CN111120869A - A kind of biological natural gas storage system and storage method - Google Patents
A kind of biological natural gas storage system and storage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111120869A CN111120869A CN202010026999.2A CN202010026999A CN111120869A CN 111120869 A CN111120869 A CN 111120869A CN 202010026999 A CN202010026999 A CN 202010026999A CN 111120869 A CN111120869 A CN 111120869A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for storing and using biogas. The gas source pretreatment unit, the hydration unit, the hydrate storage tank and the hydrate decomposer in the system are sequentially connected through a one-way pipeline, and a gas outlet of the hydrate decomposer is butted with a gas discharge pipeline; a valve and an air pressure gauge are arranged on a pipeline between the air source pretreatment unit and the hydration unit; and a mud pump and a valve are arranged on a pipeline between the hydration unit and the hydrate storage tank and a pipeline between the hydrate storage tank and the hydrate decomposer. The method of the invention is based on the same technical principle as the system. According to the invention, the biological natural gas source is subjected to pressurization and precooling pretreatment, so that the hydration reaction efficiency of the biological natural gas can be further improved, and the efficient storage of the biological natural gas is further realized; in addition, the invention has the advantages of economy, safety, high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, strong adaptability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of utilization of biogas energy, and particularly relates to a biogas storage and utilization system and a biogas storage and utilization method.
Background
The biogas refers to a fuel gas converted from biomass, and the main components of the biogas are gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and the like. As a novel energy mode, the biogas is a novel energy comprehensive utilization technology integrating energy conservation and environmental protection. The biogas is purified to obtain high-purity methane, and is a clean energy source with high heat value and no pollution. At present, the biogas mainly takes low-grade heat utilization as a main part, but with the continuous development of biogas technology and biogas engineering, the middle-high end utilization of the biogas is widely concerned, wherein the safe and efficient storage of the biogas becomes an important development direction in the field of biogas utilization in the future.
However, the conventional biogas mainly adopts a gas storage cabinet and a gas storage bag or is stored in a compression mode, and the storage process has the technical problems of high cost, high power consumption, low gas storage efficiency, unstable operation, poor safety and the like, and cannot realize safe and efficient storage of the biogas. Therefore, the development of a novel safe and efficient biogas storage system is urgent, and has important significance for realizing efficient utilization of biogas.
In recent years, chinese patent CN209165023U proposes a natural gas storage device, which is characterized by having a buffer component for preventing knock damage, and being capable of storing and transporting natural gas. Chinese patents CN207364651U and CN209213454U propose a natural gas storage pressurization device, which can realize stable pressurization of natural gas. Chinese patent CN208185876U proposes a natural gas storage tank structure, in which a buffer plate is provided with through holes connected in a through manner, so as to store natural gas. Chinese patent CN207500809U proposes a heat accumulating type natural gas adsorption storage tank, which is characterized in that the temperature in the storage tank during natural gas adsorption and desorption is adjusted by heat accumulating substances. Chinese patent CN110243136A proposes a compound natural gas liquefaction device, which is characterized in that the natural gas is subjected to impurity removal and decarburization treatment by a molecular sieve and a compound adsorption layer in a compound assembly. Chinese patent CN207335280U proposes an energy-saving natural gas liquefaction system, which is characterized in that a waste heat refrigeration device is used to pre-cool natural gas, thereby reducing the power consumption required by subsequent liquefaction.
How to realize the high-efficiency low-cost safe storage of the biogas becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of biogas utilization. The existing methods for storing the biogas have various technologies and methods such as high-pressure storage, liquefied storage and the like, but the technologies have the defects of high cost, high energy consumption, low gas storage efficiency, poor safety performance and the like, so that a high-efficiency biogas storage system with high safety and strong adaptability is urgently needed to be developed, and the utilization value of the biogas is further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for storing biogas, which aims to improve the storage efficiency of the biogas and further reduce the storage cost of the biogas.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for storing biogas, which aims to improve the storage efficiency of biogas and further reduce the storage cost of biogas.
