CN111113018A

CN111113018A - Precise shaft butt joint equipment and precise shaft butt joint method

Info

Publication number: CN111113018A
Application number: CN201911353108.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许建民; 罗善明; 莫靖宇; 毛玲霞; 龚煦
Original assignee: Xiamen University of Technology
Current assignee: Xiamen University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-25
Filing date: 2019-12-25
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-25
Also published as: CN111113018B

Abstract

The invention discloses a precision shaft butt joint device, which comprises a positioning part sleeved on a first shaft, a detection part and a correction part sleeved on a second shaft, wherein the positioning part, the detection part and the correction part are coaxially distributed and fixedly connected with each other, sensing devices used for acquiring radian information of the surfaces of the first shaft and the second shaft are respectively arranged on the positioning part and the detection part, the sensing devices on the detection part acquire at least two groups of radian information at different positions on the surface of the second shaft to determine radial and axial deviations of the first shaft and the second shaft, a force application device used for striking the surface of the second shaft to correct the deviations is arranged on the correction part, the precision shaft butt joint method is that the positioning part and the detection part are used for acquiring the deviations between the two shafts, the deviation is corrected by the correction part, and the precision shaft butt joint between the first shaft and the second shaft is realized, the invention adopts a double-section detection method, and can directly acquire the axial, and then the two-way accurate butt joint between the two shafts is directly realized.

Description

Precise shaft butt joint equipment and precise shaft butt joint method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical assembly production equipment, in particular to precision shaft butt joint equipment and a precision shaft butt joint method.

Background

In the assembly or production process of precision transmission equipment, two parts or a plurality of parts with coaxiality requirements are generally arranged together, and common forms comprise shaft-to-shaft connection, flange end face mutual fit connection between flanged shafts and the like. In order to meet the requirement of coaxiality between shafts, the coaxiality is usually achieved through auxiliary devices, and the conventional auxiliary devices are in various forms, such as universal joints, couplings, spherical bearings and the like. However, there is also a direct connection between shafts without any connecting piece, and the direct connection between shafts is also common in the assembling and measuring process of precision transmission equipment, namely, the connection mode is generally called as 'hard connection', the connection mode is mainly used in the transmission performance measurement of precision transmission devices, and the precision transmission shaft of detection equipment directly butts against the butt-joint shaft of the precision transmission device to measure the transmission performance of the butt-joint shaft, so as to determine the transmission performance of the precision transmission device. Therefore, the position relation between the precision transmission shaft and the butt shaft is accurately butted, the error caused in the butt joint installation process of the two shafts is reduced, the transmission performance of the precision transmission device can be effectively fed back, and the method has important significance for the transmission continuity and the service life of the precision transmission device.

At present, the hard connection between axle and the axle is mainly by the handheld installation of manual work, it is specific, after the diaxon butt joint, adopt the amesdial to beat the form and observe the offset, then beat the butt joint of proofreading the diaxon in order to satisfy the axiality between the diaxon with the one step of beating of manual work hand bar, however, manual operation often because of the way control of power is not accurate, often there is the condition such as beat excessively or beat not enough for the alignment process can need the axle and the hub connection that repeated operation many times can obtain better axiality, alignment process is long consuming time, the cost of labor is high. On the other hand, the existing correction mode only adopts a mode of making a meter for one circle for correcting the two shafts during operation, axial and radial butt joint errors in the butt joint process of the two shafts cannot be effectively comprehensively considered, and if the output shaft is longer, the radial installation error is amplified, so that the detected measurement result is not a real reflection of the transmission performance of the precision transmission device.

On the other hand, in the direct connection process between the shafts, the butt joint needs to consider the axial and radial errors in the shaft butt joint process and measure whether the manufactured quality between the butt joint shafts can meet the transmission requirement. At present, for butt joint between precision transmission shafts, a shaft is mostly detected through a special instrument, then butt joint of the shaft is realized through one-to-one matching, the butt joint of the shaft can be realized through a plurality of devices, the detection is complicated, and the interchangeability of the butt joint of the shaft and the shaft is poor. Meanwhile, in the butt joint process of the two shafts, the coaxial assembly precision is required to be high, the axial installation precision is guaranteed in the shaft butt joint process, the phenomenon that the transmission is discontinuous or the transmission is blocked is easily caused by neglecting the radial installation precision, the service life of a precision transmission part is shortened more seriously, and the mechanical press-in type connection is easy to generate deformation or damage to a connection shaft and other adverse factors.

