CN111114386B - Safe charging method for electric automobile, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Safe charging method for electric automobile, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111114386B
CN111114386B CN201910936740.9A CN201910936740A CN111114386B CN 111114386 B CN111114386 B CN 111114386B CN 201910936740 A CN201910936740 A CN 201910936740A CN 111114386 B CN111114386 B CN 111114386B
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current
charging
value
preset
charger
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CN111114386A (en
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林勇刚
刘海江
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Beijing Didi Infinity Technology and Development Co Ltd
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Beijing Didi Infinity Technology and Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910936740.9A priority Critical patent/CN111114386B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/129479 priority patent/WO2021056904A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe charging method of an electric automobile and electronic equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a charger is controlled to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by using a required voltage, the charging current is gradually increased until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value, and constant-current charging is carried out until the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value; and (4) adopting constant voltage charging, gradually reducing the charging current until the charging current is reduced to a preset cut-off current value, and stopping charging. The method takes the highest monomer voltage as a main reference index, adjusts the required current value, uses a constant current mode, flexibly controls the required current, and adjusts according to the feedback of the actual output current, thereby being capable of adapting to the battery cells with different aging degrees in the battery pack and avoiding overcharging.

Description

Safe charging method for electric automobile, electronic equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a safe charging method for an electric vehicle, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
Charging of an Electric vehicle and an Energy Storage System (RESS) with Rechargeable Energy Storage is mainly completed by an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) at the RESS end in cooperation with a vehicle-mounted or off-vehicle charger. In order to ensure the safety of the RESS system and the charger, an ECU in the conventional RESS system usually calculates the minimum requirement which can be accepted by the RESS according to internal and external conditions, then sends required voltage and required current to the charger, and then the charger charges the RESS according to the self capacity. The internal conditions that are generally considered include the current state that the cell can withstand current, temperature, and system faults; external conditions that are typically considered include the output capability of the charger, fault conditions, communication conditions, etc.
However, in the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that, due to the aging of the core and the diversity of the charger equipment, the existing static charging strategy is difficult to meet the requirement of RESS for safe and efficient charging.
Risk one: the battery core is aged, and the charging overcurrent risk is increased
In the prior art, the required current Of a battery cell in the initial (Begin Of Life, BOL) stage is calculated, the shared voltage Of the internal resistance Of the battery cell increases along with the increase Of the internal resistance Of the battery cell, and the risk Of overcharging Of the battery cell is caused because the upper limit voltage Of charging at a certain temperature is not changed;
meanwhile, in the prior art, in order to avoid a large amount Of computation, a unified storage battery capacity, Health degree and performance State (SOH) calculation model is often adopted to obtain the system SOH. However, actually, with different aging degrees of the used battery cells, the overcharge cannot be accurately controlled by correcting the required voltages of all the battery cells by using the system SOH;
risk two: the diversity of the charging machines, so that the response to the required current is not matched, thereby causing the risk of overcharging or overlong charging time
Almost all chargers in the prior art support a Constant Current (CC) mode, but a part of the output of the chargers cannot support a Constant Voltage (CV) mode. Meanwhile, the maximum output currents of the chargers are different, so that the requirements of different vehicle types cannot be completely met. In addition, existing power distribution is basically expanded in a modular stacking manner, so that the current output has different step sizes and is discontinuous. Finally, the partial charger supports the simultaneous output of the plurality of charging ports, and under the condition that the overall output capacity is kept unchanged, the plurality of charging ports dynamically change according to the load condition, but the RESS controller is not informed when the charging ports change, so that the transient overcharge or performance reduction of the RESS unit is caused by the sudden change of current.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a safe charging method for an electric vehicle, electronic equipment and a storage medium for solving the technical problems of cell aging and the like in the battery charging mode in the prior art, such as the incapability of accurately and dynamically adjusting the required current, the need of looking up a large number of tables, poor adaptability to different cell types, poor adaptability to an external charger and low efficiency of performing single overcharge under complex and variable conditions.
