CN111108574B - Outdoor switching device and method for switching high voltages of multiple phases - Google Patents
Outdoor switching device and method for switching high voltages of multiple phases Download PDFInfo
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- CN111108574B CN111108574B CN201880059261.7A CN201880059261A CN111108574B CN 111108574 B CN111108574 B CN 111108574B CN 201880059261 A CN201880059261 A CN 201880059261A CN 111108574 B CN111108574 B CN 111108574B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/022—Details particular to three-phase circuit breakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/008—Pedestal mounted switch gear combinations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
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Abstract
The invention relates to an outdoor switching device (1) and a method for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases (20, 21, 22), comprising at least two interruption units (2, 3, 4) which are respectively associated with different phases (20, 21, 22) and are arranged on a common carrier (8). The method according to the invention for switching the aforementioned outdoor switching device (1) comprises that the arms on the carrier (8) comprise all the interruption units (2, 3, 4) and/or that all the interruption units are switched, for example simultaneously, by means of a common drive (14) and/or elements of the kinematic chain (16), in particular with differently predeterminable and/or adjustable or controllable circuit connections of different arms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an outdoor switching device and a method for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases, the outdoor switching device having at least two interruption units, which are respectively associated with different phases.
Background
Outdoor switching devices for high voltages, in particular for switching voltages of up to 1200kV and/or currents of up to several hundred amperes, are known, for example, from DE 196 08 285 A1. The outdoor switching device comprises an interruption unit for the electrodes, which interruption unit is arranged in an insulating material housing. The overhead lines may be connected by two electrical interfaces, and the current path between the overhead lines may be switched by the interrupting unit. The current path between the two interfaces can be closed and/or opened by an interruption unit for the phase of the electrodes, i.e. the current/voltage. The interruption unit in the insulating material housing is arranged coaxially on the insulating material housing part and forms a pole on the carrier bracket. The pole is erected on a base, for example a foundation made of concrete, directed substantially vertically upwards, i.e. the longitudinal axis of the pole forms a right angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the base.
For switching, for example, currents/voltages having three phases, i.e., three-phase currents, three interruption units are used, which are arranged next to one another in three mutually separate poles. Each pole with an associated interruption unit is designed for switching a phase in a current path between two interfaces for, for example, overhead lines, consumers and/or current generators. The three poles, which are arranged separately next to one another, are designed to switch three different phases simultaneously and/or at different times apart from one another. The arrangement of separate pole columns for switching different phases is costly, cost-and space-intensive and requires a plurality of separate bases and a plurality of elements of the same type, for example carrying brackets, drives and/or insulating material housing parts, which are arranged side by side.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to provide an outdoor switching device and a method for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases, which avoid the aforementioned problems. The object is achieved by a simple, compact and inexpensive outdoor switching device for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases, which requires less space in the open air and is designed for switching a plurality of phases with a common drive.
According to the invention, the technical problem described is solved by an outdoor switching device having a high voltage for switching a plurality of phases according to the invention and/or by a method according to the invention for switching a high voltage of a plurality of phases with the aforementioned outdoor switching device, namely:
outdoor switchgear for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases, having at least two interruption units, which are assigned to different phases, characterized in that the interruption units are arranged on a common carrier;
a method for switching an outdoor switching device according to the invention is characterized in that different phases of a high voltage are switched each with at least one interruption unit, wherein all interruption units on a common carrier, in particular a cylindrical carrier, are comprised by an arm on the carrier and/or are connected by a common drive and/or an element of a kinematic chain, in particular with different, predeterminable and/or adjustable or controllable circuits of different arms, in particular simultaneously switching the interruption units.
The following describes advantageous embodiments of the outdoor switching device according to the invention for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases and of the method for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases with the aforementioned outdoor switching device:
at least two interruption units, each associated with a different phase, are arranged on different longitudinal axes;
the different longitudinal axes are arranged at an angle α different from 0 to each other;
the different longitudinal axes intersect at a point;
at least two interruption units, which are respectively associated with different phases, are arranged in different planes, in particular in different planes which are substantially parallel to the substrate and/or which are at different distances from the substrate;
the interruption unit comprises a vacuum tube and/or a gas-filled power switch, in particular with rated and main arcing contacts;
comprising one, two or more interruption units in each phase, said interruption units being in particular connected in series and/or arranged on a common longitudinal axis of each phase;
the common carrier is designed in the form of a column, in particular in the form of exactly one column, and/or is arranged substantially vertically upright on the base;
the common carrier has a support insulator or a plurality of support insulators connected in particular by flanges, wherein the support insulators comprise in particular a ceramic, silicone and/or a composite material, and/or the carrier comprises a base housing, in particular made of metal, and/or the carrier comprises a carrier support, in particular made of metal;
the interruption units are in particular each arranged in an insulator housing which is fastened directly or indirectly via a distributor, in particular a distributor having a mechanical steering gear, to a common carrier;
the common carrier and the interruption units arranged thereon have a T-shaped structure in each phase, each of which has at least two limbs which are arranged in particular on a common shaft and/or each have an electrical interface at a free end for connecting a current generator and/or a load and/or a power grid;
the arm is connected to the, in particular cylindrical, carrier, in particular by means of a distributor, and/or the interfaces of the arm are connected to a different, in particular predetermined and/or adjustable or controllable circuit by means of a distributor;
comprising at least one drive, which is arranged in particular laterally on the carrier, and/or comprising elements of a kinematic chain, in particular a steering gear and/or a switching lever, for transmitting a drive movement of the drive to the interruption units, in order to switch the interruption units, in particular to switch all interruption units of one phase simultaneously, and/or to switch all interruption units of all phases simultaneously;
the insulation device, in particular the insulator housing and/or the support insulator, is filled with an insulating gas, in particular SF6 and/or clean air, which has in particular a pressure in the range of the ambient pressure of the outdoor switchgear.
