CN111111254A - Extraction equipment and extraction method - Google Patents
Extraction equipment and extraction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111111254A CN111111254A CN201811294971.6A CN201811294971A CN111111254A CN 111111254 A CN111111254 A CN 111111254A CN 201811294971 A CN201811294971 A CN 201811294971A CN 111111254 A CN111111254 A CN 111111254A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0269—Solid material in other moving receptacles
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Abstract
The invention provides extraction equipment and an extraction method. The extraction equipment comprises an extraction tank, an extraction tank upper cover, a rotating cage upper cover, a motor, a nitrogen input pipeline, a deoxidized water input pipeline and an extraction liquid output pipeline; wherein, the upper cover of the extraction tank is arranged at the upper part of the extraction tank; the rotary cage is arranged in the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank and is connected with the motor, the rotary cage can be driven by the motor to rotate, and the side wall and/or the bottom of the rotary cage is of a porous structure; the upper cover of the rotating cage is arranged at the upper part of the rotating cage; the motor is arranged outside the extraction tank; the nitrogen input pipeline, the deoxidized water input pipeline and the extract liquid output pipeline are respectively communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank. The invention also provides an extraction method adopting the extraction equipment. The extraction equipment provided by the invention is used for extraction, and the positive pressure of nitrogen is always kept in the extraction tank by adopting a method of filling nitrogen, so that the extraction liquid is effectively isolated from oxygen, and the negative influence of oxygen on the extraction liquid can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to extraction equipment and an extraction method, and belongs to the technical field of extraction.
Background
The tank test extraction is a common extraction method, and the tank test extraction mode is performed in a closed environment in the whole extraction process, but is far from sufficient when extracting certain substances sensitive to oxygen.
The existing traditional extraction method and equipment have the inevitable existence and participation of oxygen in the extraction process, which brings many negative effects to the extraction liquid. For example, in the case of coffee extraction, pure water as an extractant contains oxygen, and the environment during extraction also contains oxygen. Due to the participation of oxygen, the coffee extract is easily oxidized to become acid. In another example, in the extraction of legumes having a high oil content. Lipid materials are also easily oxidized due to excessive contact with oxygen, and fat is often oxidized after oxidation to have rancid taste.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an extraction apparatus and an extraction method.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides extraction equipment which comprises an extraction tank, an extraction tank upper cover, a rotating cage upper cover, a motor, a nitrogen input pipeline, a deoxidized water input pipeline and an extraction liquid output pipeline, wherein the extraction tank is arranged on the upper cover of the extraction tank;
wherein the upper cover of the extraction tank is arranged at the upper part of the extraction tank;
the rotary cage is arranged in the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank and is connected with the motor, the rotary cage can be driven by the motor to rotate, and the side wall and/or the bottom of the rotary cage are of a porous structure;
the upper cover of the rotating cage is arranged at the upper part of the rotating cage;
the motor is arranged outside the extraction tank;
the nitrogen input pipeline, the deoxygenated water input pipeline and the extraction liquid output pipeline are respectively communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank.
In the above extraction apparatus, the extraction tank may be a circular tank body, and a hollow inner chamber for accommodating the rotary cage is provided therein. The upper cover of the extraction tank is arranged at the upper part of the extraction tank and is used for sealing the extraction tank.
In the extraction equipment, the rotating cage is arranged in the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank and is used for containing the extract to be extracted, and when the rotating cage rotates, the materials in the extraction tank can be uniformly mixed and contacted, and the temperature of the materials in each part can be kept uniform. The side wall and/or the bottom of the rotating cage are porous, that is, the side wall and/or the bottom of the rotating cage can be provided with openings so that deoxygenated water enters the rotating cage to contact with the extract to be extracted for extraction, and simultaneously, the extract leaves the rotating cage in the centrifugal process. On the rotating cage, the positions, the number, the diameters, the densities and the like of the holes can be set according to requirements, and the holes at different positions can have different diameters and densities.
