CN111116229A - Color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111116229A CN111116229A CN201911423555.6A CN201911423555A CN111116229A CN 111116229 A CN111116229 A CN 111116229A CN 201911423555 A CN201911423555 A CN 201911423555A CN 111116229 A CN111116229 A CN 111116229A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/70—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack healant and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the healant comprises a penetrating agent and a filling agent, and the penetrating agent is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, a surfactant, an anti-freezing agent, a surface enhancer, an antirust agent and water; the filler is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: lithium silicate solution, polymer acrylic emulsion, inorganic penetrating water repellent, heavy calcium carbonate powder, quartz sand, light calcium carbonate powder, anti-settling agent, acrylic rubber powder, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, defoaming agent, dispersing agent, water and pigment. The repairing agent is an inorganic repairing material with adjustable color, can be compatible with an inorganic portland cement body, has good ultraviolet resistance, does not need wetting maintenance, does not shrink and has strong adhesive force, can greatly improve the level of repairing concrete cracks in the engineering field, and can eliminate the traces of the cracks and restore the attractiveness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a repairing material for buildings, and particularly relates to a color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack repairing agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Concrete belongs to rigid building materials, so various cracks, such as drying shrinkage cracks, temperature cracks, structural stress cracks and the like can be generated in the hardening process, once the concrete cracks, water, carbon dioxide, harmful ions and the like can invade from the cracks to cause corrosion of reinforcing steel bars, once the reinforcing steel bars are corroded, the concrete structure can be further degraded, and the concrete cracks need to be repaired. Common crack repairing technologies comprise a filling method (aiming at the crack width of more than 1.0mm), a pouring method (aiming at the crack width of 0.2-1.0mm) and a surface sealing method (aiming at the crack width of less than 0.2 mm), common repairing materials are divided into an organic material and an inorganic material, the organic material comprises epoxy resin, polyurethane and the like, the defects comprise incompatibility with an inorganic portland cement body, ultraviolet resistance, poor durability and easy stripping, the inorganic material comprises a cement repairing base material, such as plugging and the like, and the defects comprise that a cement base material has higher requirements for wet maintenance, is easy to shrink after hardening and has poorer bonding force with original old concrete. Further, the conventional repair material, whether organic or inorganic, is remarkably different in color from the surrounding concrete, and cannot eliminate the crack trace and restore the beauty.
Therefore, if an inorganic repair material with adjustable color can be developed, wet maintenance is not needed, shrinkage is avoided, and the adhesive force is strong, the level of repairing concrete cracks in the engineering field can be greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack healant, which is an inorganic color-adjustable repair material, does not need wetting maintenance, does not shrink, has strong bonding force, can greatly improve the level of repairing concrete cracks in the engineering field, can eliminate the traces of the cracks, and can restore the attractiveness.
The invention also provides a preparation method, application and a using method of the color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack healant is characterized by comprising a penetrant and a filler, wherein the penetrant is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of sodium silicate, 10-15 parts of potassium silicate, 5-8 parts of lithium silicate, 0.05-0.15 part of surfactant, 0.06-0.1 part of anti-freezing agent, 0.4-0.8 part of surface enhancer, 0.2-0.4 part of antirust agent and 53-69 parts of water; the filler is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of lithium silicate solution, 3-5 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 7-10 parts of inorganic penetrating water repellent, 23-28 parts of heavy calcium powder, 12-16 parts of quartz sand, 15-18 parts of light calcium powder, 0.3-0.5 part of anti-settling agent, 3-5 parts of acrylic rubber powder, 0.5-1 part of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, 0.25-0.5 part of defoaming agent, 0.5-0.75 part of dispersing agent, 28-32 parts of water and 0-0.8 part of pigment.
In the penetrant, the potassium silicate solution is a potassium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 30-40%, the lithium silicate solution is a lithium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 20-30%, and the sodium silicate solution is a sodium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 30-40%; in the filling agent, the lithium silicate solution is a lithium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 20-30%.