The contents of the technical features described herein may be combined with each other.
The outdoor switching device according to the invention for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases comprises at least two interruption units which are assigned to different phases. The interruption units are arranged on a common carrier.
By arranging the interruption units for switching different phases on one carrier, a simple, compact and inexpensive outdoor switching device for switching high voltages of multiple phases is created, which requires less space outdoors and is constructed for switching multiple phases with a common driver. In contrast to outdoor switchgear having a plurality of parallel poles, which are each configured separately from one another for one phase and are arranged side by side, independently of one another, a carrier is saved and, associated therewith, material and costs are saved.
At least two interruption units, which are each associated with a different phase, can be arranged on different, in particular non-parallel, longitudinal axes. In this way, good insulation of the individual phases from one another or good insulation of the electrical interfaces of the interruption units of different phases from one another can be achieved in a compact construction.
The different longitudinal axes can be arranged with respect to each other with an angle α different from 0. In the two different longitudinal axes, an angle α in the range of 90 degrees, for example, can result in a maximum spacing and thus in good electrical isolation of the electrical interfaces of the interruption units of different phases from one another. An angle α in the range of 60 degrees in the three phases can produce a maximum spacing and thus a good electrical insulation of the electrical interfaces of the interruption units of the different phases from one another.
The different longitudinal axes may intersect at a point. By means of the same distance of the electrical interfaces of the interruption units of different phases from the intersection point, in particular the external interfaces of the outdoor switchgear on, for example, the mains, the current generator and/or the load, a good electrical isolation of the electrical interfaces from one another, in particular a good electrical isolation of the different phases and/or of the same phase when the current path is interrupted, is produced.
At least two interruption units, which are each associated with a different phase, can be arranged in different planes, in particular in different planes which are substantially parallel to the substrate and/or which are spaced apart from the substrate by different distances. In this way, the interruption units on intersecting non-intersecting axes for different phases can be electrically well insulated from one another. Intersecting, non-intersecting axes are formed in the longitudinal axes, which intersect in a plan view perpendicular to the axes and extend, for example, parallel in a side view perpendicular to the plan view.
The interruption unit may comprise a vacuum tube and/or a gas-filled power switch, in particular with rated and main arcing contacts. Thereby, high switching voltages of maximum 1200kV and higher per phase are possible and high switching currents of maximum several hundred amperes can be switched. The circuit breaker, in particular with rated and main arcing contacts, may comprise a switching gas, for example SF 6 And/or clean air. The interruption unit can be compactly and/or inexpensively directly coated with an insulator, in particular ceramic and/or silicone, and/or arranged in an insulating housing comprising the insulator.
Two or more interruption units may be included in each phase, in particular connected in series, and/or arranged on a common longitudinal axis of each phase. In this way, a high switching voltage can be achieved with inexpensive, in particular standardized interruption units. For example, a series circuit of vacuum tubes with switching voltages of up to 35kV each can produce an outdoor switching device with a switching voltage of several hundred kV in each phase. The parallel circuit of two or more interruption units per phase enables similarly high switching currents, in particular in the range of several hundred amperes.
The common carrier can be constructed in the form of a column, in particular in the form of exactly one column. The carrier, which is in particular embodied in the form of a column, can be arranged substantially vertically upright on the base. In this case, it is assumed that a horizontally flat base is present in one plane, in which a base made of concrete, for example, is formed for the fixed anchoring of the column to the base. The use of a column, in particular an insulator column, in which all the breaking units are arranged, as a carrier results in a compact and inexpensive outdoor switchgear with the above-mentioned advantages. In particular, compared to outdoor switchgear having one or more columns in each phase, in which the interruption units of the phases are arranged in each case, the use of only one carrier according to the invention saves installation space, i.e. free space for installation, and costs. For example, in the case of a three-phase current with three phases, two carriers can be omitted when only one carrier, in particular in the form of a column, is used, which saves material, cost and surface area for mounting two additional carriers.
