CN111121294B

CN111121294B - Oiling sleeve of coking heating furnace

Info

Publication number: CN111121294B
Application number: CN201911365362.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈召钦
Original assignee: Beijing Pioneer Energy Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: BEIJING PIONEER ENERGY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.
Priority date: 2019-12-26
Filing date: 2019-12-26
Publication date: 2021-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-26
Also published as: CN111121294A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, and discloses an oil injection sleeve of a coking heating furnace, which comprises a furnace body, a burner and a sleeve, wherein the burner is arranged on the bottom wall of the furnace body, the sleeve is arranged in the furnace body and surrounds the outside of the burner, a first magnetic ring is arranged at each corner of the sleeve, a flow guide pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve in a sliding manner, and second magnetic rings are arranged at two ends of the flow guide pipe. Through the umbrella-shaped design of honeycomb duct lower part decoking umbrella, when making liquid flow from bottom to top, prop open decoking umbrella, make the scraper blade paste the sheathed tube pipe wall, make decoking umbrella and scraper blade jack-up the decoking umbrella from bottom to top along with the power that liquid flows and produce, thereby utilize the dynamics that flows to strike off the soft coking layer on the pipe wall, make the honeycomb duct pipe diameter keep unchangeable, strike off unnecessary pitch simultaneously, make the resistance of pipe wall and crude oil diminish, thereby increase crude oil flow velocity, reduce the pipe wall coking phenomenon.

Description

Oiling sleeve of coking heating furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, in particular to an oil injection sleeve of a coking heating furnace.

Background

The coke heating furnace is one of the important equipments in oil refinery and petrochemical plant, and it uses the high-temperature flame and flue gas produced when fuel is burned in the furnace as heat source to heat the oil product flowing in the furnace tube to the temperature specified by the process, so as to supply the heat required by the crude oil or oil product in the processing process of fractionation, cracking or reaction, etc., and ensure the normal operation of production.

The working principle of the existing coke heating furnace is that heated materials enter a convection section of the heating furnace through a pipeline, the heated materials enter a radiation section after being preheated by the convection section, the heated materials are discharged from the heating furnace after being heated to a required process temperature and enter a post-process system, a burner is arranged at the bottom (side part) of the heating furnace, combustible gas (fuel oil) is combusted by the burner to provide heat for the radiation section, the combusted flue gas enters the convection section after passing through the radiation section, the heat is recovered by the convection section arranged at the upper part of the radiation section due to high temperature of the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to below 300 ℃, and finally the flue gas is discharged through a chimney, the raw material of the delayed coking device takes vacuum residue as the main part, the property of the raw material residue depends on the composition of the residual oil, the raw material contains 4 components of saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, colloid and asphaltene, and the light aromatic hydrocarbon are easy to generate cracking reaction under the heated condition, heavy aromatic hydrocarbon and colloid are easy to generate condensation reaction, asphaltene is the most easily condensed and coked component, when asphalt is heated and melted, the asphalt is adsorbed in crude oil to cause the viscosity of the crude oil to increase, so that the friction between the crude oil and a pipe wall is increased when the crude oil flows, the asphalt is gradually converted from liquid to solid at a lower temperature, the flow of the crude oil is further influenced, viscous asphalt is adsorbed on the pipe wall and is gradually coked along with the rise of the temperature, simultaneously, when a medium flows in a furnace pipe, a transition region, namely a boundary layer exists between the medium and the inner surface of the furnace pipe, the average speed is lower than the main speed of the medium, the flowing state is laminar flow, the average temperature of the boundary layer is higher than the main temperature of the medium, when the temperature of the boundary layer enters the critical temperature range of medium cracking, the coke amount is increased and is increased along with the rise of the temperature, at this moment, the furnace pipe is considered to start coking, after coking occurs in the furnace tube, the flow area is reduced, so that the medium flow resistance is increased, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced, the energy consumption of the device is increased, meanwhile, the heat transfer performance in the furnace tube is deteriorated, the heat resistance is increased, when the medium absorbs the same heat, the temperature of the tube wall of the coking furnace tube is higher than that of the tube wall of the non-coking furnace tube, the strength of the furnace tube is reduced, the oxidation loss is increased, the service life of the furnace tube is shortened, a coking layer is gradually dried and adsorbed on the tube wall and is difficult to remove along with the increase of time, and serious accidents such as furnace tube penetration and the like can be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the background technology, the invention provides the oil injection sleeve of the coking heating furnace, which has the advantages of slowing down the coking degree, keeping the flow smoothness of crude oil and reducing the resistance between the crude oil and the pipe wall, and solves the problems in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: an oil injection sleeve of a coking heating furnace comprises a furnace body, a burner and a sleeve, wherein the burner is arranged on the bottom wall of the furnace body, the sleeve is arranged in the furnace body and surrounds the outside of the burner, first magnetic rings are arranged at the upstream and downstream positions of a pipeline moving by the sleeve, a guide pipe is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, the first magnetic rings are arranged at the upstream and downstream positions of the pipeline moving by the guide pipe, second magnetic rings are arranged at the two ends of the guide pipe, a sliding sleeve positioned above one second magnetic ring is arranged on the guide pipe, positioning seats are arranged at the two sides of the sliding sleeve, the inner wall of each positioning seat is rotatably connected with two positioning rods, positioning plates are fixedly arranged between the two positioning seats and the two positioning rods, a decoking umbrella is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other positioning seat, and is divided into an upper decoking umbrella and a lower decoking umbrella, the outer lane department of upper portion decoking umbrella installs the magnetosphere, the outer wall and the sheathed tube inner wall sliding connection of decoking umbrella, the blowoff valve is installed to the bottom of sleeve pipe return bend.

