CN111112554A - Method for manufacturing piston by using lost foam - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing piston by using lost foam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111112554A CN111112554A CN202010029306.5A CN202010029306A CN111112554A CN 111112554 A CN111112554 A CN 111112554A CN 202010029306 A CN202010029306 A CN 202010029306A CN 111112554 A CN111112554 A CN 111112554A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- lost foam
- sand
- melting
- inner core
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a piston by adopting a lost foam, which comprises the following steps: printing the jewel sand into a sand mold inner core with an internal cooling oil duct and an oil hole of a piston integrated by adopting 3D printing equipment, wherein a coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the sand mold inner core; connecting the sand mold inner core in a piston mold, and then foaming and molding the sand mold inner core by adopting polystyrene foam plastic to form a lost foam with the same shape as the piston; coating a coating layer on the surface of the lost foam, drying and burying the lost foam in dry sand in a piston casting sand box; and pouring by using the smelted casting raw material, and condensing to form the piston. The invention adopts the combination of the 3D printing technology and the lost foam casting technology to realize the 3D printing and forming of the internal cooling oil duct structure of the piston, and the manufacturing method has the advantages of simple process, high material utilization rate, good effect, low cost, no limit on the shape and size of the prepared piston and capability of meeting the requirement of the integration of the piston structure. The invention overcomes the problems of difficult forming and many sealing defects of the cold oil duct in the piston manufactured by the traditional process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile part processing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a piston by using a lost foam.
Background
The engine is the power source of the automobile, the rolling stock and the ship, the piston is the heart component of various engines, the piston bears the action of high temperature, high pressure, complex friction and heat engine coupling load in the working process, and the working environment is very severe. In the last two decades, the technology of internal combustion engines has been rapidly developed, the power per liter and the explosion pressure of the engines are continuously increased, and along with the increasing workload born by pistons, higher requirements, particularly high-temperature performance, are put forward on the performance of the pistons.
As shown in fig. 1, the machining between the internal cooling oil passage 11 of the piston and the piston housing 12 mainly adopts welding, friction welding, laser remelting and other machining forming modes, which all have certain disadvantages, such as difficult machining, easy deformation, large machining allowance, long machining period, difficult control of machining quality and precision and the like, and are difficult to meet the requirement of the integration of the internal cooling oil passage structure of the piston. Therefore, a new method for manufacturing pistons containing internal cooling gallery must be sought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the method which has the advantages of simple process, high material utilization rate, good effect, low cost, high production efficiency, no limit on the shape and size of the prepared piston and capability of meeting the requirement of integrating the piston structure, in particular to the method for manufacturing the piston by adopting the lost foam for the cold oil passage in the piston.
The invention is realized by the following modes:
a method of forming a piston using lost foam comprising the steps of:
step 1): printing the jewel sand into a sand mold inner core with an internal cooling oil duct and an oil hole of a piston integrated by adopting 3D printing equipment, wherein a coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the sand mold inner core;
step 2): connecting the sand mold inner core in the step 1) into a piston mold, foaming and molding the sand mold inner core by adopting polystyrene foam plastic to form a lost foam mold with the same shape as the piston, and adhering a pouring channel and a pouring gate formed by foaming and molding the polystyrene foam plastic to the lost foam mold; coating a coating layer on the surface of the lost foam, drying and burying the lost foam in dry sand in a piston casting sand box;
step 3): and pouring by using the smelted casting raw material, and condensing to form the piston.
Further, the casting raw materials comprise the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20-0.45%, Si: 0.25-0.65%, Mn: 0.85-1.60%, P: 0.03-0.05%, S: 0.03-0.05%, Cr: 0.25-0.95%, Ni: 1.50-2.10%, Mo: 0.10-0.45%, Cu: 0.25-0.5%, V: 0.25-0.25% and the balance Fe.
