CN111112275A - Sanitary landfill covering method for domestic garbage in loess area - Google Patents
Sanitary landfill covering method for domestic garbage in loess area Download PDFInfo
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- CN111112275A CN111112275A CN201911181568.7A CN201911181568A CN111112275A CN 111112275 A CN111112275 A CN 111112275A CN 201911181568 A CN201911181568 A CN 201911181568A CN 111112275 A CN111112275 A CN 111112275A
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- loess
- landfill
- covering
- garbage
- covering layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
- B09B1/004—Covering of dumping sites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
Abstract
The invention discloses a sanitary landfill covering method for domestic garbage in loess areas, and belongs to the technical field of garbage landfill. The method comprises the following steps: covering loess on the landfill garbage in the household garbage landfill to form a loess covering layer, then ploughing a shallow trench on the surface of the loess covering layer, and irrigating the landfill garbage percolate to the surface of the loess covering layer in a watering mode when the lowest temperature of the area is not lower than 5 ℃. The method is simple and convenient to operate, not only can effectively utilize loess and garbage percolate with sufficient local earthwork amount, save land resources and reduce the treatment amount of the percolate, but also can effectively improve the strength of a covering layer and the content of organic matters, avoid the problems of dust raising and water and soil loss caused by loess covering, simultaneously enhance the water holding capacity of the loess covering layer and improve the anti-seepage capacity of the loess covering layer, and in addition, can also carry out biodegradation on landfill gas generated by landfill garbage, and has good degradation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a sanitary landfill covering method for domestic garbage in loess areas, and belongs to the technical field of garbage landfill.
Background
The sanitary landfill is one of the mainstream technologies for treating, mixing and collecting the household garbage at present due to the excellent economic benefit. With the continuous improvement of the economic level and the living level of residents in China, the yield of the domestic garbage is increased year by year, meanwhile, the environmental protection is also paid more and more attention, and then, the requirements on the scale and the quality of the sanitary landfill are correspondingly improved. According to the requirements of the Ministry of housing and urban and rural construction of the people's republic of China, technical specifications for sanitary landfill treatment of domestic garbage (GB50869-2013) and technical specifications for operation and maintenance of urban sanitary landfill (CJJ93-2016), sanitary landfill of domestic garbage is carried out according to the process flows of metering, unloading, spreading, compacting, disinfecting and covering. Therefore, appropriate cover must be made to the landfill to prevent the landfill gas and landfill leachate from causing environmental pollution during the landfill process.
At present domestic waste sanitary landfill mainly covers and covers with the earthwork through HDPE membrane and carries out day and middle cover, HDPE membrane covers and can effectively avoid light rubbish to fly apart, reduce the mosquito and fly and breed, the reposition of redundant personnel of rain and sewage is realized to a certain extent, but HDPE membrane covers the fund and drops into higher, and HDPE membrane ageing damage easily under strong illumination, also can't solve landfill gas and stench problem, in addition, in the northwest area that the earthwork is abundant, adopt HDPE membrane still can lead to the unnecessary earthwork that the landfill construction in-process produced to have no place to place, cause the wasting of resources. The native loess in northwest regions is directly adopted to cover earthwork of the domestic garbage landfill site, on one hand, the native loess has low water content, fine sand grains and low covering strength on the landfill garbage, and is easy to generate dust in sunny and strong wind weather and cause water and soil loss of side slopes in rainfall weather; on the other hand, the native loess has a permeability coefficient of 6.0X 10-4The water-holding capacity and the seepage-proofing effect are poor, and the output of the landfill leachate is easy to increase in rainy days; in addition, the biological activity of raw loess is very low, and the degradation effect on landfill gas and malodorous gas is also poor.
