CN111106439B - Base station antenna and dual-polarized antenna oscillator thereof - Google Patents
Base station antenna and dual-polarized antenna oscillator thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111106439B CN111106439B CN202010119824.6A CN202010119824A CN111106439B CN 111106439 B CN111106439 B CN 111106439B CN 202010119824 A CN202010119824 A CN 202010119824A CN 111106439 B CN111106439 B CN 111106439B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
Abstract
The invention relates to a base station antenna and a dual-polarized antenna oscillator thereof, wherein each oscillator unit is provided with a main polarized radiation arm and an auxiliary radiation arm, so that current flows along the main polarized radiation arm and the auxiliary radiation arm in an extending way, thereby prolonging a current path and standardizing the current path. Further, since the main polarized radiating arm extends in the polarization direction, the current path on the radiating patch will also largely coincide with the polarization direction of the oscillator unit. The area integral of the current in the same direction as the polarization direction determines the magnitude of the excitation field strength. The integral area of the current in the dual-polarization direction of the antenna element is obviously increased, so that the gain is improved. In addition, due to the fact that the current paths in the dual-polarization direction are increased and the current paths perpendicular to the polarization direction are relatively reduced, the induced cross-polarization current is small, and therefore isolation is effectively improved. Therefore, the radiation index of the base station antenna and the dual-polarized antenna element thereof is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a base station antenna and a dual-polarized antenna oscillator thereof.
Background
With the promotion of 5G network planning worldwide, the research and development of new frequency band base station antennas are being carried out on a large scale. As the demand for the improvement of operating frequency and the miniaturization of base station antennas has become more and more widespread, the miniaturization of antenna elements and the reduction of element pitches have become necessary means for achieving the object. However, the problems that follow also occur. For example, antenna element shrinkage results in reduced gain; the reduction of the distance between the oscillators causes the deterioration of the isolation and coupling between the oscillators. Therefore, the radiation index of the base station antenna is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a base station antenna capable of improving a radiation index and a dual-polarized antenna element thereof, aiming at the problem that the radiation index of the antenna is poor due to the existing antenna element.
The utility model provides a dual polarization antenna element, includes the radiation piece, be formed with the oscillator unit of two sets of polarization direction orthorhombic on the radiation piece and be every respectively the feed point of oscillator unit feed, the local fretwork of radiation piece, so that every the oscillator unit forms a plurality of main polarization radiating arms and connects adjacent two the auxiliary radiation arm of main polarization radiating arm, a plurality of main polarization radiating arms all follow and correspond the polarization direction of oscillator unit extends.
In one embodiment, the auxiliary radiating arm is arranged obliquely relative to the main polarized radiating arm in the same oscillator unit.
In one embodiment, in the same oscillator unit, the sum of the lengths of the auxiliary radiation arms is smaller than the sum of the lengths of the main polarization radiation arms.
In one embodiment, each of the element units is an axisymmetric structure, and a symmetry axis extends along a polarization direction of the corresponding element unit and passes through the feeding point.
In one embodiment, the radiation sheet is an all-metal structure.
In one embodiment, the antenna further comprises a metal feeding column arranged at the feeding point, and the metal feeding column and the radiating sheet are integrally formed.
In one embodiment, a receiving space is formed by surrounding part of the main polarized radiating arms, and the rest of the main polarized radiating arms are located in the receiving space.
In one embodiment, the main polarized radiation arms include a first main polarized radiation arm, a second main polarized radiation arm, a third main polarized radiation arm, a fourth main polarized radiation arm, a fifth main polarized radiation arm, a sixth main polarized radiation arm, a seventh main polarized radiation arm, and an eighth main polarized radiation arm, which are sequentially connected by the feeding point, the first main polarized radiation arm and the seventh main polarized radiation arm are arranged in parallel with the eighth main polarized radiation arm at an interval to form the receiving space, and the second main polarized radiation arm, the third main polarized radiation arm, the fourth main polarized radiation arm, the fifth main polarized radiation arm, and the sixth main polarized radiation arm are located in the receiving space.
