CN111115935A - Salt recovery system and method for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater - Google Patents
Salt recovery system and method for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN111115935A CN111115935A CN201911396414.XA CN201911396414A CN111115935A CN 111115935 A CN111115935 A CN 111115935A CN 201911396414 A CN201911396414 A CN 201911396414A CN 111115935 A CN111115935 A CN 111115935A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C1/00—Producing ice
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C5/00—Working or handling ice
- F25C5/02—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice
- F25C5/04—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice without the use of saws
- F25C5/12—Ice-shaving machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a salt recovery system and a method for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater, comprising an ice crystal generator, an ice making circulating pump, a first circulating pump, an ice crystal separator and an ice storage tank; the ice crystal separator is of a vertically arranged barrel-shaped structure, the left side of the ice crystal separator is provided with an ice crystal generator, a heat exchange pipe is vertically and hermetically arranged in the ice crystal generator, the interior of the heat exchange pipe is not communicated with the interior of the ice crystal generator, and an interlayer cavity is formed; the interlayer cavity is filled with flowing refrigerant, and the interior of the heat exchange tube is cooled by the refrigerant; a solution outlet of the ice crystal separator is hermetically communicated with an inlet of the heat exchange tube through an ice making circulating pump, and an outlet of the heat exchange tube is hermetically communicated with an ice crystal inlet of the ice crystal separator through a first circulating pump; an ice storage tank is horizontally arranged on the right side of the ice crystal separator, and an ice crystal outlet of the ice crystal separator is communicated with the ice storage tank in a sealing manner. The invention effectively separates the salt and the harmful substances in the waste water, and improves the working efficiency and the recycling rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a salt recovery system and method for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater.
Background
A large amount of high-salt wastewater can be generated in the production processes of textile printing and dyeing, chemical production, pesticide production and the like, and the high-salt wastewater treatment has the characteristics of high difficulty, low removal rate and the like. The purification technologies mainly adopted at present are: 1) A physical and chemical method: including distillation, resin adsorption, membrane separation, deep oxidation, incineration, and the like; 2) Biological treatment; 3) A physicochemical-biochemical combined method; 4) A freeze concentration method.
The common characteristics of the existing physical and chemical methods, biological treatment methods and physical and chemical combined biochemical methods are that large-scale production equipment is high in cost, scaling and corrosion are easy to occur, and the phenomena of high energy consumption, short service life, possibility of causing secondary pollution, incapability of completely separating water and salt and the like exist.
The freeze concentration method is a waste water treatment method which is recently developed, because the freezing point of solute is far lower than that of pure water, when the waste water is frozen, the pure water can repel impurities and is firstly separated out in a solid phase, the residual mother liquor is concentrated, the solid phase and the liquid phase are separated, ice crystals can be obtained, and the ice crystals can be melted to obtain purer reclaimed water and can also be used in an air conditioning system, so that the method is concerned.
Salt and harmful substance in the waste water can not be detached well among the current high salt waste water treatment process, cause the waste water after handling still can't reach the emission index that the standard required, simultaneously, because current high salt effluent disposal system, the waste water after mostly will handling directly discharges, available material in the waste water can not be retrieved, causes the very big waste of resource. The above problems need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a salt recovery system and a salt recovery method for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater, which can effectively separate salt and harmful substances in the wastewater, improve the working efficiency and the recovery utilization rate, and have the advantages of low energy consumption, high automation degree, high purification efficiency, long service life and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention discloses a salt recovery system for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater, which has the innovation points that: the ice-making machine comprises an ice crystal generator, an ice-making circulating pump, a first circulating pump, an ice crystal separator and an ice storage tank; the ice crystal separator is of a vertically arranged barrel-shaped structure, and an ice crystal generator is also vertically arranged on the left side of the ice crystal separator; the inside of the ice crystal generator is also vertically and fixedly provided with a heat exchange pipe in a sealing way, and the inside of the heat exchange pipe is not communicated with the inside of the ice crystal generator to form an interlayer cavity; the interlayer cavities of the ice crystal generator and the heat exchange tube are filled with flowing refrigerant, and the interior of the heat exchange tube is subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction through the refrigerant; the solution outlet of the ice crystal separator is in sealed communication with the inlet of the heat exchange tube through an ice making circulating pump, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube is in sealed communication with the ice crystal inlet of the ice crystal separator through a first circulating pump; an ice storage tank is horizontally arranged on the right side of the ice crystal separator, and an ice crystal outlet of the ice crystal separator is communicated with the ice storage tank in a sealing manner.
