CN111102319B - Low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure - Google Patents
Low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111102319B CN111102319B CN202010054465.0A CN202010054465A CN111102319B CN 111102319 B CN111102319 B CN 111102319B CN 202010054465 A CN202010054465 A CN 202010054465A CN 111102319 B CN111102319 B CN 111102319B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure, and belongs to the technical field of superstructure vibration isolation. The superstructure comprises an upper mounting panel, a lower mounting panel and a vibration isolation functional structure, wherein the vibration isolation functional structure is formed by periodically arranging and combining supercells, each supercell is composed of more than two single cells, the main bodies of the single cells are curved beams with sine line shapes, one end of each curved beam is provided with a vertically downward constraint bulge, the other end of each curved beam is provided with a vertically upward connection bulge, and the connection bulges are used as rotation centers to rotate to form the supercells symmetrically distributed by more than two single cells. The superstructure can bear the weight of equipment, can well isolate line vibration in the main bearing direction, and has certain isolation effect on line vibration in other directions and angular vibration in three directions; the superstructure has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, easy preparation, convenient installation and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure, and belongs to the technical field of superstructure vibration isolation.
Background
With the increasing requirements of heavy equipment represented by spacecraft on light weight and high performance, more rigorous requirements are provided for static bearing and vibration isolation capability of a light structure. On the other hand, low-frequency, micro-amplitude and complex-form vibration generated during the operation of engineering equipment also provides great challenges for the design of the vibration isolation device, for example, in the aerospace field, an inertial execution mechanism (CMG) of a satellite generates low-frequency micro-vibration in six directions (X, Y, Z translation and rotation in three directions) during operation, and the imaging accuracy, the service life and other key performances of the satellite are seriously affected.
The traditional vibration isolation technology is used for suppressing vibration by increasing system damping dissipation or installing a special vibration isolation mechanism, wherein the traditional vibration isolation technology has poor effect of suppressing low-frequency vibration and cannot adapt to extreme working environments such as large temperature difference and the like; the greater volume and weight of the latter itself may affect the requirements of lightweight, compact overall systems and lack reliability in the way the components are assembled.
The superstructure enables the overall structure to obtain excellent dynamic performance by finely designing the artificial microstructures with sub-wavelength sizes, and further generates a good inhibition effect on low-frequency vibration. However, current superstructure designs primarily consider dynamic performance, with narrower operating bands and often neglecting static loading and light engineering requirements. Therefore, the requirements of light weight, load resistance and compact structure of engineering equipment need to be strictly met, and an integrated superstructure capable of realizing wide and low frequency vibration suppression is designed, so that the integrated superstructure can play an important role in safe operation and performance improvement of heavy equipment such as spacecrafts.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure, which can bear the weight of equipment, can well isolate linear vibration in a main bearing direction, and has a certain isolation effect on linear vibration in other directions and angular vibration in three directions; the vibration isolation superstructure has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, easy preparation, convenient installation and wide application range.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure comprises an upper mounting panel, a lower mounting panel and a vibration isolation functional structure, wherein the vibration isolation functional structure is respectively connected with the upper mounting panel and the lower mounting panel;
the vibration isolation functional structure is formed by periodically arranging and combining supercells, each supercell is composed of more than two (including two) single cells, the main body of each single cell is a curved beam with a sine line shape, one end of each curved beam is provided with a vertically downward constraint bulge, the other end of each curved beam is provided with a vertically upward connecting bulge, and the curved beams rotate by taking the connecting bulge end as a rotation center to form supercells symmetrically distributed by more than two (including two) single cells; and D is the width of the curved beam in the single cell, H is the span height of the curved beam, T is the thickness of the curved beam, H/T is 0.1-2, and D is more than or equal to 2T.
Further, the connection form between the curved beam and the connecting bulge and the restraining bulge in the unit cell is a round angle or a chamfer angle.
Furthermore, the number of the unit cells in the supercell is two, three or four, namely the unit cells rotate by 180 degrees, 120 degrees or 90 degrees by taking the connecting convex end as a rotation center, and accordingly a bilateral supercell, a trilateral supercell or a quadrilateral supercell is formed.
