CN111119961B - High-prestress applying device for anchor rod and using method - Google Patents
High-prestress applying device for anchor rod and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111119961B CN111119961B CN201911275793.7A CN201911275793A CN111119961B CN 111119961 B CN111119961 B CN 111119961B CN 201911275793 A CN201911275793 A CN 201911275793A CN 111119961 B CN111119961 B CN 111119961B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-prestress applying device for an anchor rod and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of surrounding rock support. The device includes that hydraulic oil high pressure annotates oil system, stock drawing system, high moment of torsion apply system, hydraulic oil pressure release system, and hydraulic oil high pressure annotates oil system, stock drawing system, high moment of torsion apply system, hydraulic oil pressure release system and installs on the base. The base is made of high-strength steel materials. The device can exert high prestressing force to the stock through high oil pressure effect, can exert high moment of torsion pretension to the stock nut again, and the restructural country rock stress state changes the two-way stress after the excavation into three-way stress, reaches the purpose that improves the country rock performance, improves loose structure, reinforces the weak layer, realizes the quick reinforcement of complicated loose broken country rock in the pit, strengthens the ability that soft broken rock body resisted the deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surrounding rock support, in particular to an anchor rod high-prestress applying device and a using method thereof.
Background
The anchor bolt support is the most widely used support mode for underground roadways, roads, bridges and tunnels, underground rock engineering and the like, and commonly used anchor bolts with pipe seams, grouting anchor bolts, resin anchor bolts and the like are adopted. The bolting technology is also gradually developed from early passive bolting to the present rich bolting systems, including full-length bolting, long bolting, high-prestress active bolting, etc. The supporting function is developed from the early suspension function, and has the supporting functions of combination beams, combination arches, span reduction and the like. At present, the most widely applied resin anchor rod support is mainly characterized in that an anchor rod is fixed at the bottom of a drilled hole under the cementing action of resin, a nut and a base plate are additionally arranged at the exposed end of the anchor rod, the anchor rod forms certain prestress through certain torque, complex, soft and broken surrounding rocks are converted into high-strength surrounding rock stress arches, the stress intensity of the surrounding rocks is improved, the surrounding rock structure is improved, the purpose of supporting the surrounding rocks is achieved, and the long-term stability of a roadway is guaranteed.
Therefore, in order to improve the comprehensive bearing and deformation resistance of surrounding rocks in the bolting system, high requirements on the bolt drawing force, the pretightening force and the like are required, namely, a strong anchoring force (pretightening force) is formed in the early stage of bolting. However, in the existing anchor rod construction and installation technology, the anchor rod still exerts a passive supporting effect, and the active supporting effect of the anchor rod is difficult to realize due to the fact that high prestress cannot be realized, and the specific problems are as follows: (1) in the process of installing the anchor rod, the pre-tightening force is usually realized by manually pre-tightening by using support workers, the pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor rod randomly, and the torque range achieved by manually using a wrench is 100 N.M-200 N.M; (2) although the anchor rod drilling machine can be used for installing and pre-tightening the anchor rod, the torque of the drilling machine is low and is at most 150 N.M, and the drilling machine is not enough to provide enough pre-tightening torque, so that the pre-stress of the anchor rod is insufficient, and the strength of surrounding rock is improved limitedly; (3) the existing high-prestress applying equipment is applied to anchor rods less, is mostly used in anchor cable support, is heavy, large in size and complex in construction, and is not suitable for quick installation and pre-tightening of the anchor rods; (4) when the prestress is increased by only depending on the improvement of the torque, the relation between the torque and the prestress is greatly influenced by the construction condition; (5) when high drawing force is independently adopted to achieve the purpose of being applied with prestress, the nut is difficult to screw, the pretightening force is small, and the prestress is easy to attenuate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an anchor rod high-prestress applying device and a using method thereof, wherein the device can rapidly and simultaneously apply anchor rod prestress with high prestress and high torque, gives corresponding relation of hydraulic pressure, torque and prestress according to the requirement of surrounding rocks of a roadway on surrounding pressure, guides the construction of a prestressed anchor rod, and finally forms the anchor rod prestress applying device.