Preferably, a scraper is bonded to the outer wall of the decoking umbrella, the scraper is in an L shape inclined towards the right, and the scraper is made of hard rubber or hard plastic.

Preferably, the outer wall fixedly connected with spacing seat of decoking umbrella, spacing seat internal rotation is connected with the gag lever post, spacing seat is two with the quantity of gag lever post, two fixed mounting has the limiting plate between spacing seat and the gag lever post, another the side fixedly connected with stop collar of spacing seat, the quantity of decoking umbrella, spacing seat, gag lever post, limiting plate and stop collar is two, two install the spring between the stop collar, install the seal membrane that is located the limiting plate outside between stop collar and the decoking umbrella.

Preferably, the second magnetic ring and the first magnetic ring are in a homopolar repulsion state, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are both circular in shape, the bottom of the second magnetic ring on the draft tube and the top of the decoking umbrella are in a homopolar repulsion state, and the repulsion force of the second magnetic ring and the decoking umbrella is smaller than that generated by the flowing of the raw materials.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. this oiling sleeve pipe of coking heating furnace, through the umbelliform design of honeycomb duct lower part decoking umbrella, when making liquid flow from bottom to top, prop the decoking umbrella open, make the scraper blade paste tight sheathed tube pipe wall, make decoking umbrella and scraper blade jack-up from bottom to top along with the power that liquid flow produced, thereby utilize the dynamics of flowing to strike off the soft coking layer on with the pipe wall, make the honeycomb duct pipe diameter keep unchangeable, strike off unnecessary pitch simultaneously, make the resistance of pipe wall and crude oil diminish, thereby increase crude oil flow velocity, reduce the pipe wall coking phenomenon.

2. The oiling sleeve of the coking heating furnace is characterized in that a limiting sleeve is upwards jacked through the upward moving force of a lower-layer decoking umbrella, so that the upper-layer decoking umbrella is contracted by utilizing the design of a connecting rod, when liquid flows in, a guide pipe is subjected to the principle that gravity and magnetic force repel each other, and the upper-layer second magnetic ring and the decoking umbrella repel each other, so that the upper-layer decoking umbrella is continuously propped open in the descending process, a scraper is contacted with a pipe wall to cover the position where the lower-layer decoking umbrella is not scraped, when the upper-layer decoking umbrella is propped open, the limiting sleeve moves downwards to drive the connecting rod to contract the lower-layer decoking umbrella, a scraped coking layer falls into the bottom of the sleeve, impurities scraped by the lower-layer decoking umbrella are simultaneously removed by utilizing the action of gravity, the cleanness degree of the pipe wall is further improved, the pipe wall is always kept in a better state, the resistance of crude oil and the pipe wall is reduced, and the coking phenomenon of the pipe wall is reduced, thereby increasing the durability of the device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a decoking umbrella;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the descending structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a decoking umbrella;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a furnace body; 2. a burner; 3. a sleeve; 4. a first magnetic coil; 5. a flow guide pipe; 6. a second magnetic ring; 7. a sliding sleeve; 8. positioning seats; 9. positioning a rod; 10. positioning a plate; 11. a decoking umbrella; 12. a limiting seat; 13. a limiting rod; 14. a limiting plate; 15. a limiting sleeve; 16. a sealing film; 17. a squeegee; 18. a spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, an oil injection sleeve of a coking heating furnace comprises a furnace body 1, a burner 2 and a sleeve 3, wherein the burner 2 is installed on the bottom wall of the furnace body 1, the sleeve 3 is installed in the furnace body 1 and surrounds the outside of the burner 2, first magnetic rings 4 are respectively arranged at the upstream and downstream positions of a pipeline in which the sleeve 3 moves, a flow guide pipe 5 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 3, the first magnetic rings 4 are respectively arranged at the upstream and downstream positions of a pipeline in which the flow guide pipe 5 moves, second magnetic rings 6 are respectively installed at two ends of the flow guide pipe 5, a sliding sleeve 7 positioned above one second magnetic ring 6 is installed on the flow guide pipe 5, positioning seats 8 are installed at two sides of the sliding sleeve 7, positioning rods 9 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the positioning seats 8, the number of the positioning seats 8 and the positioning rods 9 is two, and positioning plates 10 are fixedly installed between the two positioning seats 8 and the positioning rods 9, another outer wall fixedly connected with decoking umbrella 11 of positioning seat 8, decoking umbrella 11 divide into upper portion decoking umbrella 11 and lower part decoking umbrella 11, the outer lane department of upper portion decoking umbrella 11 installs the magnetic ring, upper portion decoking umbrella 11 is the opposite form with the umbrella-type design of lower part decoking umbrella 1, the magnetic pole of upper portion second magnetic ring 6 is the repellent state with the magnetic pole of the 11 outer lane magnetic rings of upper portion decoking umbrella, the dynamics that upper portion decoking umbrella 11 and magnetic ring repel each other is less than the dynamics that liquid produced when flowing, it is great to prevent that upper portion decoking umbrella 11 from repelling each other the dynamics, directly prop up upper portion decoking umbrella 11, increase unnecessary resistance, aggravate simultaneously the wearing and tearing of decoking umbrella 11 and scraper blade 17 for when upper portion decoking umbrella 11 does not have the binding power, can expand automatically, thereby strike off the coking layer on upper portion sleeve pipe 3, decoking umbrella 11's outer wall and sleeve pipe 3's inner wall sliding connection, the blowoff valve is installed to the bottom of sleeve pipe 3 return bend, the impurities which are easy to scrape are removed, so that the pipe wall is kept in a clean state.