In the above extraction apparatus, preferably, the bottom of the rotating cage is connected to the motor. The motor can drive the rotating cage to rotate, thereby realizing the centrifugal treatment of the waste residue left in the rotating cage after extraction. Any motor capable of realizing the above functions can be used, and the arrangement mode and the connection mode with the rotating cage can be set according to requirements.
In the above extraction apparatus, preferably, the side wall of the extraction tank is provided with an interlayer. Steam can be introduced into the interlayer, so that the heating of the materials in the extraction tank is realized.
In the above extraction apparatus, preferably, the extraction apparatus is further provided with a steam input pipeline and a drain pipeline; the steam input pipeline and the water conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with the internal heating cavity on the side wall of the extraction tank. The steam input pipeline is used for inputting steam for heating into the interlayer on the side wall of the extraction tank, and the drain pipeline is used for outputting condensed water formed by condensing the steam in the interlayer, so that the temperature of the interlayer of the extraction tank is favorably improved. More preferably, a steam valve is arranged on the steam input pipeline, and a drain valve is arranged on the drain pipeline and is respectively used for controlling the opening and closing of the respective pipeline.
In the above extraction apparatus, preferably, the upper cover of the extraction tank is provided with a release valve, a pressure limiting valve and a pressure gauge. Wherein, the air release valve is used for carrying out air release operation on the interior of the extraction tank after extraction is finished and before the cover is opened. The pressure limiting valve is used for: the pressure in the tank is prevented from being overlarge, and the exhaust is automatically opened when the pressure in the tank is overlarge. The pressure gauge is used for monitoring the pressure inside the extraction tank.
In the above extraction apparatus, preferably, the nitrogen gas input pipeline passes through the upper cover of the extraction tank and is communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank. The nitrogen input pipeline is used for inputting nitrogen into the extraction tank. More preferably, a nitrogen valve is arranged on the nitrogen input pipeline and used for controlling the opening and closing of the nitrogen input pipeline.
In the above extraction apparatus, preferably, the deoxidized water input pipeline passes through the bottom of the extraction tank and is communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank, so as to input deoxidized water into the extraction tank. More preferably, a deoxygenated water valve is arranged on the deoxygenated water input pipeline and used for controlling the opening and closing of the deoxygenated water input pipeline.
In the above extraction apparatus, preferably, the extract liquid output pipeline passes through the bottom of the extraction tank and is communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank, for outputting extract liquid. More preferably, an extract valve is arranged on the extract output pipeline and used for controlling the opening and closing of the extract output pipeline.
The invention also provides an extraction method which is carried out by adopting the extraction equipment, and the extraction method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding raw materials: adding a substance to be extracted into the rotating cage, and covering the rotating cage with an upper cover;
(2) rotating the cage to enter the tank: loading the rotary cage filled with the substances to be extracted into the inner cavity of the extraction tank;
(3) and (4) capping the extraction tank: after the rotary cage is loaded, covering an upper cover of the extraction tank;
(4) water injection: injecting deoxidized water into the extraction tank, and immersing the extract to be extracted;
(5) filling nitrogen gas: filling nitrogen into the inner cavity of the extraction tank to keep the interior of the extraction tank in a nitrogen positive pressure state;
(6) heating an extraction tank: heating the extraction tank to raise the temperature of the material in the tank to the required extraction temperature;
(7) soaking and extracting: when the temperature in the extraction tank reaches the extraction temperature, soaking and extracting at constant temperature;
(8) extracting liquid from the extraction liquid: after extraction is finished, extracting an extract;
(9) centrifugal treatment of waste residues: after liquid discharge is finished, a motor is switched on to enable the rotating cage to rotate at a high speed, and extract liquor remaining in waste residues is obtained centrifugally;
(10) secondary liquid discharging: extracting the extract obtained by centrifugation again; after being extracted, the extract liquid can be mixed with the extract liquid extracted for the first time and stored for standby;
(11) preparing for deslagging: stopping filling nitrogen, and performing pressure relief operation to make the extraction tank reach a normal pressure state;
(12) tapping (cage discharging) from the extraction tank: and opening the upper cover of the extraction tank, and lifting the rotating cage to complete extraction.