Preferably, the solution outlet of the ice crystal separator is arranged at the lower position of the left side surface of the ice crystal separator and is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator; the ice crystal inlet of the ice crystal separator is arranged in the middle of the left side surface of the ice crystal separator and is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator; the ice crystal outlet of the ice crystal separator is arranged at the upper position of the right side surface of the ice crystal separator and is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator; the inlet of the heat exchange tube is arranged at the upper position of the right side surface of the heat exchange tube, vertically extends out of the ice crystal generator and is communicated with the inside of the heat exchange tube in a sealing way; the outlet of the heat exchange tube is arranged at the lower position of the left side surface of the heat exchange tube, vertically extends out of the ice crystal generator and is communicated with the inside of the heat exchange tube in a sealing way.
Preferably, the ice crystal separator's inside is on the upper side the position still level and is equipped with scrapes ice mechanism, scrape the stiff end of ice mechanism with the interior top surface fixed connection of ice crystal separator, and its expansion end level sets up ice crystal separator's ice crystal export left side top to scrape out the ice crystal and fall into ice crystal separator's ice crystal export.
Preferably, a compression condensing unit is further arranged on the left side of the ice crystal generator, and the compression condensing unit is communicated with an interlayer cavity in the ice crystal generator in a sealing manner to form a refrigeration cycle system and provide a cold source for the inside of the heat exchange tube.
Preferably, the system also comprises a precooling heat exchanger, a water replenishing pump and a second circulating pump; the precooling heat exchanger is divided into two flow passages which are not communicated with each other through a heat exchange surface of the precooling heat exchanger, and heat exchange is carried out between the two flow passages; the bottom of the ice crystal separator is also provided with a liquid supplementing port, and the output end of the water supplementing pump is hermetically communicated with the liquid supplementing port of the ice crystal separator through a flow channel of the precooling heat exchanger and is used for supplementing liquid to the interior of the ice crystal separator; the ice storage tank is communicated with the other flow passage of the precooling heat exchanger in a sealing way through a second circulating pump, and a cold source is provided for one flow passage of the precooling heat exchanger.
Preferably, the microwave vacuum dryer also comprises a drainage pump and a microwave vacuum dryer; and the bottom of the ice crystal separator is also provided with a liquid discharge port, the liquid discharge port of the ice crystal separator is hermetically communicated with the microwave vacuum dryer through a drainage pump, and strong brine in the ice crystal separator is discharged into the microwave vacuum dryer for drying.
Preferably, the system also comprises a plate heat exchanger and a third circulating pump; the plate heat exchanger is divided into two flow passages which are not communicated with each other through a heat exchange surface of the plate heat exchanger, and heat exchange is carried out between the two flow passages; and the ice storage tank, the third circulating pump and a flow channel of the plate heat exchanger are sequentially connected to form a cold supply circulating system, and a cold source is provided for air conditioning water in the other flow channel of the plate heat exchanger.