Preferably, in the penetrant, the potassium silicate solution is a 30 mass percent potassium silicate aqueous solution, the lithium silicate solution is a 20 mass percent lithium silicate aqueous solution, and the sodium silicate solution is a 40 mass percent sodium silicate aqueous solution; in the filling agent, the lithium silicate solution is a lithium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 20%.
The potassium silicate solution, the lithium silicate solution and the sodium silicate solution are used as main components to participate in reaction to form a crystal, and the crystal can chemically react with calcium ions in the concrete internal pore solution to generate CaSiO3The crystal fills cracks and pores, and the compactness and the waterproof effect are improved. In addition, it can also be mixed with the hydration products Ca (OH) in concrete2Act to generate C-S-H (xCaO. SiO)2·yH2O) a gel waterproof layer, and the waterproof function of the concrete is improved. The lithium silicate solution in the penetrating agent can not only participate in the reaction, but also the lithium silicate is different from sodium silicate and siliconThe potassium silicate and the lithium silicate have the characteristic of self-drying film formation, and the formed film has water irreversibility and can seal cracks on the surface of concrete; the lithium silicate in the filler has the function of binding the filler at the same time of the above function.
Wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Its main function is to reduce the surface tension of the interface and to promote the penetration of the material. In addition, the surfactant can also play a role in dispersion, so that the agglomeration of sodium silicate colloid particles is hindered, the sodium silicate is kept in a nano-scale size, and the permeation along a capillary is facilitated.
Wherein the anti-freezing agent is potassium carbonate. The freezing point can be obviously lowered, the material can not be frozen at the temperature of minus 10 ℃, the liquid phase of the concrete can not be frozen or partially frozen, and the concrete is not frozen.
Preferably, the surface hardening agent is magnesium hexafluorosilicate, which can fix products such as calcium hydroxide on the surface of concrete, prevent the surface from weathering, and improve the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the surface.
The antirust agent is silver diammine hydroxide, and can prevent reinforcing steel bars in concrete from being corroded.
Furthermore, the water is deionized water, and the resistivity is more than or equal to 10 megaohm-cm.
Wherein, the dispersant is stearamide, which has the main function of uniformly dispersing fused powder and is beneficial to improving the strength of the hardened material.
The defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil, and the main function of the defoaming agent is to eliminate material foam and reduce hardened gaps.
Further, the light calcium carbonate powder is 1250-mesh light calcium carbonate powder, the heavy calcium carbonate powder is 600-mesh heavy calcium carbonate powder, and the quartz sand is 325-mesh quartz sand. The filler is used as the filler of the material, and the compactness, strength and hardness and waterproof performance of the material are improved.
The polymer C emulsion is a water dispersion of a high molecular polymer, has the functions of improving the weather resistance, durability, impermeability and compactness of the material, has extremely high bonding force and waterproof and anticorrosion effects, and can inhibit the surface powdering of the hardened filler.
The inorganic permeable hydrophobic is a liquid hydrophobic agent which takes inorganic silicon and inorganic aluminum salt as main components, has the functions of seepage prevention, moisture prevention, mildew prevention and alkali resistance, and has wear resistance and long service life.
The anti-settling agent is a rheological control agent, has a thickening effect, improves the viscosity of the material, enables the material to have thixotropy, and has positive influence on the storage time and the coating performance of the material.
The hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose is a thickening agent, a gelling agent and a water retention agent, plays a role in thickening and water retention, and has similar properties with methyl cellulose.
The acrylic rubber powder has good fluidity and strong universality, remarkably improves the bonding strength of a base, improves the wear resistance, reduces the drying shrinkage and inhibits the occurrence of cracks.
The pigment is water-based carbon black color paste. The invention mixes three fillers with different colors by different parts of water-based carbon black color paste, wherein the white color is 0 part, the silver color is 0.3 part, and the dark gray color is 0.8 part.
