CN111117722A - Method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil - Google Patents
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- CN111117722A CN111117722A CN202010021893.3A CN202010021893A CN111117722A CN 111117722 A CN111117722 A CN 111117722A CN 202010021893 A CN202010021893 A CN 202010021893A CN 111117722 A CN111117722 A CN 111117722A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/02—Carbon; Graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil. The method comprises the following steps: expanding lubricating oil molecules by a physical method or heating to open molecular chains to obtain pretreated lubricating oil; vibrating graphene powder by modulated ultrasonic waves, wherein the vibration frequency is 40-240 Hz, and obtaining pretreated graphene powder; mixing and stirring: mixing the obtained pretreated lubricating oil and the pretreated graphene powder together, slowly stirring to insert the graphene powder into long-chain molecules of the lubricating oil, maintaining a stable state to enable the molecules to be mature, and completing insertion. The obtained graphene lubricating oil can effectively repair the worn part of the engine in a physical mode, and the healthy operation of a vehicle engine system is guaranteed; the maintenance frequency of the vehicle is reduced, the kilometer number of the lubricating oil is prolonged, and the service life of the vehicle is further prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of graphene, in particular to a method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil.
Background
Lubricating oil is a very practical and common grease for automobiles and industries, is a liquid lubricant used on various types of machines to reduce friction and protect the machines and workpieces, and mainly plays roles in lubrication, cooling, rust prevention, cleaning, sealing, buffering and the like. The lubricating oil additive concept is one or more compounds added to a lubricant to impart certain new properties to the lubricant or to improve some of the properties already present in the lubricant. The additive mainly comprises antioxidant, antiwear agent, friction modifier, extreme pressure additive, detergent, dispersant, foam inhibitor, anticorrosion and antirust agent, pour point improver, viscosity index improver and the like according to functions. The additives sold in the market are generally composite products of the above single additives, and the difference is that the components of the single additives are different and the proportion of the single additives in the composite additives is different.
Graphene (Graphene) is a new material with a monolayer sheet structure composed of carbon atoms. Is a two-dimensional material with a thickness of only one carbon atom, which is a hexagonal honeycomb lattice of planar thin films of carbon atoms with sp2 hybridized orbitals. In 2004, physicists andreli haim and costatin norworth schloff, manchester university, uk, succeeded in separating graphene from graphite in experiments, and confirmed that it can exist alone, and two people also obtained a 2010 nobel prize in physics together due to the "pioneer experiment on two-dimensional graphene materials".
Graphene is the thinnest and most rigid nanomaterial in the world, and is almost completely transparent, absorbing only 2.3% of light; the heat conductivity coefficient is as high as 5300W/m.K, higher than that of carbon nano tube and diamond, and its electron mobility is over 15000cm2The resistivity of the material is only about 10-6 omega cm and lower than that of copper or silver, and the material has the minimum resistivity in the world. Because of its extremely low resistivity and high electron transfer rate, it is expected to be used for developing a new generation of thinner and faster-conducting electronic devices or transistors. Since graphene is essentially a transparent and good conductor, it is also suitable for manufacturing transparent touch screens, optical panels, and even solar cells. Another characteristic of graphene is that the quantum hall effect can be observed at normal temperature.
The arrangement of carbon atoms of graphene is similar to that of a single-atomic layer of graphite, and is a single-layer two-dimensional crystal in which carbon atoms are arranged in a honeycomb lattice (honey comb lattice) in sp2 mixed domains. Graphene can be thought of as an atomic size network formed by carbon atoms and their covalent bonds. The nomenclature of graphene comes from the english graphete (graphite) + -ene (end of alkene). Graphene is considered to be a planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon atom crystal.
The graphene has a very stable structure with only carbon-carbon bonds (carbon-carbon bonds)
The connection between the carbon atoms in the graphene is flexible, and when external force is applied to the graphene, the carbon atom surface can be bent and deformed, so that the carbon atoms do not need to be rearranged to adapt to the external force, and the structure is kept stable. This stable lattice structure gives graphene excellent thermal conductivity.