The common carrier can have one support insulator or a plurality of support insulators connected, in particular by flanges, wherein the support insulators comprise, in particular, ceramic, silicone and/or composite materials. Thereby, a good electrical insulation of the interruption unit and/or the electrical interface, in particular with respect to the ground potential, can be achieved. The carrier can comprise a base housing, in particular made of metal. The measuring device and/or the control or regulating device can be arranged in the housing, the drive can be arranged on or in the housing, and the communication device can be arranged in or on the housing simply and inexpensively, for example. The carrier can comprise a carrier support, in particular made of metal. The carrier can thus be fixed inexpensively and mechanically stable, for example in a base or a base. The support carrier can be, for example, an H-shaped or T-shaped steel carrier on which the base housing and/or one or more support insulators with the interruption unit are arranged.
The interruption units can in particular be arranged in the insulator housing respectively and/or the interruption units for one phase can have a common insulator housing. The insulator housings can be fixed directly on the common carrier or indirectly via a distributor, in particular a distributor with a mechanical steering gear. The switching movement provided by the drive can be transmitted to the respective interruption unit by way of a steering gear as an element of the kinematic chain during switching. In addition or alternatively, the distributor can in particular carry out the circuit connection of the interruption unit in a predefined and/or regulated or controlled manner.
The common carrier with the interruption units arranged on the common carrier can have a T-shaped structure in each phase, which has at least two arms each, which are arranged in particular on a common axis. In the case of three phases, for example, three T-shaped structures can be used which are arranged offset from one another, in particular vertically, or are arranged horizontally rotatable about a common vertical axis, have a common carrier as a common vertical axis, and the interruption units are each arranged in different horizontal arms. An electrical interface can be arranged at the free end of the arm for connecting the current generator and/or the load and/or the power grid. Thereby resulting in a compact mechanically stable structure.
The arm can be mechanically and/or electrically connected to the, in particular cylindrical, carrier, for example by means of a distributor. The interfaces of the arms can be connected to different circuits by the distributor, in particular to predetermined and/or adjustable or controllable circuits. Thus, a phase may be electrically connected by a divider such that one arm of the phase is located on a different vertical axis than the other arm of the phase and/or one arm of the phase is located in a different plane than the other arm of the phase. Thus, any, fixed or flexible circuit connection can be realized by the distributor as required.
The outdoor switching device according to the invention can comprise at least one drive, in particular arranged laterally on the carrier, for example a common drive for all the interruption units, or for example one drive per phase. The outdoor switching device according to the invention may comprise elements of a kinematic chain, in particular a steering gear and/or a switch lever, for transmitting a driving movement of the drive to the interruption unit when the interruption unit is switched on and off. All the interruption units of one or all phases can be switched, in particular all the interruption units can be switched simultaneously.
The insulation device, in particular the insulator housing and/or the support insulator, can be filled with an insulating gas, in particularSF thereof 6 And/or clean air, for example having a pressure in the range of the ambient pressure of the outdoor switchgear. In this way, a good electrical insulation is achieved in the event of a disconnection of the current path between the electrical interfaces and/or in the non-conductive region of the outdoor switchgear.
The method according to the invention for switching the aforementioned outdoor switching device comprises switching different phases of the high voltage with at least one interruption unit, respectively. In this case, all the interruption units are arranged on a common carrier, in particular a cylindrical carrier, and are encompassed by arms on the carrier. The interruption units are switched in particular simultaneously via a common drive and/or elements of the kinematic chain, in particular with different, predeterminable and/or adjustable or controllable circuit connections of the different arms.
The advantages of the method according to the invention for switching the aforementioned outdoor switching device are similar to the aforementioned advantages of the outdoor switching device according to the invention for switching high voltages of multiple phases and vice versa.
Drawings
Subsequently, an outdoor switchgear according to the prior art is schematically shown in fig. 1 and subsequently described in detail, and two different embodiments of an outdoor switchgear according to the invention are schematically shown in fig. 2 to 5 and subsequently described in detail.
Here:
fig. 1 shows schematically in a side view an outdoor switching device 1 for poles or phases according to the prior art with an interruption unit 2 arranged in a pole and one carrier 8 for each pole, and
fig. 2 shows schematically in a side view a first embodiment of an outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases 20, 21, 22, having three interruption units 2, 3, 4, i.e. one interruption unit for each phase, which are all arranged on a common carrier 8, and
fig. 3 shows the outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention of fig. 2 schematically in a top view and
fig. 4 shows schematically in a side view a second embodiment of an outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases 20, 21, 22 with six interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, i.e. two interruption units per phase, which are both arranged on a common carrier 8, and
fig. 5 shows schematically in a top view the outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows an outdoor switching device 1 for one pole or phase according to the prior art in a side view. The outdoor switching device 1 has an interruption unit 2 arranged on a carrier 8. In an outdoor high-voltage circuit breaker, for example a three-pole circuit breaker, three outdoor switching devices 1 according to fig. 1 for one pole are arranged individually, side by side and spaced apart. These outdoor switchgear assemblies 1 each have a carrier 8, which is of cylindrical design, for example, and in each case has a carrier support 15, which is anchored in the substrate, for example, by a base consisting of concrete, or is fixed to the substrate.