The color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to a formula ratio by using the penetrant, then adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding the surfactant, the anti-freezing agent, the surface enhancer and the antirust agent into the water to prepare a mixed solution, finally adding a sodium silicate solution, a potassium silicate solution and a lithium silicate solution, fully and uniformly stirring the mixed solution in the reaction kettle at normal temperature and normal pressure, removing impurities in the solution through filtration, and obtaining the penetrant from a clear solution after the filtration treatment;
(2) the filling agent is prepared by weighing the components according to the formula proportion, sequentially adding water, lithium silicate solution, defoaming agent, dispersing agent, pigment, polymer acrylic emulsion, inorganic penetrating water repellent, coarse whiting powder, quartz sand, light calcium powder, acrylic acid rubber powder, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose and anti-settling agent, and then fully and uniformly dispersing the mixed solution at high speed by using a dispersing machine.
The color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack healer is applied to the repairing of concrete cracks of rigid building materials.
The specific application method of the application comprises the following steps:
firstly, the applied concrete base surface is pretreated: removing oil stains or other impurities on the surface of a crack of a concrete base surface, painting or spraying the crack with a penetrant, using a filling agent with a color similar to that of the concrete or mixing and blending filling agents with different colors to be similar to that of the concrete after the surface is free of clear water, then using the filling agent, embedding the filling agent into the crack, smoothly smearing the filling agent at the edge of the crack, polishing the filling agent by using sand paper after the filling agent is basically hardened, and finally spraying a small amount of penetrant.
In the using process, the using amount of the penetrating agent has no specific requirement, the construction surface is uniformly coated and covered, and the next step is carried out after the construction surface is basically dried; the amount of filler used is not critical, but should be as large as possible to fill and level the cracks. Three fillers with different colors (white, silver white and dark gray) can be prepared by mixing different parts of pigments, if the color of the fillers is similar to that of concrete, the fillers can be directly used, but the actual color of the concrete is not completely similar to that of the prepared fillers, and at the moment, the color of the concrete surface to be repaired can be as close as possible by mutually mixing the fillers with dark color and light color.
In the invention, silicate components in the penetrant can penetrate into the concrete and react with free calcium ions in the concrete to generate crystals to block cracks and pores in the concrete, and meanwhile, the strength and durability of the material are improved by utilizing the bonding effect and the surface treatment effect (surface film forming and water irreversibility) of lithium silicate in the filler. The penetrant of the present invention includes three silicates: the sodium silicate, the potassium silicate and the lithium silicate are characterized in that the nano-scale sodium silicate and the nano-scale potassium silicate can permeate into concrete, crystals are generated by reaction to block cracks and pores in the concrete, and the lithium silicate can permeate into the concrete and also can form a dry film which can not be repeatedly dissolved in water on the surface, so that after the penetrant is used, the cracks of the concrete can be blocked, and the next construction is facilitated; the lithium silicate in the filler improves the strength and durability of the material by utilizing the self-drying and film-forming characteristics of the lithium silicate different from the other two silicates; the penetrant and the filler of the invention both contain silicate, the tri-acid salt has the action of reaction of permeating into the concrete, and the lithium silicate has higher reactivity and self-drying property compared with other two types, and after the water in the solution is evaporated, a water-insoluble dry film can be generated, thus having water irreversibility.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack healant can be compatible with an inorganic portland cement body, the silicate component in the color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack healant can penetrate into the concrete and react with the calcium ions remained in the cement body to generate hydrated calcium silicate crystals with the same service life as a concrete structure, and the problem of crack water leakage can be well solved.
2. The water repellent can form nano-scale crystals with the same service life as concrete after the material is hardened, and a hydrophobic layer is formed on the surface, so that the problem of short service life is solved, and the water repellent has the functions of seepage prevention, moisture prevention, mildew prevention, alkali resistance, pollution prevention and self cleaning.
3. The polymer acrylic emulsion can effectively solve the problems of insufficient sand, powder and hardness of the original base surface and the hardened material.
4. The filler is a dry hardening type material, mainly depends on the self-drying characteristic of lithium silicate in the filler, has low maintenance requirement, simple process, no shrinkage or powder after hardening, high strength, strong bonding force with the original concrete body, difficult peeling and improved durability.