In one embodiment, an end of the eighth main polarized radiating arm far from the seventh main polarized radiating arm is connected to an end of the eighth main polarized radiating arm far from the seventh main polarized radiating arm in the adjacent oscillator unit.
A base station antenna comprising a plurality of dual polarized antenna elements as described in any of the above preferred embodiments.
According to the base station antenna and the dual-polarized antenna oscillator thereof, as each oscillator unit is provided with the main polarized radiation arm and the auxiliary radiation arm, current flows along the main polarized radiation arm and the auxiliary radiation arm in an extending manner, so that a current path is prolonged and standardized. Further, since the main polarized radiating arm extends in the polarization direction, the current path on the radiating patch will also largely coincide with the polarization direction of the oscillator unit. The area integral of the current in the same direction as the polarization direction determines the magnitude of the excitation field strength. The integral area of the current in the dual-polarization direction of the antenna element is obviously increased, so that the gain is improved. In addition, due to the fact that the current paths in the dual-polarization direction are increased and the current paths perpendicular to the polarization direction are relatively reduced, the induced cross-polarization current is small, and therefore isolation is effectively improved. Therefore, the radiation index of the base station antenna and the dual-polarized antenna element thereof is obviously improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized antenna element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the dual polarized antenna element of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a base station antenna and a dual-polarized antenna element 100. Wherein the base station antenna comprises a dual polarized antenna element 100. The dual-polarized antenna elements 100 may be arranged in an antenna array according to a predetermined rule to meet the signal transceiving requirement.
Dual polarized antenna element 100 comprises a radiating patch 110. The radiation patch 110 is a main body for receiving and transmitting signals, and is in a sheet shape, so that the dual-polarized antenna element 100 is in a patch shape, thereby being beneficial to realizing the miniaturization of the base station antenna. Two sets of dipole elements 111 with orthogonal polarization directions and feeding points 113 for feeding power to each dipole element 111 are formed on the radiation sheet 110.
Specifically, the number of the transducer units 111 is 4, and the 4 transducer units 111 are distributed in a cross shape. The two transducer elements 111 at the opposite corners have the same polarization direction, thereby forming the same set of transducer elements 111. The two sets of transducer elements 111 have mutually perpendicular polarization directions. Correspondingly, the radiation patch 110 has 4 feeding points 113 for feeding 4 element units 111. For the same group of element units 111, current flows in from one of the feeding points 113 and flows out from the other feeding point 113.
The outer contour of the radiation patch 110 may be circular, rectangular or other shapes, and is generally an axisymmetric structure. The radiation plate 110 may be formed of a metal material such as copper, aluminum, etc., or may be a composite structure in which a PCB is used as a substrate. In the present embodiment, the radiation plate 110 is an all-metal structure.
Specifically, the all-metal structure means that the radiation sheet 110 is made of the same metal, and the radiation sheet 110 may be integrally formed by a metal plate, an engraving, a reverse mold, or the like, so as to obtain the all-metal structure. On one hand, the forming process can be simplified, the cost is reduced, and the reliability of the radiation sheet 110 is higher; on the other hand, the radiation sheet 110 with an all-metal structure has a uniform texture, so that the problem of unstable intermodulation caused by the non-uniformity of the dielectric substrate can be solved.
Further, in this embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna element 100 further includes a metal feeding post 120 disposed at the feeding point 113, and the metal feeding post 120 and the radiation plate 110 are integrally formed.
Specifically, the number of the metal feeding posts 120 is also 4. The metal feeding post 120 may directly feed the corresponding vibrator unit 111. Two metal feeding columns 120 corresponding to the same group of oscillator units 111 can be respectively connected to a one-to-two power divider, so as to achieve dual-polarization backfeed effect. The rf energy is conducted by the metal feed post 120 directly to the radiating patch 110 to achieve electromagnetic energy radiation.
