottom plate at the discharge outlet of the lower tunnel kiln; the length of the lower tunnel kiln is 40-60 meters; wherein the total length of the transition zone, the high-temperature zone and the heat preservation zone is 20-30 m; the total length of the cooling zone, the cooling zone and the discharge end is 10-20 m.
Furthermore, a plurality of burners are respectively arranged in kiln body walls on two sides of the transition zone, the high-temperature zone and the heat preservation zone in the lower tunnel kiln; the burners are positioned at the same height and are arranged in a crossed and opposite mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can at least achieve one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the refractory ball sintered by the double-layer tunnel kiln can reach the industrial standard, and simultaneously reduces the consumption of natural gas and saves the quantity by about 10-30 percent compared with sintering kilns with other structures.
2. The upper and lower double-layer tunnel kilns are arranged, so that the occupied area is greatly saved.
3. The lifting platform, the ferry vehicle and the guide rail are arranged, so that the refractory balls of the upper tunnel kiln can be conveniently conveyed.
4. Set up the guardrail on lift platform, reduce the potential safety hazard that the car transportation process of putting out produced.
5. The upper part of the feeding end of the lower tunnel kiln is provided with the aggregate bin, so that the dried refractory balls can be conveniently conveyed and loaded into the lower tunnel kiln.
6. The movable plate is arranged at the bottom of the kiln car, so that the kiln car after being dried can be conveniently unloaded.
7. Through optimizing the temperature distribution structure in the lower tunnel kiln, the sintering quality of the refractory balls is improved.
8. The burners which are distributed in a cross mode are arranged, so that the uniformity of temperature distribution is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another view angle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 4.
In the figure: 1-placing a tunnel kiln; 11-a first hydraulic ram; 12-carrying kiln furniture; 13-supporting the kiln furniture; 2, placing the tunnel kiln; 21-a second hydraulic push rod; 22-a first ferry vehicle; 24-a second ferry vehicle; 25-a first guide rail; 26-a second guide rail; 27-a third guide rail; 3-a first communicating pipe; 4-a second communicating pipe; 5-a first lifting platform; 51-a first lift platform carrier plate; 6-a second lifting platform; 61-a second lifting platform carrying plate; 7-a collection hopper; 71-a discharge hole of a collecting hopper; 72-a baffle; 74-a discharge channel; 8-a fourth guide rail; 9-a guardrail; 10-kiln car; 101-a movable plate; 102-a hinge; 103-latch.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-3, a processing method for firing refractory balls by using a tunnel kiln, in which the refractory balls are fired by using a double-layer tunnel kiln, the double-layer tunnel kiln comprises a lower tunnel kiln 1, an upper tunnel kiln 2, a first communicating pipe 3 and a second communicating pipe 4; the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1 is provided with an upper tunnel kiln 2, an air outlet of the lower tunnel kiln 1 is communicated with an air inlet of the upper tunnel kiln 2 through a first communicating pipe 3, and an air outlet of the upper tunnel kiln 2 is communicated with an air inlet of waste gas treatment equipment through a second communicating pipe 4; a bearing kiln tool 12 and a supporting kiln tool 13 for bearing refractory balls are arranged in the lower tunnel kiln 1; the method sequentially comprises the following steps:
a. loading: loading the wet refractory ball blank formed by pressing into a kiln car 10;
b. drying: the kiln car 10 loaded with the wet refractory ball blank is sent into the upper tunnel kiln 2 for drying at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 300 ℃;
c. unloading: the dried kiln car is pushed out from the discharge end of the upper tunnel kiln 2, and the dried refractory balls are discharged to the feed end of the lower tunnel kiln 1;
d. and (3) kiln loading: loading the dried refractory balls on a bearing kiln tool 12 and a supporting kiln tool 13, and pushing the bearing kiln tool 12 loaded with the refractory balls into the lower tunnel 1 for firing;
e. firing: the fire-resistant balls are continuously fired in the lower tunnel kiln 1 for 40 to 60 hours by adopting a stepping fire-resistant ball conveying mode to finish firing; from the feeding end to the discharging end, the temperature in the lower tunnel kiln 1 is increased from 300 ℃ to 1400-1600 ℃ and then is continuously decreased to 100-200 ℃.