The invention discloses a salt recovery method for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) firstly, preparing a refrigerant at minus 30 to minus 5 ℃ by a flooded compression condensing unit, sending the refrigerant into an interlayer cavity of an ice crystal generator and a heat exchange tube to form a refrigeration cycle system, and providing a cold source for the interior of the heat exchange tube;
(2) sending the pretreated high-salinity wastewater into a flow channel of a pre-cooling heat exchanger through a water replenishing pump, performing heat exchange with another flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger, cooling to 5-15 ℃, and sending the pretreated high-salinity wastewater into an ice crystal separator for liquid replenishing;
(3) the ice making circulating pump extracts high-salt wastewater in the ice crystal separator, the high-salt wastewater enters the interior of the heat exchange tube through the inlet of the heat exchange tube, and is subjected to heat exchange with a refrigerant in the interlayer cavity of the ice crystal generator and then is cooled to form ice crystals and strong brine, the ice crystals enter the interior of the ice crystal separator along with the strong brine through the outlet of the heat exchange tube, and the ice crystals float and gather; then ice crystals are scraped out by an ice scraping mechanism and fall into an ice storage tank for storage through an ice crystal outlet of an ice crystal separator;
(4) part of ice crystals in the ice storage tank enter a flow channel of the plate heat exchanger through a third circulating pump to form a cold supply circulating system, and provide a cold source for air conditioning water in the other flow channel of the plate heat exchanger;
(5) the other part of the ice crystals in the ice storage tank enters the other flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger through a second circulating pump, is subjected to heat exchange with high-salt wastewater in one flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger and then is heated and melted to form usable purified water, and then flows out through an outlet of the other flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger;
(6) the concentration of strong brine in the ice crystal separator is continuously increased, liquid supply to the interior of the ice crystal separator is stopped through a water supply pump, and then the strong brine is sent into a microwave vacuum dryer through a drain pump to be dried to form solid salt and available purified water; and continuing to circulate the steps.
Preferably, in the step (3), the ice storage tank is a cold-insulation closed metal tank or a glass fiber reinforced plastic tank with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.020W/(m.K).
Preferably, in the step (6), the microwave vacuum dryer dries the concentrated brine by using vacuum and microwaves, and the boiling point of water is 62 ℃ under a vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can effectively separate the salt and the harmful substances in the wastewater, is suitable for large-scale production, not only improves the working efficiency and the recycling rate and reduces the production cost, but also has the advantages of low energy consumption, high automation degree, long service life, high purification efficiency, no secondary pollution and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a salt recovery system for freeze concentration and purification of high-salinity wastewater according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1-a compression condensing unit; 2-precooling heat exchanger; 3-an ice crystal generator; 4-an ice crystal separator; 5-ice storage tank; 6-microwave vacuum dryer; 7-a plate heat exchanger; 8-a water replenishing pump; 9-an ice scraping mechanism; 10-ice crystal inlet; 11-ice crystal outlet; 12-a solution outlet; 13-an ice making circulation pump; 14-a first circulation pump; 15-fluid infusion port; 16-a liquid drain port; 17-a second circulation pump; 18-a drain pump; 19-third circulation pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described by the following detailed description.
The invention discloses a salt recovery system for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater, which comprises an ice crystal generator 3, an ice making circulating pump 13, a first circulating pump 14, an ice crystal separator 4 and an ice storage tank 5; the specific structure is as shown in fig. 1, the ice crystal separator 4 is a vertically arranged barrel-shaped structure, and a solution outlet 12 is vertically arranged at the lower position of the left side surface of the ice crystal separator, and the solution outlet 12 is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator 4; an ice crystal inlet 10 is also vertically arranged in the middle of the left side surface of the ice crystal separator 4, and the ice crystal inlet 10 is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator 4; an ice crystal outlet 11 is vertically arranged on the upper position of the right side surface of the ice crystal separator 4, and the ice crystal outlet 11 is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator 4.
The ice crystal generator 3 is also vertically arranged on the left side of the ice crystal separator 4; a heat exchange pipe is vertically and fixedly arranged inside the ice crystal generator 3 in a sealing way, the inside of the heat exchange pipe is not communicated with the inside of the ice crystal generator 3, and an interlayer cavity is formed; the interlayer cavities of the ice crystal generator 3 and the heat exchange tubes are filled with flowing refrigerants, and the interiors of the heat exchange tubes are subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction through the refrigerants; wherein, the inlet of the heat exchange tube is arranged at the upper position of the right side surface of the heat exchange tube, vertically extends out of the ice crystal generator 3 and is communicated with the inside of the heat exchange tube in a sealing way; the outlet of the heat exchange tube is arranged at the lower position of the left side surface of the heat exchange tube, vertically extends out of the ice crystal generator 3 and is communicated with the inside of the heat exchange tube in a sealing way. In the invention, the solution outlet 12 of the ice crystal separator 4 is hermetically communicated with the inlet of the heat exchange tube through the ice making circulating pump 13, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube is hermetically communicated with the ice crystal inlet 10 of the ice crystal separator 4 through the first circulating pump 14, thereby forming a circulating system for cooling the high-salinity wastewater and separating out the ice crystals.