The device comprises a hydraulic oil high-pressure oil injection system, an anchor rod drawing system, a high-torque applying system and a hydraulic oil pressure relief system, wherein the high-pressure oil injection system, the anchor rod drawing system, the high-torque applying system and the hydraulic oil pressure relief system are arranged on a base; the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve is embedded in the base and used for transmitting driving force generated by high-pressure hydraulic oil, the driving force is transmitted to the anchor rod stress drawing sleeve, and the anchor rod is drawn under the action of the driving force to generate prestress. The anchor rod stress transmission sleeve top contacts the anchor rod stress and draws the sleeve, and the anchor rod stress is drawn and is placed the resin stock in the sleeve, and during the anchor rod pretension nut was inserted to resin stock lower part, anchor rod pretension nut outside set up the torque carousel, and the torque carousel outside sets up the oil pocket, oil pocket external connection high pressure oil groove and pressure release oil groove, base one side opening set up hydraulic oil entry and hydraulic oil export.
Wherein, evenly arrange hydraulic torque on the moment of torsion carousel and proper motion spanner, hydraulic torque is proper motion spanner and is connected stock pretension nut.
Eight rotary hydraulic arms are evenly inserted into the torque turntable and can stretch out and draw back.
The torque turntable is internally hexagonal and is used for matching with the anchor rod pre-tightening nut.
The base is made of high-strength steel materials, and the sealing performance is good.
The device is a circular ring-shaped cylinder with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part.
The method for using the device comprises the following steps:
s1: high oil pressure is continuously injected into the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve through the hydraulic oil inlet, and the cross section of the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve is acted by high pressure of the hydraulic oil to generate upward thrust;
s2: pushing the anchor rod to pull the sleeve by the stress, so that the anchor rod generates certain prestress, namely the pulling effect is generated;
s3: hydraulic oil continuously flows into the high-pressure oil groove along the oil guide channel, the high-pressure oil pushes the rotary hydraulic arm to generate high torque, the high torque acts on the anchor rod pre-tightening nut to play a role of a high-torque wrench, and the nut is tightened and locked;
s4: the hydraulic oil rotates along with the rotary hydraulic sheet and flows to the pressure relief oil groove, and flows to the hydraulic oil outlet through the oil guide channel to form backflow.
The oil cavity, the rotary hydraulic arm and the torque turntable form a hydraulic torque system, wherein high-pressure oil enters the oil cavity after passing through the oil guide channel to the high-pressure oil groove, acting force is generated to push the rotary hydraulic arm to rotate, and torque is generated to achieve the effect of nut pre-tightening.