The lower tunnel kiln 1 is a linear tunnel kiln and is a firing kiln, and comprises a kiln body, a fuel combustion system, ventilation equipment and other necessary working facilities for firing refractory balls; the upper tunnel kiln 2 is a linear tunnel kiln, is a drying kiln, comprises necessary working facilities such as a kiln body, ventilation equipment and the like, and is used for drying wet refractory ball blanks; an upper tunnel kiln 2 is arranged on the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1 and parallel to the kiln body of the lower tunnel kiln, and the bottom of the kiln body of the upper tunnel kiln 2 is superposed with the top of the kiln body of the lower tunnel kiln 1; the exhaust equipment arranged on the kiln body of the lower tunnel kiln 1 is used for exhausting the waste heat and the waste gas generated in the lower tunnel kiln 1 out of the kiln body; a drying air inlet is arranged at the discharge end of the upper tunnel kiln 2, a drying air outlet is arranged at the feed end of the upper tunnel kiln 2, and corresponding ventilation equipment is arranged to complete the flow of drying air; the waste gas treatment equipment is a dust remover and a desulfurizing tower and is used for treating and then discharging dust-containing and sulfur-containing waste gas generated in the firing process of the refractory balls; because the temperature of the waste heat and exhaust gas discharged by the lower tunnel kiln 1 is 200-350 ℃, and the temperature of the required drying air is required to be about 150-300 ℃ when the upper tunnel kiln 2 dries the wet refractory sphere blank, the exhaust outlet of the waste heat and exhaust gas of the lower tunnel kiln 1 is communicated with the hot air inlet of the upper tunnel kiln 2 through the first communication pipe 3, and corresponding ventilation equipment is equipped, so that the waste heat and exhaust gas generated in the lower tunnel kiln 1 is introduced into the upper tunnel kiln 2 to be used as the source of the drying air of the upper tunnel kiln 2, and is directly used for drying the wet refractory sphere blank, thereby realizing the reutilization of the waste heat and saving energy; the upper and lower double-layer structure is arranged, the highest temperature in the lower tunnel kiln 1 can reach 1600 ℃, the upper tunnel kiln 2 can utilize the heat transferred from the kiln body wall in the working process of the lower tunnel kiln 1, the temperature in the upper tunnel kiln 2 can be promoted, the energy consumption is saved, the occupied area of the double tunnel kilns is saved, and the site area is saved.
Wherein: typical but non-limiting temperatures in step b, drying are for example: 150 ℃, 180 ℃, 210 ℃, 240 ℃, 270 ℃ or 300 ℃.
Typical but not limiting continuous limiting times in the firing of step e are for example: 40 hours, 44 hours, 48 hours, 52 hours, 56 hours, or 60 hours.
Typical but not limiting maximum temperatures in step e, firing are for example: 1400 deg.C, 1440 deg.C, 1480 deg.C, 1520 deg.C, 1560 deg.C or 1600 deg.C.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment optimizes the conveying structure for the above-described embodiment.
According to the processing method for firing refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln, the bottom area of the upper tunnel kiln 2 is smaller than that of the lower tunnel kiln 1, the upper tunnel kiln 2 is positioned in the middle of the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1, and the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln 2 and the discharging end of the lower tunnel kiln 1 are positioned at the same end of the upper tunnel kiln 2;
a first guide rail 25 for conveying the kiln car 10 is arranged at the bottom of the upper tunnel kiln 2;
a second hydraulic push rod 21, a first ferry vehicle 22 and a second guide rail 26 are arranged at the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln 2; the second guide rail 26 is perpendicular to the first guide rail 25, and the first ferry vehicle 22 is arranged on the second guide rail 26; a second hydraulic push rod 21 is arranged at one side, away from the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln 2, of the second guide rail 26, and the pushing end of the hydraulic push rod 21 points to the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln 2;
a second ferry vehicle 24 and a third guide rail 27 are arranged at the discharge end of the upper tunnel kiln 2, the third guide rail 27 is perpendicular to the first guide rail 25, and the second ferry vehicle 24 is arranged on the third guide rail 27;
a first lifting platform 5, a second lifting platform 6 and a fourth guide rail 8 are arranged beside the lower tunnel kiln 1; the fourth guide rail 8 and the first guide rail 25 are arranged in parallel, the first lifting platform 5 and the second lifting platform 6 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the fourth guide rail 8, and the first lifting platform 5 and the second lifting platform 6 are respectively close to the discharge end and the feed end of the upper tunnel kiln 2.
In the figure, the short arrows indicate the direction of conveyance of the refractory balls of the upper tunnel kiln 2; the indication direction of the long shearing head is the conveying direction of the refractory balls of the lower tunnel kiln 1.
