CN111103651A - Optical fiber and method of forming the same - Google Patents
Optical fiber and method of forming the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111103651A CN111103651A CN201911369020.5A CN201911369020A CN111103651A CN 111103651 A CN111103651 A CN 111103651A CN 201911369020 A CN201911369020 A CN 201911369020A CN 111103651 A CN111103651 A CN 111103651A
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- optical fiber
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02033—Core or cladding made from organic material, e.g. polymeric material
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber and a molding method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: melting the optical fiber preform at a high temperature of more than 2000 ℃, and drawing the optical fiber preform into a filament; cooling the filaments to a temperature of 45-55 ℃; coating the surface of the cooled filament by adopting acrylic resin or organic silicon resin, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain a primary coated filament; and coating the surface of the primary coating fibril by using organic silicon resin, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain the optical fiber. The invention adopts acrylic resin (or organic silicon resin) and organic silicon resin to carry out double-layer coating, the diameter of the optical fiber reaches 245 mu m, the optical fiber can be used for a long time at the temperature of 200 ℃, and the performance is stable; can be used for at least 7 days in 250 deg.C environment for a short period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fibers, in particular to an optical fiber and a forming method thereof.
Background
With the expansion of the application environment of the optical fiber cable, the ordinary optical fiber which can resist the temperature of 85 ℃ cannot be used in special environments such as aerospace, wind power, petroleum and natural gas and high-temperature industrial steam pipeline detection. The optical fiber still needs to maintain good transmission characteristics in a severe environment, and higher requirements are put on the optical performance, mechanical performance and reliability of the optical fiber. The service temperature of the optical fiber is directly determined by the coating material, and at present, the coating material of the high-temperature resistant optical fiber mainly comprises four materials: high temperature resistant acrylic resin, organic silica gel, polyimide and metal. The temperature resistance grade of the optical fiber with the metal coating can reach 400 ℃, but manufacturers have few and basically no commercial application; the polyimide optical fiber has the best temperature resistance level in the organic coating, but the production process is relatively complex, the drawing speed is slow at 2m/min-20m/min, the production efficiency is low, and the optical fiber serving as the coating has high attenuation due to the large modulus of the polyimide.
Optical fibers with the temperature resistance level of 200 ℃ are rarely introduced, and the prior art has the problems that the curing mode of the optical fiber coating with the temperature resistance of 200 ℃ is thermal curing and Ultraviolet (UV) curing, the thermal curing speed is low, and the large-scale production is difficult to realize; the ultraviolet curing efficiency is high, but the subsequent heat treatment and the tight packing are carried out, so the process is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved method of making an optical fiber.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method of forming an optical fiber comprising the steps of:
melting the optical fiber preform at a high temperature of more than 2000 ℃, and drawing the optical fiber preform into a filament;
cooling the filaments to a temperature of 45-55 ℃;
coating the surface of the cooled filament by adopting acrylic resin or organic silicon resin, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain a primary coated filament;
and coating the surface of the primary coating fibril by using organic silicon resin, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain the optical fiber.
Further, the viscosity of the acrylic resin is 2000-5000 cps.
Further, the viscosity of the silicone resin is 3000-8000 cps.
Further, the drawing speed in the drawing and drawing process is 200-500 m/min.
Further, the ultraviolet curing is to initiate resin polymerization by ultraviolet light to form an insoluble and infusible solid coating film on the optical fiber, and the duration of the ultraviolet curing is 0.2 to 0.6 s.
Further, the outer diameter of the optical fiber preform is 40-200 mm.
Further, after the drawing and drawing step and before the cooling step, the wire diameter of the wire is measured to reach a preset wire diameter.
Furthermore, the optical fiber is wound on the optical fiber disc by adopting an automatic take-up device after being molded.
The invention also provides an optical fiber which is obtained by adopting the optical fiber forming method and sequentially comprises a core layer, a cladding layer, an inner coating and an organic silicon outer coating from the core to the outside, wherein the inner coating comprises an acrylic acid inner coating or an organic silicon inner coating.