The advent of graphene has caused a worldwide research booming. It is the thinnest of the known materials, is very strong and rigid, and transfers electrons faster than the known conductors at room temperature. The atomic size structure of graphene is very specific and must be mapped using quantum theory.
Graphene is a two-dimensional crystal, and common graphite is formed by stacking planar carbon atoms which are orderly arranged in a honeycomb shape layer by layer, and the interlayer acting force of the graphite is weak, so that the graphite can be easily peeled off from each other to form a thin graphite sheet. When a graphite sheet is exfoliated into monolayers, such monolayers having only one carbon atom thick are graphene. It has the following distinctiveness:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: graphene is the strongest material in the world, and it has been estimated that if graphene is used to form a film (thickness of about 100 nm) having a thickness corresponding to the thickness of a common plastic food packaging bag, it will withstand the pressure of about two tons of heavy articles without breaking;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: graphene is the best conductive material in the world.
The graphene material is also an excellent modifier, and has very unique advantages in mechanical lubrication, especially in the aspect of adding lubricating oil to an engine. In the prior art, commercially available graphene is dispersed in an organic solvent, a dispersant is added, and then the graphene is dispersed in lubricating oil by intense friction mixing of a high-shear machine. The disadvantages of the current products are as follows:
1) generally, the quality of the graphene powder sold in the market is quite different, the number of layers of the graphene may be different from 100 to 500, the ratio of the area to the thickness of a microchip is about 3000 times, and the area of the microchip is large and the lattice is complete. The traditional graphene lubricating oil is prepared by a high-shear force method, and graphene micro-sheets are inserted into molecules of the lubricating oil at a high speed of 2000-20000 rpm, so that the defects that graphene powder is easily damaged and the lubricating oil is also damaged are overcome.
2) In the market, the intense physical shearing force is mostly utilized, so that not only can the basic structures of the graphene and the lubricating oil be damaged, but also the serious agglomeration effect can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method which is simple and can stably disperse graphene powder in lubricating oil.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for stably dispersing graphene powder in a lubricating oil, comprising the steps of:
pretreatment of lubricating oil: expanding lubricating oil molecules by a physical method or heating to open molecular chains to obtain pretreated lubricating oil;
pretreatment of graphene powder: vibrating graphene powder by modulated ultrasonic waves, wherein the vibration frequency is 40-240 Hz, and obtaining pretreated graphene powder;
mixing and stirring: mixing the obtained pretreated lubricating oil and the pretreated graphene powder together, slowly stirring to insert the graphene powder into long-chain molecules of the lubricating oil, maintaining a stable state to enable the molecules to be mature, and completing insertion.
Further, in the step of pretreating the lubricating oil, the physical method is stirring equipment, and the lubricating oil is stirred at a constant speed of 30-200 rpm for 30 minutes-1 hour;
the heating is carried out at 80-120 ℃; preferably, the heating is 90-100 ℃.
Further, in the step of pretreating the graphene powder, the oscillation condition is 40-60 Hz oscillation for 20-40 minutes, then the frequency is gradually increased to 15-25 Hz/minute, the frequency is increased to 230-250Hz after 8-15 minutes, and the oscillation is continued for 30-40 minutes.
Further, in the step of preprocessing the graphene powder, the oscillation condition is that oscillation is carried out for 20-40 minutes at 40-60 Hz, then the frequency is gradually increased to the speed of 20 Hz/minute, the frequency is increased to 240Hz after 10 minutes, and oscillation is continuously carried out for 30-40 minutes.
Further, the weight using amount ratio of the lubricating oil pretreated in the mixing and stirring step to the graphene powder pretreated in the mixing and stirring step is (0.1-10): 100, respectively; preferably, (3-10): 100.
further, in the mixing and stirring step, the low-speed stirring is carried out at 20-40 rpm and 80-100 ℃ for 3-6 hours; preferably, it is 30rpm, 80 ℃ and stirred for 4 hours.
Further, the stable state is maintained at 30-200 rpm, 80-100 ℃ for 3-6 hours.
The invention also provides a product prepared by the method for stably dispersing the graphene powder in the lubricating oil.