The first hydraulic push rod 11 and the second hydraulic push rod 21 are electric hydraulic push rods and are respectively used for providing conveying power for the bearing kiln furniture 12 and the kiln car 10; the supporting kiln tool 13 is of a pipe body structure, is hollow inside and is used for placing refractory balls; the bearing kiln furniture 12 is a plate-type structure with thickness and is used for bearing, conveying and supporting the kiln furniture 13 and the refractory balls; the supporting kiln furniture 13 and the bearing kiln furniture 12 are made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant materials and can be made of silicon carbide materials; the first guide rails 25 are arranged in parallel along the kiln body of the upper tunnel kiln 2 and are used for conveying the kiln car 10; the second guide rail 26 and the third guide rail 27 are respectively arranged at the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1 and are respectively positioned at the feeding end and the discharging end of the upper tunnel kiln 2, a certain distance exists between the first guide rail 25 and the second guide rail 26 and between the first guide rail 25 and the third guide rail 27, the first guide rail 26 and the second guide rail 26 are matched with each other during working and are not mutually influenced, the second guide rail 26 is used for conveying the first ferry vehicle 22, and the third guide rail 27 is used for conveying the second ferry vehicle 24; the first ferry vehicle 22 and the second ferry vehicle 24 are both kiln vehicle ferry vehicles and are used for carrying and conveying the kiln vehicles 10, and the kiln vehicles 10 are box-type kiln vehicles; the first lifting platform 5 and the second lifting platform 6 are both scissor type fixed lifting platforms and are used for conveying the ferry vehicle bearing the kiln vehicle, the top of the first lifting platform 5 is a first lifting platform bearing plate 51, the top of the second lifting platform 6 is a second lifting platform bearing plate 61, when the first lifting platform 5 is lifted to a high position, the upper surface of the first lifting platform bearing plate 51 is basically level with the upper surface of the top of the lower kiln body 1, and a small distance exists between the first lifting platform and the second lifting platform, so that the second ferry vehicle 24 is conveyed to the first lifting platform bearing plate 51 along the third guide rail 27; when the first lifting platform 5 is lowered to the low position, the upper surface of the second ferry vehicle 24 on the first lifting platform bearing plate 51 is basically level with the fourth guide rail 8, so that the kiln vehicle 10 on the second ferry vehicle 24 can be conveyed to the fourth guide rail 8; similarly, the second lifting platform 6 operates as the first lifting platform 5.
When the tunnel kiln works, the lower tunnel kiln 1 and the upper tunnel kiln 2 are both in a normal working state, waste heat and waste gas generated when the refractory balls are fired in the lower tunnel kiln 1 enter the upper tunnel kiln 2 to serve as a drying air source of the upper tunnel kiln 2, and wet blanks of the refractory balls are dried; loading a refractory ball wet blank into a kiln car 10, placing the kiln car 10 to be dried on a fourth guide rail 8 and close to a second lifting platform 6, moving a first ferry car 22 to the second lifting platform 6, lowering the second lifting platform 6 to a low position, moving the kiln car 10 with drying to the first ferry car 22 on the second lifting platform 6, then lifting the second lifting platform 6 to the high position, moving the first ferry car 22 to a second guide rail 26, then moving the first ferry car 22 of the kiln car 10 to the feeding end of the tunnel kiln 2, starting a second hydraulic push rod 21, pushing the kiln car 10 to be dried on the first ferry car 22 into the tunnel kiln 2 along a first guide rail 25 for drying, then moving the unloaded first ferry car 22 to the second lifting platform 6, and waiting for loading a new kiln car 10 to be dried; as the new kiln car 10 is pushed into the upper tunnel kiln 2, the dried kiln car 10 is pushed out of the upper tunnel kiln 2, then the dried kiln car 10 is moved to the second ferry vehicle 24, the first lifting platform 5 is lifted to a high position, the second ferry vehicle 24 loaded with the dried kiln car 10 is moved to the first lifting platform 5, then the first lifting platform 5 is lowered to a low position, the dried kiln car 10 is conveyed to the fourth guide rail 8, and the kiln car is ready for firing; and then the first lifting platform 5 carrying the no-load second ferry vehicle 24 is lifted to a high position, the second ferry vehicle 24 is moved to the discharge end of the upper tunnel kiln 2, and the kiln vehicle 10 which is dried is waited to be conveyed. Laying a bearing kiln tool 12 at the bottom of the feeding end of the lower tunnel kiln 1, arranging two rows of supporting kiln tools 13 on two sides of the bearing kiln tool 12 side by side, filling dried refractory balls in a hollow part of each supporting kiln tool 13, filling the refractory balls in a space formed by the two rows of supporting kiln tools 13 and the bearing kiln tool 12, pushing the bearing kiln tool 12 into the lower tunnel kiln 1 through a first hydraulic push rod 11, and finishing firing of the refractory balls; and (3) at the discharge end of the lower tunnel kiln 1, collecting the fired refractory balls, and after the support kiln furniture 13 and the bearing kiln furniture 12 are moved away, conveying the refractory balls to the feed end of the lower tunnel kiln 1 for cyclic utilization, thereby completing firing. The first lifting platform 5, the second lifting platform 6, the first ferry vehicle 22, the second ferry vehicle 24 and the guide rails which work in a matching mode are used for completing the material conveying work of the upper tunnel kiln 2, and the operation is convenient and fast.