The support frame 15 is, for example, an H-shaped or T-shaped support, which is made of steel in particular. Arranged on the support carrier 15 is a base housing 13, which comprises, for example, elements of a kinematic chain 16, in particular a steering gear, a control and/or regulating device, and/or a communication device. A drive 14, for example a spring-loaded drive and/or an electric motor, is fastened to the support bracket 15, in particular laterally. Alternatively or additionally, the driver 14 may be arranged inside, below or above the base housing 13. The drive 14 supplies movement energy during switching, which is transmitted via elements of the kinematic chain 16, for example a switching lever and/or a gear mechanism, to the movable contact of the interruption unit 2.
The interruption unit 2 is, for example, a vacuum tube in an insulator and/or a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker, in particular a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker having rated current and main arcing contacts, the insulator being made of, for example, ceramic, silicone and/or composite material and being filled with a switching gas and/or an insulating gas, for example clean air and/or SF 6 . It is also possible to use a plurality of interruption units 2 connected in series and/or in parallel, which are arranged, for example, one above the other. The one or more electrical contacts of the interruption unit 2 comprise at least one movable contact piece which, when closing and/or opening the contacts, moves towards or away from at least one second contact piece of the contacts until the current path is opened or closed by the contacts or the interruption unit. The movement energy for moving the movable contact is supplied by the drive 14 during switching and is transmitted to the movable contact of the interruption unit 2 via elements of the kinematic chain 16, for example a switching lever and/or a gear.
Between the interruption unit 2 and the basic housing 13, a supporting insulator 10 is arranged, which for example comprises ceramic, silicone and/or composite material. The supporting insulator 10 and/or the insulator (which is constructed, for example, as a housing or, when the insulator is used, directly on the interruption unit 2) is constructed, for example, in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the outer surface of which ribs are constructed for improved external insulation along the longitudinal axis. The breaking unit 2, with or without insulator, the supporting insulator 10, the carrier bracket 15 and in particular the base housing 13 are arranged coaxially to a common longitudinal axis, in particular substantially perpendicular to the base. The outdoor switching device 1 thus has the shape of a pole with, for example, a driver 14 fixed to the side.
In fig. 2 a first embodiment of an outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention for switching high voltages of multiple phases 20, 21, 22 is schematically shown in a side view. Fig. 3 shows the outdoor switchgear 1 of fig. 2 in a plan view. The outdoor switching device 1 of fig. 2 and 3 has three interruption units 2, 3, 4, i.e. one interruption unit 2, 3, 4 for each phase 20, 21, 22. With the outdoor switching device 1 of fig. 2 and 3, three-phase currents can be switched, in particular one of the three phases 20, 21, 22 can be switched with one respective interruption unit 2, 3, 4. All three phases 20, 21, 22 can be switched simultaneously and/or chronologically together by means of the three interruption units 2, 3, 4.
According to the invention, the three interruption units 2, 3, 4 are arranged together on a common carrier 8. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment according to the prior art of fig. 1 with three carriers 8, two carriers 8 are omitted by arranging three interruption units 2, 3, 4 on a common carrier 8. Thereby saving material and costs and the outdoor switchgear 1 becomes more compact.
The common carrier 8 of the outdoor switchgear 1 according to the invention comprises a carrier bracket 15 which is anchored in or fixed on the substrate, for example by a base consisting of concrete. The support frame 15 is, for example, an H-shaped or T-shaped support, which is made, in particular, of steel. On the support carrier 15, a base housing 13 is arranged, which comprises, for example, the elements of the kinematic chain 16, in particular the steering gear, the control and/or regulating device, and/or the communication device. A drive 14, in particular a spring-loaded drive and/or an electric motor, is fastened to the support bracket 15, for example laterally. Alternatively or additionally, the drive 14 may be arranged, for example, inside, below or above the base housing 13. The drive 14 supplies movement energy during switching, which is transmitted via elements of the kinematic chain 16, such as, for example, a switching lever and/or a gear to the movable contact pieces of the three interruption units 2, 3, 4.
The interruption units 2, 3, 4 comprise, for example, vacuum tubes and/or gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breakers, which in particular have rated current and main arcing contacts. The interruption units 2, 3, 4 are each arranged in an insulator, for example made of ceramic, silicone and/or composite material, filled with switching gasBulk and/or insulating gases, e.g. clean air and/or SF 6 . A plurality of interruption units may also be arranged in the insulator. The insulator is arranged around the contact, for example a hollow cylinder, of the interruption unit 2, 3, 4 or of a plurality of interruption units. For switching high voltages, in particular high voltages of up to 1200kV per phase, a plurality of interruption units can be connected in series in succession. For switching high currents, in particular high currents of up to several hundred amperes per phase, a plurality of interruption units can be connected in parallel. In the embodiment of fig. 1, for the sake of simplicity, one interrupt unit 2, 3, 4 is provided for each phase 20, 21, 22 by way of example.