Those skilled in the art are aware of: in general, the viscosity of grease is reduced with the increase of temperature, and the viscosity must be kept as uniform as possible in the mechanism of lubricating oil, so additives are generally added or the physical properties thereof are changed to keep the viscosity of lubricating oil within a certain range in a temperature gradient to ensure the lubricating effect. Heating changes the physical properties of the lubricating oil, mostly the deformation of long chain structures. In order to insert the graphene nanoplatelets, lubricating oil molecules need to be expanded and molecular chains are opened, and the applicant of the invention finds that the effect is optimal at 80-120 ℃; or for the uniformity of the temperature, physical stirring equipment is adopted, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes to 1 hour at a constant speed of about 30 to 200 rpm.
The product obtained by the method is also called graphene engine protective agent. The obtained graphene engine protective agent has no damage to graphene powder and is uniformly dispersed; the structure of the lubricating oil is not damaged at all, and the original function of the lubricating oil can be maintained.
The graphene lubricating oil (graphene engine protective agent) obtained by the invention can effectively repair the worn part of the engine in a physical mode through field tests for more than three years by a team, and the healthy operation of a vehicle engine system is guaranteed. The maintenance frequency of the vehicle is reduced, the kilometer number of the lubricating oil is prolonged, and the service life of the vehicle is further prolonged. And (4) integrating the experimental results to obtain the conclusion of the final test:
1) the nano-scale graphene microchip can fill fine capillary pores of an engine cylinder, increase the lubricating effect of the cylinder wall and reduce engine oil loss of the cylinder.
2) The air tightness of the cylinder is improved, the mechanical lubrication of the engine is increased, and the energy is saved by 10-13% of gasoline consumption.
3) Because the mechanical lubricity of the engine is good, the friction force of the engine is reduced, and the noise and the shock of the engine are reduced.
4) Because of the improved mechanical lubricity, the exhaust gas is improved relatively compared with the internal combustion of the engine cylinder.
5) The cold start of the automobile is easier, and the starting current is greatly reduced. Because the graphene powder film is attached to the mechanical surface of the engine, the mechanical friction force is reduced during the cold start of the engine, the current of the starting motor is smaller, and the starting motor is easier to start.
6) Because the current of the cold start of the automobile is obviously reduced, the whole electric power system of the automobile is optimized, and the service life of the starting storage battery is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a graphene engine protective agent prepared by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a table of data showing the results of a constant-speed fuel consumption comparative test (90km/h) of a vehicle.
FIG. 3 is a table of data showing the results of a constant-speed fuel consumption comparative test (120km/h) for an automobile.
FIG. 4 is a table diagram of the test results of example 9 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Parameters of the graphene powder used in the following examples:
layer number: 3-10 layers with volume density of 0.34-0.41 g/cm3The average thickness of the micro-sheet is 4.2nm, the transverse dimension is 10-80 μm, and the carbon purity is>80 percent, no functional group, a characteristic Raman 2D peak width of 55-60/cm, and a specific Raman I2D/IG ratio of 0.4-0.7.
Example 1: method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil
Pretreatment of lubricating oil: stirring the mixture for 30 minutes to 1 hour at a constant speed of 30 to 60rpm by using stirring equipment to expand lubricating oil molecules and open molecular chains to obtain pretreated lubricating oil;
pretreatment of graphene powder: vibrating graphene powder for 20-40 minutes under the condition of modulating ultrasonic waves, gradually increasing the frequency to 20 Hz/minute, increasing the frequency to 240Hz after 10 minutes, and staying at 240Hz to continue vibrating for 30-40 minutes; obtaining pretreated graphene powder;
mixing and stirring: mixing the obtained pretreated lubricating oil and pretreated graphene powder together, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated gearbox oil to the pretreated graphene powder is 10:100, the rotation speed is 20rpm, the stirring is carried out at 100 ℃ for 6 hours, so that the graphene powder is inserted into the lubricating oil long chain molecules, the stable state is maintained, the molecules are mature, and the insertion is completed. The photograph of the obtained graphene engine protection agent observed by a microscope at a magnification of 100 is shown in fig. 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, the obtained graphene engine protection agent was uniformly dispersed without agglomeration, indicating that the graphene powder was stably dispersed in the lubricating oil.