The present invention is achieved as such, a biogas storage system comprising: the gas source pretreatment unit is used for sequentially carrying out pretreatment including buffering, pressurization and precooling on a biological natural gas source, the hydration unit is used for carrying out hydration reaction on the pretreated gas source and a hydration agent to generate a gas hydrate, the hydrate storage tank is used for storing the gas hydrate, and the hydrate decomposer is used for decomposing the gas hydrate into biological natural gas and the hydration agent; the gas source pretreatment unit, the hydration unit, the hydrate storage tank and the hydrate decomposer are sequentially connected through a one-way pipeline, and a gas outlet of the hydrate decomposer is butted with a gas discharge pipeline;
a valve and an air pressure gauge are arranged on a pipeline between the air source pretreatment unit and the hydration unit;
and a mud pump and a valve are arranged on a pipeline between the hydration unit and the hydrate storage tank and a pipeline between the hydrate storage tank and the hydrate decomposer.
Preferably, the gas source pretreatment unit comprises a gas buffer device, a gas supercharger and a gas precooling device which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the gas precooling device is connected with the hydration unit through a one-way pipeline;
a valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on a pipeline between the gas buffering device and the gas booster and a pipeline between the gas booster and the gas precooling device; the gas buffer device is in butt joint with a biological natural gas source pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the pipeline.
Preferably, the hydration unit comprises a hydration reactor and a data acquisition instrument, wherein the data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring and recording temperature and pressure data in the hydration reactor in real time; the hydration reactor is respectively connected with the gas source pretreatment unit and the hydrate storage tank through pipelines.
Preferably, the system further comprises a hydrating agent recovery tank; the hydrate decomposer is in butt joint with a hydrate recovery tank pipeline, and the hydrate recovery tank is externally connected with a hydrate circulating pipeline.
Preferably, the gas source pretreatment unit is used for pressurizing the gas source to 3.0-5.0 MPa and precooling the gas source to 273-279K;
the working pressure in the hydration reactor is not lower than 10MPa, a stirring device is arranged in the hydration reactor, and a gas hydrate generation accelerant with set concentration is added into the hydration reactor.
Preferably, the hydrating agent is water.
The invention further discloses a method for storing and using the biogas, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out pretreatment including buffering, pressurization and precooling on a biological natural gas source;
(2) carrying out hydration reaction on the pretreated gas source and a hydrating agent to generate a gas hydrate and storing the gas hydrate;
(3) and transferring the stored gas hydrate as required and decomposing the gas hydrate into biogas for output through a hydrating agent.
Preferably, in the step (1), the gas source is pressurized to 3.0-5.0 MPa and precooled to 273-279K in the pretreatment.
Preferably, in the step (2), the pretreated gas source is subjected to hydration reaction under the participation of a hydration agent and a gas hydrate generation promoter to generate a gas hydrate under the stirring state with the pressure of not less than 10 MPa.
Preferably, the hydrating agent is water, and the gas hydrate formation promoter is any one of SDS, SDBS, and TBAB.
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a system and a method for storing and using biogas. According to the invention, the biological natural gas source is subjected to buffering, pressurizing and precooling pretreatment, the pretreated biological natural gas can ensure the pressure condition and the temperature condition required by the generation of the gas hydrate before entering the hydration reactor, and reacts with the hydration agent to generate the gas hydrate after entering the hydration reactor, so that the biological natural gas is stored by a hydrate method, the storage efficiency of the biological natural gas can be further improved, and the biological natural gas source is safe and efficient; after generating gas hydrate in the hydration reactor, the biogas is conveyed to a hydrate storage tank through a slurry pump to be stored, and is decomposed again in a hydrate decomposer to generate biogas as required in the biogas supply process, and the generated biogas enters a natural gas conveying pipeline to realize stable gas supply; in addition, the hydrate enters the circulating pipeline after the hydrate is decomposed, so that the hydrate can be recycled, and the storage efficiency of the biogas is further improved.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the biological natural gas source is subjected to pressurization and precooling pretreatment, so that the hydration reaction efficiency of the biological natural gas can be further improved, and the efficient storage of the biological natural gas is further realized;