At present, no operation method which has high assembly precision, good economy and high timeliness is provided for the butt joint of shafts between precision transmission parts, and in order to better solve the problems, the invention designs special equipment for realizing the precision butt joint of the shafts between the transmission parts and the butt joint method based on the equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide precision shaft butt joint equipment capable of automatically and quickly acquiring deviations in different directions between two shafts and correcting the deviations and a precision shaft butt joint method using the precision shaft butt joint equipment.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a precision shaft butt-joint equipment which characterized in that: including cup jointing at the epaxial portion of looking for of primary shaft and cup jointing detection portion and the correction portion on the secondary shaft, look for the coaxial distribution of portion, detection portion and correction portion, look for the portion with install the sensing device who obtains primary shaft and secondary shaft surface radian information respectively on the detection portion, sensing device in the detection portion is in the secondary shaft surface different positions acquire at least two sets of radian information in order to confirm the radial and axial deviation of primary shaft and secondary shaft, be equipped with on the correction portion and be used for beating the force applying device of secondary shaft surface in order to revise the deviation realizes the accurate axle butt joint between primary shaft and the secondary shaft.

Preferably, the alignment portion, the detection portion and the correction portion each include a shaft sleeve sleeved on the first shaft or the second shaft, distance sensors capable of moving along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeves are mounted inside the shaft sleeves of the alignment portion and the detection portion, and the force application device is mounted inside the shaft sleeve of the correction portion.

Preferably, at least two distance sensors are arranged in the detection part in parallel along the axial direction of the shaft sleeve, and the distance sensors synchronously move along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve simultaneously to acquire the radian information of the surface of the second shaft.

Preferably, the distance sensor is a probe installed at the inner end of the detection telescopic piece, and the detection telescopic piece is slidably installed on the shaft sleeve and can extend and retract towards the inside of the shaft sleeve along the radial direction of the shaft sleeve.

Preferably, the force application device can move on the shaft sleeve of the correction part in the circumferential direction and the axial direction.

Preferably, the shaft sleeves of the correcting part, the detecting part and the correcting part are all provided with strip-shaped through holes penetrating through the inside and the outside of the shaft sleeves, the strip-shaped through holes are distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeves, guide rails are distributed on the outer walls of the shaft sleeves along the strip-shaped through holes, moving plates sliding along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeves are mounted on the guide rails, and the force application device and the distance sensor are mounted on the moving plates; the movable plate is further provided with a servo motor, an output shaft of the servo motor is parallel to the central axis of the shaft sleeve, the tail end of the output shaft is fixedly provided with a driving gear, racks are further distributed on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve along the strip-shaped through hole, and the driving gear is meshed with the racks.

Preferably, the outer surface of the shaft sleeve is provided with two adjusting supports along the axial direction of the shaft sleeve, each adjusting support comprises a fixed base and a telescopic supporting rod positioned between the fixed base and the shaft sleeve, the lower end of the telescopic supporting rod is fixed on a horizontal position adjusting block, and the horizontal position adjusting block is slidably arranged in the fixed base.

A precision shaft butt joint method comprises the following steps: firstly, sleeving the precision shaft butt joint equipment of any one of claims 1 to 7 on two shafts to be butted; enabling the first shaft and the precision shaft butt joint equipment to be coaxial through the alignment part; determining the radial and axial deviation between the first shaft and the second shaft through a detection part; and fourthly, striking the surface of the second shaft through a force application device on the correction part to correct the deviation between the first shaft and the second shaft, and realizing precise shaft butt joint between the first shaft and the second shaft.

Preferably, in the third step, the sensing device on the detecting portion respectively obtains at least two sets of radian information at different positions on the surface of the second shaft.