Example 2: method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil
Pretreatment of lubricating oil: heating at 90 ℃ to expand lubricating oil molecules and open molecular chains to obtain pretreated lubricating oil;
pretreatment of graphene powder: vibrating graphene powder for 20-40 minutes under the condition of modulating ultrasonic waves, gradually increasing the frequency to 15 Hz/minute, increasing the frequency to 230Hz after 8 minutes, staying at 230Hz, and continuing to vibrate for 30-40 minutes to obtain pretreated graphene powder;
mixing and stirring: mixing the obtained pretreated lubricating oil and the pretreated graphene powder together, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated gear box oil to the pretreated graphene powder is 3:100, stirring is carried out at 30rpm and 80 ℃ for 4 hours, so that the graphene powder is inserted into long-chain molecules of the lubricating oil, the stable state is maintained, the molecules are mature, and the insertion is completed, thus obtaining the graphene engine protective agent.
Example 3: method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil
Pretreatment of lubricating oil: heating at 100 ℃ to expand lubricating oil molecules and open molecular chains to obtain pretreated lubricating oil;
pretreatment of graphene powder: vibrating graphene powder for 20-40 minutes under the condition of modulating ultrasonic waves, gradually increasing the frequency to 25 Hz/minute, increasing the frequency to 250Hz, staying at 250Hz, and continuing to vibrate for 30-40 minutes to obtain pretreated graphene powder;
mixing and stirring: mixing the obtained pretreated lubricating oil and the pretreated graphene powder together, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated gear box oil to the pretreated graphene powder is 0.1:100, stirring at 40rpm and 90 ℃ for 3 hours at a low speed, so that the graphene powder is inserted into the long-chain molecules of the lubricating oil, maintaining a stable state to enable the molecules to be mature, and completing insertion to obtain the graphene engine protective agent.
Example 4: method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil
Pretreatment of lubricating oil: heating at 120 ℃ to expand lubricating oil molecules and open molecular chains to obtain pretreated lubricating oil;
pretreatment of graphene powder: vibrating graphene powder for 20-40 minutes under the condition of modulating ultrasonic waves, gradually increasing the speed of frequency 22 Hz/minute, increasing the speed to 240Hz after 12 minutes, staying at 240Hz, and continuing to vibrate for 30-40 minutes to obtain pretreated graphene powder;
mixing and stirring: mixing the obtained pretreated lubricating oil and the pretreated graphene powder together, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated gear box oil to the pretreated graphene powder is 50:100, stirring at 20rpm and 80 ℃ for 5 hours at a low speed, so that the graphene powder is inserted into the long-chain molecules of the lubricating oil, maintaining a stable state to enable the molecules to be mature, and completing insertion to obtain the graphene engine protective agent.
Example 5: method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil
Pretreatment of lubricating oil: heating at 80 ℃ to expand lubricating oil molecules and open molecular chains to obtain pretreated lubricating oil;
pretreatment of graphene powder: vibrating graphene powder for 20-40 minutes under the condition of modulating ultrasonic waves, gradually increasing the frequency to 20 Hz/minute, increasing the frequency to 240Hz, staying at 240Hz, and continuing to vibrate for 30-40 minutes to obtain pretreated graphene powder;
mixing and stirring: mixing the obtained pretreated lubricating oil and the pretreated graphene powder together, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated gear box oil to the pretreated graphene powder is 5:100, stirring at 30rpm and 80 ℃ for 4 hours at a low speed, so that the graphene powder is inserted into long-chain molecules of the lubricating oil, maintaining a stable state to enable the molecules to be mature, and completing insertion to obtain the graphene engine protective agent.
Example 6 comparative test for engine block noise test
Entrust the supervision and detection center of the quality of automobile parts in the mechanical industry.
This experimental sample is graphite alkene engine protection additive, brand model: the number of samples was 1 vial (50ml) in the Med Anjun Wen. After the original machine finishes the project test, adding 1 bottle (50ml) of sample according to the requirement of adding the product that the using amount of the engine lubricating oil is 4-6L, and carrying out the sample test under the idling state after the engine is in the normal state.