Therefore, how to realize effective covering of the landfill garbage in the domestic garbage landfill site of the loess area under the condition of saving resources as much as possible so as to improve the covering strength and the seepage-proofing capability of the covering layer and the degradation effect of the landfill gas and reduce the treatment amount of percolate is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in the garbage sanitary landfill process at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sanitary landfill covering method for domestic garbage in a loess area, which is simple and convenient to operate, can effectively utilize loess and garbage percolate with sufficient local earthwork amount, save land resources, reduce the treatment amount of the percolate, effectively improve the strength of a covering layer and the content of organic matters, avoid the problems of dust raising and water and soil loss caused by loess covering, enhance the water holding capacity of the loess covering layer and improve the seepage-proof capacity, and can also carry out biodegradation on landfill gas generated by landfill garbage, thereby having good degradation effect.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a sanitary landfill covering method for domestic garbage in loess areas comprises the following steps: covering loess on the landfill garbage in the household garbage landfill to form a loess covering layer, then ploughing a shallow trench on the surface of the loess covering layer, and irrigating the landfill garbage percolate to the surface of the loess covering layer in a watering mode when the lowest temperature of the area is not lower than 5 ℃.
Preferably, the cross section of the shallow trench is an inverted triangle, the depth of the trench bottom is 0.1-0.2m, and the distance between trenches is 0.3-0.5 m.
Preferably, when the loess-covering layer is used as a daily covering for landfill, the thickness of the loess-covering layer is 0.4-0.6 m; when the loess blanket is used as an intermediate blanket for landfill, the thickness of the loess blanket is 0.7-0.9 m.
Preferably, the percolate is irrigated with a surface load of 10L/m per day by sprinkling at a minimum temperature of the area of greater than 15 ℃2When the lowest temperature of the area is 5-15 ℃, the surface load of the percolate for watering irrigation is 5L/m per day2。
Preferably, the landfill leachate firstly enters a regulating and storing tank through a leachate guide and discharge pipe laid below the landfill, is stored and stabilized in the regulating and storing tank, is lifted to an irrigation pipeline by a lifting pump, and is irrigated to the surface of the loess covering layer in a watering mode.
Further preferably, the volume of the regulating and storing pool is ensured to be capable of storing the percolate for 6-9 months under the condition that the local rainfall is 50 years.
Further preferably, the B/C of the percolate after storage stabilization of the storage tank is less than 0.1.
Preferably, the loess is surplus loess generated during the construction of a loess area landfill or native loess mined locally.
From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention takes native loess as the covering soil of the domestic garbage landfill, irrigates the loess overburden layer with the percolate generated by the landfill garbage, not only can effectively utilize sufficient loess (such as redundant earthwork and cut loess generated in the process of the landfill construction) and landfill percolate of local earthwork, save land resources and reduce the treatment amount of the percolate, but also the percolate contains a large amount of humus, the irrigation of the loess overburden layer with the percolate is beneficial to improving the organic content of the loess overburden layer, increasing the number and the stability of granular structures, avoiding the problems of dust raising and water and soil loss caused by the loess overburden, simultaneously increasing the hydraulic conductivity of the loess, enhancing the water holding capacity of the loess overburden layer and improving the permeability coefficient, in addition, the improvement of the organic content is beneficial to the growth of microorganisms, and the microbial activity of the overburden layer after the irrigation of the loess overburden layer is enhanced, therefore, the degradation effect of landfill gas generated by the landfill garbage can be improved, and the effective control of secondary pollution of the household garbage landfill site is realized.
2. The invention can improve the surface area of the loess covering layer to ensure the aerobic environment by ploughing the shallow trench with the inverted triangular section on the surface of the loess covering layer.
3. After the landfill garbage of the landfill is treated by the method, the reduction of the landfill leachate of the landfill reaches more than 50 percent, the content of methane above a landfill area is lower than 1ppm, the content of hydrogen sulfide is lower than 0.0012ppm, the content of ammonia gas is lower than 0.3ppm, and the strength of odor is lower than 3.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the process of the present invention in use;
reference numerals:
1. impermeable layer 2, percolate discharge guide pipe 3, storage regulation tank 4, lift pump 5, loess covering layer 6, landfill garbage 7 and shallow trench
Detailed Description
The features of the invention will be further elucidated by the following examples, without limiting the claims of the invention in any way.