After the scheme is adopted, the invention adopts a double-section detection method, so that the axial and radial bidirectional deviation between two shafts to be butted can be directly obtained, and further the bidirectional accurate butt joint between the two shafts can be directly realized; the device introduces a servo motor to circumferentially control the detection device and the deviation correction device, so that automatic correction of the deviation between two shafts can be realized, the installation efficiency is improved, and the installation precision can be controlled; because the sensing equipment is adopted to detect the central shaft of the two shafts to be butted, the device can be directly sleeved between different shafts and is suitable for precise butt joint between the shafts with different sizes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an alignment portion of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of an alignment portion of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of detail A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a detecting part of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a single-piece cylindrical arc surface structure of the detecting portion of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a side view of a corrector of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a single cylindrical arc structure of the correcting portion of the present invention;

fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the detail of the structure B in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

The present invention discloses a precision shaft docking apparatus, as shown in fig. 1-2, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the precision shaft docking apparatus includes a positioning unit 1 sleeved on a first shaft 91, and a detection unit 2 and a correction unit 3 sleeved on a second shaft 92, and the precision shaft docking apparatus realizes shaft docking between the first shaft 91 and the second shaft 92. In order to realize accurate coaxial butt joint of two shafts, the alignment part 1, the detection part 2 and the correction part 3 are coaxially distributed, the correction part 3 is arranged between the alignment part 1 and the detection part 2, three sections which are mutually fixedly connected can be arranged among the alignment part 1 and the detection part 2, the three sections can also be designed in an integrated mode, and the three sections which are mutually fixedly connected are selected for convenience in processing and explanation in the embodiment. When the device is applied, the device and the first shaft 91 are coaxially arranged by acquiring the surface radian information of the first shaft 91 through the finding part 1, and then the deviation between the two

shafts

91 and 92 to be butted is determined by acquiring the surface radian information of the second shaft 92 through the detecting part 2. In order to quickly obtain the deviation amount between the two shafts to be butted in different directions, the sensing device on the detection part 2 acquires at least two sets of radian information at different positions on the surface of the second shaft 92 so as to determine the radial and axial deviations of the first shaft 91 and the second shaft 92. The correcting part 3 is provided with a force application device, and after the deviation between the two

shafts

91 and 92 to be butted is obtained, the force application device is used for striking the surface of the second shaft 92 to correct the deviation, so that precise shaft butting between the first shaft 91 and the second shaft 92 is realized.

Specifically, the alignment portion 1, the detection portion 2, and the correction portion 3 of the docking device each include a shaft sleeve sleeved on the first shaft 91 or the second shaft 92, and are the alignment portion shaft sleeve 10, the detection portion shaft sleeve 20, and the correction portion shaft sleeve 30, respectively, and these three component shaft sleeves may be designed in a segmented manner, or in an integrally formed manner, and are selected in a segmented manner in this embodiment. In order to facilitate the sleeve to be sleeved on the first shaft 91 or the second shaft 92, the sleeve is generally of an openable structure, in this embodiment, each sleeve includes two cylindrical arc surfaces with semicircular sections, and the cylindrical arc surfaces are spliced together through edges on the side surfaces to form a cylindrical sleeve. The two columnar cambered surfaces can be hinged with each other through one side of each side surface, the other side is detachably connected, and the two columnar cambered surfaces can be spliced and fixed by bolts or fastening buttons and the like to form a cylindrical shaft sleeve in the detachable connection; of course, both sides may be detachably connected, for example, in this embodiment, two semicircular cylindrical arc surfaces are directly spliced and fixed, specifically, taking the alignment portion shaft sleeve as an example, as shown in fig. 4, complementary steps 101 that are matched with each other are disposed on two sides of a side surface of each cylindrical arc surface 100, when the two cylindrical arc surfaces 100 are spliced, the complementary steps 101 are spliced with each other, and a fastening button 103 is disposed on an outer side surface of a joint of the two cylindrical arc surfaces and connected and locked by the fastening button 103, the fastening button 103 generally includes a fastening column located on one cylindrical arc surface 100 and a fastening ring located on the other cylindrical arc surface 100, the fastening ring is sleeved on the fastening column to realize locking between the two, the fastening button 103 is a conventional connection, which is not described in detail herein, the detection portion shaft sleeve 20 and the alignment portion shaft sleeve 30 are identical to the alignment portion shaft sleeve 10, and will not be described herein. Furthermore, the amalgamation of column cambered surface can also adopt location tenon and constant head tank cooperation to realize, all is equipped with the location tenon on two edges of a column cambered surface side promptly, and two edges of another column cambered surface side all are equipped with the constant head tank that matches with the location tenon, and the location tenon inserts the constant head tank when two column cambered surfaces are amalgamated, realizes the two and stably splices. As shown in fig. 1, the outer side surfaces of the three shaft sleeves are provided with connecting lugs which are matched with each other: the alignment portion connecting lug 104, the detection portion connecting lug 204 and the correction portion connecting lug 304 adopt the design that the connecting

pins

412 and 423 penetrate through the adjacent shaft sleeve connecting lugs simultaneously between the shaft sleeves, so that the coaxial distribution and the fixed connection between the shaft sleeves are realized.