Vehicle parameters for detection: see table 1.
TABLE 1 sample car parameter table for detection
Detection items and detection results: engine noise contrast
1.1, detection conditions:
1) the working condition I is as follows: in the idling state of an automobile engine, an acoustic sensor is arranged at a position 1m in the vertical direction of the engine, and the test time is as follows: 30s, the sound pressure level LP1 is recorded.
2) Working conditions are as follows: the test condition of the sample is completely consistent with the test condition of the working condition I, graphene lubricating oil is added into the engine, the position of the acoustic sensor is unchanged after the engine reaches the normal working state and is in an idling state, the noise value of the engine is tested again, the sound pressure level LP2 is recorded, and the noise change values LP1 and LP2 are calculated.
1.2 technical requirements:
1) the rack room fan, exhaust and all extraneous noise are turned off.
2) And (5) carrying out an engine noise test (keeping the comparison conditions consistent) after the engine temperature test item is measured.
1.3 detection equipment: see table 2.
TABLE 2 detection equipment table
| Device name | Model of the device | Device numbering | Calibration expiry date |
| Noise data acquisition instrument | 0R36 | MJ004 | 2020.11.14 |
| Steel tape | 5m | RJ005 | 2020.06.23 |
| Alternating current power chassis dynamometer system | CDS150-2D-II | VJ001-1 | 2020.07.11 |
1.4 deviation:
is free of
1.5 detection result: see table 3.
TABLE 3 test results Table
The experimental results of the graphene engine protection additives prepared in examples 1 to 4 were the same.
Example 7 comparative test for testing temperature of Engine Cylinder
Entrust the supervision and detection center of the quality of automobile parts in the mechanical industry.
This experimental sample is graphite alkene engine protection additive, brand model: the number of samples was 1 vial (50ml) in the Med Anjun Wen. After the original engine finishes the project test, adding 1 bottle (50ml) of sample according to the requirement of adding the product that the using amount of the engine lubricating oil is 4-6L, and carrying out the sample test when the engine is in a normal state.
Vehicle parameters for detection: see table 1.
Detection items and detection results:
temperature contrast of engine cylinder block
1.1 detection conditions:
1) the working condition I is as follows: after the vehicle was left to stand for one night (14 hours), the ambient temperature was stabilized at 25.6 ℃ in the bench room. Starting the vehicle to slowly rise to the speed of 90km/h and keeping the constant speed for running for 50 km. At the moment, the water temperature of the engine is between 80 and 85 ℃, the engine is slowly decelerated to the idle speed of the engine after running for 50km, the temperature of the engine is kept for 30min, and the surface temperature of the engine cylinder is tested after the temperature of the engine is stabilized. Marking a fixed point P1 on the surface of the engine cylinder body, detecting the temperature of the engine at the point P1 by using a thermal infrared imager, recording five groups of data during the testing time of 30min, and taking the temperature average value T1.
2) Working conditions are as follows: adding sample graphene lubricating oil into an engine lubricating oil tank, keeping the sample graphene lubricating oil consistent with a working condition-test condition, testing the temperature of a point P1 again after the engine reaches a normal working state, recording five groups of data, taking a temperature average value T2, and calculating temperature change values of T1 and T2.
1.2 detection device: see table 4.
Table 4 table of parameters of testing apparatus
| Device name | Model of the device | Device numbering | Calibration expiry date |
| Infrared thermal imaging system | FLIR A325sc | GJ011 | 2020.06.20 |
| Alternating current power chassis dynamometer system | CDS150-2D-II | VJ001-1 | 2020.07.11 |
1.3 deviation:
is free of
1.4 detection result: see table 5.
TABLE 5 test results Table
The experimental results of the graphene engine protection additives prepared in examples 1 to 4 were the same.
Example 8 comparative test for pollutants in automobile exhaust
Entrust the supervision and detection center of the quality of automobile parts in the mechanical industry.