The invention provides a safe charging method for an electric automobile, which comprises the following steps:
controlling a charger to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by adopting the required voltage, and gradually increasing the charging current until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value;
constant current charging is adopted until the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value;
and (4) adopting constant voltage charging, gradually reducing the charging current until the charging current is reduced to a preset cut-off current value, and stopping charging.
Further, the gradually increasing the charging current specifically includes:
every time a preset time period passes, the charging current is increased by a preset gradient value.
Further, the gradient value is set such that the total time for the charging current to reach the preset current upper limit value is less than a preset current rise time threshold.
Further, the gradually decreasing the charging current specifically includes:
every time a preset time period passes, the charging current is reduced by a preset gradient value.
Further, every time the preset time period passes, the reducing of the charging current by the preset gradient value specifically includes:
and when the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches the cut-off voltage value after a preset time period, reducing the charging current by a preset gradient value.
Further, the gradually decreasing the charging current further includes:
if the output current of the charger is increased, the charging current is increased by the gradient value;
and if the output current of the charger is reduced, reducing the charging current by the gradient value.
And further:
the required voltage is as follows: number of cell strings Vcell_max+ Δ V, and Vcharger_maxMinimum value between, wherein Vcell_maxIs the maximum charging voltage value that can be borne by the single battery cell, and is a preset redundancy value Vcharger_max is the maximum output voltage value of the charger;
the upper limit value of the required current is as follows: i iscell_max、Icharger_maxAnd Icap_minMinimum value between, wherein Icell_maxThe maximum charging current value, I, that can be borne by the single cellcharger_maxIs the maximum output current value of the charger, Icap_minThe maximum current value that can bear for the charging cable of the group battery of connecting charger and electric automobile.
The invention provides an electronic device for controlling safe charging of an electric automobile, which comprises:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the one processor to cause the at least one processor to:
controlling a charger to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by adopting the required voltage, and gradually increasing the charging current until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value;
constant current charging is adopted until the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value;
and (4) adopting constant voltage charging, gradually reducing the charging current until the charging current is reduced to a preset cut-off current value, and stopping charging.
Further, the gradually increasing the charging current specifically includes:
every time a preset time period passes, the charging current is increased by a preset gradient value.
Further, the gradient value is set such that the total time for the charging current to reach the preset current upper limit value is less than a preset current rise time threshold.
Further, the gradually decreasing the charging current specifically includes:
every time a preset time period passes, the charging current is reduced by a preset gradient value.
Further, every time the preset time period passes, the reducing of the charging current by the preset gradient value specifically includes:
and when the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches the cut-off voltage value after a preset time period, reducing the charging current by a preset gradient value.
Further, the gradually decreasing the charging current further includes:
if the output current of the charger is increased, the charging current is increased by the gradient value;
and if the output current of the charger is reduced, reducing the charging current by the gradient value.
And further:
the required voltage is as follows: number of cell strings Vcell_max+ Δ V, and Vcharger_maxMinimum value between, wherein Vcell_maxIs the maximum charging voltage value that can be borne by the single battery cell, and is a preset redundancy value Vcharger_max is the maximum output voltage value of the charger;
the upper limit value of the required current is as follows: i iscell_max、Icharger_maxAnd Icap_minMinimum value between, wherein Icell_maxThe maximum charging current value, I, that can be borne by the single cellcharger_maxIs the maximum output current value of the charger, Icap_minThe maximum current value that can bear for the charging cable of the group battery of connecting charger and electric automobile.
The present invention provides a storage medium storing computer instructions for performing all the steps of the electric vehicle safe charging method as described above when a computer executes the computer instructions.
The method takes the highest monomer voltage as a main reference index, adjusts the required current value, uses a constant current mode, flexibly controls the required current, and adjusts according to the feedback of the actual output current, thereby being capable of adapting to the battery cells with different aging degrees in the battery pack and avoiding overcharging. Meanwhile, the charging mode of different chargers can be adapted, and the problem of current mutation caused by load change and other conditions of the chargers is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a safety charging method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a safe charging method for an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for safely charging an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device for controlling safe charging of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a safe charging method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:
step S101, controlling a charger to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by adopting a required voltage, and gradually increasing a charging current until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value;
step S102, constant current charging is adopted until the highest cell voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value;
and step S103, adopting constant voltage charging, gradually reducing the charging current until the charging current is reduced to a preset cut-off current value, and stopping charging.