Wherein, decoking umbrella 11's outer wall bonds there is scraper blade 17, scraper blade 17's shape is "L" form to the right slope, scraper blade 17's material is hard rubber or rigid plastic, scraper blade 17's design can strike off the impurity on the sleeve pipe 3 inner wall fast for scraper blade 17 forms the protruding layer of round in decoking umbrella 11's outer lane department, the scraping of the impurity of being convenient for on the one hand, on the other hand protection decoking umbrella 11 slows down decoking umbrella 11's wearing and tearing, reduce the frictional force of decoking device and sleeve pipe 3 inner wall simultaneously, and scraper blade 17 can be changed at any time, decoking umbrella 11 can strut to the outside all the time simultaneously, after scraper blade 17 wearing and tearing, decoking umbrella 11 struts the angle, continue compensating scraper blade 17 and the contact of sleeve pipe 3 pipe wall, make the decoking effect, keep the state of preferred all the time.

Wherein, the outer wall fixedly connected with spacing seat 12 of decoking umbrella 11, spacing seat 12 internal rotation is connected with gag lever post 13, spacing seat 12 and gag lever post 13 quantity is two, two fixed mounting has limiting plate 14 between spacing seat 12 and the gag lever post 13, another the side fixedly connected with stop collar 15 of spacing seat 12, decoking umbrella 11, spacing seat 12, gag lever post 13, limiting plate 14 and stop collar 15 quantity is two, two install spring 18 between the stop collar 15, install the seal membrane 16 that is located the limiting plate 14 outside between stop collar 15 and the decoking umbrella 11, two stop collars 15 of being convenient for produce the linkage effect, when making lower part stop collar 15 remove, upper portion stop collar 15 makes synchronous motion to control lower part decoking umbrella 11, upper portion decoking umbrella 11 shrink, upper portion decoking umbrella 11 struts, the phenomenon that lower part decoking umbrella 11 shrunk, so that the scraping effect is optimized and the abrasion degree of the decoking umbrella 11 and the inner wall of the sleeve 3 is reduced.

The second magnetic ring 6 and the first magnetic ring 4 are in a homopolar repulsion state, the first magnetic ring 4 and the second magnetic ring 6 are both circular, the bottom of the second magnetic ring 6 on the draft tube 5 and the top of the decoking umbrella 11 are in a homopolar repulsion state, the repulsion force of the second magnetic ring 6 and the decoking umbrella 11 is smaller than the force generated by the flowing of raw materials, the draft tube 5 is suspended in the sleeve 3 when not used, the draft tube 5 is always kept in a standby state, the distance between the draft tube 5 and the first magnetic ring 4 in the upward moving process is shortened and is suspended at the upper part of the sleeve 3, and meanwhile, when the draft tube 5 descends, the descending force is gradually buffered, the draft tube 5 is continuously suspended in the sleeve 3, the first magnetic ring 4 and the second magnetic ring 6 are both permanent magnets, and the magnetic force is relatively large.