5. The ultraviolet-resistant paint is an inorganic material, has good ultraviolet resistance, does not contain harmful substances such as organic solvents and the like, and is more environment-friendly and safer; so that the coating has good durability and is not easy to peel.
6. The color of the hardened body of the inorganic repair material with the adjustable color has no obvious difference with the color of the surrounding concrete, the color similar to the color of the surrounding concrete can be adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the three repair agents with different colors, the crack trace can be eliminated, and the appearance of the concrete is restored.
In conclusion, the color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack healant comprises a penetrating agent and a filling agent, wherein the penetrating agent and the filling agent both contain a large amount of silicate components, can deeply penetrate into concrete and react with calcium ions remained in a cement body to generate hydrated calcium silicate crystals with the same service life as a concrete structure, and can well solve the problem of crack water leakage. The base material of the filler is lithium silicate, which is different from other silicates (sodium silicate and lithium silicate, wherein the sodium silicate is dissolved again when meeting water after being dried) lithium silicate has self-drying characteristic, and a water-insoluble dry film can be generated after the water in the solution is evaporated, so that the water-insoluble dry film has water irreversibility and the function of binding the filler; the penetrant of the invention uses three silicates, sodium silicate and potassium silicate have good effect on blocking cracks penetrating into the concrete, and lithium silicate is added, which is different from the former two silicates with the characteristic of self-drying film forming. In addition, the material is inorganic, environment-friendly and safe, and the inorganic material has better durability compared with the organic material.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrated.
All raw materials of the invention are commercial building materials or industrial auxiliary agents.
The sources of the raw materials used in the examples are as follows:
the lithium silicate is a lithium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 20%: zhejiang tungxiang Hengli chemical Co., Ltd. -20% lithium silicate solution;
the sodium silicate is a sodium silicate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 40%: a 40% sodium silicate solution from Shanghai Yuna chemical Co., Ltd;
the potassium silicate is a potassium silicate water solution with the mass fraction of 30%: shanghai Yuna chemical Co., Ltd. -30% potassium silicate solution;
surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate: zhengzhou Jiahang chemical products Limited-sodium dodecyl sulfate;
the surface hardening agent is magnesium hexafluorosilicate: magnesium hexafluorosilicate, Jinhuafenghui, Jinan, Biotech ltd;
the rust inhibitor is silver diammine hydroxide: wenzhou Olympic science and technology Limited-silver diammine hydroxide rust remover;
the dispersant is stearamide: zhengzhou Huidong chemical products Co., Ltd.) -stearamide;
the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil: guangzhou ear Xin chemical company limited-dimethicone;
the light calcium powder is light calcium carbonate: zhengzhou Xinjiuda chemical products limited company-1250 mesh light calcium carbonate powder;
the heavy calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate of-600 mesh, HEBEIQIAOQIAOYIN environmental protection technology GmbH;
the quartz sand is 325 mesh quartz sand of Changxing Qingsheng calcium industry Co Ltd;
polymer C emulsion: pure acrylic emulsion with weight average molecular weight of 10000-;
inorganic penetrating water repellent: CS-II inorganic penetrating water repellent of Suzhou Jia solider new material science and technology ltd;
anti-settling agent: lithium magnesium silicate anti-settling agent, Guangzhou Shengxin chemical technology Limited;
hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose: hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, Shandong Youso chemical science and technology Co., Ltd;
acrylic acid rubber powder: acrylic acid redispersible emulsion powder, Beijing Oriental Australian Chinese Korea liability company;
the pigment is water-based carbon black color paste: MA100 carbon black pigment, Shandong Youso chemical technology Co.
Example 1
Color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant
Penetrant (parts by weight): 12 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 40%), 12 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 30%), 6 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 0.12 part of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.08 part of anti-freezing agent potassium carbonate, 0.5 part of surface hardening agent magnesium hexafluorosilicate, 0.4 part of antirust agent silver diammine hydroxide and 65 parts of deionized water.