The lower tunnel kiln 1 is a linear tunnel kiln and comprises a kiln body, a fuel combustion system, ventilation equipment and other necessary working facilities; the kiln bottom plate is hermetically connected with the kiln body of the lower tunnel kiln 1; the supporting kiln tool 13 is of a pipe body structure, is hollow inside and is used for placing refractory balls; the bearing kiln furniture 12 is a plate-type structure with thickness and is used for bearing, conveying and supporting the kiln furniture 13 and the refractory balls; the supporting kiln furniture 13 and the bearing kiln furniture 12 are made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant materials and can be made of silicon carbide materials; the contact surface of the kiln bottom plate and the bearing kiln furniture 12 is smooth so as to reduce the friction force generated between the bearing kiln furniture 12 and the kiln bottom plate when the bearing kiln furniture 12 moves on the kiln bottom plate; the hydraulic push rod 11 is an electric hydraulic push rod and is used for providing moving power for the bearing kiln furniture 12.
When in work, the lower tunnel kiln 1 is in a working state; a plurality of bearing kiln furniture 12 are laid on a kiln bottom plate at a feed inlet of the lower tunnel kiln 1 side by side along the conveying direction of the refractory balls, two adjacent bearing kiln furniture 12 are mutually abutted, and two ends of each bearing kiln furniture 12 are close to the inner walls of two sides of the lower tunnel kiln 1; two rows of supporting kiln furniture 13 are respectively arranged on the bearing kiln furniture 12 and close to two inner side walls of the tunnel kiln body, the top of each supporting kiln furniture 13 is lower than the height of the inner top wall of the tunnel kiln body, so that the facility in the kiln is prevented from being damaged by collision during movement, and a certain distance is kept between each row of supporting kiln furniture 13 and the inner side wall of the tunnel kiln body through which the supporting kiln furniture is close, so that the work of a nozzle arranged on the inner wall of the kiln is not influenced; and the clearance between two adjacent supporting kilns 13 is smaller than the diameter of the refractory balls, so that the refractory balls are prevented from flowing out from the gap between every two rows of supporting kilns 13; after the supporting kiln furniture 13 and the bearing kiln furniture 12 are placed, operators fill the supporting kiln furniture 13 with refractory balls, and then stack the refractory balls in a space formed between the two rows of supporting kiln furniture 13 and the bearing kiln furniture 12; then, starting the first hydraulic push rod 11, extending the pushing end of the first hydraulic push rod 11 and contacting the bearing kiln furniture 12, and pushing the bearing kiln furniture 13 and the bearing kiln furniture 12 of the refractory balls into the tunnel kiln body; then the pushing end of the first hydraulic push rod 11 retracts to the original position; then, after the bearing kiln furniture 12, the supporting kiln furniture 13 and the refractory balls are placed at the discharge port of the tunnel kiln body again, the first hydraulic push rod 11 is started to push the bearing kiln furniture 12 into the tunnel kiln body, and the firing work of the refractory balls is completed; when continuously firing, the fire-resistant balls which are fired can be continuously pushed into the bearing kiln 12 in the tunnel kiln body to be pushed out of the tunnel kiln body, after the supporting kiln 13 at the outermost end is sequentially moved away by an operator, the fire-resistant balls are separated from the support and fixation of the supporting kiln 13, after the fire-resistant balls which are fired are collected by the operator, the bearing kiln 12 is moved away from the kiln bottom plate, and discharging is completed. And carrying the used supporting kiln furniture 13 and the bearing kiln furniture 12 at the discharge port of the lower tunnel kiln 1 to the feed port of the lower tunnel kiln 1 for recycling. The inclined kiln bottom plate is directly contacted with the bearing kiln furniture 12, and a conveying track and a kiln car are not arranged on the kiln bottom plate, so that the problem that hot gas at the upper part of the tunnel kiln body is poured into the bottom of the kiln car in the conveying process to cause large heat loss in the kiln can be solved; meanwhile, the inclined kiln bottom plate is arranged, so that the pushing effect on the bearing kiln furniture 12 is improved when the first hydraulic push rod 11 works, and the situation that the bearing kiln furniture 12 is pushed immovably is reduced. The multiple bearing kiln furniture 12 are arranged as carriers for bearing and conveying refractory balls, so that operators can carry the bearing kiln furniture 12 at the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the lower tunnel kiln 1 conveniently, and the used bearing kiln furniture 12 can be recycled. The multiple tubular supporting kiln furniture 13 are used as kiln furniture for supporting and fixing the refractory balls, on one hand, a gap exists between two adjacent supporting kiln furniture 13, and when in firing, hot air carrying heat can enter between the refractory balls positioned at the middle lower part in the kiln body from the gap between two adjacent supporting kiln furniture 13, so that the firing effect on the refractory balls can be improved; on the other hand, the hollow part in the tubular support kiln furniture 13 is filled with refractory balls, so that the weight of the tubular support kiln furniture 13 can be improved, and the support stability of the support kiln furniture 13 to the refractory balls is improved; on the other hand, the plurality of tubular supporting kiln furniture 13 are arranged, so that the bearing quantity of the refractory balls can be increased compared with the solid supporting kiln furniture 13, and meanwhile, the carrying operation of operators is facilitated.