The interruption units 2, 3, 4 are arranged with their longitudinal axes 17, 18, 19 parallel to the base or horizontal plane, at different distances from the base or at different heights. In the embodiment of fig. 1, the spacing between the interruption units 2 and 3 is equal to the spacing between the interruption units 3 and 4. Alternatively, the spacing may also be different. The longitudinal axes 17, 18, 19 of the interruption units 2, 3 and 4 intersect one another in a plan view, see fig. 3, and enclose an angle α, for example 45 degrees, between adjacent interruption units 2 and 3 and 4, respectively. The angles between the interruption units 2 and 3 and between the interruption units 3 and 4 may also be different, which is not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity. The interruption units 2, 3 and 4 are arranged at the same distance from a common point of intersection of the axes 17, 18, 19 in the embodiment of the drawing, viewed in plan view. Alternatively, the spacing may also be different.
Each phase 20, 21, 22 has two arms along the respective longitudinal axis 17, 18, 19, which in each case are connected to one another, for example via the steering gear 9 and/or the distributor, as seen in plan view, in the intersection of the longitudinal axes 17, 18, 19. In the figures, each longitudinal axis 17, 18, 19 comprises a first arm to the left of the intersection point and a second arm to the right of the intersection point, the arms being located on a common respective longitudinal axis 17, 18, 19. In the exemplary embodiments of fig. 2 and 3, the left-hand arm comprises a connecting cable and/or a connecting rail, for example, to which overhead lines, consumers and/or current generators are connected or connectable, for example, via the electrical interface 12. The right-hand limb in the exemplary embodiments of fig. 2 and 3 respectively comprises an interruption unit 2, 3, 4 to which overhead lines, consumers and/or current generators are respectively connected or connectable, for example, via an electrical interface 12. There may also be more than one overhead line, consumer and/or current generator connected to the interface 12.
The connection points of the left and right arms, which are connected to one another, in particular via the steering gear or distributor 9, are supported by support insulators 10. The left and right arms in a plane parallel to the base produce a T-shaped structure with the respectively associated support insulator 10, wherein a steering gear or distributor 9, for example, is respectively arranged in the intersection of the vertical and horizontal axes of the T-shaped structure. The interruption units 2, 3, 4 for the phases 20, 21, 22 are respectively arranged on the right side of the T-shaped structure in the exemplary embodiment of fig. 2 and 3. The outdoor switchgear 1 of the drawing therefore comprises three stacked-on-top T-shaped structures with respective supporting insulators 10, which have a common vertical axis which produces a point of intersection in top view. Three support insulators 10, each having a distributor or steering gear 9 arranged on the support insulator 10, are arranged, for example, on the coaxially arranged support insulator 10, the base housing 13 and the carrier bracket 15.
In particular, the three supporting insulators 10, each with a distributor or steering gear 9, the supporting insulators 10 on the base housing 13, and the base housing 13 and the carrier bracket 15 have a cylindrical shape. A drive 14 is fastened to the column, in particular to the side of the base housing 13. The movement energy provided by the drive 14 during switching is transmitted via elements of the kinematic chain 16, for example a steering gear in the base housing 13 and three steering gears 9 on the support insulator 10 (which are each connected in particular via a switching rod arranged in the support insulator 10) to the interruption units 2, 3, 4, in particular to the movable contacts of the interruption units 2, 3, 4, in order to carry out the electrical switching. The transmission may be performed simultaneously and/or chronologically or individually on the interruption units 2, 3, 4.
The mechanical connection, for example between the support insulators 10 and/or between the support insulators 10 and the steering gear or distributor 9 and/or between the steering gear or distributor 9 and the interruption units 2, 3, 4, can be realized by means of flanges 11 and/or connections, for example screws, welding, gluing and/or clamping connections. The T-shaped structure formed by the left and right arms of the support insulator 10 and the phases 20, 21, 22, respectively, comprising the interruption units 2, 3, 4, is arranged, seen from above, relatively rotatable for the different interruption units 2, 3, 4, for example at an angle α of 45 degrees, respectively, see fig. 3. The different arms are connected to one another electrically by a distributor 9. The arms can be connected electrically as described above, each electrically to an arm on a common axis 17, 18, 19 or in a plane parallel to the substrate, so that an electrical connection is made in the closed contact of the respective interruption unit 2, 3, 4 between the opposing interfaces 12 on the common respective axis 17, 18, 19.
The circuit connections can be fixed beforehand or changed in a controlled or regulated manner. The left arm of the shaft 17, 18, 19 can thus be connected to the right arm of the other shaft 17, 18, 19, for example, so that the electrical connections of the phases 20, 21, 22 are not located on the common shaft 17, 18, 19 of each phase. The arms on one side, e.g. the left and/or right side, may also be interconnected by a distributor 9. This is not shown in the drawings for simplicity.