Before the device is used, the device needs to be aligned, and the shaft sleeve and the first shaft 91 are coaxial through a sensing device on the alignment part 1. The alignment operation needs to adjust the position and orientation of the shaft sleeve, as shown in fig. 1-2, two adjusting brackets 5 are axially arranged on the outer surface of the shaft sleeve, further, bracket connecting blocks 50 for installing the adjusting brackets 5 are further arranged between the shaft sleeves, the bracket connecting blocks 50 are of an annular structure, and the outer side surfaces of the bracket connecting blocks are also provided with connecting lugs 504. Further, in order to realize the stability of the connection between the bracket connection block 50 and the shaft sleeve, a step and a convex strip need to be arranged at the connection position. Taking the connection between the alignment shaft sleeve 10 and the stand connecting block 50 as an example, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 1, a step 105 is disposed at the opening of the alignment shaft sleeve 10, two bottom surfaces of the stand connecting block 50 extend towards two sides respectively to form a protruding strip 505 matching with the step, when connecting, the protruding strip 505 is inserted into the step 105 of the shaft sleeve, and the engaging lug 504 of the stand connecting block 50 is connected in series with the engaging lugs of two adjacent shaft sleeves through the same connecting

pins

412 and 423. Adjusting bracket 5 includes fixed baseplate 51 and the telescopic strut 52 that is located between fixed baseplate 51 and the axle sleeve, and is concrete, is equipped with two leg joint pieces 50 between three axle sleeve, all installs telescopic strut 52 on two leg joint pieces 50, and telescopic strut 52 can be fixed at leg joint piece 50 lower surface in the upper end, and telescopic strut 52 lower extreme is fixed on a horizontal position regulating block 53, and horizontal position regulating block 53 is then slidable mounting in fixed baseplate 51. During the use equipment, fixed baseplate 51 is fixed on the laboratory bench, and horizontal position regulating block 53 is embedded in fixed baseplate 51's magnetism adsorbs the piece, adjusts through two horizontal position regulating block 53, can realize in the horizontal plane three axle sleeves of bulk movement or change the orientation of axle sleeve in the horizontal plane, and through adjusting two telescopic strut 52, can adjust the orientation of three axle sleeves in the vertical plane, keeps three axle sleeves coaxial with primary shaft 91 through the adjustment. Of course, the existing industrial control technology can be further adopted, and the automatic extension of the telescopic supporting rod and the automatic offset of the horizontal position adjusting block are realized by means of a motor and the like, so that the automatic alignment of the shaft sleeve is realized, and the specific implementation scheme is not further described here.

During the alignment process, the sensing device of the alignment unit 1 is required to obtain the surface curvature information of the first shaft 91, and then the sensing device of the detection unit 2 is also required to obtain the surface curvature information of the second shaft 92 when the second shaft 92 is detected. The sensing device for detecting the surface radian information of the first shaft 91 or the second shaft 92 can be distance sensors which are arranged inside the

