Centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rotational flow cavitation device, in particular to a centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator.
Background
Cavitation refers to the process of formation, development and collapse of vapor bubbles within a liquid or at a liquid-solid interface when the local pressure within the liquid drops. Micro jet and shock wave formed when cavitation bubble caused by cavitation collapses can generate instant local high temperature (1000-5000K) and instant high pressure (1-5 multiplied by 10)7Pa) is added. The cavitation can cause the performance of hydraulic mechanical equipment to be reduced, and vibration, noise, cavitation damage and the like are caused, but the energy released by the cavitation can also realize the enhancement of chemical, physical and other processesAnd the effects of efficiency improvement, energy conservation, consumption reduction and the like are achieved.
Because the environmental pollution is increasingly serious and the quality of water resources in China is continuously reduced, wherein the discharge of waste water is an important source for causing water pollution, and the treatment process of organic water is not ideal at present. In the field of organic matter sewage treatment, if the huge energy generated in the hydrodynamic cavitation generation process can be utilized, most of organic pollutants are almost completely degraded, and the method is one of the latest schemes for solving the current water pollution problem.
The Chinese patent discloses that the vortex cavitator used in the technical field of chemical separation can carry out low-cost and high-efficiency demulsification treatment on water-containing emulsified oil or emulsified oil-containing wastewater under the conditions of low temperature and no or little addition of a chemical demulsifier. The Chinese patent discloses a sterilization device for generating cavitation through a porous orifice plate, which utilizes instant high temperature and high pressure generated when cavitation occurs to sterilize and disinfect liquid raw materials. Chinese patent discloses a hydrodynamic cavitation device for sewage and wastewater treatment, which is provided with a plurality of cavitation channels and has high cavitation efficiency. Ozone can be introduced into the cavitation cavity, and can be decomposed into hydroxyl radicals with stronger oxidability under the condition of high temperature and high pressure generated by the hydrodynamic cavitation effect, so that the cavitation efficiency is further improved. The device can also be internally provided with a catalyst TiO2And gamma Al2O3More hydroxyl free radicals are generated, and the removal effect of organic matters in the sewage and the wastewater is further enhanced. The Chinese patent discloses a rotating blade hydrodynamic cavitation device through a porous plate, and the blade structure of the device is the porous plate, so that the device is low in energy consumption, high in cavitation efficiency and the like.
The above patent mainly relates to a sewage cavitation degradation device and method mainly based on plate-type or jet cavitation, which can not realize high-efficiency cavitation degradation treatment on large-flow sewage and has higher requirement limit on installation and working modes. Aiming at the situations, the invention realizes the cavitation degradation treatment of the sewage by using the centrifugal rotational flow impeller and provides the sewage cavitation degradation generator with simple structure, wide applicability, high reliability and good cavitation effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator, the single blade adopts an up-and-down symmetrical structural form, in order to ensure the realization of efficient cavitation degradation, the maximum super-cavitation area and the optimal cavitation degradation effect are controlled by the structural form of the herringbone blade, and the centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator has the advantages of simple appearance, easy installation and replacement, strong working condition adaptability and lower production cost.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator comprises an impeller and a driving part, wherein the driving part drives the impeller to rotate through a shaft, the cross section of a single blade of the impeller is of a herringbone structure, and a vortex is generated in a single blade groove of the herringbone structure to realize complete collapse of cavitation bubbles.
Furthermore, the single blade of the impeller comprises a front edge flat plate and bent plates, the cross section of the front edge flat plate is in a herringbone shape, the lower part of the front edge flat plate in the herringbone shape is symmetrically connected with the two bent plates, and the upper part of the front edge flat plate in the herringbone shape is a flow-facing surface.
Furthermore, the incident flow surface is an arc surface, an included angle β between a straight edge of the front edge flat plate connected with the bending plate and the tangential direction of the hub of the impeller is 25-35 degrees, and the maximum width L of the front edge flat plate is L2Is a straight edge L10.2-0.25 times of the total cavitation treatment time, the supercavitation area can be larger, and the cavitation degradation treatment effect is better.
Furthermore, the projection of the outline of the bending plate is in a D shape; the projected outline comprises a rear arc edge, a rear straight edge, an outer arc edge and a front straight edge; the front straight edge is connected with the front edge flat plate, and the length of the front straight edge is larger than that of the rear straight edge.