The torque rotary disc is a force driving device formed by 8 inserted telescopic rotary hydraulic arms.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the scheme, the device combines the field construction experience, improves, is more convenient to construct, has higher efficiency, obviously improves the prestress, and has obvious effect of improving the strength of the surrounding rock. Through the research and development and the application of the device, the supporting strength of the underground roadway can be effectively improved, the long-term stability of the roadway is ensured, and the roadway supporting and maintaining cost is saved for mine enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high prestress applying device for an anchor rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the high pre-stress applicator for the anchor rod of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the working relationship of oil pressure, drawing force and torque of the device in the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: the method comprises the following steps of 1-anchor rod stress drawing sleeve, 2-resin anchor rod, 3-anchor rod stress transmission sleeve, 4-base, 5-anchor rod pre-tightening nut, 6-hydraulic oil inlet, 7-hydraulic oil outlet, 8-hydraulic torque self-driving wrench, 9-oil cavity, 10-high-pressure oil groove, 11-torque turntable, 12-rotating hydraulic arm and 13-pressure relief oil groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a high-prestress applying device for an anchor rod and a using method.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device comprises a high-pressure oil injection system, an anchor rod drawing system, a high-torque application system and a hydraulic oil pressure relief system, wherein the high-pressure oil injection system, the anchor rod drawing system, the high-torque application system and the hydraulic oil pressure relief system are arranged on a base 4, the high-pressure oil injection system comprises a hydraulic oil inlet 6 and a high-pressure oil groove 10, the anchor rod drawing system comprises an anchor rod stress drawing sleeve 1 and an anchor rod stress transmission sleeve 3, the high-torque application system comprises an anchor rod pre-tightening nut 5, a hydraulic torque self-wrench 8, a torque turntable 11 and a rotary hydraulic arm 12, and the hydraulic oil pressure relief system comprises a hydraulic oil outlet 7; anchor rod stress transmission sleeve 3 is embedded in base 4, 3 top contact anchor rod stresses of anchor rod stress transmission sleeve draw sleeve 1, anchor rod stress draws and places resin stock 2 in the sleeve 1, 2 lower parts of resin stock insert in anchor rod pretension nut 5, 5 outsides of anchor rod pretension nut set up moment of torsion carousel 11, 11 outsides of moment of torsion carousel set up oil pocket 9, oil pocket 9 external connection high pressure oil groove 10 and pressure release oil groove 13, 4 one side openings of base set up hydraulic oil entry 6 and hydraulic oil export 7.
In the device design stage, factors such as stress requirements, field tests and material properties are comprehensively considered, the reasonable corresponding relation among the hydraulic oil pressure, the anchor rod prestress and the nut torque is determined, and the corresponding standard of the oil pressure-prestress-torque of the high prestress applying device is formulated. Meanwhile, a suitable light electronic hydraulic pump is equipped according to the corresponding relation, parameters such as the hydraulic acting area of the anchor rod pushing device, the size and the stress area of the rotary hydraulic arm, the specific size of other parts of the device and the like are determined, and finally, all parts of the device are customized and assembled.
The device is characterized in that the resin anchor rod stress drawing sleeve 1 is detachable, threads are arranged in the sleeve, and an anchor rod needs to be sleeved into the sleeve and screwed to the deepest part in the installation process until the drawing sleeve is contacted with the transmission sleeve. The pull-out sleeve can be designed into a plurality of length types for construction selection, the design principle is that the friction force generated in the contact area of the sleeve and the thread of the anchor rod is guaranteed to be larger than the prestress of the anchor rod to be applied according to the length of the anchor rod exposed out of the base plate and the requirement of the tightening degree, relative sliding or thread sliding is not prone to occurring, and the contact length of the pull-out sleeve is not smaller than 3 cm. The anchor rod stress transmission sleeve 3 mainly plays a role in stress and transmission, and the bottom end of the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve is stressed by hydraulic oil and then moves upwards to push the anchor rod stress drawing sleeve 1 to draw the anchor rod. The stroke of the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve 3 is limited to 8cm, so when the anchor rod has continuous stretching potential after being stretched to 8cm, the anchor rod is unloaded and then oil pressure is injected again for secondary prestress stretching until the anchor rod reaches a preset prestress value and then no obvious deformation is generated, or the torque wrench can stop rotating no longer.
The hydraulic torque system mainly comprises a high-pressure oil groove 10, an oil cavity 9, a rotary hydraulic arm 12, a torque turntable 11, a pressure relief oil groove 13 and the like. Wherein, high pressure oil enters the oil cavity 9 after passing through the oil guide channel to the high pressure oil groove 10, and generates an acting force to push the rotary hydraulic arm 12 to rotate, the rotating torque is in direct proportion to the oil pressure, the torque rotary disc 11 tightly buckles the anchor rod nut, and generates a torque to achieve the nut pre-tightening effect, and the hydraulic oil synchronously enters the pressure relief oil groove 13 to flow back to the electronic hydraulic pump through the oil guide channel to perform repeated pumping in the rotating process. When the drawing stress does not produce obvious tension any more and the torque wrench cannot continuously twist the nut, the set torque value or the prestress value is reached.