shaft sleeves

10 and 20 of the finding part 1 and the detecting part 2 and can move along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeves, in the embodiment, two distance sensors are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the shaft sleeve 10 along the circumferential center, and each distance sensor can obtain the distance from the shaft sleeve to different positions of the surface of the shaft sleeve around the circumferential direction of the first shaft 91 or the second shaft 92 and the distance is close to the half circumferential distance, so that whether the shaft sleeves and the shafts are coaxially arranged can be judged. Specifically, taking the alignment portion 1 as an example, as shown in fig. 3-5, the distance sensor may be a probe 11 installed at an inner end of the detecting telescopic member 12, the probe 11 is an existing detecting tool for macro, and the structure and operation of the detecting tool are not important here, and will not be described redundantly, and the detecting telescopic member 12 is slidably installed on the shaft sleeve 10 and can be extended and retracted toward the inside of the shaft sleeve 10 along the radial direction of the shaft sleeve 10. During installation, a bar-shaped through hole 13 penetrating through the inside and the outside of the shaft sleeve 10 is arranged on the shaft sleeve of the locating part 1, the bar-shaped through holes 13 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve, guide rails 14 are distributed on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve along the bar-shaped through holes 13, the guide rails 14 can be distributed on two sides of the bar-shaped through holes 13, a moving plate 15 capable of sliding along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve is installed on the guide rails 14, sliding sleeves 154 matched with the guide rails 14 are respectively arranged on two sides of the moving plate 15, the sliding sleeves 154 on the two sides are respectively; the servo motor 16 for controlling the moving plate 15 to move is mounted on the moving plate 15, an output shaft of the servo motor 16 is parallel to the central axis of the shaft sleeve 10, a driving gear 161 is fixed at the tail end of the output shaft, racks 162 are further distributed on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve along the strip-shaped through hole 13, the driving gear 161 is meshed with the racks 162, the moving plate 15 can be driven to move along the guide rail 14 by controlling the servo motor 16 on the moving plate 15 through interaction between the driving gear 161 and the racks 162, and then the distance sensor probe 11 is driven to move along the circumferential direction. The detection of the movement of the telescopic member 12 is carried out by means of a telescopic servomotor 17, the telescopic servomotor 17 being mounted on the moving plate 15, and the output shaft of the telescopic servo motor 17 points to the inside of the shaft sleeve in the radial direction, the output shaft of the telescopic servo motor passes through the moving plate and is arranged on the detection telescopic part 12, the outer side of the detection telescopic part 12 can be provided with threads, a telescopic fixed seat 121 matched with the detection telescopic part 12 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the movable plate 15, a radial fixed seat through hole is arranged on the telescopic fixed seat 121, an internal thread matched with the thread of the outer wall of the detection telescopic part 12 is arranged on the inner wall of the fixed seat through hole, the detection telescopic part 12 is circumferentially limited and can be sleeved on an output shaft of the telescopic servo motor 17 in a vertically sliding manner, for example, the surface of the output shaft is provided with a protrusion, and the inner wall of the detection telescopic member is provided with a sliding groove matched with the protrusion. When the telescopic servo motor 17 is driven, the detection telescopic part 12 moves up and down under the combined action of the telescopic fixing seat 121 and the telescopic servo motor 17, so as to drive the probe 11 to move up and down, and the detection of the curved surface information of the first shaft 91 is completed. The sensor of the detecting unit 2 is provided in the same manner as the finding unit 1, and can detect the curve information of the second axis 92.

Further, during the detection, in order to detect the axial and radial deviation between the first shaft 91 and the second shaft 92 at the same time, it is required that at least two distance sensors are installed in parallel inside the detection portion 2 along the axial direction of the shaft sleeve 20, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, two groups of distance sensors are provided in this embodiment, two distance sensors are distributed in each group of sensors along the circumferential central symmetry, each distance sensor in one group of sensors can obtain the distance from the shaft sleeve to different positions of the shaft surface by winding the distance close to the half circumference around the circumferential direction of the second shaft 92, and then it can be determined whether the shaft sleeve and the shaft are coaxially arranged. Two distance sensors on the same cylindrical arc surface 200 of the shaft sleeve 20 constitute the two distance sensors arranged in parallel in the axial direction, and the two distance sensors simultaneously move synchronously along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve 20 to acquire the surface arc information of the second shaft 92. During specific installation, the distance sensor is installed in the alignment part 1, and the distance sensor is characterized in that two strip-shaped through holes 23 which are parallel to each other are formed in the shaft sleeve 20 of the detection part, guide rails 24 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of each strip-shaped through hole 23, moving plates 25 are installed on the guide rails 24, the guide rails 24 are also distributed on two sides of each strip-shaped through hole 23, the moving plates 25 are installed in the alignment part 1, each strip is provided with a telescopic servo motor 27, the telescopic servo motors 27 are installed in the same mode as the alignment part 1, and probes 21 are installed through a detection telescopic piece. The two moving plates 25 are synchronously and fixedly connected through a connecting rod 28, specifically, moving plate connecting lugs 251 are arranged on the surfaces of the two moving plates 25, in this embodiment, the moving plate connecting lugs 251 are fixed on the telescopic servo motor 27, and the connecting rod 28 simultaneously penetrates through the connecting lugs 251 on the two moving plates 25 and connects and fixes the two moving plates. One of the moving plates 25 is provided with a servo motor 26 for controlling the moving plate 25 to move circumferentially, a rack 262 is arranged between the two strip-shaped through holes 23 in parallel, a driving gear 26 on an output shaft of the servo motor 26 interacts with the middle rack 262 to drive the two moving plates 25 to move circumferentially synchronously along the shaft sleeve, so that a double-ring measurement result is obtained, and the double-ring measurement result not only can reflect the radial offset between the second shaft 92 and the shaft sleeve 20, but also can reflect the axial offset between the two.