In the above extraction method, preferably, the heating is performed by: and opening a steam valve to enable steam to enter an interlayer on the outer wall of the extraction tank through a steam pipeline to heat the extraction tank.
In the above extraction method, preferably, the rotating cage is in a low-speed rotating state during the steps (4) to (7). Therefore, the deoxidized water can be fully contacted with the extract to be extracted, the temperature of the materials in the extraction tank can be uniformly distributed, and the full soaking and extraction are facilitated.
By adopting the extraction method, deoxygenated water is taken as an extracting agent, and nitrogen is always filled into the extraction tank in the extraction process, so that materials in the extraction tank can be always isolated from oxygen in the whole extraction process, and the extraction liquid is prevented from contacting with oxygen to bring many negative effects to the extraction liquid.
Compared with the traditional extraction equipment and extraction method, the extraction equipment and the extraction method provided by the invention have the following technical effects:
Effect 4, slag convenient and fast: when the extraction tank is used for extraction, due to the design of the rotating cage in the extraction tank, waste residues can be taken out together with the rotating cage after extraction is finished, so that the slag discharging process is more convenient and thorough. The phenomenon that in the traditional process, the waste residue is often not completely discharged during slag discharge after extraction, and residues exist in an extraction tank is avoided.
Moreover, the extraction equipment has simple structure and principle and is very convenient to use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of extraction equipment provided in example 1.
The main reference numbers illustrate:
1. a rotary cage 2, a rotary cage upper cover 3, an interlayer 4, an extraction tank upper cover 5, a pressure gauge 6, a vent valve 7, a pressure limiting valve 8, a nitrogen input pipeline 9, a nitrogen valve 10, a steam input pipeline 11, a steam valve 12, a drain valve 13, a deoxidized water input pipeline 14, a deoxidized water valve 15, an extract liquid output pipeline 16, an extract liquid output valve 17, a motor 18 and a drain pipeline
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and advantages of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the practical scope of the present invention.
Example 1
This embodiment provides an extraction apparatus, the structure of which is shown in fig. 1. The extraction apparatus comprises: the device comprises an extraction tank, an extraction tank upper cover 4, a rotary cage 1, a rotary cage upper cover 2, a motor 17, a nitrogen input pipeline 8, a deoxygenated water input pipeline 13, an extraction liquid output pipeline 15, a steam input pipeline 10 and a drainage pipeline 18;
wherein, the upper cover 4 of the extraction tank is arranged at the upper part of the extraction tank;
the rotary cage 1 is arranged in a hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank, the bottom of the rotary cage 1 is connected with the motor 18, the rotary cage 1 can be driven by the motor 18 to rotate, and the side wall and the bottom of the rotary cage 1 are of a porous structure;
the upper rotating cage cover 2 is arranged at the upper part of the rotating cage 1 and is used for covering the materials in the rotating cage 1;
the motor 18 is arranged at the outer side of the bottom of the extraction tank;
a nitrogen input pipeline 8 passes through the upper cover 4 of the extraction tank and is communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank, and a nitrogen valve 9 is arranged on the nitrogen input pipeline 8;
a deoxidized water input pipeline 13 passes through the bottom of the extraction tank and is communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank, and a deoxidized water valve 14 is arranged on the deoxidized water input pipeline 13;
an extract liquid output pipeline 15 passes through the bottom of the extraction tank and is communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank, and an extract liquid valve 16 is arranged on the extract liquid output pipeline 15;
the side wall of the extraction tank is provided with an interlayer 3, and a steam input pipeline 10 and a water delivery pipeline 18 are respectively communicated with the interlayer 3;
a steam valve 11 is arranged on the steam input pipeline 10, and a drain valve 12 is arranged on the drain pipeline 18;
the upper cover 4 of the extraction tank is provided with a release valve 6, a pressure limiting valve 7 and a pressure gauge 5.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an extraction method for extracting tea leaves, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, the upper cover 4 of the extraction tank and the upper cover 2 of the rotating cage are opened, tea leaves are added into the rotating cage 1, the upper cover 2 of the rotating cage is covered, and the upper cover 4 of the extraction tank is covered.