The working principle is that when crude oil is injected into the sleeves 3, the crude oil flows from bottom to top through each sleeve 3, in the flowing process, the lower decoking umbrella 11 is opened by utilizing flowing force, in the opening process, the positioning plate 10 is driven to be unfolded so as to drive the sliding sleeve 7 to move upwards, the unfolded decoking umbrella 11 drives the limiting plate 14 to gradually move to a vertical state, the limiting sleeve 15 is jacked up, then the spring 18 is jacked up upwards, the spring 18 releases elasticity to drive the upper limiting sleeve 15 to move upwards, then the upper limiting plate 14 is driven to slide towards two sides, the decoking umbrella 11 is retracted towards the inner side, in the liquid flowing process, the scraper 17 is continuously contacted with the pipe wall of the sleeve 3 so as to scrape the coking layer on the pipe wall, then the guide pipe 5 is moved to the upper part of the sleeve 3, in the moving process, the position of the second magnetic ring 6 is continuously close to the position of the first magnetic ring 4, the generated repulsion force controls the guide pipe 5 to the upper part of the sleeve 3, after liquid flow finishes, honeycomb duct 5 receives the influence of gravity, and the dynamics that upper portion second magnetosphere 6 and decoking umbrella 11 repel each other, drive upper portion decoking umbrella 11 and produce, make upper portion scraper blade 17 and pipe wall contact, continue to strike off pipe wall coking layer, when upper portion decoking umbrella 11 expandes, lower part decoking umbrella 11 receives the effect of connecting rod, to the inboard shrink, in the shrink in-process, the coking layer of striking off receives the influence of gravity and constantly drops downwards, finally assemble at the return bend department of sleeve pipe 3, then open the blowoff valve and can follow the magazine and clear away in the sleeve pipe 3.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an oiling sleeve pipe of coking heating furnace, includes furnace body (1), combustor (2), sleeve pipe (3), and the diapire at furnace body (1) is installed in combustor (2), and sleeve pipe (3) are installed in furnace body (1) and are encircleed the outside at combustor (2), its characterized in that: the device is characterized in that a first magnetic ring (4) is arranged at the upstream and downstream positions of a pipeline for moving the sleeve (3), a guide pipe (5) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve (3), second magnetic rings (6) are mounted at the two ends of the guide pipe (5), the second magnetic rings (6) and the first magnetic rings (4) are in a homopolar repulsion state, a sliding sleeve (7) positioned above one second magnetic ring (6) is mounted on the guide pipe (5), positioning seats (8) are mounted on the two sides of the sliding sleeve (7), positioning rods (9) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of each positioning seat (8), the number of the positioning seats (8) and the number of the positioning rods (9) are two, positioning plates (10) are fixedly mounted between the two positioning seats (8) and the positioning rods (9), a decoking umbrella (11) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other positioning seat (8), and the decoking umbrella (11) is divided into an upper decoking umbrella (11) and a lower decoking umbrella (11), the outer ring of the upper decoking umbrella (11) is provided with a magnetic ring, the outer wall of the decoking umbrella (11) is connected with the inner wall of the sleeve (3) in a sliding way, and the bottom of the elbow of the sleeve (3) is provided with a drain valve;

the umbrella shape of the upper decoking umbrella (11) is opposite to that of the lower decoking umbrella (1), and the magnetic pole of the upper second magnetic ring (6) and the magnetic pole of the magnetic ring on the outer ring of the upper decoking umbrella (11) are in a repellent state;

the decoking umbrella is characterized in that the outer wall of the decoking umbrella (11) is fixedly connected with a limiting seat (12), a limiting rod (13) is rotationally connected in the limiting seat (12), the number of the limiting seats (12) and the number of the limiting rods (13) are two, a limiting plate (14) is fixedly arranged between the two limiting seats (12) and the limiting rod (13), and a limiting sleeve (15) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the other limiting seat (12);

the outer wall of the decoking umbrella (11) is bonded with a scraper (17).

2. The oiling bushing of a coking heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the scraper (17) is in an L shape inclined towards the right, and the scraper (17) is made of hard rubber or hard plastic.

3. The oiling bushing of a coking heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: decoking umbrella (11), spacing seat (12), gag lever post (13), limiting plate (14) are two with the quantity of stop collar (15), two install spring (18) between stop collar (15), install between stop collar (15) and decoking umbrella (11) and be located limiting plate (14) outside seal membrane (16).

4. The oiling bushing of a coking heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of first magnetic ring (4) and second magnetic ring (6) is circular, the bottom of second magnetic ring (6) and the top of decoking umbrella (11) are the homopolar repulsion state on honeycomb duct (5), the dynamics that second magnetic ring (6) and decoking umbrella (11) repel each other is less than the dynamics that raw materials flow and produce.