Preferably, when the lower tunnel kiln 1 is not continuously fired, corresponding baffles are required to be placed on the bearing kiln 12 at the breaking points of the refractory balls to prevent the refractory balls from rolling freely.
Preferably, the inner roof of the lower tunnel kiln 1 is horizontally arranged along the horizontal direction and is not parallel to the kiln bottom plate.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the kiln bottom plate of the lower tunnel kiln 1 along the horizontal direction is 3-12 degrees, so that the supporting kiln furniture 13 is prevented from easily toppling over or refractory balls roll randomly along the gradient of the kiln bottom plate when the inclination angle of the kiln bottom plate is too large, and the conveying effect of the refractory balls is reduced.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment optimizes the structure of the lifting platform for the above-described embodiments.
In the processing method for firing refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln, the first lifting platform 5 and the second lifting platform 6 are both provided with guardrails 9. In one embodiment, the guard rails 9 are metal rods, and the guard rails are respectively vertically welded at two sides of the first lifting platform bearing plate 51, which are respectively far away from the lower tunnel kiln 1 and the fourth guide rail 8, so that when the first lifting platform 5 works, the guard rails 9 can reduce the potential safety hazard caused by the fact that the second ferry vehicle 24 on the first bearing platform bearing plate 51 is separated from the first lifting platform 5 in the conveying process; in a similar way, the guardrail 9 is arranged on the second lifting platform 6, so that potential safety hazards of the second lifting platform 6 to the first ferry vehicle 22 in the conveying process can be reduced.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1-5, this example optimizes the refractory ball feed configuration for the above examples.
In the processing method for firing refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln, the material collecting hopper 7 is arranged above the feeding end of the lower tunnel kiln 1, and the feeding hole of the material collecting hopper 7 is positioned above the lower tunnel kiln 1 and on one side of the third guide rail 27 far away from the upper tunnel kiln 2; a hopper discharge port 71 is provided below the hopper 7, the hopper discharge port 71 communicates with a discharge passage 74, and a baffle plate 72 is provided at the communication between the hopper discharge port 71 and the discharge passage 74. The aggregate bin 7 is of a bucket structure, and is large at the top and small at the bottom; the baffle 72 is a drawing baffle, is arranged at the discharge port 71 of the collecting hopper and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the discharge port 71 of the collecting hopper; the discharge channel 74 is a canal-shaped channel and is arranged obliquely downwards, and two sides of the discharge channel are provided with flanges, so that the refractory balls flow along the arrangement direction of the discharge channel 74; after the refractory balls in the kiln car 10 dried by the upper tunnel kiln 2 are poured into the aggregate bin 7, the empty kiln car 10 is placed on the second ferry vehicle 24 and then is conveyed to the fourth guide rail 8 through the first lifting platform 5, and a new wet blank of the refractory balls to be dried is waited to be loaded; after the bearing kiln furniture 12 and the supporting kiln furniture 13 are placed at the feeding end of the lower tunnel kiln 1, the discharge hole 71 of the aggregate bin is opened through the baffle 72, the refractory balls in the aggregate bin 7 fall into the hollow part of the supporting kiln furniture 13 and the space formed by the supporting kiln furniture 13 and the bearing kiln furniture 12 along the discharge channel 74, the loading of the refractory balls is completed, after the loading is completed, the discharge hole 71 of the aggregate bin is closed through the baffle 72, the loading is stopped, the bearing kiln furniture 12 which is loaded with the refractory balls and the supporting kiln furniture 13 is pushed into the lower tunnel kiln 1 through the first hydraulic push rod 11, and the firing of the refractory balls is completed. The upper and lower double-layer structures and the spherical characteristics of the refractory balls are utilized, and the refractory balls are greatly convenient to convey.