Opening a deoxygenated water valve 14 to enable deoxygenated water to enter the extraction tank through a deoxygenated water pipeline 13, and closing the deoxygenated water valve 14 after the deoxygenated water submerges the extract through the porous rotating cage 1; opening a nitrogen valve 9 to fill nitrogen into the extraction tank, thereby removing air (oxygen) in the tank to keep the interior of the extraction tank in a nitrogen positive pressure state (the oxygen content in the extraction process can oxidize the extraction liquid to cause the quality to be poor); opening a steam valve 11 to enable steam to enter an extraction tank interlayer 3, so that the extraction tank is heated, and the temperature of materials in the tank is raised to the required extraction temperature; when the temperature in the extraction tank reaches the extraction temperature, constant-temperature extraction is started. After the extraction is finished within the preset extraction time, closing the steam valve 9, opening the extract liquid output valve 16, and extracting the extract liquid; when the extraction liquid is about to go out of the liquid, the rotation cage 1 is changed from low-speed rotation to high-speed rotation, and the extraction liquid remained in the waste residue is obtained by centrifugation; after the liquid is discharged, closing the nitrogen valve 9, and opening the air release valve 6 to enable the tank to reach the normal pressure state; and opening the upper cover 4 of the extraction tank, and lifting the rotating cage 1 out to finish extraction.
In order to improve the extraction effect, the tea leaves are fully contacted with water. In the soaking, heating and extracting processes, the rotating cage 1 rotates at a low speed.
Taste tests of the tea soup with or without nitrogen filling process for extracting taste, color and flavor comprise:
aiming at the influence experiment of oxidation on the tea soup, the tea soup prepared by nitrogen-filled extraction and the tea soup prepared by non-nitrogen-filled extraction are subjected to taste and flavor taste tests. The number of tasters is 100, two kinds of tea soup are tasted respectively, the anonymous scoring system is adopted, each full score is 10 points, the score is high, the effect is good, and the overall evaluation is carried out on the product liking degree.
The results of the taste experiments are reported in table 1. Non-nitrogen-charged extraction (conventional) was the same as example 2 except that no nitrogen charge was used.
TABLE 1
| Extraction method | Nitrogen charging extraction (inventive example 2) | Non-nitrogen-filled extraction (traditional process) |
| |
9 |
8 is divided into |
| Degree of |
9 |
8 is divided into |
| Bitter and |
9 |
8 is divided into |
| Degree of |
9 |
8 is divided into |
| Color and luster of |
10 |
8 is divided into |
| Like | 96 persons | 91 human being |
| In general | 4 |
9 persons |
| Dislike of | 0 person | 0 person |
Table 2 shows the yield data of the extracted tea leaves after centrifugation and the tea leaves without centrifugation. Non-centrifugation (conventional process) the same as in example 2 was conducted except that no centrifugation was conducted.
TABLE 2
| Item | Centrifugation (inventive example 2) | Without centrifugation (conventional process) |
| Tea weight (g) | 1000 | 1000 |
| Water (g) | 10000 | 10000 |
| Concentration of the extract (Bix) | 3.5％ | 3.5％ |
| Extract weight (g) | 7300 | 6400 |
| Yield (%) | 25.5 | 22.4 |
The yield is the weight of extract x concentration of extract divided by the weight of tea leaves.
From the above data it can be seen that: the extraction equipment and the extraction method can obtain better extraction effect and higher extraction yield.
Claims (10)
1. An extraction device comprises an extraction tank, an extraction tank upper cover, a rotary cage upper cover, a motor, a nitrogen input pipeline, a deoxidized water input pipeline and an extraction liquid output pipeline;
wherein the upper cover of the extraction tank is arranged at the upper part of the extraction tank;
the rotary cage is arranged in the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank and is connected with the motor, the rotary cage can be driven by the motor to rotate, and the side wall and/or the bottom of the rotary cage are of a porous structure;
the upper cover of the rotating cage is arranged at the upper part of the rotating cage;
the motor is arranged outside the extraction tank;
the nitrogen input pipeline, the deoxygenated water input pipeline and the extraction liquid output pipeline are respectively communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the extraction tank.
2. Extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the rotating cage is connected to the motor.
3. The extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the extraction apparatus is further provided with a steam input line and a drain line; preferably, a steam valve is arranged on the steam input pipeline, and a drain valve is arranged on the drain pipeline;
an interlayer is arranged on the side wall of the extraction tank;
the steam input pipeline and the water conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with the interlayers on the side walls of the extraction tank.
4. The extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the extraction tank is provided with a gas release valve, a pressure limiting valve and a pressure gauge on the upper cover.
5. The extraction apparatus of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen input line communicates with the hollow interior of the extraction tank through the extraction tank upper cover; preferably, a nitrogen valve is arranged on the nitrogen input pipeline.
6. The extraction apparatus of claim 1, wherein the deoxygenated water input line communicates with the hollow interior cavity of the extraction tank through the bottom of the extraction tank; preferably, a deoxygenated water valve is arranged on the deoxygenated water input pipeline.
7. The extraction apparatus of claim 1, wherein the extract outlet line communicates with the hollow interior of the extraction tank through the bottom of the extraction tank; preferably, an extract valve is arranged on the extract output pipeline.
8. An extraction method using the extraction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding raw materials: adding a substance to be extracted into the rotating cage, and covering the rotating cage with an upper cover;
(2) rotating the cage to enter the tank: loading the rotary cage filled with the substances to be extracted into the inner cavity of the extraction tank;
(3) and (4) capping the extraction tank: after the rotary cage is loaded, covering an upper cover of the extraction tank;
(4) water injection: injecting deoxidized water into the extraction tank, and immersing the extract to be extracted;
(5) filling nitrogen gas: filling nitrogen into the inner cavity of the extraction tank to keep the interior of the extraction tank in a nitrogen positive pressure state;
(6) heating an extraction tank: heating the extraction tank to raise the temperature of the material in the tank to the required extraction temperature;
(7) soaking and extracting: when the temperature in the extraction tank reaches the extraction temperature, soaking and extracting at constant temperature;
(8) extracting liquid from the extraction liquid: after extraction is finished, extracting an extract;
(9) centrifugal treatment of waste residues: after liquid discharge is finished, a motor is switched on to enable the rotating cage to rotate at a high speed, and extract liquor remaining in waste residues is obtained centrifugally;
(10) secondary liquid discharging: extracting the extract obtained by centrifugation again;
(11) preparing for deslagging: stopping filling nitrogen, and performing pressure relief operation to make the extraction tank reach a normal pressure state;
(12) deslagging in an extraction tank: and opening the upper cover of the extraction tank, and lifting the rotating cage to complete extraction.
9. The extraction process of claim 8, wherein the heating is performed by: and opening a steam valve to enable steam to enter an interlayer on the outer wall of the extraction tank through a steam pipeline to heat the extraction tank.
10. The extraction process of claim 8, wherein the rotating cage is in a low speed rotation state during steps (4) - (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811294971.6A CN111111254A (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Extraction equipment and extraction method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811294971.6A CN111111254A (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Extraction equipment and extraction method |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202951280U (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2013-05-29 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Plant effective constituent subcritical water extraction plant |
| CN204656056U (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-23 | 浙江诚泰化工机械有限公司 | A kind of tasteless Chinese medicine extracting tank |
| WO2018126097A1 (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2018-07-05 | George Stantchev | Superheated water extraction with counterpressure system and method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-11-01 CN CN201811294971.6A patent/CN111111254A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202951280U (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2013-05-29 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Plant effective constituent subcritical water extraction plant |
| CN204656056U (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-23 | 浙江诚泰化工机械有限公司 | A kind of tasteless Chinese medicine extracting tank |
| WO2018126097A1 (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2018-07-05 | George Stantchev | Superheated water extraction with counterpressure system and method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200508 |