Fillers (parts by weight): 12 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 4 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 8 parts of inorganic penetrating water repellent, 25 parts of heavy calcium powder, 15 parts of quartz sand, 16 parts of light calcium powder, 0.5 part of anti-settling agent lithium magnesium silicate, 5 parts of acrylic rubber powder, 0.75 part of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, 0.3 part of defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil, 0.6 part of dispersant stearamide, 30 parts of deionized water and 0.3 part of pigment (silver white).
Example 2
Color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant
Penetrant (parts by weight): 10 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 40%), 10 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 30%), 5 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 0.05 part of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.06 part of anti-freezing agent potassium carbonate, 0.4 part of surface hardening agent magnesium hexafluorosilicate, 0.2 part of antirust agent silver diammine hydroxide and 53 parts of deionized water.
Fillers (parts by weight): 8 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 3 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 7 parts of inorganic penetrating water repellent, 23 parts of heavy calcium powder, 12 parts of quartz sand, 15 parts of light calcium powder, 0.3 part of anti-settling agent lithium magnesium silicate, 3 parts of acrylic rubber powder, 0.5 part of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, 0.25 part of defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil, 0.5 part of dispersant stearamide, 28 parts of deionized water and 0.3 part of pigment (silver white).
Example 3
Color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant
Penetrant (parts by weight): 15 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 40%), 15 parts of potassium silicate solution (mass fraction is 30%), 8 parts of lithium silicate solution (mass fraction is 20%), 0.15 part of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.1 part of anti-freezing agent potassium carbonate, 0.8 part of surface hardening agent magnesium hexafluorosilicate, 0.4 part of antirust agent silver diammine hydroxide and 69 parts of deionized water.
Fillers (parts by weight): 12 parts of lithium silicate solution (mass fraction is 20%), 5 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 10 parts of inorganic penetrating water repellent, 28 parts of heavy calcium powder, 16 parts of quartz sand, 18 parts of light calcium powder, 0.5 part of anti-settling agent lithium magnesium silicate, 5 parts of acrylic rubber powder, 1 part of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, 0.5 part of defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil, 0.75 part of dispersant stearamide, 32 parts of deionized water and 0.3 part of pigment (silver white).
Example 4
Color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant
Penetrant (parts by weight): 15 parts of sodium silicate solution aqueous solution (mass fraction is 40%), 10 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 30%), 5 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 0.15 part of surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.06 part of anti-freezing agent potassium carbonate, 0.8 part of surface hardening agent magnesium hexafluorosilicate, 0.2 part of antirust agent silver diammine hydroxide and 69 parts of deionized water.
Fillers (parts by weight): 10 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 3 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 10 parts of inorganic penetrating water repellent, 28 parts of heavy calcium powder, 12 parts of quartz sand, 18 parts of light calcium powder, 0.5 part of anti-settling agent lithium magnesium silicate, 3 parts of acrylic rubber powder, 0.5 part of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, 0.5 part of defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil, 0.5 part of dispersant stearamide, 30 parts of deionized water and 0.3 part of pigment (silver white).
Example 5
Color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant
Penetrant (parts by weight): 12 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 40%), 12 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 30%), 6 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 0.12 part of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.08 part of anti-freezing agent potassium carbonate, 0.5 part of surface hardening agent magnesium hexafluorosilicate, 0.4 part of antirust agent silver diammine hydroxide and 65 parts of deionized water.
Fillers (parts by weight): 12 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 4 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 8 parts of inorganic penetrating water repellent, 25 parts of heavy calcium powder, 15 parts of quartz sand, 16 parts of light calcium powder, 0.5 part of anti-settling agent lithium magnesium silicate, 5 parts of acrylic rubber powder, 0.75 part of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, 0.3 part of defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil, 0.6 part of dispersant stearamide, 30 parts of deionized water and 0 part of pigment (white).
Example 6
Color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant
Penetrant (parts by weight): 12 parts of sodium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 40%), 12 parts of potassium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 30%), 6 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 0.12 part of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.08 part of anti-freezing agent potassium carbonate, 0.5 part of surface hardening agent magnesium hexafluorosilicate, 0.4 part of antirust agent silver diammine hydroxide and 65 parts of deionized water.