The device mainly comprises two work systems, namely an anchor rod drawing system and a high-torque applying system, wherein the two work systems are driving forces generated under the action of hydraulic oil.
The anchor rod drawing system works by acting on the annular drawing sleeve rod through oil pressure. The inner diameter of the circular drawing loop bar is 20mm, the outer diameter is 30mm, and the stress area is 1570mm2The anchor rod drawing force F is as follows:
F＝1.57·P(KN)
wherein: p is hydraulic oil pressure, MPa.
The high torque applying system applies work on the rotary hydraulic arms distributed on the torque turntable through the oil pressure difference generated between the high pressure oil tank and the oil discharge tank in the oil cavity, and the applied torque M is as follows:
M＝P·(sh·Lh-sl·Ll)·n/2(N·m)
wherein: sh-the force area of the rotary hydraulic arm at high oil pressure, m2；
LhThe length of the force arm of the rotary hydraulic arm at the high oil pressure position is m;
Slat low oil pressureForce area, m, of the rotary hydraulic arm2；
LlThe length of the force arm of the rotary hydraulic arm at the low oil pressure is m;
n is the number of rotatable arms with hydraulic oil difference;
according to the working principle, the oil pressure-drawing force-torque working relation of the device is shown in figure 3.
The following detailed description will be given with reference to specific embodiments.
Assuming that the prestress of the anchor rod required by a certain engineering design is 45KN (the looser and broken the surrounding rock is, the stronger the prestress needs to be applied is according to the damage and deformation conditions of the surrounding rock of the mine roadway), 30MPa of hydraulic oil can be pumped by the electric oil pump. The oil pressure acts on the stress transmission sleeve of the middle and lower anchor rods to generate a driving force of 47.1KN (theoretical value), and the drawing force is transmitted to the anchor rod drawing sleeve to form the anchor rod drawing force. Meanwhile, as high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the torsion system, the two sides of the rotary hydraulic arm move due to different oil pressures, the direction is from high oil pressure to low oil pressure, and by referring to the reverse action mechanism of the impeller blades, the hydraulic torque self-propelled wrench can also provide about 300 N.M of torque to act on the anchor rod matched nut to pre-tighten the anchor rod nut and also can provide conversion of certain drawing force. Therefore, when the device is used for prestress application, even if performance loss and errors existing in the construction process are considered, the comprehensive prestress can still be effectively maintained at about 45KN, and the design requirement is met.
The invention has the advantages of more convenient construction, higher efficiency, obviously improved prestress and obvious surrounding rock strength improvement effect. Through the research and development and the application of the device, the supporting strength of the underground roadway can be effectively improved, the long-term stability of the roadway is ensured, and the roadway supporting and maintaining cost is saved for mine enterprises.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a device is applyed to stock high prestressing force which characterized in that: the anchor rod drawing system comprises a high-pressure oil injection system, an anchor rod drawing system, a high-torque applying system and a hydraulic oil pressure relief system, wherein the high-pressure oil injection system, the anchor rod drawing system, the high-torque applying system and the hydraulic oil pressure relief system are arranged on a base (4), the high-pressure oil injection system comprises a hydraulic oil inlet (6) and a high-pressure oil groove (10), the anchor rod drawing system comprises an anchor rod stress drawing sleeve (1) and an anchor rod stress transmission sleeve (3), the high-torque applying system comprises an anchor rod pre-tightening nut (5), a hydraulic torque self-moving wrench (8), a torque turntable (11) and a rotary hydraulic arm (12), and the hydraulic oil pressure relief system comprises a hydraulic oil outlet; the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve (3) is embedded in the base (4), the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve (3) is contacted with the anchor rod stress drawing sleeve (1) above, a resin anchor rod (2) is placed in the anchor rod stress drawing sleeve (1), the lower part of the resin anchor rod (2) is inserted into an anchor rod pre-tightening nut (5), a torque turntable (11) is arranged outside the anchor rod pre-tightening nut (5), an oil cavity (9) is arranged outside the torque turntable (11), the oil cavity (9) is externally connected with a high-pressure oil groove (10) and a pressure relief oil groove (13), and a hydraulic oil inlet (6) and a hydraulic oil outlet (7) are formed in an opening at one side of;