On the basis of the invention, the ice crystal generator can also adopt the following internal structure: firstly, dividing the interior of the ice crystal generator into an upper sealing cavity, an interlayer cavity and a lower sealing cavity through an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate, wherein a heat exchange tube is vertically arranged in the interlayer cavity, and the upper end and the lower end of the heat exchange tube respectively vertically extend out of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate and are respectively communicated with the upper sealing cavity and the lower sealing cavity in a sealing manner; the heat exchange tube is not communicated with the interlayer cavity, and the interlayer cavity is filled with flowing refrigerant;
a rotating device is also arranged in the ice crystal generator 3 and comprises a speed reducer, an eccentric driving shaft, a driving plate and a stirring shaft; the speed reducer is vertically arranged in the upper sealing cavity and is fixedly connected with the upper tube plate; the output end of the speed reducer vertically extends downwards to the inside of the heat exchange tube, is connected with the drive plate through an eccentric drive shaft and drives the drive plate to do circular motion; the driving plate is horizontally arranged at the upper position inside the heat exchange tube, is arranged above the left side of the inlet of the heat exchange tube and is matched with the inside of the heat exchange tube; a stirring shaft is also vertically arranged below the drive plate, a flat flange exceeding the diameter of the stirring shaft is arranged at the upper end of the stirring shaft, the upper end of the stirring shaft vertically extends upwards to the upper surface of the drive plate and is suspended on the upper surface of the drive plate through the flat flange, and the lower end of the stirring shaft vertically extends downwards to the lower end of the heat exchange tube; under the driving of a speed reducer, an eccentric driving shaft drives a driving plate to do circumferential rotation, the driving plate drives a stirring shaft to do circumferential motion in a heat exchange tube along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, and meanwhile, the stirring shaft respectively rotates along the circle center under the action of resistance, so that high-salinity wastewater entering the heat exchange tube rotates downwards in a vortex state; not only strengthens the heat exchange effect of the high-salinity wastewater and the refrigerant outside the heat exchange pipe, but also ensures that the precipitated ice crystals are not bonded on the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe
The left side of the ice crystal generator 3 is also provided with a compression condensing unit 1, as shown in fig. 1, the compression condensing unit 1 is communicated with an interlayer cavity in the ice crystal generator 3 in a sealing way to form a refrigeration cycle system, flowing refrigerant is provided for the interlayer cavity of the ice crystal generator 3, and a cold source is provided for the interior of a heat exchange tube through the refrigerant.
An ice storage tank 5 is horizontally arranged on the right side of an ice crystal separator 4, and an ice crystal outlet 11 of the ice crystal separator 4 is communicated with the ice storage tank 5 in a sealing way; as shown in fig. 1, an ice scraping mechanism 9 is further horizontally arranged at an upper position inside the ice crystal separator 4, a fixed end of the ice scraping mechanism 9 is fixedly connected with an inner top surface of the ice crystal separator 4, and a movable end of the ice scraping mechanism 9 is horizontally arranged above the left side of an ice crystal outlet 11 of the ice crystal separator 4, and the ice crystals are scraped out and fall into the ice storage tank 5 through the ice crystal outlet 11 of the ice crystal separator 4 for storage.