Fillers (parts by weight): 12 parts of lithium silicate aqueous solution (mass fraction is 20%), 4 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 8 parts of inorganic penetrating water repellent, 25 parts of heavy calcium powder, 15 parts of quartz sand, 16 parts of light calcium powder, 0.5 part of anti-settling agent lithium magnesium silicate, 5 parts of acrylic rubber powder, 0.75 part of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, 0.3 part of defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil, 0.6 part of dispersant stearamide, 30 parts of deionized water and 0.8 part of pigment (dark gray).
In the above examples, an aqueous solution of sodium silicate (30% by mass), an aqueous solution of potassium silicate (40% by mass), and an aqueous solution of lithium silicate (30% by mass) may be used.
Example 7
The components are weighed according to any one of the formulation proportions in examples 1 to 6
(1) Weighing the components according to a formula ratio by using the penetrant, then adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding the surfactant, the anti-freezing agent, the surface enhancer and the antirust agent into the water to prepare a mixed solution, finally adding a sodium silicate solution, a potassium silicate solution and a lithium silicate solution, fully and uniformly stirring the mixed solution in the reaction kettle at normal temperature and normal pressure, removing impurities in the solution through filtration, and obtaining the penetrant from a clear solution after the filtration treatment;
(2) the filling agent is prepared by weighing the components according to the formula proportion, sequentially adding water, lithium silicate solution, defoaming agent, dispersing agent, pigment, polymer acrylic emulsion, inorganic penetrating water repellent, coarse whiting powder, quartz sand, light calcium powder, acrylic acid rubber powder, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose and anti-settling agent, and then fully and uniformly dispersing the mixed solution at high speed by using a dispersing machine.
Example 8
The color-adjustable shrinkage-free air hardening crack healant has the following use process:
firstly, the applied concrete base surface is pretreated: removing oil stains or other impurities on the surface of a crack of a concrete base surface, painting or spraying the crack with a penetrant, using a filling agent with a color similar to that of the concrete or mixing and blending filling agents with different colors to be similar to that of the concrete after the surface is free of clear water, then using the filling agent, embedding the filling agent into the crack, smoothly smearing the filling agent at the edge of the crack, polishing the filling agent by using sand paper after the filling agent is basically hardened, and finally spraying a small amount of penetrant.
Test example 1
The test of the color-adjustable non-shrinkage air-hardening crack repair in the embodiment 1 of the invention mainly includes that different silicate solutions are used, and whether the filler has fine cracks after being hardened, whether the filler is water repellent and whether the filler is softened when meeting water is taken as evaluation criteria, and the detection results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1 is a formulation and manufacturing process using example 1, except that sodium silicate is used as the filler.
Comparative example 2 is the formulation and preparation of example 1, except that potassium silicate is used as the filler.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1 above and the preparation process, in comparative example 1, although the fluidity during the stirring process was good and the surface was water-repellent after hardening, the filler was dissolved; comparative example 2 after curing, the cured product did not soften when exposed to water, but fine cracks were formed after curing. The lithium silicate used in the filler is used because the lithium silicate can be used as an adhesive in the invention, has high strength and good adhesiveness, has water irreversibility, and cannot be dissolved again when meeting water; and the second one can be used as a surface treating agent, and a film is formed after drying, and the film can be waterproof, moisture-proof and gas-barrier. The lithium silicate in the filler mainly plays a role in binding the filler and drying and hardening the surface to form a film, and the lithium silicate in the penetrating agent also utilizes the film forming function of the lithium silicate except the reaction of the lithium silicate with concrete.
Test example 2
The color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack repair test of the embodiment 1 of the invention mainly comprises the evaluation criteria of surface hardness and surface powdering after the filler is hardened, and the detection result is shown in table 2.
Comparative example 3, wherein the formulation and method of preparation of example 1 were used, was different in that no polymer propylene emulsion was added to the filler.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the above table, the addition of the polymer-acrylic emulsion component in example 1 compared with comparative example 3 can both suppress the powdering phenomenon of the hardened surface of the filler and improve the hardness of the hardened surface of the filler.