While feeding is achieved, the metal feeding column 120 can also serve as a support to support the whole radiation patch 110. In addition, the metal feeding post 120 and the radiation plate 110 can be formed at one time through mold opening processing, thereby being beneficial to reducing the cost. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the element unit 111 may also be fed by feeding a balun.
The radiation patch 110 is partially hollow, so that each element unit 111 forms a plurality of main polarized radiation arms 1112 and an auxiliary radiation arm 1114 connecting two adjacent main polarized radiation arms 1112. Each of the plurality of main polarization radiation arms 1112 extends in the polarization direction of the corresponding element unit 111.
The radiation sheet 110 with the main polarized radiation arm 1112 and the auxiliary radiation arm 1114 can be obtained by etching and laser etching the entire metal structure to form a hollow area. In addition, the radiation sheet 110 with the main polarized radiation arm 1112 and the auxiliary radiation arm 1114 can be directly formed by designing a corresponding mold and by reverse molding.
The main polarized radiation arm 1112 is elongated and the auxiliary radiation arm 1114 is generally much shorter than the main polarized radiation arm 1112. The plurality of main polarized radiating arms 1112 are parallel to each other, and may be connected in series or a plurality thereof may be connected in parallel. The main polarized radiating arm 1112 and the auxiliary radiating arm 1114 are communicated to form a current propagation path. Therefore, the current flow direction on the radiation patch 110 will not be randomly distributed, but will be limited by the structure of the radiation patch 110. Specifically, the current will flow in the direction in which the main polarized radiating arm 1112 extends, and will flow through the plurality of main polarized radiating arms 1112 in sequence. Therefore, the current path is effectively lengthened.
Further, since the main polarized radiation arm 1112 extends in the polarization direction, the current flow direction in the radiation patch 110 is as uniform as possible as the polarization direction of the element unit 111. According to an integral equation far-field radiation formula, the surface integral of the current in the same direction with the polarization direction determines the magnitude of the excitation field strength. Since the integral area of the current in the dual polarization direction of the antenna element 100 is significantly increased, the gain thereof is significantly increased.
In the present embodiment, in the same element unit 111, the auxiliary radiation arm 1114 is disposed obliquely to the main polarization radiation arm 1112. When a current flows in the transducer element 111, the current also flows through the auxiliary radiating arm 1114. The auxiliary radiating arm 1114 is tilted with respect to the main polarized radiating arm 1112, indicating that the auxiliary radiating arm 1114 is not perpendicular to the polarization direction. Therefore, the current flowing through the auxiliary radiating arm 1114 also has a component in the polarization direction, so that the integral area of the current in the same direction as the polarization direction is further increased, and the gain of the antenna element 100 can be further improved.
In addition, due to the fact that the current paths in the dual-polarization direction are increased and the current paths perpendicular to the polarization direction are relatively reduced, the induced cross-polarization current is small, and therefore isolation is effectively improved.
In the present embodiment, in the same transducer element 111, the sum of the lengths of the auxiliary radiation arms 1114 is smaller than the sum of the lengths of the plurality of main polarized radiation arms 1112.
Specifically, the distance between adjacent main polarized radiation arms 1112 is small, so the length of the auxiliary radiation arm 1114 is much smaller than the length of the main polarized radiation arms 1112. In general, the auxiliary radiating arm 1114 can be considered as a convex portion of the side of the main polarization radiating arm 1112, with an even negligible length. Therefore, in the direction perpendicular to the polarization direction, the current distribution is less, thereby further reducing the integral area of the current in this direction to further improve the isolation of the antenna element 100.
In the present embodiment, each element unit 111 is an axisymmetric structure, and the symmetry axis extends along the polarization direction of the corresponding element unit 111 and passes through the feeding point 113. Therefore, after entering the element unit 111 from the feeding point 113, the current is transmitted to two symmetrical portions at the same time, so that a symmetrical radiation pattern and radiation field can be obtained, which is further beneficial to improving the gain and other radiation indexes of the antenna element 100.