Further, the optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber or a multimode optical fiber.
Further, the optical fiber can be used for a long time at 200 ℃, or used for at least 7 days at 250 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts acrylic resin (or organic silicon resin) and organic silicon resin to carry out double-layer coating, the diameter of the optical fiber reaches 245 mu m, the optical fiber can be used for a long time at 200 ℃, and the performance is stable; can be used for at least 7 days in a 250 ℃ environment for a short time; the method has simple and efficient process, the manufactured temperature-resistant optical fiber has the screening strength of 100kpsi or 200kpsi, the coating is uniform, the length of the section can exceed 50km, the method is suitable for long-distance use, and the fatigue value Nd of the optical fiber is more than 20.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the preparation of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
Cladding 102
Silicone overcoat 104
The following detailed description further illustrates embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of embodiments of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. In addition, the features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of embodiments of the invention, rather than a complete embodiment. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Herein "segment length": the length of the entire fiber.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of the present invention belong. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for forming an optical fiber includes the following steps:
step S1: the optical fiber preform is melted at the high temperature of 2000-2200 ℃, drawn and drawn into a filament.
In a specific embodiment, the drawing speed in the drawing and drawing process is 200-500 m/min. The drawing speed is lower than 200m/min, which on the one hand results in slow production; on the other hand, the diameter of the optical fiber cladding is not easy to control and stabilize, thereby affecting the optical performance. When the drawing speed is higher than 500m/min, the curing time is short, but the curing effect is poor, the uniformity of the optical fiber coating is difficult to control, the appearance of the optical fiber is poor, and the performance of the optical fiber is adversely affected. The outer diameter of the optical fiber preform is 40-200 mm.
Step S2: the temperature of the wire was cooled to 45-55 ℃.
Step S3: and coating the surface of the cooled filament by using acrylic resin or organic silicon resin, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain the primary coated filament.
In a specific embodiment, the acrylic resin has a viscosity of 2000-5000cps and the silicone resin has a viscosity of 3000-8000 cps. The ultraviolet curing is to adopt ultraviolet light to initiate resin polymerization to form an insoluble and infusible solid coating on the optical fiber, and the duration of the ultraviolet curing is 0.2 to 0.6 s. The optical fiber is sticky due to over-short ultraviolet curing time and insufficient curing, and is easy to break in the traction moving process; the ultraviolet curing time is too long, the curing is excessive, the optical fiber is hard, and the optical fiber attenuation is large.
Step S4: and coating the surface of the primary coating fibril by using organic silicon resin, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain the optical fiber.
In a specific embodiment, the silicone resin has a viscosity of 3000-8000 cps. The ultraviolet curing is to adopt ultraviolet light to initiate resin polymerization to form an insoluble and infusible solid coating on the optical fiber, and the duration of the ultraviolet curing is 0.2 to 0.6 s. The optical fiber is sticky due to over-short ultraviolet curing time and insufficient curing, and is easy to break in the traction moving process; the ultraviolet curing time is too long, the curing is excessive, the optical fiber is hard, and the optical fiber attenuation is large.
The viscosity of the acrylic resin or the organic silicon resin is not suitable to be too low, so that the coating material can be sagging, and the curing effect is not good; of course, it is not preferable to use a large amount of the above-mentioned composition, which has a high viscosity and a poor fluidity, and thus requires a heating treatment, and in practice, the heating temperature is not preferable to be too high, and if the composition is applied at a high viscosity, the adhesion is not good, the curing time is long, and internal stress is likely to occur after curing, which is disadvantageous to the performance of the optical fiber, such as deterioration of attenuation characteristics.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
step S12: after the drawing and drawing step S1 and before the cooling step S2, the wire diameter of the wire is measured to reach a preset wire diameter.