Further, an included angle α between a tangent of the intersection of the back straight edge and the outer arc edge and the back straight edge2The angle is 55-65 degrees, and the tangent of the intersection point of the rear straight edge and the rear arc edge and the rear straight edgeIncluded side angle α1The angle is 25-35 degrees, and the supercavitation area can be enlarged. The length of the back straight edge is a straight edge L10.5-0.6 times of the total weight of the foam, and can avoid early collapse of the cavitation bubbles.
Furthermore, the bending plates at least comprise 2 bending planes, the included angle of the bending planes of the two symmetrical bending plates is gradually reduced along the fluid flowing direction, and the included angle of any two symmetrical bending planes is smaller than the included angle theta of the front edge flat plate in the shape of the Chinese character' ren1(ii) a The width of the bending plane is gradually increased along the fluid flowing direction, so that the stability of the supercavitation area is ensured.
Furthermore, the included angle theta of the front edge flat plate is shaped like a Chinese character' ren1The value is 30-100 degrees; the included angle of any two symmetrical bending planes is less than 100 degrees.
Further, a plurality of impellers are arranged on the shaft in series.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in order to ensure the complete collapse of the super-cavitation bubbles of the front-stage blade and avoid the influence of the collapse process on the cavitation degradation of the rear-stage blade, the centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator is designed into a herringbone structural form, so that high-speed rotating cavitation bubble cloud and a sewage medium simultaneously enter a herringbone groove behind the blade, tail eddy current is generated in the herringbone groove, and the complete collapse and the stable flow of the cavitation bubbles are realized.
2. The centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator is suitable for the working condition of high rotating speed, the horizontal displacement of cavitation bubble collapse is greatly shortened due to the vortex at the tail part of the impeller, and the collapse is completed in time before the next blade arrives, so that the fluid can complete multiple cavitation generation and cavitation bubble collapse processes in a short time, and each blade cannot be influenced with each other; and most of the fluid leaves the impeller along the last bending plane due to the action of centrifugal force, so the centrifugal vortex cavitation generator is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal vortex cavitation generator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an impeller according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 2.
In the figure:
1-axis; 2-an impeller; 3, a motor; 20-a hub; 21-leading edge flat plate; 21 a-incident flow surface; 21 b-a first plane of bending; 22-a bending plate; 23-back arc edge; 24-posterior straight edge; 25-outer arc edge; 26-front straight edge; 22 a-a second plane of bending; 22 b-third plane of bending.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the centrifugal vortex cavitation generator of the present invention includes an impeller 2 and a motor 3, wherein the motor 3 drives the impeller 2 to rotate through a shaft 1, the cross section of a single blade of the impeller 2 is in a herringbone structure, and a vortex is generated in a single blade groove in the herringbone structure to achieve complete collapse of cavitation bubbles. The rotating speed of the impeller 2 is greater than 3000r/min, the number of blades of the impeller 2 is 2-5, the blades are uniformly distributed on the hub 20 along the circumferential direction, and the hub 20 is in transmission connection with the shaft 1. In order to avoid the influence of wake flow on the rear-stage blade caused by the supercavitation and the cavitation collapse of the front-stage blade, different numbers of blades are correspondingly selected at different rotating speeds.
As shown in fig. 2, the single blade of the impeller 2 includes a front edge flat plate 21 and a bent plate 22, the cross section of the front edge flat plate 21 is in a shape of a Chinese character 'ren', the upper part of the front edge flat plate 21 in the shape of the Chinese character 'ren' is a stream facing surface 21a, the lower part of the front edge flat plate 21 in the shape of the Chinese character 'ren' is two first bent planes 21b which are symmetrically arranged, and an included angle θ between the two first bent planes 21b which are symmetrically arranged is1. The lower part of the front edge flat plate 21 in the shape of the Chinese character 'ren' is symmetrically connected with two bending plates 22.
The incident surface 21a is a circular arc surface, so that cavitation can begin to occur when a part of fluid contacts the incident surface 21 a; and the maximum width L of the leading edge panel 21 to avoid premature collapse of the cavitation bubbles2Not greater than straight edge L10.2 to 0.25 times of the amount of the active ingredient. The arrangement of each blade of the impeller 2The installation angle is defined as an included angle β between the straight edge of the front edge flat plate 21 connected with the bent plate 22 and the tangential direction of the hub 20 of the impeller 2, and the value range is 25-35 degrees, so that the incident flow surface of the blade can be better contacted with fluid.