A second embodiment of an outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention for switching high voltages of multiple phases 20, 21, 22 is shown schematically in side view in fig. 4 and 5. The outdoor switching device 1 of fig. 4 and 5 is similar to the outdoor switching device 1 of fig. 2 and 3. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment of fig. 2 and 3, instead of three interruption units 2, 3, 4 arranged on one side, in the exemplary embodiment of fig. 4 and 5 the outdoor switchgear assembly 1 comprises six interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, in particular two interruption units per phase. According to the invention, in the outdoor switchgear 1 of fig. 4 and 5, all interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 are arranged on a common carrier 8, similar to the outdoor switchgear 1 of fig. 2 and 3.
Each phase 20, 21, 22 has two arms along the respective longitudinal axis 17, 18, 19, which arms are connected to one another, for example by a steering gear 9 and/or a distributor, in each case in the intersection of the longitudinal axes 17, 18, 19, as seen in plan view, see fig. 5. In the figures, each longitudinal axis 17, 18, 19 comprises a first arm to the left of the intersection point and a second arm to the right of the intersection point, said arms being located on a common respective longitudinal axis 17, 18, 19. In the exemplary embodiment of fig. 4 and 5, the left-hand and right-hand limbs each comprise an interruption unit 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, to which the overhead lines, the consumers and/or the current generators are respectively connected or connectable, for example, via an electrical interface 12. There may also be more than one overhead line, consumer and/or current generator connected to the interface 12.
As mentioned above, the remaining structure of the outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention of fig. 4 and 5 is substantially equal to the outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention of fig. 2 and 3. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment of fig. 2 and 3, the elements of the kinematic chain 16 in the exemplary embodiment of fig. 4 and 5 are connected via the steering gear 9 to the interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 in both arms, i.e., in the left and right arms, respectively. Thus, all the interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or their movable contact pieces can be actuated by in particular exactly one drive 14, i.e. the movement energy provided by the drive 14 during switching can be transmitted to all the interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 by the kinematic chain 16, in particular simultaneously and/or offset in time.
In the exemplary embodiment of fig. 4 and 5, the various arms are electrically connected to one another by way of a distributor 9, in a similar manner to the exemplary embodiment of fig. 2 and 3. The arms can be electrically connected in each case as described above to the arms on the common axes 17, 18, 19 or in a plane parallel to the substrate, so that an electrical connection is made in the closed contact of the respective interruption unit 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 between the opposing interfaces 12 on the common respective axis 17, 18, 19. Thereby, the respective two interruption units 2, 5 or 3, 6 or 4, 7 are connected in series and a double switching voltage can be switched compared to the switching of only one interruption unit per phase 20, 21, 22.
The circuit connections can be fixed beforehand or changed in a controlled or regulated manner. The left arm of the shaft 17, 18, 19 can thus be connected to the right arm of the other shaft 17, 18, 19, for example, so that the electrical connections of the phases 20, 21, 22 do not lie on the common shaft 17, 18, 19 and/or in a common plane for each phase. The arms on one side, e.g. the left and/or right side, may also be interconnected by a distributor 9. This is not shown in the drawings for simplicity.
By means of the six interrupt units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, with at least one interrupt unit 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 per arm, the three phases 20, 21, 22 can be switched, for example from the current generator and/or the transmission line on the interface 12, in particular from the interface 12 of the arm on one side, optionally for example to the consumers and/or transmission lines on the other interface 12, in particular on the interface 12 of the arm on the other side. The switching or changing of the phase at a specific consumer and/or at a specific transmission line can be carried out at will by means of the switching interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Thus, for example, the first phase 20 may be present at the interface 12 of the fourth interrupt unit 5, the second phase 21 may be present at the interface 12 of the fifth interrupt unit 6, and the third phase 22 may be present at the interface 12 of the sixth interrupt unit 7. In the event of a desired change of the phases associated with the consumers, the consumers and the phases 20, 21, 22 on the interface 12 of the interruption units 2, 3, 4 can be disconnected from the distributor by the interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and the distributor 9 can establish a new circuit connection without current.
After a controlled new circuit connection, for example by means of the distributor 9, for example after switching from the connection of the arms of the interruption units 2 and 5 to the connection of the arms of the interruption units 3 and 5, the interruption units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 can be switched on again. The phase 20 is no longer present, for example, on the load on the arm of the interruption unit 2, but is connected to the load on the arm of the interruption unit 3. Any combination of phases 20, 21, 22 with consumers or, for example, different current generators, for example, connected to the legs of the interrupt units 5, 6, 7, and consumers, for example, connected to the legs of the interrupt units 2, 3, 4, can be implemented analogously. Other combinations and connection variants are also possible, for example a current generator connected to one arm and 5 different consumers connected to the other arm. A further example is that an electrical load is connected to one arm and 5 different current generators are connected to the other arm, wherein the electrical load can be supplied with energy from the different current generators at different times depending on the current generation location, for example by means of a gas turbine, a thermal power plant, a solar power plant and/or a wind power plant.