Specifically, in the present invention, step S101 is executed at the beginning, and charging is performed in a variable current manner until the charging current reaches the preset upper limit value of the required current, and step S102 is executed, wherein charging is performed at a constant current until the highest cell voltage in the battery pack reaches the preset cut-off voltage value. After the highest cell voltage in the battery pack reaches the preset cut-off voltage value, step S103 is executed, and constant voltage charging is adopted to gradually reduce the charging current until the charging current is reduced to the preset cut-off current value.
The method takes the highest monomer voltage as a main reference index, adjusts the required current value, uses a constant current mode, flexibly controls the required current, and adjusts according to the feedback of the actual output current, thereby being capable of adapting to the battery cells with different aging degrees in the battery pack and avoiding overcharging. Meanwhile, the charging mode of different chargers can be adapted, and the problem of current mutation caused by load change and other conditions of the chargers is solved.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a safe charging method for an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention, including:
step S201, controlling a charger to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by adopting a required voltage;
step S202, every time a preset time period passes, increasing a preset gradient value by the charging current until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value, wherein the gradient value is set so that the total time for the charging current to reach the preset current upper limit value is less than a preset current rising time threshold value;
step S203, constant current charging is adopted until the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value;
step S204, constant voltage charging is adopted;
step S205, when a preset time period elapses and the highest cell voltage in the battery pack reaches the cut-off voltage value, the charging current is decreased by a preset gradient value;
in step S206, if the charging current is reduced to the preset cut-off current value, the charging is stopped.
Preferably, if the output current of the charger increases, the charging current increases by the gradient value;
and if the output current of the charger is reduced, reducing the charging current by the gradient value.
During the charging, when the charging required current and the output current of the charger change, the gradient value is used for adjusting the required current so as to achieve the purpose of flexible following.
The required voltage is as follows: number of cell strings Vcell_max+ Δ V, and Vcharger_maxMinimum value between, wherein Vcell_maxIs the maximum charging voltage value that can be borne by the single battery cell, and is a preset redundancy value Vcharger_max is the maximum output voltage value of the charger, and delta V is preferably 2V;
the upper limit value of the required current is as follows: i iscell_max、Icharger_maxAnd Icap_minMinimum value between, wherein Icell_maxThe maximum charging current value, I, that can be borne by the single cellcharger_maxIs the maximum output current value of the charger, Icap_minThe maximum current value that can bear for the charging cable of the group battery of connecting charger and electric automobile.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) upper limit value calculation of required voltage and required current
The setting of the required voltage firstly considers the maximum output capacity V of the chargercharger_maxIf the value exceeds the preset value, the charger cannot output the signal. Secondly, the number V of the cell strings is consideredcell_maxBecause the voltages among the single battery cores have certain difference, the setting of the voltage value can ensure that at least one single battery can reach a full-charge state when the whole battery pack is fully charged. And finally, controlling the delta V to be about 2V, wherein the internal resistance of a connector between the battery cells is considered, the output voltage of the charger is ensured to be higher than the terminal voltage of RESS, and the current can be charged.
Setting of the upper limit value of the demand current firstly considers Icharger_maxIf the value exceeds the preset value, the charger cannot output the signal. Secondly, the maximum current I that the charging cable can bear is consideredcap_minBeyond this value the charging cable will risk to heat up, resulting in a fire. Finally, the maximum charging current I which can be borne by the battery cell under the external environmental condition is consideredcell_maxBeyond which the cell will be severely damaged.
Considering that some chargers do not support the CV mode, in order to solve the compatibility problem, the CC charging mode is used uniformly here.
(2) Unit value calculation for current gradient adjustment
The current gradient adjustment is used for effectively solving the impact problem of the battery cell caused by the problems of battery cell aging, various step lengths of output current of a charger, current mutation caused by load change during multi-gun charging and the like.