the method for applying the device comprises the following steps:
s1: high oil pressure is continuously injected into the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve (3) through the hydraulic oil inlet (6), and the cross section of the anchor rod stress transmission sleeve (3) is acted by high pressure of the hydraulic oil to generate upward thrust;
s2: the thrust pushes the anchor rod to pull the sleeve (1) in a stress way, so that the anchor rod generates certain prestress, namely the pulling action is generated;
s3: hydraulic oil continuously flows into the high-pressure oil groove (10) along the oil guide channel, the high-pressure oil pushes the rotary hydraulic arm (12) to generate high torque, the high torque acts on the anchor rod pre-tightening nut (5), the function of a high-torque wrench is achieved, and tightening and locking of the nut are achieved;
s4: the hydraulic oil rotates along with the rotary hydraulic arm and flows to the pressure relief oil groove (13) and flows to the hydraulic oil outlet (7) through the oil guide channel to form backflow.
2. The anchor rod high prestress applying device according to claim 1, wherein: and hydraulic torque self-running wrenches (8) are uniformly arranged on the torque rotary table (11), and the hydraulic torque self-running wrenches (8) are connected with the anchor rod pre-tightening nuts (5).
3. The anchor rod high prestress applying device according to claim 1, wherein: eight rotary hydraulic arms (12) are uniformly inserted into the torque turntable (11), and the rotary hydraulic arms (12) can stretch out and draw back.
4. The anchor rod high prestress applying device according to claim 1, wherein: the torque turntable (11) is hexagonal and used for being matched with the anchor rod pre-tightening nut (5).
5. The anchor rod high prestress applying device according to claim 1, wherein: the base (4) is made of high-strength steel material.
6. The anchor rod high prestress applying device according to claim 1, wherein: the device is a circular ring-shaped cylinder with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911275793.7A CN111119961B (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | High-prestress applying device for anchor rod and using method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911275793.7A CN111119961B (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | High-prestress applying device for anchor rod and using method |
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| CN111119961A CN111119961A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
| CN111119961B true CN111119961B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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| CN201911275793.7A Active CN111119961B (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | High-prestress applying device for anchor rod and using method |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116558969B (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2024-04-02 | 温州隽宇建设工程质量检测有限公司 | Anchor rod anti-pulling performance detection device |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1299573B (en) * | 1965-08-26 | 1969-07-17 | Kloeckner Werke Ag | Hydraulic device for simultaneous pre-tensioning of several tie rods or screw bolts provided with nuts |
| DE2161093C2 (en) * | 1971-12-09 | 1981-12-17 | Schmidt, Kranz & Co Gmbh, Zweigniederlassung Maschinenbau, 3421 Zorge | Hydraulic pre-tensioning device for stud bolts |
| CN2169724Y (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1994-06-22 | 清华大学 | Device for hydraulic tensioning bolt and hydraulic tightening nut |
| GB9423713D0 (en) * | 1994-11-24 | 1995-01-11 | Hydra Tight Ltd | Hydraulic tensioning apparatus |
| CN201389771Y (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-01-27 | 十堰海岚机床有限公司 | Hydraulic pre-tensioning device |
| CN204200253U (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-03-11 | 徐州恒佳机械科技有限公司 | Apply the device of bolt pretension |
| CN207746998U (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-21 | 橙色云设计有限公司 | A kind of bolt tensioning jack |
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