The detection basis is as follows: GB 18285-;
this experimental sample is graphite alkene engine protection additive, brand model: the number of samples was 1 vial (50ml) in the Med Anjun Wen. After the original engine finishes the project test, adding 1 bottle (50ml) of sample in an engine lubricating oil tank according to the requirement of adding the product, wherein the consumption of the engine lubricating oil is 4-6L, standing for 5 minutes, and then starting the engine to perform the sample test.
Sample vehicle parameter table: see table 1.
Test items and results thereof
Comparative test for automobile exhaust pollutants
1.1 basis for detection
(1) GB 18285 and 2005 + spark ignition engine automobile exhaust pollutant emission limit value and measuring method (double-idling method and simple working condition method)
1.2 detection conditions
(1) During the test, the vehicle should reach a normal hot vehicle state;
(2) the double idle method: low idle speed: (800 +/-100) r/min; high idle speed: (2500 +/-100) r/min.
1.3 technical requirements
None.
1.4 detection device
NHFD-1 free acceleration Dual Idle emission detection System, VJ 003.
1.5 deviation from
None.
1.6 detection result: see table 6.
TABLE 6 table of comparative test results of automobile exhaust pollutants
The experimental results of the graphene engine protection additives prepared in examples 1 to 4 were the same.
From the results, it can be seen that the emission reduction amount before and after HC was (2.7-2.0)/2.0 × 100%: 35% at the high idle speed of 2500 RPM. When the engine is at low idle speed of 800RPM, the emission reduction amount before and after HC is (2.3-1.3)/1.3 × 10% -77%.
The average HC reduction was (35% + 77%)/2 ═ 56%.
HC emission: the average molecular weight of the catalyst is 34 according to international average molecular weight of C1, C2 and C3 alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and low hydrocarbons. The emission of one second per vehicle is 2224.9 mg, the emission of 100 ten thousand vehicles is calculated as 1 hour per day for 300 days per year: 2224.9 mg × 100 × 3600 × 300 ═ 240 ten thousand tons, if all automobiles are subjected to exhaust gas treatment, the average purification rate is calculated as 80%, 100 ten thousand trolleys in Shenzhen city are all used, after the graphene engine oil additive is used, 56% of CH emission can be reduced by calculation at medium speed, and the pollutant-causing exhaust emission can be reduced: 240 ten thousand tons × 56% ═ 134 ten thousand tons of HC emissions.
Example 9: automobile constant-speed fuel consumption comparison test
Entrust the supervision and detection center of the quality of automobile parts in the mechanical industry.
The detection basis is as follows: GB/T12545.1-2008 automobile fuel consumption test method part 1 passenger vehicle fuel consumption test method.
This experimental sample is graphite alkene engine protection additive, brand model: the number of samples was 1 vial (50ml) in the Med Anjun Wen. After the original engine finishes the project test, the engine lubricating oil consumption is 4-6L according to the addition requirement of the product, 1 bottle (50ml) of sample is added into an engine lubricating oil tank, and then the engine is started for sample test after standing for 5 minutes.
Sample vehicle parameter table: see table 1.
Detection items and results thereof:
constant-speed fuel consumption comparison test for automobile
1.1 basis for detection
(1) GB/T12545.1-2008 automobile fuel consumption test method part 1: fuel consumption testing method for passenger vehicle
1.2 detection conditions
(1) The vehicle must be cleaned, the windows and vents are closed, the air conditioning system is closed, and only necessary equipment for the vehicle to run can be used;
(2) the vehicle test mass is the total vehicle trim mass plus 180kg, and when 50% of the load mass of the vehicle is greater than 180kg, the vehicle test mass is the total vehicle trim mass plus 50% of the load mass (including the mass of measuring personnel and instruments).
(3) Measuring the vehicle speed: 90km/h and 120 km/h;
(4) measuring the distance: 10 km/time;
(5) the measurement times are as follows: 4 times.
1.3 detection device
(1) CDS150-2D-II ac power chassis dynamometer system, VJ 001;
(2) FP-2140 Japan Small wild vehicle-mounted fuel consumption instrument, VJ 002.
1.4 deviation from
None.