The previously described embodiments may be combined with each other and/or with prior art. Thus, the outdoor switching device 1 according to the invention may for example comprise two, three, four, five, six or more arms with and/or without interruption units. The arm may not comprise, comprise one or more interruption units, in particular two or more interruption units connected in series and/or in parallel, in order to be able to switch high currents and/or voltages. The carrier 8 may comprise one support insulator 10 or a plurality of support insulators 10, in particular flange-connected support insulators 10, in each distributor 9. The outdoor switching device 1 may comprise three shafts 17, 18, 19, each having two legs, in particular with an angle α of 45 degrees between adjacent legs on one side. Alternatively, however, the outdoor switchgear 1 may also comprise only two or more arms in two or more axes, i.e. it is arranged on a common carrier 8.
The same angle α between adjacent arms on one side can be used here, for example an angle α of 90 degrees between adjacent arms on one side in a cross shape, seen in top view, or an angle α of less than 45 degrees between adjacent arms on one side, seen in top view, in a star shape with more than three arms. Alternatively, a different angle α between adjacent arms on one side may be used. The arms may be arranged in a plane parallel to the base or at an angle relative to a horizontal plane, in particular all arms are arranged at the same angle or at different angles. Adjacent arms may all have the same pitch as each other in the vertical direction, or different pitches. Alternatively, the arms may also all be arranged in one plane, in particular in a plane substantially parallel to the base.
The drive 14 can be arranged laterally on the carrier 8, in particular a cylindrical carrier. Alternatively, the drive may be located on the longitudinal axis of the carrier 8, for example above or below the base housing 13. One or more, in particular different types of drives, for example spring-loaded drives and/or electric motors, can be included, which are in particular arranged directly on the interruption unit or in the distributor. The support frame of the phase can be T-shaped, or for example Y-shaped, or have another shape. The carrier support may be formed from one or more T-shaped or H-shaped carriers, or have other shapes. The carrier 8 can be cylindrical, in particular with a cylindrical region. Alternatively or additionally, the carrier may have another shape, for example a square-shaped area and/or a square-shaped configuration. The carrier may comprise, in addition to the supporting insulator, a carrier bracket and a basic housing. Alternatively, the support insulator can be used as a carrier bracket and/or a base housing, which is in particular fixed directly at or on the base.
Different materials may be used. The support insulator and/or the insulator housing may in particular consist of or comprise silicone, ceramic and/or composite materials, for example. Ribs, in particular annular ribs, can be formed on the outer surface in order to achieve good electrical insulation along the longitudinal axis. The insulator may be filled with a switching and/or insulating gas, e.g. clean air and/or SF 6 Or include switches and/or insulating gases. The load carrier and/or the base housing and the components and/or the drive of the kinematic chain can be made of metal, for example sheet metal and/or steel, or of an insulating material, for example plastic, GFK (glass fiber reinforced plastic), and/or comprise other materials.
List of reference numerals
1 outdoor switch device
2 first interrupt Unit
3 second interrupt Unit
4 third interrupt Unit
5 fourth interrupt Unit
6 fifth interrupt Unit
7 sixth interrupt Unit
8 vectors
9 distributor/steering gear
10 support insulator
11 Flange
12 electrical interface
13 basic shell
14 driver
15 bearing support
16 kinematic chain
17 first shaft
18 second axis
19 third shaft
20 first phase
21 second phase
22 third phase
Claims (24)
1. Outdoor switching device (1) for switching high voltages of a plurality of phases (20, 21, 22), having at least two interruption units (2, 3, 4) which are each assigned to a different phase (20, 21, 22), characterized in that the interruption units (2, 3, 4) are arranged on a common carrier (8), wherein at least two interruption units (2, 3, 4) which are each assigned to a different phase (20, 21, 22) are arranged on different longitudinal axes (17, 18, 19),
and wherein the interruption units (2, 3, 4) are arranged in different heights with their longitudinal axes parallel to a horizontal plane,
wherein the different longitudinal axes (17, 18, 19) are arranged at an angle alpha different from 0 to each other,
wherein the different longitudinal axes (17, 18, 19) intersect at a point.
2. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the interruption unit (2, 3, 4) comprises a vacuum tube with rated and main arcing contacts and/or a gas-filled power switch.
3. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that one, two or more interruption units (2, 3, 4) are included in each phase.
4. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the common carrier (8) is constructed in the form of a column.
5. An outdoor switchgear (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the common carrier (8) has one supporting insulator (10) or a plurality of supporting insulators (10), wherein the supporting insulator (10) comprises silicone and/or ceramic, and/or that the carrier (8) comprises a basic housing (13) consisting of metal, and/or that the carrier (8) comprises a carrying bracket (15) consisting of metal.
6. An outdoor switchgear (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the interruption units (2, 3, 4) are each arranged in an insulator housing which is fixed directly on a common carrier (8) or indirectly on a common carrier (8) via a distributor (9) with mechanical steering gear.
7. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the common carrier (8) and the interruption units (2, 3, 4) arranged thereon have a T-shaped structure in each phase (20, 21, 22), which T-shaped structure has at least two arms each, which arms have an electrical interface (12) on the free end for connecting a current generator and/or a consumer and/or a power grid, respectively.
8. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the arm is connected with a carrier (8) and/or that the electrical interface (12) of the arm is differently electrically connected by means of a distributor (9).
9. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the outdoor switching device (1) comprises at least one actuator (14) which is arranged laterally on a carrier (8).
10. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the outdoor switching device (1) comprises elements of a kinematic chain (16) for transmitting the driving movement of the driver (14) to the interruption unit (2, 3, 4) for switching the interruption unit (2, 3, 4).
11. An outdoor switchgear (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the supporting insulator (10) is filled with an insulating gas having a pressure in the range of the ambient pressure of the outdoor switchgear (1).
12. An outdoor switchgear (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the insulator housing is filled with an insulating gas having a pressure in the range of the ambient pressure of the outdoor switchgear (1).
13. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that two or more interruption units (2, 3, 4) are included in each phase, which interruption units are connected in series and/or arranged on a common longitudinal axis (17, 18, 19) of each phase.
14. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the common carrier (8) is constructed in the form of exactly one column.
15. An outdoor switchgear (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the common carrier (8) has a plurality of flange-connected support insulators (10).
16. An outdoor switchgear (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the common carrier (8) has one supporting insulator (10) or a plurality of supporting insulators (10), wherein the supporting insulator (10) comprises a composite material.
17. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least two arms are arranged on a common axis.
18. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the element of the kinematic chain (16) is a steering gear and/or a switch lever.
19. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that all interruption units of one phase (20, 21, 22) and/or thereby all interruption units of all phases (20, 21, 22) are switched simultaneously.
20. An outdoor switchgear device (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that said insulating gas is SF 6 And/or clean air.
21. An outdoor switching device (1) according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the common carrier (8) is arranged on the base vertically upright.
22. A method for switching an outdoor switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that different phases (20, 21, 22) of the high voltage are switched with at least one interruption unit (2, 3, 4), respectively, wherein the arms on a common cylindrical carrier (8) comprise all interruption units (2, 3, 4).
23. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that the interruption units are switched by a common drive (14) and/or an element of a kinematic chain (16).
24. Method according to claim 23, characterized in that the interruption unit is switched simultaneously with different predeterminable and/or adjustable or controllable circuit connections of different arms.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017216272.4A DE102017216272A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2017-09-14 | Outdoor switching device and method for switching high voltages of several phases |
| DE102017216272.4 | 2017-09-14 | ||
| PCT/EP2018/072389 WO2019052775A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2018-08-20 | Outdoor switching device, and method for switching high voltages of multiple phases |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111108574A CN111108574A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
| CN111108574B true CN111108574B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
Family
ID=63405189
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880059261.7A Active CN111108574B (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2018-08-20 | Outdoor switching device and method for switching high voltages of multiple phases |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3655980A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN111108574B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102017216272A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019052775A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1013971A (en) * | 1961-01-05 | 1965-12-22 | English Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to electric circuit-breakers |
| DE1907869U (en) * | 1964-09-04 | 1965-01-07 | Licentia Gmbh | PRESSURE GAS SWITCH WITH MULTIPLE INTERRUPTION. |
| FR1569697A (en) * | 1967-03-01 | 1969-06-06 | ||
| DE1995069U (en) * | 1968-07-25 | 1968-10-24 | Siemens Ag | THREE-POLE CIRCUIT BREAKER. |
| NL160973C (en) * | 1976-07-23 | 1979-12-17 | Coq Bv | MULTI-PHASE DISCONNECTING SWITCH. |
| DE3732004A1 (en) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-04-06 | Asea Brown Boveri | HIGH VOLTAGE DISCONNECTOR |
| DE19608285A1 (en) | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-28 | Siemens Ag | High voltage outdoor switch |
| ES2320721T3 (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2009-05-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | HIGH VOLTAGE MULTIPHASIC ENCAPSULATED INTERMEDIATE SWITCH DEVICE. |
| JP4521110B2 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2010-08-11 | 株式会社東芝 | Combined gas insulated switchgear |
| DE10325683B3 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2004-12-09 | Siemens Ag | Disconnecting switch arrangement |
| CN2631026Y (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2004-08-04 | 北京电研华源电力技术有限公司 | Outdoor high-voltage vacuum load switch |
| DE102004042310A1 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-02 | Siemens Ag | High voltage switch arrangement |
| CN101577401A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-11-11 | 维依埃龙源电工研究院有限公司 | Common tank type gas-insulated transmission line |
| DE102009018170A1 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-12-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Multiphase switching device arrangement |
| DE102016202853A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | High-voltage circuit breaker with an arrangement and method for supplying power to the circuit breaker |
-
2017
- 2017-09-14 DE DE102017216272.4A patent/DE102017216272A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-08-20 CN CN201880059261.7A patent/CN111108574B/en active Active
- 2018-08-20 EP EP18759902.2A patent/EP3655980A1/en active Pending
- 2018-08-20 WO PCT/EP2018/072389 patent/WO2019052775A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102017216272A1 (en) | 2019-03-14 |
| EP3655980A1 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
| CN111108574A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
| WO2019052775A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
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