(2) the hydration agent after the hydrate is decomposed can be recycled, so that the economy of the biological natural gas storage system and the method is further improved;
(3) according to the invention, proper hydrate generation conditions are selected for processing according to the components of the biogas, so that the safe and efficient storage of the biogas is realized;
(4) the invention has the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, high gas storage efficiency, good safety performance and the like, and has strong adaptability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a biogas storage system according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a valve; 2. a gas buffer device; 3. a valve; 4. a pressure gauge; 5. a gas booster; 6. a valve; 7. a pressure gauge; 8. a gas pre-cooling device; 9. a valve; 10. a data acquisition instrument; 11. a pressure gauge; 12. a pressure sensor; 13. a temperature sensor; 14. a valve; 15. a hydration reactor; 16. a slurry pump; 17. a valve; 18. a hydrate storage tank; 19. a slurry pump; 20. a valve; 21. a hydrate decomposer; 22. a valve; 23. a valve; 24; a hydration agent recovery tank; 25. and (4) a valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A biogas storage system, the system comprising: the gas source pretreatment unit is used for sequentially carrying out pretreatment including buffering, pressurization and precooling on a biological natural gas source, the hydration unit is used for carrying out hydration reaction on the pretreated gas source and a hydration agent to generate a gas hydrate, the hydrate storage tank 18 is used for storing the gas hydrate, and the hydrate decomposer 21 is used for decomposing the gas hydrate into biological natural gas and the hydration agent; the gas source pretreatment unit, the hydration unit, the hydrate storage tank and the hydrate decomposer are sequentially connected through a one-way pipeline, and a gas outlet of the hydrate decomposer is in butt joint with a gas discharge pipeline (a valve 22 is arranged on the pipeline); a valve 9 and an air pressure gauge 11 are arranged on a pipeline between the air source pretreatment unit and the hydration unit; and a mud pump 16 and a valve 17 are arranged on a pipeline between the hydration unit and the hydrate storage tank, and a mud pump 19 and a valve 20 are arranged on a pipeline between the hydrate storage tank and the hydrate decomposer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the buffering, pressurizing and precooling operations in the air source pretreatment unit are all completed by corresponding devices; more specifically, the gas source pretreatment unit comprises a gas buffer device 2, a gas supercharger 5 and a gas precooling device 8 which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the gas precooling device 8 is connected with the hydration unit through a one-way pipeline; a valve 3 and a pressure gauge 4 are arranged on a pipeline between the gas buffer device 2 and the gas booster 5, and a valve 6 and a pressure gauge 7 are arranged on a pipeline between the gas booster 5 and the gas precooling device 8; the gas buffer device 2 is in butt joint with a biological natural gas source pipeline, and a valve 1 is arranged on the pipeline. In the embodiment of the invention, the gas buffer device 2 is a buffer tank, and the main function is to enable the biogas to enter the buffer device, and provide a stable gas source for the subsequent hydration reaction after the biogas reaches the stable pressure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the hydration unit is configured to perform a hydration reaction on the pretreated gas source and the hydration agent to generate a gas hydrate, wherein the reaction process includes substances participating in the reaction and reaction conditions. For the substances participating in the reaction, specifically, the hydration agent provided by the invention is water, and in order to improve the reaction efficiency, gas hydrate generation accelerators with set concentration, such as SDS, SDBS, TBAB and the like, can be added. For the reaction conditions, specifically, the hydration unit comprises a hydration reactor 15 and a data acquisition instrument 10, wherein the data acquisition instrument 10 is in electrical signal connection with a pressure sensor 12 and a temperature sensor 13 and is used for acquiring and recording temperature and pressure data in the hydration reactor 15 in real time; the hydration reactor 15 is respectively connected with the gas source pretreatment unit and the hydrate storage tank through pipelines. In the embodiment of the present invention, the hydration reactor 15 is a high pressure reactor, and a stirring device is further disposed in the high pressure reactor; the data acquisition instrument 10 may be an agilent 34970a or an agilent 34972A commercially available, and is used for acquiring data of temperature, pressure and the like inside the high-pressure reaction kettle so as to facilitate control of reaction conditions in the high-pressure reaction kettle. In the process of hydration reaction, the working pressure in the hydration reactor 15 is controlled to be not lower than 10MPa, and gas and hydration agent (water) in the reaction kettle react to generate gas hydrate under the monitoring of the data acquisition instrument 10. The generated gas hydrate is pumped out to a hydrate storage tank for storage, so that the system finishes the storage process of the biogas.