After obtaining the deviation between the first shaft 91 and the second shaft 92, the correction of the deviation between the two is realized by the correction unit 3. The correcting portion 3 corrects the deviation by hitting the force applying device at different positions on the surface of the second shaft 92, specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 7-9, the force applying device is installed inside the shaft sleeve 30 of the correcting portion 3, the force applying device includes a force applying telescopic member 32 and a force loading rod 31 installed at the inner end of the force applying telescopic member 32, the force applying telescopic member 32 is slidably installed on the shaft sleeve 30 and can drive the force loading rod 31 to extend and retract radially toward the inside of the shaft sleeve 30 along the shaft sleeve 30, interaction between different positions of the force loading rod 31 and the second shaft 92 is realized by the extending and retracting operation of the force applying telescopic member 32, and further, the direction and the orientation of the second shaft 92 are finely adjusted. Because the striking is performed at different positions on the surface of the second shaft 92, and the radial and circumferential deviation between the two shafts needs to be corrected, the force application device is designed to perform circumferential and axial movement on the shaft sleeve, and during specific installation, two force application devices are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the shaft sleeve 30 along the circumferential center, namely, one force application device is respectively installed on each columnar cambered surface 300. Each force application device can perform force application adjustment on the second shaft in all directions around the second shaft 92 in a way of approaching a half-circle distance in the circumferential direction. A bar-shaped through hole 33 penetrating through the inside and the outside of the shaft sleeve 30 is formed in the shaft sleeve 30 of the correcting part 3, the bar-shaped through holes 33 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve 30, guide rails 34 are distributed on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve 30 along the bar-shaped through holes 33, a moving plate 35 sliding along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve 30 is installed on the guide rails 34, and a force application device is installed on the moving plate 35; the moving plate 35 is further provided with a servo motor 36, an output shaft of the servo motor 36 is parallel to the central axis of the shaft sleeve, a driving gear 361 is fixed at the tail end of the output shaft, racks 362 are further distributed on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve 30 along the strip-shaped through hole 33, the driving gear 361 is meshed with the racks 362, and the servo motor 36 on the moving plate 35 is controlled, so that the moving plate 35 can be driven to move along the guide rail 34 by utilizing the interaction between the driving gear 361 and the racks 362, and then the force application device is driven to move along. Further, the force application device can be axially slidably mounted inside the moving plate 35, an axial moving plate guide rail 351 is arranged inside the moving plate 35, the outer end of the force application device is sleeved on the moving plate guide rail 351 and can axially slide along the shaft sleeve, an axial motor 352 is arranged on the inner side wall of the moving plate 35, the axial motor 352 is fixedly connected with a coaxial screw rod 353 on an axial output shaft of the shaft sleeve, the screw rod 353 penetrates through the outer end of the force application device, and the axial motor 352 can drive the force application device to axially move along the shaft sleeve through rotation of the screw rod 353. Obviously, when the two urging means urge on the same section, the deviation in the radial direction of the second shaft 92 can be corrected, and when the two urging means urge on different sections, the deviation in the axial direction of the second shaft 92 can be corrected. The force application of the force loading rod 31 is realized through the force application expansion piece 32, the force application expansion piece can be in various modes, can be realized through an electric control hydraulic cylinder or an electric control air cylinder, and can also be realized through driving a screw rod to rotate by adopting a motor so as to realize the radial expansion of the screw rod, the force application expansion piece 32 only needs to enable the force loading rod 31 to realize the force application on the surface of the second shaft 92, the force application expansion piece 32 is the prior art, the specific structure of the force application expansion piece 32 is not focused on the scheme, and the specific description is not provided herein.