Step S5: and the optical fiber is wound on the optical fiber disc by adopting an automatic take-up device after being molded.
The optical fiber obtained by the above molding method comprises a core layer 101, a cladding layer 102, an inner coating layer 103 and an outer silicone coating layer 104 in sequence from the core to the outside, wherein the inner coating layer 103 comprises an acrylic inner coating layer or an inner silicone coating layer. The optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber or a multimode optical fiber, as shown in fig. 2. The optical fiber can be used for a long time at 200 ℃, or used for at least 7 days at 250 ℃. Compared with the existing organic silica gel coated optical fiber, the invention has the advantages of higher production cost, lower efficiency and requirement of later-stage coating heat treatment, the invention obtains the optical fiber with the temperature of 200-plus-energy 250 ℃ resistance by controlling the viscosity of the sequentially coated coating and matching the secondary coating with the ultraviolet curing, and has simple and efficient preparation process, low attenuation of the optical fiber and good mechanical property.
The following examples illustrate the fiber preparation process and the properties of the finished product of the present invention in detail.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the quartz optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber, the structure is 9/125 μm, the inner coating is a high-temperature-resistant acrylic resin coating (coating viscosity 2000-5000 cps), the outer coating is an organic silicon resin coating (coating viscosity 3000-. The diameter of the inner coating of the optical fiber is 210 mu m, the diameter of the outer coating is 243 mu m, the attenuation of the optical fiber at 1310nm is 0.34dB/km, the attenuation at 1550nm is 0.23dB/km, the screening strength of the optical fiber is 200kpsi, the segment length is more than 50km, and Nd is 22; the additional attenuation value of the optical fiber is less than 0.04dB/km under the environment of 200 ℃; the optical fiber is placed in an environment at 250 ℃ for 7 days, and the additional attenuation value of the optical fiber is less than 0.05 dB/km.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the quartz optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber, the structure is 50/125 μm or 62.5/125 μm, the inner coating is a high-temperature-resistant acrylic resin coating, the outer coating is a silicone resin coating, and the inner coating and the outer coating can be cured by ultraviolet irradiation. The diameter of the inner coating of the optical fiber is 210 mu m, the diameter of the outer coating is 243 mu m, the attenuation of the optical fiber at 850nm is 2.41dB/km, the attenuation at 1300nm is 0.62dB/km, the screening strength of the optical fiber is 100kpsi, and the section length is more than 10 km.
Example 3
In this example, the silica fiber is a single mode fiber having a structure of 9/125 μm, the inner coating layer is a silicone resin coating layer, and the outer coating layer is a silicone resin coating layer, which can be cured by ultraviolet light. The diameter of the inner coating of the optical fiber is 200 mu m, the diameter of the outer coating is 241 mu m, the attenuation of the optical fiber at 1310nm is 0.35dB/km, the attenuation at 1550nm is 0.24dB/km, the screening strength of the optical fiber is 100kpsi, the segment length is more than 50km, and Nd is 21; the additional attenuation value of the optical fiber is less than 0.05dB/km under the environment of 200 ℃; can be used at 250 deg.C for at least 7 days.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the comparative example is that the used outer coating is a high-temperature resistant acrylic resin coating layer (the coating viscosity is 2000-5000 cps), and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1. The diameter of the prepared optical fiber coating is 240 mu m, the attenuation of the optical fiber at 1310nm is 0.32dB/km, the attenuation of the optical fiber at 1550nm is 0.21dB/km, the screening strength of the optical fiber is 200kpsi, the section length is more than 50km, and Nd is 21.4; the additional attenuation value of the optical fiber is less than 0.05dB/km under the environment of 150 ℃, but the additional attenuation value of the optical fiber is more than 0.05dB/km under the environment of 200 ℃.