Example 1
Experimental group 1:
dumping loess on the surface of landfill garbage 6 in a household garbage landfill site, paving, leveling and compacting the loess by a bulldozer to form a layer of airtight and uniform loess daily covering layer 5 with the thickness of 0.5m, then ploughing out a shallow trench 7 on the surface of the loess covering layer, wherein the cross section of the shallow trench 7 is in an inverted triangle shape, the depth of the trench bottom is 0.1m, the distance between trenches is 0.3m, leachate generated by the landfill garbage enters a regulating and storing pool 3 through a leachate guide and exhaust pipe 2 paved in an impermeable layer 1 below the landfill garbage, and after the leachate is stored and stabilized in a B/C (proportion to the C) of the leachate to be less than 1 through the regulating and storing pool 3, the leachate in the regulating and storing pool 3 is lifted to an irrigation pipeline by a lifting pump 4 and irrigated to the surface of the loess covering layer 5 in a watering mode.
In the embodiment, the local minimum temperature of the area where the household garbage landfill site belongs is about 25 ℃, so the surface load of leachate watering irrigation is selected to be 10L/m per day2。
In the embodiment, the volume of the storage tank is ensured to be capable of storing the percolate for 6-9 months under the condition that the local rainfall is 50 years. The specific calculation method is as follows: acquiring local rainfall in 50 years, and calculating monthly leachate yield Q of the landfill according to an estimation method of landfill leachate yield provided in technical Specification for treating domestic waste leachate (CJJ150-2010)LIs mixing Q withLThe time required for storage is multiplied by the required storage volume.
Control group 1:
pouring loess on the surface of the landfill garbage in a household garbage landfill, and paving, leveling and compacting the loess by using a bulldozer to form a layer of airtight and uniform loess daily covering layer with the thickness of 0.5 m.
The results of performance test of the loess blanket in the experimental group 1 and the control group 1 are shown in table 1, and the concentration of landfill gas components in the air above the loess blanket area is shown in table 2.
Table 1 properties of loess coverage in experiment group 1 and control group 1
Compared with the control group 1, the loess covering layer in the experimental group 1 has higher field water holding capacity, organic matter content and density, and can effectively reduce dust emission and water and soil loss of the covering layer.
Table 2 comparison of the concentrations of landfill gas components in the loess overburden layers in experiment group 1 and control group 1
The loess blanket in the experimental group 1 had a better degradation effect on landfill gas than the control group 1.
Example 2
Experimental group 2:
dumping loess on the surface of landfill garbage 6 in a household garbage landfill site, paving, leveling and compacting the loess by a bulldozer to form a layer of airtight and uniform loess daily covering layer 5 with the thickness of 0.4m, then ploughing out a shallow trench 7 on the surface of the loess covering layer, wherein the cross section of the shallow trench 7 is in an inverted triangle shape, the depth of the trench bottom is 0.15m, the distance between trenches is 0.4m, leachate generated by the landfill garbage enters a regulating and storing pool 3 through a leachate guide and exhaust pipe 2 paved in an impermeable layer 1 below the landfill garbage, and is stored and stabilized to the condition that B/C of the leachate is less than 1 through the regulating and storing pool 3, and then lifting the leachate in the regulating and storing pool 3 to an irrigation pipeline by using a lifting pump 4 and irrigating to the surface of the loess covering layer 5 in a watering mode.
This exampleThe local minimum temperature of the area where the domestic garbage landfill is at is about 10 ℃, so the surface load of the percolate sprinkling irrigation is selected to be 5L/m per day2。
In the embodiment, the volume of the storage tank is ensured to be capable of storing the percolate for 6-9 months under the condition that the local rainfall is 50 years.
Control group 2:
pouring loess on the surface of the landfill garbage in a household garbage landfill, and paving, leveling and compacting the loess by using a bulldozer to form a layer of airtight and uniform loess daily covering layer with the thickness of 0.4 m.
The results of performance test of the loess blanket in the experimental group 2 and the control group 2 are shown in table 3, and the concentration of landfill gas components in the air above the loess blanket area is shown in table 4.
Table 3 properties of loess coverage in experiment group 2 and control group 2
Compared with the control group 2, the loess covering layer in the experimental group 2 has higher field water capacity, organic matter content and density, and can effectively reduce dust emission and water and soil loss of the covering layer.
Table 4 comparison of the concentrations of landfill gas components in the loess overburden layers in experiment group 2 and control group 2
The loess blanket in the experimental group 2 had a better degradation effect on landfill gas than the control group 2.