Preferably, the dried refractory balls have certain hardness, but because the dried refractory balls are not fired, the dried refractory balls have certain brittleness, so that when the dried refractory balls are conveyed through the collecting hopper 7, large collision between the refractory balls and the kiln furniture is avoided as much as possible, the damage of the refractory balls is reduced, and the quality of finished products is improved.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment optimizes the lifting platform structure for the above-described embodiments.
According to the processing method for firing refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln, a third guide rail 27 for conveying a second kiln car 24 is arranged on the first lifting platform 5; a second guide rail 26 for transporting the first kiln car 22 is provided on the second lifting platform 6. The third guide rail 27 arranged on the first lifting platform bearing plate 51 is matched with the third guide rail 27 arranged at the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1 to work, so that the second ferry vehicle 24 can be directly moved from the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1 to the first lifting platform 5 along the third rail 27, and the operation is convenient and fast; when the first lifting platform 5 is lifted to the high position, the upper surface of the first lifting platform bearing plate 51 and the upper surface of the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1 are kept basically flat, and meanwhile, the third guide rail 27 arranged on the first lifting platform bearing plate 51 is in butt joint with the third guide rail 27 arranged on the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1, so that when the second ferry vehicle 24 moves, the second ferry vehicle can move to the first lifting platform 5 from the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1 along the third guide rail 27, or move to the top of the lower tunnel kiln 1 from the first lifting platform 5 along the third guide rail 27, and the operation is convenient and fast. Similarly, a second guide rail 26 is arranged on the second lifting platform 6, so that the first ferry vehicle 22 can be conveniently moved.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment optimizes the kiln car structure for the above-described embodiment.
In the processing method for firing refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln, the height of the feeding hole of the collecting hopper 7 is lower than that of the upper surface of the second ferry vehicle 24, and a movable plate 101 is arranged at the bottom of one side wall of the kiln vehicle 10. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a strip-shaped opening is provided at the bottom of one side wall of the kiln car 10, and a movable plate 101 matched with the opening in size is provided at the opening, the bottom of the movable plate 101 is movably connected with the bottom wall of the kiln car 10 through a hinge 102, and the upper part of the movable plate 101 is movably connected with the side wall of the kiln car 10 through a bolt 103; when the kiln car 10 is normally used, the movable plate 101 is fixed through the bolt 103, refractory balls are loaded in the kiln car 10 and conveyed, when the kiln car 10 is loaded with the refractory balls and is fired, and the refractory balls move to the second ferry car 24, an operator wears a protective facility, manually extracts the bolt 103, turns over the movable plate 101, opens an opening at the bottom of the side wall of the kiln car 10, and falls into the material collecting hopper 7 from the opening at the bottom of the kiln car 10 to finish conveying of the refractory balls; after the refractory balls in the kiln car 10 are emptied, the movable plate 101 is fixed by the bolt 103, and the kiln car 10 continues to load new refractory balls for transportation.
Preferably, when the kiln car 10 is loaded with refractory balls for conveying, and the kiln car 10 is pushed out of the upper tunnel kiln 2, one side provided with the movable plate 101 is located at the side far away from the upper tunnel kiln 2, so that when the movable plate 101 is opened, the refractory balls can fall into the material collecting hopper 7 through the opening of the side wall of the kiln car 10, and the labor and time are saved.
Example 7:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment optimizes the temperature distribution structure of the lower tunnel kiln for the above embodiment.