The specific gradient magnitude should comprehensively consider that the current change to the target value can not exceed 20-30 seconds. The factors considered here are that too small a current gradient will result in too slow a regulation of the required current, and the CC phase will result in a slow rise of the current, resulting in too long a charging time.
The gradient value of the current change should be much smaller than the rated capacity of the RESS, such as 1/10C. The factor considered here is that a current change of a smaller rate does not cause a sudden change in the cell voltage of the cell, which in turn leads to a short-time overcharge.
The current variation gradient cannot be much smaller than the rated value of a single current output module of the charger, which also causes the problem of overlong charging time.
The current gradient adjustment unit value is reasonably set, flexible charging can be realized under the condition that the charging time is not increased, and the problem of overcharge of the battery cell is solved.
(3) Charging segment
And the CC/CV method is adopted to ensure that the battery cell can be fully filled.
(4) Charging protection
Various abnormalities and faults occurring in the charging process moment monitoring system realize real-time protection shutdown. The highest monomer voltage is used as a main reference index, and the required current value is adjusted to prevent overcharge.
In the embodiment, the current is gradually increased or decreased by a gradient increasing and decreasing method, and meanwhile, the setting of the gradient value ensures that the total time for the charging current to reach the preset current upper limit value is less than the preset current rising time threshold. Through reasonable setting of the current gradient adjustment unit value, flexible charging can be achieved under the condition that charging time is not increased, and then the problem of overcharge of the battery cell is solved. And finally, the difference between the charger and the battery cell is fully considered by setting the upper limit of the required voltage and the upper limit of the required current, so that the charging reliability is ensured.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a safe charging method for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes:
step S301, if Vpack≥Vcharge_maxOr a fault is detected, or the State Of Charge (SOC) is equal to or more than 100, ending the process, or else executing step S302, wherein VpackIs the total voltage of the battery pack;
step S302, initializing a required voltage (MIN) (cell string number Pack _ S × Vcell _ max + Δ V, Vcharger _ max), controlling Δ V to be about 2V, setting a charging mode (CC), setting a required current (0A), and executing step S303 when the time exceeds T seconds;
step S303, when the highest cell reaches the cut-off voltage, that is, the highest upper limit of the allowable charging of the battery cell, step S305 is executed, otherwise step S304 is executed;
step S304, increasing the required current by k, wherein k is a gradient value, and executing step S303 when the time exceeds T seconds;
step S305, reducing the required current by k, and executing step S306;
step S306, if the current is less than or equal to the cut-off current and the time exceeds T seconds, ending, otherwise, executing step S307;
in step S307, if the highest cell reaches the cut-off voltage and the time exceeds T seconds, step S305 is performed.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the initialization demand current and demand voltage are as follows:
required voltage is MIN (cell string number V)cell_max+ΔV,Vcharger_max) (ii) a Controlling the voltage// delta V to be about 2V;
the charging mode is CC;
the required current is 0A.
When charging is started, the required voltage and the required current upper limit of the charging are calculated in the RESS system of the vehicle end by adopting the following formulas:
required voltage is MIN (cell string number V)cell_max+ΔV,Vcharger_max) (ii) a Controlling the voltage// delta V to be about 2V;
the charging mode is CC;
MIN (I) required currentcell_max,Icharger_max,Icap_min)。
Then, the unit value of the current gradient adjustment is calculated by adopting a gradient ascending or descending method. The specific gradient magnitude should comprehensively consider that the current change to the target value can not exceed 20-30 seconds. The value of the gradient of the variation should be much smaller than the rated capacity of the RESS, such as 1/10c, and at the same time, the gradient should be satisfied that the gradient cannot be much smaller than the rated value of the single current output module of the charger.
In the charge starting stage, the current is gradually increased to the required current upper limit by using the gradient rising method, and the required value is maintained until the highest cell voltage reaches the upper limit of the CV stage, namely the highest upper limit of the allowable charge of the battery cell. And the highest cell voltage value is continuously detected, so that the cell battery can not exceed the overcharge upper limit.