In the present embodiment, a part of the main polarized radiation arms 1112 forms a receiving space around the main polarized radiation arms 1112, and the rest of the main polarized radiation arms 1112 are located in the receiving space.
Specifically, the main polarized radiation arms 1112 and the auxiliary radiation arms 1114 can be regarded as a strip-shaped metal structure which is bent for multiple times to form a nested structure. At this point, there is an overlap of at least a portion of main polarized radiating arms 1112 in the polarization direction. Therefore, the length of the main polarized radiation arm 1112 is longer per unit area, which is advantageous for downsizing the antenna element 100 and the base station antenna.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the main polarized radiation arm 1112 includes a first main polarized radiation arm a, a second main polarized radiation arm b, a third main polarized radiation arm c, a fourth main polarized radiation arm d, a fifth main polarized radiation arm e, a sixth main polarized radiation arm f, a seventh main polarized radiation arm g, and an eighth main polarized radiation arm h that are sequentially connected by the feeding point 113, the first main polarized radiation arm a, the seventh main polarized radiation arm g, and the eighth main polarized radiation arm h are arranged in parallel and at an interval to form an accommodation space, and the second main polarized radiation arm b, the third main polarized radiation arm c, the fourth main polarized radiation arm d, the fifth main polarized radiation arm e, and the sixth main polarized radiation arm f are located in the accommodation space.
In this embodiment, the number of the first main polarized radiation arm a, the second main polarized radiation arm b, the third main polarized radiation arm c, the fourth main polarized radiation arm d, the fifth main polarized radiation arm e, the sixth main polarized radiation arm f, the seventh main polarized radiation arm g, and the eighth main polarized radiation arm h is two, and two symmetrical portions are respectively formed, and a hollow area exists between the two symmetrical portions. In each part, a first main polarized radiation arm a, a second main polarized radiation arm b, a third main polarized radiation arm c, a fourth main polarized radiation arm d, a fifth main polarized radiation arm e, a sixth main polarized radiation arm f, a seventh main polarized radiation arm g and an eighth main polarized radiation arm h are sequentially connected in series.
Specifically, the first main polarized radiating arm a and the second main polarized radiating arm b are on the same straight line and located at the innermost side of the oscillator unit 111, and the eighth main polarized radiating arm h is spaced from the first main polarized radiating arm a and the second main polarized radiating arm and located at the outermost side of the oscillator unit 111. The second main polarized radiating arm b, the third main polarized radiating arm c, the fourth main polarized radiating arm d, the fifth main polarized radiating arm e and the sixth main polarized radiating arm f are matched with 5 auxiliary radiating arms 1114, and are arranged in a cross shape in the accommodating space.
Note that the above shows only one form of the vibrator unit 111. In other embodiments, the number, length and position relationship of the main polarized radiation arms 1112 can be designed according to requirements.
Further, in the present embodiment, an end of the eighth main polarized radiation arm h away from the seventh main polarized radiation arm g is connected to an end of the eighth main polarized radiation arm h away from the seventh main polarized radiation arm g in the adjacent oscillator unit 111.
Specifically, the adjacent transducer elements 111 are electrically connected by the eighth main polarized radiation arm h. After the current flows into the element unit 111 through the feeding point 113, the current sequentially flows through the first main polarized radiation arm a to the eight main polarized radiation arms h, and then enters the adjacent element unit 111. Therefore, the current path in the element unit 111 will be as long as possible, which is beneficial to increase the gain of the antenna element 100.