A precise shaft butt joint method adopting the precise shaft butt joint equipment comprises the following steps:

step one, sleeving the precision shaft butting equipment on two shafts to be butted, sleeving an alignment part on a first shaft, and sleeving a detection part and a correction part on a second shaft as shown in figures 1-9;

the second step, the first shaft and the precision shaft butt joint equipment are coaxial through the finding part, the radian information of the surface of the first shaft is obtained by utilizing a sensor arranged on the finding part, the position of the central shaft of the first shaft is determined, the position and the orientation of the precision shaft butt joint equipment are adjusted to enable the precision shaft butt joint equipment to be coaxial with the first shaft, and the finding part, the detection part and the correction part are coaxially distributed and fixedly connected with each other, so that axial and radial deviations are inevitably generated between the precision shaft butt joint equipment and the second shaft if the first shaft and the second shaft are not coaxial;

acquiring radian information of the surface of a second shaft through a sensor of a detection part, determining the position of a central shaft of the second shaft, comparing the central shaft of a first shaft, determining radial and axial deviations between the first shaft and the second shaft, and requiring a sensing device on the detection part to respectively acquire at least two groups of radian information at different positions of the surface of the second shaft in order to acquire deviations in multiple directions;

and fourthly, according to the deviations in multiple directions between the first shaft and the second shaft, the surface of the second shaft is hit through the force application device on the correction part to correct the deviation between the first shaft and the second shaft, and the precise shaft butt joint between the first shaft and the second shaft is realized.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that the changes and modifications made by the claims and the specification of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a precision shaft butt-joint equipment which characterized in that: including cup jointing at the epaxial portion of looking for of primary shaft and cup jointing detection portion and the correction portion on the secondary shaft, look for the coaxial distribution of portion, detection portion and correction portion, look for the portion with install the sensing device who obtains primary shaft and secondary shaft surface radian information respectively on the detection portion, sensing device in the detection portion is in the secondary shaft surface different positions acquire at least two sets of radian information in order to confirm the radial and axial deviation of primary shaft and secondary shaft, be equipped with on the correction portion and be used for beating the force applying device of secondary shaft surface in order to revise the deviation realizes the accurate axle butt joint between primary shaft and the secondary shaft.

2. The precision shaft docking apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the force application device comprises a force application part, a detection part and a correction part, wherein the force application part, the detection part and the correction part are all sleeved on a shaft sleeve on a first shaft or a second shaft, distance sensors capable of moving along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve are installed inside the shaft sleeve of the force application part and the detection part, and the force application device is installed inside the shaft sleeve of the correction part.

3. A precision shaft docking apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: at least two distance sensors are arranged in the detection part in parallel along the axial direction of the shaft sleeve, and the distance sensors synchronously move along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve simultaneously to acquire the radian information of the surface of the second shaft.

4. A precision shaft docking apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: the distance sensor is for installing the probe in detecting the extensible member inner, it installs to detect the extensible member slidable on just can follow the axle sleeve and radially stretch out and draw back towards the axle sleeve is inside.

5. A precision shaft docking apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the force application device can move on the shaft sleeve of the correction part in the circumferential direction and the axial direction.

6. A precision shaft docking apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the shaft sleeves of the alignment part, the detection part and the correction part are all provided with strip-shaped through holes penetrating through the inside and the outside of the shaft sleeves, the strip-shaped through holes are distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeves, guide rails are distributed on the outer walls of the shaft sleeves along the strip-shaped through holes, moving plates sliding along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeves are mounted on the guide rails, and the force application device and the distance sensor are mounted on the moving plates; the movable plate is further provided with a servo motor, an output shaft of the servo motor is parallel to the central axis of the shaft sleeve, the tail end of the output shaft is fixedly provided with a driving gear, racks are further distributed on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve along the strip-shaped through hole, and the driving gear is meshed with the racks.

7. A precision shaft docking apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the shaft sleeve surface is equipped with two along the shaft sleeve axial and adjusts the support, it includes fixed baseplate and is located to adjust the support telescopic strut between fixed baseplate and the shaft sleeve, telescopic strut lower extreme is fixed on a horizontal position regulating block, horizontal position regulating block slidable install in the fixed baseplate.

8. A precise shaft butt joint method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, sleeving the precision shaft butt joint equipment of any one of claims 1 to 7 on two shafts to be butted; enabling the first shaft and the precision shaft butt joint equipment to be coaxial through the alignment part; determining the radial and axial deviation between the first shaft and the second shaft through a detection part; and fourthly, striking the surface of the second shaft through a force application device on the correction part to correct the deviation between the first shaft and the second shaft, and realizing precise shaft butt joint between the first shaft and the second shaft.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the sensing device on the detecting portion respectively obtains at least two sets of radian information at different positions on the surface of the second shaft.