And entering a CV charging stage when the highest cell voltage reaching the upper limit is detected. Keeping the highest monomer voltage not to exceed the upper limit of overcharge, and gradually reducing the current value by a gradient reduction method. After each reduction of the current, the current needs to be reduced until the highest cell voltage reaches the CV stage upper limit again.
When the current value decreases below the off current, the charging is stopped.
In this embodiment, a simple, general and efficient algorithm is used, the CC mode is used, the required current is flexibly controlled, and the following problems are solved by adjusting according to the feedback of the actual output current:
a. the overcharge problem caused by the increase of internal resistance after the battery cell is aged;
b. the problem of overcharge caused by different battery cell aging degrees;
c. the problem of the charger charge mode, current output step length are changeable is solved.
d. The problem of current mutation caused by load change and other conditions of the charger is solved.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device for controlling safe charging of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention, including:
at least one processor 401; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory 402 communicatively coupled to the at least one processor 401; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory 402 stores instructions executable by the one processor to cause the at least one processor to:
controlling a charger to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by adopting the required voltage, and gradually increasing the charging current until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value;
constant current charging is adopted until the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value;
and (4) adopting constant voltage charging, gradually reducing the charging current until the charging current is reduced to a preset cut-off current value, and stopping charging.
One processor 402 is illustrated in fig. 4.
The electronic device may further include: an input device 403 and a display device 404.
The processor 401, the memory 402, the input device 403, and the display device 404 may be connected by a bus or other means, and are illustrated as being connected by a bus.
The memory 402, which is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, may be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the electric vehicle safety charging method in the embodiment of the present application, for example, the method flow shown in fig. 1. The processor 401 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the nonvolatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 402, so as to implement the electric vehicle safe charging method in the above embodiment.
The memory 402 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the electric vehicle safe charging method, and the like. Further, the memory 402 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 402 may optionally include a memory remotely located from the processor 401, and these remote memories may be connected over a network to a device that performs the electric vehicle safe charging method. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The input device 403 may receive an input of a user click and generate signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electric vehicle safety charging method. The display device 404 may include a display screen or the like.
When the one or more modules are stored in the memory 402, the electric vehicle safe charging method in any of the above-described method embodiments is performed when executed by the one or more processors 401.
Safe charging of electric automobile
Example four
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device for controlling safe charging of an electric vehicle, including:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the one processor to cause the at least one processor to:
controlling a charger to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by adopting the required voltage;
every time a preset time period passes, increasing a preset gradient value by the charging current until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value, wherein the gradient value is set so that the total time for the charging current to reach the preset current upper limit value is less than a preset current rising time threshold value;
constant current charging is adopted until the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value;
constant voltage charging is adopted;
when a preset time period passes and the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches the cut-off voltage value, reducing the charging current by a preset gradient value;
and stopping charging until the charging current is reduced to a preset cut-off current value.
Preferably, if the output current of the charger increases, the charging current increases by the gradient value;
and if the output current of the charger is reduced, reducing the charging current by the gradient value.
The required voltage is as follows: number of cell strings Vcell_max+ Δ V, and Vcharger_maxMinimum value between, wherein Vcell_maxIs the maximum charging voltage value that can be borne by the single battery cell, and is a preset redundancy value Vcharger_max is the maximum output voltage value of the charger, and delta V is preferably 2V;
the upper limit value of the required current is as follows: i iscell_max、Icharger_maxAnd Icap_minMinimum value between, wherein Icell_maxThe maximum charging current value, I, that can be borne by the single cellcharger_maxIs the maximum output current value of the charger, Icap_minThe maximum current value that can bear for the charging cable of the group battery of connecting charger and electric automobile.
In the embodiment, the current is gradually increased or decreased by a gradient increasing and decreasing method, and meanwhile, the setting of the gradient value ensures that the total time for the charging current to reach the preset current upper limit value is less than the preset current rising time threshold. Through reasonable setting of the current gradient adjustment unit value, flexible charging can be achieved under the condition that charging time is not increased, and then the problem of overcharge of the battery cell is solved. And finally, the difference between the charger and the battery cell is fully considered by setting the upper limit of the required voltage and the upper limit of the required current, so that the charging reliability is ensured.