Example 3
Experimental group 3:
dumping loess on the surface of landfill garbage 6 in a household garbage landfill site, paving, leveling and compacting the loess by a bulldozer to form a layer of airtight and uniform loess middle covering layer 5 with the thickness of 0.8m, then ploughing out a shallow trench 7 on the surface of the covering layer, wherein the cross section of the shallow trench 7 is in an inverted triangle shape, the depth of the trench bottom is 0.2m, the distance between trenches is 0.4m, percolate generated by the landfill garbage enters a regulating and storing pool 3 through a percolate guide and discharge pipe 2 paved in an impermeable layer 1 below the landfill garbage, the percolate is stored and stabilized in the regulating and storing pool 3 until the B/C of the percolate is less than 1, and then lifting the percolate in the regulating and storing pool 3 to an irrigation pipeline by using a lifting pump 4 and irrigating to the surface of the covering layer 5 in a watering mode.
In the embodiment, the local minimum temperature of the loess area of the domestic garbage landfill is about 5 ℃, so the surface load of the percolate sprinkling irrigation is selected to be 5L/m per day2。
In the embodiment, the volume of the storage tank is ensured to be capable of storing the percolate for 6-9 months under the condition that the local rainfall is 50 years.
Control group 3:
the loess is poured on the surface of the landfill garbage in the household garbage landfill, and the loess is paved, leveled and compacted by a bulldozer to form a layer of airtight and uniform loess middle covering layer with the thickness of 0.8 m.
The results of performance test of the loess blanket in the experimental group 3 and the control group 3 are shown in table 5, and the concentration of landfill gas components in the air above the loess blanket area is shown in table 6.
Table 5 properties of loess coverage in experiment group 3 and control group 3
Compared with a control group 3, the loess covering layer in the experimental group 3 has higher field water holding capacity, organic matter content and density, and can effectively reduce dust emission and water and soil loss of the covering layer.
Table 6 comparison of the concentrations of landfill gas components in the loess overburden layers in experiment group 3 and control group 3
The loess blanket in the experimental group 3 had a better degradation effect on landfill gas than the control group 3.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or substituted equally as well to achieve the same technical result; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A sanitary landfill covering method for domestic garbage in loess areas is characterized by comprising the following steps: covering loess on the landfill garbage in the household garbage landfill to form a loess covering layer, then ploughing a shallow trench on the surface of the loess covering layer, and irrigating the landfill garbage percolate to the surface of the loess covering layer in a watering mode when the lowest temperature of the area is not lower than 5 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cross section of the shallow trench is an inverted triangle, the depth of the trench bottom is 0.1-0.2m, and the trench pitch is 0.3-0.5 m.
3. The landfill covering method of claim 1 or 2, wherein when the loess covering layer is used as daily covering of the landfill, the thickness of the loess covering layer is 0.4-0.6 m; when the loess blanket is used as an intermediate blanket for landfill, the thickness of the loess blanket is 0.7-0.9 m.
4. A landfill covering method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the surface load for percolate watering irrigation is 10L/m per day at a regional minimum temperature of greater than 15 ℃2When the lowest temperature of the area is 5-15 ℃, the surface load of the percolate for watering irrigation is 5L/m per day2。
5. The landfill covering method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the landfill leachate firstly enters the storage tank through a leachate guiding pipe laid under the landfill, is stored and stabilized in the storage tank, is lifted to the irrigation pipe by a lift pump, and is irrigated to the surface of the loess covering layer in a sprinkling manner.
6. A method of landfill covering according to claim 5, wherein the storage tank is of a volume to ensure storage of leachate for 6 to 9 months in the event of local rainfall of 50 years.
7. The landfill covering method of claim 5, wherein the B/C of the leachate after storage stabilization in the storage tank is less than 0.1.
8. The landfill covering method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the loess is surplus loess generated during construction of a landfill site of a loess area or native loess mined locally.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111675433A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-18 | 兰州大学 | Ecological strengthening treatment method for landfill leachate in northwest loess area |
| CN114394717A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-26 | 天津建昌环保股份有限公司 | In-situ pollution control method for household garbage landfill |
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| CN114394717A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-26 | 天津建昌环保股份有限公司 | In-situ pollution control method for household garbage landfill |
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