The precooling heat exchanger 2 is divided into two flow passages which are not communicated with each other through a heat exchange surface, and heat exchange is carried out between the two flow passages; as shown in fig. 1, a liquid replenishing port 15 is further provided at the bottom of the ice crystal separator 4, and the output end of the water replenishing pump 8 is in sealed communication with the liquid replenishing port 15 of the ice crystal separator 4 through a flow passage of the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2, and high-salt wastewater is replenished into the ice crystal separator 4; the ice storage tank 5 is hermetically communicated with the other flow passage of the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2 through the second circulating pump 17, and provides a cold source for the flow passage of the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2, so that the high-salinity wastewater enters the heat exchange pipe of the ice crystal generator 3 through the ice crystal separator 4 and the ice making circulating pump 13 in sequence after being cooled, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compression condensing unit 1 and improving the system treatment efficiency.
The invention also provides a liquid outlet 16 at the bottom of the ice crystal separator 4, as shown in figure 1, the liquid outlet 16 of the ice crystal separator 4 is hermetically communicated with the microwave vacuum dryer 6 through a drain pump 18, and concentrated brine in the ice crystal separator 4 is discharged into the microwave vacuum dryer 6 for drying. In the invention, the concentration of the strong brine is increased along with the continuous increase of the ice crystals, when the concentration is increased to a certain degree, the liquid supply to the ice crystal separator 4 by the water supply pump 8 is stopped, and then the strong brine in the ice crystal separator 4 is discharged into the microwave vacuum dryer 6 for drying by the water discharge pump 18 to form solid salt and clean water for use; the low-temperature drying is realized by adopting microwave heating and vacuum, the energy-saving effect is obvious, the solid salt can be recycled, the resources are saved, and the cost is reduced.
The plate heat exchanger 7 is divided into two flow passages which are not communicated with each other through a heat exchange surface, and heat exchange is carried out between the two flow passages; as shown in fig. 1, the ice storage tank 5 is connected with the third circulation pump 19 and a flow channel of the plate heat exchanger 7 in sequence to form a cooling circulation system, and provides a cooling source for air conditioning water in another flow channel of the plate heat exchanger 7.
The invention relates to a salt recovery method for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly, a flooded compression condensing unit 1 prepares a refrigerant at-30 to-5 ℃ or other temperatures, the refrigerant is sent into an ice crystal generator 3 and an interlayer cavity of a heat exchange tube to form a refrigeration cycle system, and a cold source is provided for the interior of the heat exchange tube;
in the steps, the temperature of the refrigerant prepared by the compression condensing unit 1 is-8 ℃;
(2) the pretreated high-salinity wastewater is sent into a flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2 through a water replenishing pump 8, is subjected to heat exchange with another flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2, is cooled to 5-15 ℃, and is sent into an ice crystal separator 4 for liquid replenishing;
in the steps, the high-salinity wastewater is pretreated into softening, filtering and oxidizing, and the temperature of the high-salinity wastewater after being cooled by the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2 is 10 ℃, so that the energy consumption of the compression condensing unit 1 is reduced;
(3) the ice making circulating pump 13 extracts high-salt wastewater in the ice crystal separator 4, the high-salt wastewater enters the interior of the heat exchange tube through the inlet of the heat exchange tube, and is cooled to form ice crystals and strong brine after exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the interlayer cavity of the ice crystal generator 3, the ice crystals enter the interior of the ice crystal separator 4 along with the strong brine through the outlet of the heat exchange tube, and the ice crystals float and gather; ice crystals are scraped out by an ice scraping mechanism 9 and fall into an ice storage tank 5 for storage through an ice crystal outlet 11 of the ice crystal separator 4;
in the above steps, the ice storage tank 5 adopts a cold-insulation closed metal tank or a glass fiber reinforced plastic tank with the thermal conductivity coefficient less than 0.020W/(m.K);
(4) a part of ice crystals in the ice storage tank 5 enter a flow channel of the plate heat exchanger 7 through a third circulating pump 19 to form a cold supply circulating system, and provide a cold source for air conditioning water in the other flow channel of the plate heat exchanger 7;