EXAMPLE five
A fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium storing computer instructions for performing all the steps of the safe charging method of an electric vehicle as described above when the computer executes the computer instructions.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. A safe charging method for an electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
controlling a charger to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by adopting the required voltage, and gradually increasing the charging current until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value;
constant current charging is adopted until the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value;
adopting constant voltage charging, gradually reducing the charging current until the charging current is reduced to a preset cut-off current value, and stopping charging;
the upper limit value of the required current is as follows: i iscell_max、Icharger_maxAnd Icap_minMinimum value between, wherein Icell_maxThe maximum charging current value, I, that can be borne by the single cellcharger_maxIs the maximum output current value of the charger, Icap_minThe maximum current value which can be borne by a charging cable for connecting a charger and a battery pack of the electric automobile;
the required voltage is as follows: number of cell strings Vcell_max+ anV, andcharger_maxminimum value between, wherein Vcell_maxIs the maximum charging voltage value that the single battery core can bear, V is a preset redundancy value, Vcharger_maxThe maximum output voltage value of the charger;
the gradually reducing the charging current specifically includes: and every time a preset time period passes, if the output current of the charger is reduced, the charging current is reduced by a preset gradient value.
2. The safe charging method for the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the gradually increasing of the charging current specifically comprises:
every time a preset time period passes, the charging current is increased by a preset gradient value.
3. The safe charging method for the electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the gradient value is set such that the total time for the charging current to reach the preset current upper limit value is less than a preset current rise time threshold.
4. The safe charging method for the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the step of reducing the charging current by a preset gradient value every time a preset time period passes specifically comprises:
and when the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches the cut-off voltage value after a preset time period, reducing the charging current by a preset gradient value.
5. The safe charging method for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the gradually decreasing charging current further comprises:
and if the output current of the charger is increased, the charging current is increased by the gradient value.
6. An electronic device for controlling safe charging of an electric vehicle, comprising:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the one processor to cause the at least one processor to:
controlling a charger to charge a battery pack of the electric automobile by adopting the required voltage, and gradually increasing the charging current until the charging current reaches a preset required current upper limit value;
constant current charging is adopted until the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches a preset cut-off voltage value;
adopting constant voltage charging, gradually reducing the charging current until the charging current is reduced to a preset cut-off current value, and stopping charging;
the upper limit value of the required current is as follows: i iscell_max、Icharger_maxAnd Icap_minMinimum value between, wherein Icell_maxThe maximum charging current value, I, that can be borne by the single cellcharger_maxIs the maximum output current value of the charger, Icap_minCharging cable for connecting charger and battery pack of electric vehicleThe maximum current value that can be tolerated;
the required voltage is as follows: number of cell strings Vcell_max+ anV, andcharger_maxminimum value between, wherein Vcell_maxIs the maximum charging voltage value that the single battery core can bear, V is a preset redundancy value, Vcharger_maxThe maximum output voltage value of the charger;
the gradually reducing the charging current specifically includes: and every time a preset time period passes, if the output current of the charger is reduced, the charging current is reduced by a preset gradient value.
7. The electronic device for controlling safe charging of an electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein gradually increasing the charging current specifically comprises:
every time a preset time period passes, the charging current is increased by a preset gradient value.
8. The electronic device for controlling safe charging of an electric vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the gradient value is set such that the total time for the charging current to reach the preset current upper limit value is less than a preset current rise time threshold.
9. The electronic device for controlling safe charging of an electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the reduction of the charging current by a preset gradient value every time a preset time period elapses specifically comprises:
and when the highest monomer voltage in the battery pack reaches the cut-off voltage value after a preset time period, reducing the charging current by a preset gradient value.
10. The electric vehicle safety charging electronic device according to claim 6, wherein the gradually decreasing charging current further comprises:
and if the output current of the charger is increased, the charging current is increased by the gradient value.
11. A storage medium storing computer instructions for performing all the steps of the electric vehicle safety charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when the computer instructions are executed by a computer.
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