In the processing method for firing the refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln, along the conveying direction of the refractory balls, the lower tunnel kiln 1 is sequentially divided into a feeding end at about 300 ℃, a preheating zone at 1000 ℃, a transition zone at 1000 ℃, a high-temperature zone at 1400 ℃, a high-temperature zone at 1600 ℃, a heat-preservation zone at 1400 ℃, a cooling zone at 1300 ℃, a cooling zone at 700 ℃, a cooling zone at 600 ℃, a cooling zone at 200 ℃ and a discharging end at 100 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature distribution in the lower tunnel kiln 1 is a continuous distribution, i.e. the temperature is increased in sequence from the feed end to the high temperature zone; the temperature is reduced from the high temperature to the discharge end; and through the push type slow movement, when the refractory balls are fired in the lower tunnel kiln 1, the refractory balls can slowly and fully absorb heat, so that the heat in the whole kiln body is utilized as much as possible, and the sintering quality of products is ensured.
Example 8:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment optimizes the lower tunnel kiln structure for the above-described embodiment.
According to the processing method for firing refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln, along the conveying direction of the refractory balls, the kiln bottom plate of the lower tunnel kiln 1 is obliquely arranged, and the position of the kiln bottom plate at the feed port of the lower tunnel kiln 1 is higher than the position of the kiln bottom plate at the discharge port of the lower tunnel kiln 1; the length of the lower tunnel kiln 1 is 40-60 meters; wherein the total length of the transition zone, the high-temperature zone and the heat preservation zone is 20-30 m; the total length of the cooling zone, the cooling zone and the discharge end is 10-20 m.
Preferably, the speed of pushing the refractory balls by the first hydraulic push rod 11 downwards into the tunnel kiln 1 is 0.8-1.2 m/h, and the sintering quality of the refractory balls is improved by adopting a slow pushing speed.
Example 9:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment optimizes the lower tunnel kiln structure for the above-described embodiment.
In the processing method for firing refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln, a plurality of burners are respectively arranged in kiln body walls at two sides of a transition zone, a high-temperature zone and a heat preservation zone in the lower tunnel kiln 1; the burners are positioned at the same height and are arranged in a crossed and opposite mode. Natural gas combustion is adopted in the lower tunnel kiln 1 as a heat source, and the heat source is provided for the lower tunnel kiln 1 through a burner.
Preferably, the position of the burner is arranged in the middle of the height of the kiln body, so that the uniformity of the upper temperature and the lower temperature in the kiln body is ensured.
Preferably, the number of the burners in the high-temperature zone is more than that of the burners in the transition zone or the holding zone; the requirement of high temperature in the high temperature zone is ensured.
Preferably, the number of the burners in the heat-insulating belt is more than that of the burners in the transition belt; because the waste gas is extracted from the preheating zone of the lower tunnel kiln 1, the heat can be more diffused to the transition zone, so that the number of the burners can be correspondingly reduced in the transition zone, and the consumption of the natural gas is reduced.
The refractory balls continuously fired by the double-layer tunnel kiln can reach the industrial standard, and meanwhile, inclined kiln bottom plates, tubular hollow supporting kiln furniture and bearing kiln furniture are used as basic kiln furniture for conveying the refractory balls for firing, so that the heat utilization rate is improved while the heat loss is reduced; compared with sintering kilns with other structures, the natural gas consumption is reduced, and the saving amount is about 10-30%.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The processing method for firing the refractory balls by using the tunnel kiln comprises the steps of firing the refractory balls by using a double-layer tunnel kiln, wherein the double-layer tunnel kiln comprises a lower tunnel kiln (1), an upper tunnel kiln (2), a first communicating pipe (3) and a second communicating pipe (4); an upper tunnel kiln (2) is arranged at the top of a lower tunnel kiln (1), an air outlet of the lower tunnel kiln (1) is communicated with an air inlet of the upper tunnel kiln (2) through a first communicating pipe (3), and an air outlet of the upper tunnel kiln (2) is communicated with an air inlet of waste gas treatment equipment through a second communicating pipe (4); a bearing kiln tool (12) and a supporting kiln tool (13) for bearing refractory balls are arranged in the lower tunnel kiln (1); the method is characterized in that: the method sequentially comprises the following steps: a. loading: loading the wet refractory ball blank formed by pressing into a kiln car (10); b. Drying: the kiln car (10) loaded with the wet refractory ball blank is sent into the upper tunnel kiln (2) to be dried at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 300 ℃; c. Unloading: the dried kiln car is pushed out from the discharge end of the upper tunnel kiln (2), and the dried refractory balls are discharged to the feed end of the lower tunnel kiln (1); d. And (3) kiln loading: loading the dried refractory balls on a bearing kiln furniture (12) and a supporting kiln furniture (13), and pushing the bearing kiln furniture (12) loaded with the refractory balls into a lower tunnel (1) for firing; e. Firing: a step-by-step refractory ball conveying mode is adopted, and the refractory balls are continuously fired in the lower tunnel kiln (1) for 40-60 hours to finish firing; from the feeding end to the discharging end, the temperature in the lower tunnel kiln (1) is increased from 300 ℃ to 1400-1600 ℃ and then is continuously reduced to 100-200 ℃.