1.5 method for calculating fuel consumption
Determination of fuel consumption C by volumetric method
In the formula:
v-measured Fuel consumption (volume) in (L)
D-actual distance traveled during the test in kilometers (km)
α -coefficient of volumetric expansion of fuel, which is 0.001/° c when the fuel is gasoline or diesel
T0Standard temperature 20 ℃ (293K) in degrees Celsius (. degree.C.)
TFAverage fuel temperature, i.e. the arithmetic mean of the fuel temperatures at the beginning and end of each test, in degrees Celsius (. degree.C.)
1.6 detection result: see fig. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a table of data showing the results of a constant-velocity fuel consumption comparative test (90km/h) for an automobile. FIG. 3 is a table of data showing the results of a constant-speed fuel consumption comparative test (120km/h) for an automobile.
The experimental results of the graphene engine protection additives prepared in examples 1 to 4 were the same.
Example 9: determination of other parameters
Entrust the supervision and detection center of the quality of automobile parts in the mechanical industry.
The detection basis is as follows: 1. GB/T265-1998 (2004); 2. GB/T3535-; 3. GB/T260-2016; 4. GB/T511-2010; 5. GB/T1884-2000 (2004); 6. GB/T4945-; 7. SH/T0251-1993 (2004); 8. GB/T12579-2002 (2004).
Detecting items: 1. kinematic viscosity (100 ℃ C.); 2. pour point; 3. moisture; 4. mechanical impurities; 5. density (20 ℃ C.); 6. acid value; 7. a base number; 8. and (4) foam property.
And (3) detection results: see fig. 4. Wherein, the No. 1 is Wuling Mitsubishi SN 5W-30 for upper gasoline, and the No. 2 is Wuling Mitsubishi SN 5W-30 for upper gasoline, and the graphene engine protective agent is 400:3 (volume ratio). The experimental results of the graphene engine protection additives prepared in examples 1 to 4 were the same.
The graphene engine protective agent prepared by the method has excellent effects of reducing temperature, reducing noise, reducing tail gas and reducing oil consumption.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pretreatment of lubricating oil: expanding lubricating oil molecules by a physical method or heating to open molecular chains to obtain pretreated lubricating oil;
pretreatment of graphene powder: vibrating graphene powder by modulated ultrasonic waves, wherein the vibration frequency is 40-240 Hz, and obtaining pretreated graphene powder;
mixing and stirring: mixing the obtained pretreated lubricating oil and the pretreated graphene powder together, slowly stirring to insert the graphene powder into long-chain molecules of the lubricating oil, maintaining a stable state to enable the molecules to be mature, and completing insertion.
2. The method for stably dispersing the graphene powder in the lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step of pretreating the lubricating oil, the physical method is a stirring device, and the graphene powder is stirred at a constant speed of 30-200 rpm for 30 minutes-1 hour;
the heating is carried out at 80-120 ℃; preferably, the heating is 90-100 ℃.
3. The method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step of pretreating the graphene powder, the vibration condition is 40-60 Hz vibration for 20-40 minutes, then the frequency is gradually increased to 15-25 Hz/minute, the frequency is increased to 230-250Hz after 8-15 minutes, and the vibration is continued for 30-40 minutes.
4. The method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step of pretreating graphene powder, shaking is performed under the condition of shaking at 40-60 Hz for 20-40 minutes, then the speed of frequency is gradually increased to 20 Hz/minute, the speed is increased to 240Hz after 10 minutes, and the shaking is continued for 30-40 minutes.
5. The method for stably dispersing the graphene powder in the lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the pre-treated lubricating oil and the pre-treated graphene powder in the mixing and stirring step are used in a weight ratio of (0.1-10): 100, respectively; preferably, (3-10): 100.
6. the method for stably dispersing graphene powder in lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein in the mixing and stirring step, the slow stirring is performed at 20-40 rpm and 80-100 ℃ for 3-6 hours; preferably, it is 30rpm, 80 ℃ and stirred for 4 hours.
7. The method for stably dispersing graphene powder in a lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the stable state is maintained at 30 to 200rpm, 80 to 100 ℃, for 3 to 6 hours.
8. A product obtained by the method for stably dispersing the graphene powder in the lubricating oil according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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