(5) another part of the ice crystals in the ice storage tank 5 enters another flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2 through a second circulating pump 17, is subjected to heat exchange with the high-salt wastewater in one flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2, is heated and melted to form usable purified water, and then flows out through an outlet of another flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger 2;
(6) the concentration of the strong brine in the ice crystal separator 4 is continuously increased, when the concentration is increased to a certain degree, the liquid supply to the interior of the ice crystal separator 4 through the water supply pump 8 is stopped, and then the strong brine is sent into the microwave vacuum dryer 6 through the drain pump 18 to be dried to form solid salt and clean water which can be used; continuously circulating the steps;
in the steps, the microwave vacuum dryer 6 dries the strong brine by adopting vacuum and microwave, and the boiling point of the water is 62 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa; therefore, under the condition of sub-vacuum, the moisture in the concentrated brine is quickly evaporated at a low temperature, so that low-temperature drying is realized, and the energy-saving effect is obvious.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can effectively separate the salt and the harmful substances in the wastewater, is suitable for large-scale production, not only improves the working efficiency and the recycling rate and reduces the production cost, but also has the advantages of low energy consumption, high automation degree, long service life, high purification efficiency, no secondary pollution and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall into the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention as claimed are all described in the technical claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a salt recovery system of freezing concentration purification high salt waste water which characterized in that: the ice-making machine comprises an ice crystal generator, an ice-making circulating pump, a first circulating pump, an ice crystal separator and an ice storage tank; the ice crystal separator is of a vertically arranged barrel-shaped structure, and an ice crystal generator is also vertically arranged on the left side of the ice crystal separator; the inside of the ice crystal generator is also vertically and fixedly provided with a heat exchange pipe in a sealing way, and the inside of the heat exchange pipe is not communicated with the inside of the ice crystal generator to form an interlayer cavity; the interlayer cavities of the ice crystal generator and the heat exchange tube are filled with flowing refrigerant, and the interior of the heat exchange tube is subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction through the refrigerant; the solution outlet of the ice crystal separator is in sealed communication with the inlet of the heat exchange tube through an ice making circulating pump, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube is in sealed communication with the ice crystal inlet of the ice crystal separator through a first circulating pump; an ice storage tank is horizontally arranged on the right side of the ice crystal separator, and an ice crystal outlet of the ice crystal separator is communicated with the ice storage tank in a sealing manner.
2. The salt recovery system for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solution outlet of the ice crystal separator is arranged at the lower position of the left side surface of the ice crystal separator and is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator; the ice crystal inlet of the ice crystal separator is arranged in the middle of the left side surface of the ice crystal separator and is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator; the ice crystal outlet of the ice crystal separator is arranged at the upper position of the right side surface of the ice crystal separator and is communicated with the inside of the ice crystal separator; the inlet of the heat exchange tube is arranged at the upper position of the right side surface of the heat exchange tube, vertically extends out of the ice crystal generator and is communicated with the inside of the heat exchange tube in a sealing way; the outlet of the heat exchange tube is arranged at the lower position of the left side surface of the heat exchange tube, vertically extends out of the ice crystal generator and is communicated with the inside of the heat exchange tube in a sealing way.
3. The salt recovery system for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ice crystal separator's inside is on the higher level still and is equipped with scrapes ice mechanism, scrape the stiff end of ice mechanism with the interior top surface fixed connection of ice crystal separator, and its expansion end level sets up the ice crystal export left side top of ice crystal separator to scrape out the ice crystal and fall into the ice crystal export of ice crystal separator.
4. The salt recovery system for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left side of ice crystal generator still is equipped with the compression condensing unit, the compression condensing unit with the sealed intercommunication of the interior intermediate layer chamber of ice crystal generator forms refrigeration cycle system, and to the inside of heat exchange tube provides the cold source.