Comparing example 1 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that the attenuation characteristics of the acrylic double-coated optical fiber at high temperature are significantly inferior to those of the acrylic/silicone double-coated optical fiber of the present invention, and comparative example 1 shows an additional attenuation value of more than 0.05dB/km only in an environment of 200 ℃. Within the design range of the invention, the optical fiber adopting the acrylic acid/organic silicon double coating or the organic silicon/organic silicon double coating can be used for a long time at the temperature of 200 ℃, and has stable performance and small attenuation.
In conclusion, the temperature-resistant optical fiber suitable for the high-temperature severe environment is coated by double-layer resin, the diameter of the optical fiber reaches 245 mu m, the optical fiber can be used for a long time at the temperature of 200 ℃, and the performance is stable; can be used for at least 7 days in 250 deg.C environment for a short period. The temperature-resistant optical fiber manufactured by the invention has the screening strength of 100kpsi or 200kpsi, uniform coating, length of a section which can exceed 50km, suitability for long-distance use and an optical fiber fatigue value Nd which is more than 20.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of forming an optical fiber, comprising the steps of:
melting the optical fiber preform at a high temperature of more than 2000 ℃, and drawing the optical fiber preform into a filament;
cooling the filaments to a temperature of 45-55 ℃;
coating the surface of the cooled filament by adopting acrylic resin or organic silicon resin, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain a primary coated filament;
and coating the surface of the primary coating fibril by using organic silicon resin, and then carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain the optical fiber.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the viscosity of the acrylic resin is 2000-5000 cps.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the viscosity of the silicone resin is 3000-8000 cps.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the drawing speed in the drawing and drawing process is 200-600 m/min.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the ultraviolet curing is to adopt ultraviolet light to initiate resin polymerization to form an insoluble and infusible solid coating film on the optical fiber, and the duration of the ultraviolet curing is 0.2 to 0.6 s; the outer diameter of the optical fiber preform is 40-200 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: after the drawing step and before the cooling step, measuring the wire diameter of the wire to reach a preset wire diameter.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: and the optical fiber is wound on the optical fiber disc by adopting an automatic take-up device after being molded.
8. An optical fiber, characterized by: the optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises, in order from the core to the outside, a core layer, a clad layer, an inner coating layer and an outer silicone coating layer, wherein the inner coating layer is an acrylic inner coating layer or an inner silicone coating layer.
9. The optical fiber of claim 8, wherein: the optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber or a multimode optical fiber.
10. The optical fiber of claim 8, wherein: the optical fiber can be used for a long time at 200 ℃, or used for at least 7 days at 250 ℃.
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| CN201911369020.5A CN111103651A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Optical fiber and method of forming the same |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH032808A (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1991-01-09 | Fujikura Ltd | Coated optical fiber |
| JPH08304673A (en) * | 1995-03-07 | 1996-11-22 | Toray Ind Inc | Single mode type optical fiber, its coated fiber, cord and coated optical fiber with connector and cord |
| CN101852886A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所 | High anti-damage energy transfer optical fiber and manufacturing method |
| CN103517884A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-01-15 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Optical fiber |
| CN108333668A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-27 | 上海传输线研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所） | A kind of radiation resistance high-low temperature resistant single mode optical fiber |
| CN110133796A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-08-16 | 山东太平洋光纤光缆有限公司 | A kind of irradiation resistant fiber and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-12-26 CN CN201911369020.5A patent/CN111103651A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH032808A (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1991-01-09 | Fujikura Ltd | Coated optical fiber |
| JPH08304673A (en) * | 1995-03-07 | 1996-11-22 | Toray Ind Inc | Single mode type optical fiber, its coated fiber, cord and coated optical fiber with connector and cord |
| CN101852886A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所 | High anti-damage energy transfer optical fiber and manufacturing method |
| CN103517884A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-01-15 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Optical fiber |
| CN108333668A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-27 | 上海传输线研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所） | A kind of radiation resistance high-low temperature resistant single mode optical fiber |
| CN110133796A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-08-16 | 山东太平洋光纤光缆有限公司 | A kind of irradiation resistant fiber and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200505 |