In addition, the non-cement-based material is used, most of the existing crack repairing materials are cement-based materials, so that the materials do not need to be maintained; the difficulty in shrinkage after hardening can be achieved by the fact that no cracking occurs after hardening in test example 1; the invention does not contain cement, so the problem of weak interface bonding between new and old concrete does not exist.
Claims (10)
1. The color-adjustable shrinkage-free air-hardening crack healant is characterized by comprising a penetrating agent and a filling agent, wherein the penetrating agent is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of sodium silicate solution, 10-15 parts of potassium silicate solution, 5-8 parts of lithium silicate solution, 0.05-0.15 part of surfactant, 0.06-0.1 part of anti-freezing agent, 0.4-0.8 part of surface enhancer, 0.2-0.4 part of antirust agent and 53-69 parts of water; the filler is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of lithium silicate solution, 3-5 parts of polymer propyl emulsion, 7-10 parts of inorganic penetrating water repellent, 23-28 parts of heavy calcium powder, 12-16 parts of quartz sand, 15-18 parts of light calcium powder, 0.3-0.5 part of anti-settling agent, 3-5 parts of acrylic rubber powder, 0.5-1 part of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, 0.25-0.5 part of defoaming agent, 0.5-0.75 part of dispersing agent, 28-32 parts of water and 0-0.8 part of pigment.
2. The color-tunable shrinkage-free air-hardenable crack healer according to claim 1, wherein the penetrant comprises 30-40% by weight of an aqueous solution of potassium silicate, 20-30% by weight of a solution of lithium silicate, 30-40% by weight of a solution of sodium silicate, and 20-30% by weight of a solution of lithium silicate in a filler.
3. The color tunable shrink-free air-hardenable crack healer according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is preferably sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
4. The color-tunable shrink-free air-hardenable crack healer according to claim 1, wherein the anti-freezing agent is potassium carbonate.
5. The color tunable shrink-free air-hardening crack healer according to claim 1, wherein the surface enhancer is magnesium hexafluorosilicate and the rust inhibitor is silver diammine hydroxide.
6. The color tunable shrink-free air-hardenable crack healer according to claim 1, wherein the dispersing agent is stearamide and the defoaming agent is dimethicone.
7. The color-tunable shrink-free air-hardenable crack healant according to claim 1, wherein the light calcium carbonate powder is ultra-fine light calcium carbonate.
8. The color tunable shrink-free air-hardenable fracture healant of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing the components according to a formula ratio by using the penetrant, then adding water into a reaction kettle, sequentially adding the surfactant, the anti-freezing agent, the surface enhancer and the antirust agent into the water to prepare a mixed solution, finally adding a sodium silicate solution, a potassium silicate solution and a lithium silicate solution, fully and uniformly stirring the mixed solution in the reaction kettle, removing impurities in the solution through filtration, and filtering the clear solution to prepare the penetrant;
(2) the filling agent is prepared by weighing the components according to the formula proportion, sequentially adding water, lithium silicate solution, defoaming agent, dispersing agent, pigment, polymer acrylic emulsion, inorganic penetrating water repellent, coarse whiting powder, quartz sand, light calcium powder, acrylic acid rubber powder, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose and anti-settling agent, and then fully and uniformly dispersing the mixed solution at high speed by using a dispersing machine.
9. Use of the color tunable non-shrinking air-hardening crack healer according to claim 1 in the repair of concrete cracks in rigid building materials.
10. The application according to claim 9, wherein the specific using method of the application comprises the following steps:
firstly, the applied concrete base surface is pretreated: removing oil stains or other impurities on the surface of a crack of a concrete base surface, painting or spraying the crack with a penetrant, using a filler with a color similar to that of the concrete or mixing fillers with different colors to prepare the filler with the color similar to that of the concrete after the surface is free of clear water, then using the filler, embedding the filler into the crack, smoothly smearing the filler at the edge of the crack, polishing the filler with sand paper after the filler is basically hardened, and finally spraying a small amount of the penetrant.
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