2. The method for processing the refractory balls fired by the tunnel kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom area of the upper tunnel kiln (2) is smaller than that of the lower tunnel kiln (1), the upper tunnel kiln (2) is positioned in the middle of the top of the lower tunnel kiln (1), and the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln (2) and the discharging end of the lower tunnel kiln (1) are positioned at the same end of the upper tunnel kiln (2); a first guide rail (25) for conveying the kiln car (10) is arranged at the bottom of the upper tunnel kiln (2); a second hydraulic push rod (21), a first ferry vehicle (22) and a second guide rail (26) are arranged at the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln (2); the second guide rail (26) is perpendicular to the first guide rail (25), and the first ferry vehicle (22) is arranged on the second guide rail (26); a second hydraulic push rod (21) is arranged beside the second guide rail (26) and on one side far away from the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln (2), and the pushing end of the hydraulic push rod (21) points to the feeding end of the upper tunnel kiln (2); a second ferry vehicle (24) and a third guide rail (27) are arranged at the discharge end of the upper tunnel kiln (2), the third guide rail (27) is perpendicular to the first guide rail (25), and the second ferry vehicle (24) is arranged on the third guide rail (27); a first lifting platform (5), a second lifting platform (6) and a fourth guide rail (8) are arranged beside the lower tunnel kiln (1); fourth guide rail (8) and first guide rail (25) parallel arrangement set up first lift platform (5) and second lift platform (6) respectively at the both ends of fourth guide rail (8), and first lift platform (5) and second lift platform (6) are close to the discharge end and the feed end of last tunnel cave (2) respectively.
3. The method for processing the refractory balls fired by the tunnel kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a material collecting hopper (7) is arranged above the feeding end of the lower tunnel kiln (1), and a feeding hole of the material collecting hopper (7) is positioned above the lower tunnel kiln (1) and on one side of a third guide rail (27) far away from the upper tunnel kiln (2); a collecting hopper discharge port (71) is arranged below the collecting hopper (7), the collecting hopper discharge port (71) is communicated with a discharge channel (74), and a baffle (72) is arranged at the communication position of the collecting hopper discharge port (71) and the discharge channel (74).
4. The method for processing the refractory balls fired by the tunnel kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: along the conveying direction of the refractory balls, the lower tunnel kiln (1) is sequentially divided into a feeding end at about 300 ℃, a preheating zone at 700-.
5. The method for firing refractory balls using a tunnel kiln as claimed in claim 4, wherein: along the conveying direction of the refractory balls, a kiln bottom plate of the lower tunnel kiln (1) is obliquely arranged, and the position of the kiln bottom plate at the feed inlet of the lower tunnel kiln (1) is higher than the position of the kiln bottom plate at the discharge outlet of the lower tunnel kiln (1); the length of the lower tunnel kiln (1) is 40-60 meters; wherein the total length of the transition zone, the high-temperature zone and the heat preservation zone is 20-30 m; the total length of the cooling zone, the cooling zone and the discharge end is 10-20 m.
6. The method for processing the refractory balls fired by the tunnel kiln as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a plurality of burners are respectively arranged in the kiln body walls at the two sides of the transition zone, the high-temperature zone and the heat preservation zone in the lower tunnel kiln (1); the burners are positioned at the same height and are arranged in a crossed and opposite mode.
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| CN111457721A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-07-28 | 郑州兴宝耐火材料有限公司 | Double-layer push plate type tunnel kiln for refractory materials |
| CN112944892A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-11 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Method for eliminating kiln car fault in high-temperature tunnel kiln |
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| CN206192106U (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏华威机械制造有限公司 | Bed is crossed in transition that forge furnace combination stove bottom car followed on ring rail |
| CN208920840U (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-05-31 | 福建科福材料有限公司 | A kind of ceramic kiln |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111457721A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-07-28 | 郑州兴宝耐火材料有限公司 | Double-layer push plate type tunnel kiln for refractory materials |
| CN112944892A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-11 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Method for eliminating kiln car fault in high-temperature tunnel kiln |
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