When the gas hydrate decomposition device is required to be used, gas hydrates are pumped out from the hydrate storage tank to the hydrate decomposer, the hydrate decomposer finishes the decomposition of the gas hydrates, and natural gas generated by the decomposition is input into a gas supply pipe network. The hydrate decomposer is a relatively closed tank body, and the temperature and the pressure (such as heating or pressure reduction operation) can be adjusted in the tank body so as to realize the decomposition of the gas hydrate. Therefore, the system completes the using process of the biogas.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to facilitate the recycling of the hydration agent, the system also comprises a hydration agent recovery tank 24, the hydrate decomposer and the hydration agent recovery tank are butted through a one-way pipeline, the invention 23 is arranged on the pipeline, the hydration agent recovery tank is butted with a hydration agent circulation pipeline, the invention 25 is arranged on the circulation pipeline, the hydration agent recovery tank is a recovery tank with a pump, and the hydration agent is recycled among the hydration reactor 15, the hydrate decomposer and the hydration agent recovery tank through the circulation pipeline (a valve 14 is arranged on a connection pipeline between the circulation pipeline and the hydration reactor 15), so that the storage efficiency of the biogas is further improved.
In the practical application process of the system of the present invention, with reference to fig. 1, the specific work flow of the system is as follows:
(1) the purified biogas enters a gas buffer device 2 through a valve 1 and then enters a gas booster 5 through a valve 3, and the biogas is subjected to pressurization treatment to reach the required pressure condition (3.0-5.0 MPa); the pressure gauge 4 and the pressure gauge 7 can display pressure values before and after pressurization of the biogas, and the biogas enters the gas precooling device 8 through the valve 6 after pressurization to be precooled (the gas source is precooled to 273-279K);
(2) pre-cooling the biogas in a gas pre-cooling device 8 to reach the required temperature condition; after precooling treatment, the biogas enters the hydration reactor 15 through the valve 9 and can react with the hydration agent to generate gas hydrate, so that the efficient storage of the biogas is realized.
(3) The hydrating agent is added into the hydrating reactor 15 through the valve 14, the biogas generates gas hydrate in the hydrating reactor 15, and the hydrate is conveyed into the hydrate storage tank 18 through the valve 17 by the mud pump 16, so that the storage efficiency of the biogas is further improved.
(4) Storing the biological natural gas in a hydrate storage tank 18 after the biological natural gas generates hydrates; in the process of supplying the biogas, hydrate is conveyed to a hydrate decomposer 21 by a mud pump 19 through a valve 20 for decomposition; the biogas generated by the decomposition of the hydrate enters the biogas conveying pipeline through the valve 22, so that the stable gas supply of the biogas is realized.
(5) After the hydrate is decomposed in the hydrate decomposer 21, the hydrate enters a hydrate recovery tank 24 through a valve 23, and then enters a hydrate circulating pipeline through a valve 25 for recycling.
In the steps (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5), the biogas is processed by the links of the gas buffer device 2, the gas supercharger 5, the gas precooling device 8, the hydration reactor 15, the hydrate storage tank 18, the hydrate decomposer 21, the hydration agent recovery tank 24 and the like, so that the safe and efficient storage of the biogas is realized. Meanwhile, after the biogas is treated by the gas supercharger 5 and the gas precooling device 8, the hydration reaction efficiency of the biogas is further improved, and the efficient storage of the biogas is further realized; the hydration agent after the hydrate is decomposed can be recycled, and the economy of the biogas storage system is further improved. According to the components of the biogas, through the steps, proper hydrate generation conditions are selected for processing, and the safe and efficient storage of the biogas is realized.
The invention further discloses a method for storing and using the biogas, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out pretreatment including buffering, pressurization and precooling on a biological natural gas source;
(2) carrying out hydration reaction on the pretreated gas source and a hydrating agent to generate a gas hydrate and storing the gas hydrate;
(3) and transferring the stored gas hydrate as required and decomposing the gas hydrate into biogas for output through a hydrating agent.
In the step (1), the gas source is pressurized to 3.0-5.0 MPa and precooled to 273-279K in the pretreatment.
In the step (2), under the condition that the pressure is not lower than 10MPa and the stirring state is adopted, the pretreated gas source is subjected to hydration reaction under the participation of a hydration agent and a gas hydrate generation promoter to generate a gas hydrate. In the embodiment of the present invention, more specifically, the hydrating agent is water, and the gas hydrate formation promoter is any one of SDS, SDBS, and TBAB.
The technical details and principles of the embodiments of the method of the present invention are substantially the same as those described in the above embodiments of the system of the method, and the technical solutions described in the above embodiments of the system can also be used to explain the embodiments of the method of the present invention, which are not described herein again.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
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| CN115327032A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-11 | 中南大学 | Visual gas hydrate storage dynamics experiment system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115327032A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-11 | 中南大学 | Visual gas hydrate storage dynamics experiment system |
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