Further, the melting and pouring process of the casting raw materials comprises the following steps: adding pure scrap steel into a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting, and heating to 1400-1450 ℃; then adding ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum and ferrosilicon for melting, adding pure copper for melting after melting, measuring the components and the content of the melting solution after melting, and heating to 1590-1610 ℃ when the components and the content of the melting solution reach the specified range; and pouring the molten solution into a pouring gate for on-site pouring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the manufacturing method has the advantages that the 3D printing technology and the lost foam casting technology are combined, so that the cold oil duct structure in the piston is subjected to 3D printing and forming, the manufacturing method is simple in process, high in material utilization rate, good in effect and low in cost, the shape and size of the prepared piston are not limited, and the requirement of the integration of the piston structure is met. The invention overcomes the problems of difficult forming and many sealing defects of the cold oil duct in the piston manufactured by the traditional process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art piston construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example (b):
a method of forming a piston using lost foam, as shown in figure 2, comprising the steps of:
step 1): printing the jewel sand into a sand mold inner core 3 integrating a piston inner cooling oil duct 1 and an oil hole 2 by adopting 3D printing equipment, wherein a coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the sand mold inner core 3;
step 2): connecting the sand mold inner core 3 obtained in the step 1) into a piston mold, foaming and molding the sand mold inner core by adopting polystyrene foam plastic to form a lost foam mold 4 with the same shape as the piston, and adhering a pouring channel and a pouring gate formed by foaming and molding the polystyrene foam plastic to the lost foam mold 4; coating a coating layer on the surface of the lost foam, drying and burying the lost foam in dry sand in a piston casting sand box 5;
step 3): and pouring by using the smelted casting raw material, and condensing to form the piston.
Further, the casting raw materials comprise the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20-0.45%, Si: 0.25-0.65%, Mn: 0.85-1.60%, P: 0.03-0.05%, S: 0.03-0.05%, Cr: 0.25-0.95%, Ni: 1.50-2.10%, Mo: 0.10-0.45%, Cu: 0.25-0.5%, V: 0.25-0.25% and the balance Fe.
Further, the melting and pouring process of the casting raw materials comprises the following steps: adding pure scrap steel into a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting, and heating to 1400-1450 ℃; adding ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum and ferrosilicon for melting, adding pure copper for melting after melting, measuring the components and the content of the melting solution after melting, and heating to 1590-1610 ℃ when the components and the content of the melting solution reach the specified range (the specified range is the mass percentage content of the chemical components of the casting raw materials); and pouring the molten solution into a pouring gate for on-site pouring.
Further, during the melting process of the casting raw materials, the components and the content of the molten solution are measured in a manner commonly used in the field, and when the components and the content of the molten solution are lower than or higher than a specified range, the corresponding raw materials are added and blended so as to reach a value within a specified range (the specified range is the mass percentage content of the chemical components of the casting raw materials), and the blending manner is a manner commonly used in the field.
The hardness of the piston cast by the invention is 240-310 HV.
The tensile strength of the piston cast by the invention can reach 920-.
The yield strength of the piston cast by the invention can reach 740-860MPa at 20 ℃, 700-800MPa at 130 ℃, 680-750MPa at 300 ℃ and 520-580MPa at 450 ℃.
The elongation of the piston cast by the invention can reach 12-15 (%) at 20 ℃, 8-13 (%) at 130 ℃, 10-13 (%) at 300 ℃ and 15-16 (%) at 450 ℃.
The 3D printing equipment and the casting process are conventional equipment and conventional processes, and the invention is characterized in that: the manufacturing method has the advantages that the 3D printing technology and the lost foam casting technology are combined, so that the cold oil duct structure in the piston is subjected to 3D printing and forming, the manufacturing method is simple in process, high in material utilization rate, good in effect and low in cost, the shape and size of the prepared piston are not limited, and the requirement of the integration of the piston structure is met. The invention overcomes the problems of difficult forming and many sealing defects of the cold oil duct in the piston manufactured by the traditional process.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method of forming a piston using lost foam, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1): the method comprises the following steps of printing the jewel sand into a sand mold inner core (3) integrating a piston inner cooling oil duct (1) and an oil hole (2) by adopting 3D printing equipment, wherein a coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the sand mold inner core (3);
step 2): connecting the sand mold inner core (3) obtained in the step 1) into a piston mold, foaming and molding the sand mold inner core by adopting polystyrene foam plastic to form a lost foam mold (4) with the same shape as the piston, and adhering a pouring channel and a pouring gate formed by foaming and molding the polystyrene foam plastic to the lost foam mold (4); coating a coating layer on the surface of the lost foam, drying and burying the lost foam in dry sand in a piston casting sand box (5);
step 3): and pouring by using the smelted casting raw material, and condensing to form the piston.
2. A method of forming a piston using lost foam as defined in claim 1, wherein: the casting raw materials comprise the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20-0.45%, Si: 0.25-0.65%, Mn: 0.85-1.60%, P: 0.03-0.05%, S: 0.03-0.05%, Cr: 0.25-0.95%, Ni: 1.50-2.10%, Mo: 0.10-0.45%, Cu: 0.25-0.5%, V: 0.25-0.25% and the balance Fe.