As shown in FIG. 2, the projection of the contour of bending plate 22 is D-shaped, the projected contour comprises a rear arc edge 23, a rear straight edge 24, an outer arc edge 25 and a front straight edge 26, the front straight edge 26 is connected with the front edge flat plate 21, the length of the front straight edge 26 is greater than that of the rear straight edge 24, the tangent line of the intersection of the rear straight edge 24 and the outer arc edge 25 forms an included angle α with the rear straight edge 242The included angle α between the tangent line of the intersection point of the rear straight edge 24 and the rear arc edge 23 and the rear straight edge 24 is 55-65 degrees1The angle is 25-35 degrees, and the length of the back straight edge 24 is a straight edge L10.5 to 0.6 times of the total amount of the active ingredient. Therefore, the impeller appearance can accord with fluid dynamics, and the super-cavitation area can be maximized on the premise of reducing turbulence as much as possible.
The bending plates 22 at least comprise 2 bending planes, the included angle of the bending planes of the two symmetrical bending plates 22 is gradually reduced along the fluid flowing direction, and the included angle of any two symmetrical bending planes is smaller than the included angle theta of the front edge flat plate 21 in the shape of the Chinese character' ren1(ii) a The width of the bending plane is gradually increased along the fluid flowing direction.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the impeller 2 rotates counterclockwise, and the incident flow surface 21a cuts the fluid. Bending plate 22 includes a second bending plane 22a and a third bending plane 22 b; one end of the second bending plane 22a is connected to the first bending plane 21b, and the other end of the second bending plane 22a is connected to the third bending plane 22 b. The included angle between the two symmetrically arranged second bending planes 22a is theta2The included angle between the two symmetrically arranged third bending planes 22b is theta3Wherein, theta1>θ2>θ3,θ1The value is 30-100 degrees; the included angle of any two symmetrical bending planes is less than 100 degrees. The second bending plane 22a has a width L6The width of the third bending plane 22b is L7The first bending plane 21b has a width L5Wherein L is7>L6>L5The fluid can be in a super-cavitation state on the whole blade surface, and the cavitation efficiency is improved.
The impeller 2 determined from the above can maximize the super-cavitation area, so that the fluid can leave the impeller in time due to the centrifugal force of rotation after the cavitation is finished on the surface of the impeller, the cavitation of the next impeller cannot be influenced, and new fluid is sucked into the surface of the impeller from the axial direction in time, so that the centrifugal vortex cavitation generator can continuously perform fluid cavitation reaction at a large flow rate.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the blades are driven to rotate at a high speed in the sewage medium through the power mechanism, parameters such as the rotating speed of the blades and the number of the blades are preliminarily determined, and then the front edges of the blades and the blades are subjected to super-cavitation design, so that the whole interval from the front edges of the blades to the tail wings of the blades is in a super-cavitation state, under the state, cavitation bubbles in the super-cavitation region are gradually collapsed, great energy is released to surrounding liquid, and sewage degradation treatment is realized by utilizing the mechanical effect, the thermal effect, the chemical effect and the like generated by the energy. In order to ensure the complete collapse of the supercavitation bubbles of the front-stage blade and avoid the influence of the collapse process on the cavitation degradation of the rear-stage blade, the blade is designed into a structure form of a shape like the Chinese character 'ren', so that high-speed rotating cavitation bubble cloud and a sewage medium simultaneously enter a human-shaped groove behind the blade, tail eddy current is generated in the human-shaped groove, and the complete collapse and the stable flow of the cavitation bubbles are realized.
And finally, the impeller 2 with the determined shape is used for the centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator for sewage degradation treatment, the rotating speed is selected to be more than 3000r/min, and the immersion depth of the blades is 0.25-0.5 m.
The impeller of the centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator works under the working condition of long-term hydrodynamic cavitation, needs surface strengthening treatment, has a service cycle related to the production quality of the blades, and needs to be replaced when the surfaces of the blades are seriously damaged so as to achieve an ideal cavitation effect. The shaft 1 is provided with a plurality of impellers 2 in series, and each impeller is provided with 2-5 blades for realizing multi-stage cavitation degradation treatment.
The centrifugal rotational flow cavitation generator has wide installation and application range, and the working space of the impeller can adopt a rectangular box body or a cylindrical box body.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.