In the base station antenna and the dual-polarized antenna element 100 thereof, since each element unit 111 is formed with the main polarized radiation arm 1112 and the auxiliary radiation arm 1114, the current will extend along the main polarized radiation arm 1112 and the auxiliary radiation arm 1114, so as to extend the current path and regulate the current path. Further, since the main polarized radiation arm 1112 extends in the polarization direction, the current path on the radiation patch 110 will also largely coincide with the polarization direction of the element unit 111. The area integral of the current in the same direction as the polarization direction determines the magnitude of the excitation field strength. Since the integral area of the current in the dual polarization direction of the antenna element 100 is significantly increased, the gain is increased. In addition, due to the fact that the current paths in the dual-polarization direction are increased and the current paths perpendicular to the polarization direction are relatively reduced, the induced cross-polarization current is small, and therefore isolation is effectively improved. Therefore, the radiation index of the base station antenna and the dual-polarized antenna element 100 thereof is significantly improved.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A dual-polarized antenna oscillator comprises a radiation piece, wherein two groups of oscillator units with orthogonal polarization directions and feed points for feeding each oscillator unit are formed on the radiation piece, and the dual-polarized antenna is characterized in that the radiation piece is partially hollow, so that each oscillator unit forms a plurality of main polarization radiation arms and auxiliary radiation arms connected with two adjacent main polarization radiation arms, and the main polarization radiation arms extend along the polarization directions of the corresponding oscillator units;
and part of the main polarized radiation arms surround to form an accommodating space, and the rest of the main polarized radiation arms are positioned in the accommodating space.
2. A dual polarized antenna element according to claim 1, wherein said auxiliary radiating arm is disposed obliquely with respect to said main polarized radiating arm in the same element unit.
3. The dual polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein the sum of the lengths of said auxiliary radiating arms is less than the sum of the lengths of said plurality of main polarized radiating arms in the same element unit.
4. The dual polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein each of said element units is of an axisymmetric structure, the axis of symmetry extending in the polarization direction of the corresponding element unit and passing through said feed point.
5. The dual polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein the radiating patch is an all metal structure.
6. The dual polarized antenna element of claim 5, further comprising a metal feed post disposed at the feed point, wherein the metal feed post is integrally formed with the radiating patch.
7. The dual polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein the main polarized radiating arms comprise a first main polarized radiating arm, a second main polarized radiating arm, a third main polarized radiating arm, a fourth main polarized radiating arm, a fifth main polarized radiating arm, a sixth main polarized radiating arm, a seventh main polarized radiating arm, and an eighth main polarized radiating arm sequentially connected by the feeding point, the first main polarized radiating arm and the seventh main polarized radiating arm are parallel to the eighth main polarized radiating arm and are spaced apart from the eighth main polarized radiating arm to form the receiving space, and the second main polarized radiating arm, the third main polarized radiating arm, the fourth main polarized radiating arm, the fifth main polarized radiating arm, and the sixth main polarized radiating arm are located in the receiving space.
8. The element of claim 7, wherein an end of the eighth main polarized radiating arm away from the seventh main polarized radiating arm is connected to an end of the eighth main polarized radiating arm away from the seventh main polarized radiating arm in an adjacent element unit.
9. A base station antenna comprising a plurality of dual polarized antenna elements according to any of claims 1 to 8.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2019104692790 | 2019-05-31 | ||
| CN201910469279.0A CN110098478A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Antenna for base station and its dual-polarized antenna vibrator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111106439A CN111106439A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
| CN111106439B true CN111106439B (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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| CN201910469279.0A Withdrawn CN110098478A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Antenna for base station and its dual-polarized antenna vibrator |
| CN202010119824.6A Active CN111106439B (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2020-02-26 | Base station antenna and dual-polarized antenna oscillator thereof |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910469279.0A Withdrawn CN110098478A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Antenna for base station and its dual-polarized antenna vibrator |
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| CN109473766A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-15 | 吉林医药学院 | Wireless broadband circle polarized implanted antenna of the biologic medical equipment based on graphene |
| CN208862156U (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-05-14 | 华南理工大学 | Wideband dual polarized base station filter antenna unit and its array without additional filter circuit |
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- 2019-05-31 CN CN201910469279.0A patent/CN110098478A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110098478A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
| CN111106439A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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