5. The salt recovery system for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system also comprises a precooling heat exchanger, a water replenishing pump and a second circulating pump; the precooling heat exchanger is divided into two flow passages which are not communicated with each other through a heat exchange surface of the precooling heat exchanger, and heat exchange is carried out between the two flow passages; the bottom of the ice crystal separator is also provided with a liquid supplementing port, and the output end of the water supplementing pump is hermetically communicated with the liquid supplementing port of the ice crystal separator through a flow channel of the precooling heat exchanger and is used for supplementing liquid to the interior of the ice crystal separator; the ice storage tank is communicated with the other flow passage of the precooling heat exchanger in a sealing way through a second circulating pump, and a cold source is provided for one flow passage of the precooling heat exchanger.
6. The salt recovery system for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microwave vacuum dryer also comprises a drainage pump and a microwave vacuum dryer; and the bottom of the ice crystal separator is also provided with a liquid discharge port, the liquid discharge port of the ice crystal separator is hermetically communicated with the microwave vacuum dryer through a drainage pump, and strong brine in the ice crystal separator is discharged into the microwave vacuum dryer for drying.
7. The salt recovery system for freezing, concentrating and purifying high-salinity wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system also comprises a plate heat exchanger and a third circulating pump; the plate heat exchanger is divided into two flow passages which are not communicated with each other through a heat exchange surface of the plate heat exchanger, and heat exchange is carried out between the two flow passages; and the ice storage tank, the third circulating pump and a flow channel of the plate heat exchanger are sequentially connected to form a cold supply circulating system, and a cold source is provided for air conditioning water in the other flow channel of the plate heat exchanger.
8. A method for recovering salt from high-salinity wastewater through freezing concentration and purification is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) firstly, preparing a refrigerant at minus 30 to minus 5 ℃ by a flooded compression condensing unit, sending the refrigerant into an interlayer cavity of an ice crystal generator and a heat exchange tube to form a refrigeration cycle system, and providing a cold source for the interior of the heat exchange tube;
(2) sending the pretreated high-salinity wastewater into a flow channel of a pre-cooling heat exchanger through a water replenishing pump, performing heat exchange with another flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger, cooling to 5-15 ℃, and sending the pretreated high-salinity wastewater into an ice crystal separator for liquid replenishing;
(3) the ice making circulating pump extracts high-salt wastewater in the ice crystal separator, the high-salt wastewater enters the interior of the heat exchange tube through the inlet of the heat exchange tube, and is subjected to heat exchange with a refrigerant in the interlayer cavity of the ice crystal generator and then is cooled to form ice crystals and strong brine, the ice crystals enter the interior of the ice crystal separator along with the strong brine through the outlet of the heat exchange tube, and the ice crystals float and gather; then ice crystals are scraped out by an ice scraping mechanism and fall into an ice storage tank for storage through an ice crystal outlet of an ice crystal separator;
(4) part of ice crystals in the ice storage tank enter a flow channel of the plate heat exchanger through a third circulating pump to form a cold supply circulating system, and provide a cold source for air conditioning water in the other flow channel of the plate heat exchanger;
(5) the other part of the ice crystals in the ice storage tank enters the other flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger through a second circulating pump, is subjected to heat exchange with high-salt wastewater in one flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger and then is heated and melted to form usable purified water, and then flows out through an outlet of the other flow channel of the pre-cooling heat exchanger;
(6) the concentration of strong brine in the ice crystal separator is continuously increased, liquid supply to the interior of the ice crystal separator is stopped through a water supply pump, and then the strong brine is sent into a microwave vacuum dryer through a drain pump to be dried to form solid salt and available purified water; and continuing to circulate the steps.
9. The method for recovering salt of high salinity wastewater by freeze concentration and purification according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the ice storage tank adopts a cold-insulation closed metal tank or a glass fiber reinforced plastic tank with the thermal conductivity coefficient less than 0.020W/(m.K).
10. The method for recovering salt of high salinity wastewater by freeze concentration and purification according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the microwave vacuum dryer dries the strong brine by using vacuum and microwaves, and the boiling point of water is 62 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa.
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| CN113213682A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-08-06 | 南京都乐制冷设备有限公司 | High-salinity wastewater treatment method |
| CN115124103A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-09-30 | 北京中矿博能节能科技有限公司 | Crystal separation elution system and use method thereof |
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