3. A method of forming a piston using lost foam as defined in claim 2, wherein: the melting and pouring process of the casting raw materials comprises the following steps: adding pure scrap steel into a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting, and heating to 1400-1450 ℃; then adding ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum and ferrosilicon for melting, adding pure copper for melting after melting, measuring the components and the content of the melting solution after melting, and heating to 1590-1610 ℃ when the components and the content of the melting solution reach the specified range; and pouring the molten solution into a pouring gate for on-site pouring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010029306.5A CN111112554A (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Method for manufacturing piston by using lost foam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010029306.5A CN111112554A (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Method for manufacturing piston by using lost foam |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111112554A true CN111112554A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010029306.5A Pending CN111112554A (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Method for manufacturing piston by using lost foam |
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Citations (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1504637A (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-16 | 阿斯克迈塔尔公司 | Process for manufacturing a piston for an internal combustion engine, and the piston thus obtained |
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| CN101850402A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-06 | 沈阳利泰自控技术有限责任公司 | Lost foam casting method for statues and artworks |
| CN102451882A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-05-16 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Rapid composite precision manufacturing method for a metal part |
| CN102634720A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-15 | 扬州五亭桥缸套有限公司 | Nodular cast iron cylinder sleeve and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN203245333U (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-10-23 | 重庆双腾机械制造有限公司 | Curve type oil passage hole gear casing evanescent model |
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| CN104878274A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏金石铸锻有限公司 | Melting method of high-strength vermicular graphite iron |
| CN106984771A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-07-28 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method for the elevated temperature strength for improving 3D printing sand mold/core |
| CN108213349A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-06-29 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of method using 3D printing sand core production cylinder cap casting |
| CN108941511A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-07 | 北京北方恒利科技发展有限公司 | A kind of moulding process based on 3D printing cast aluminium alloy gold cylinder cap |
| CN110280722A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-27 | 科华控股股份有限公司 | A kind of production method of 3D printing turbine case runner core |
| CN110385404A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-29 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of complicated oil-way pipe cast casting process design method of 3D printing sand mold preparation |
| CN110499403A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 博罗县园洲镇鑫泉机械五金铸造有限公司 | Gray cast iron casting technique |
-
2020
- 2020-01-13 CN CN202010029306.5A patent/CN111112554A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1504637A (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-16 | 阿斯克迈塔尔公司 | Process for manufacturing a piston for an internal combustion engine, and the piston thus obtained |
| CN2683282Y (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-09 | 曹博海 | Combined lost foam casting device |
| CN101850402A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-06 | 沈阳利泰自控技术有限责任公司 | Lost foam casting method for statues and artworks |
| CN102451882A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-05-16 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Rapid composite precision manufacturing method for a metal part |
| CN103212669A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-24 | 天津市瑞普天晟汽车零部件制造有限公司 | Lost-foam casting model of engine cylinder body and casting method |
| CN102634720A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-15 | 扬州五亭桥缸套有限公司 | Nodular cast iron cylinder sleeve and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104325077A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2015-02-04 | 宁波吉威熔模铸造有限公司 | Casting method of vehicle engine piston |
| CN203245333U (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-10-23 | 重庆双腾机械制造有限公司 | Curve type oil passage hole gear casing evanescent model |
| CN103447463A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-18 | 山西华恩机械制造有限公司 | Method for improving finished product rate of evaporated pattern casting of holes and inner cavities |
| CN104416120A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 于彦奇 | 3D-printing sand core moulding method of large-scale hydraulic turbine blade |
| CN104878274A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏金石铸锻有限公司 | Melting method of high-strength vermicular graphite iron |
| CN106984771A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-07-28 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method for the elevated temperature strength for improving 3D printing sand mold/core |
| CN108213349A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-06-29 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of method using 3D printing sand core production cylinder cap casting |
| CN110280722A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-27 | 科华控股股份有限公司 | A kind of production method of 3D printing turbine case runner core |
| CN108941511A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-07 | 北京北方恒利科技发展有限公司 | A kind of moulding process based on 3D printing cast aluminium alloy gold cylinder cap |
| CN110385404A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-29 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of complicated oil-way pipe cast casting process design method of 3D printing sand mold preparation |
| CN110499403A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 博罗县园洲镇鑫泉机械五金铸造有限公司 | Gray cast iron casting technique |
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Application publication date: 20200508 |