Furthermore, when the number of the single cells in the supercell is two, the superstructure contains four vibration isolation functional structures, the four vibration isolation functional structures are connected end to form a square frame, and the upper end and the lower end of the square are correspondingly connected with the upper mounting panel and the lower mounting panel respectively.
Furthermore, the length of the constraint bulge of the unit cell is B, and when more than two adjacent (including two) supercells in the vibration isolation function structure are connected through the constraint bulge, the total length B of the constraint bulge for connecting more than two supercells1More than or equal to T; when the restraining bulge of the supercell in the vibration isolation function structure is not connected with the adjacent supercell, the length B of the restraining bulge2≥2T。
Furthermore, the material of the vibration isolation functional structure is selected from materials with a damping ratio less than 0.1, such as photosensitive resin, alloy materials and the like.
Further, the superstructure is prepared by adopting an additive manufacturing technology, and an upper mounting panel, a lower mounting panel and a vibration isolation functional structure are manufactured integrally; or the superstructure and the vibration source equipment base are integrally manufactured by adopting an additive manufacturing technology.
The working principle of the superstructure of the invention is as follows: the supercell can show different mechanical properties according to different geometrical shapes of curved beams in the unit cells and different combination forms of the unit cells in the supercell. When H/T is 0.1-2, the supercell has the stress characteristic that the equivalent stiffness is reduced firstly and then increased along with the transverse compression, and the minimum equivalent stiffness can be close to zero. Aiming at specific vibration source equipment, the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure can bear the vibration source equipment and has very low equivalent rigidity in the direction (Y) vertical to the upper and lower mounting panels by designing a vibration isolation functional structure, so that the linear vibration in the direction is blocked. Since the vibration isolation function structure is a grid structure, the superstructure can have lower equivalent stiffness in other two directions through different periodic arrangement modes of the supercells, so that linear vibration in other two directions (X, Z) and angular vibration in three directions (X, Y, Z) can be blocked.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention applies the design idea of the superstructure, breaks the dependence of the vibration isolator on materials, simplifies the design of the current vibration isolation product and effectively shortens the development period of the vibration isolation product;
(2) the superstructure has the advantages of compact structure, light weight, small occupied space, convenient installation, wide vibration isolation frequency range and good vibration isolation effect, and can theoretically start from any low frequency;
(3) the superstructure can effectively bear vibration source equipment, can well prevent linear vibration of the vibration source equipment in a direction (Y) perpendicular to the upper and lower mounting panels under rated load, and can prevent linear vibration in other two directions (X, Z) and angular vibration in three directions (X, Y, Z) to a certain extent;
(4) the superstructure of the invention can be integrated on the base of the vibration source equipment, and can also be independently prepared to be used as a connecting piece between the vibration source equipment and other equipment, thereby having wide application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a unit cell.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a unit cell.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a bilateral supercell.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a trilateral supercell.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a quadrilateral supercell.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of bilateral supercells.
Fig. 8 is a schematic arrangement diagram of four vibration isolation functional structures in example 1.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the trilateral supercell in the structure of the isolation function in example 2.
Wherein, the upper installation panel, 2-the vibration isolation function structure and 3-the lower installation panel.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
A low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure comprises an upper mounting panel 1, a lower mounting panel 3 and a vibration isolation functional structure 3, wherein the vibration isolation functional structure 3 is respectively connected with the upper mounting panel 1 and the lower mounting panel 3, as shown in figure 1;
the vibration isolation functional structure 2 is formed by periodically arranging and combining supercells, each supercell is composed of more than two (including two) single cells, the main body of each single cell is a curved beam (shown in figure 2) with a sine line shape, one end of each curved beam is provided with a vertically downward constraint bulge, the other end of each curved beam is provided with a vertically upward connection bulge, and the connection bulges are used as rotation centers to rotate to form the supercell formed by symmetrically distributing more than two (including two) single cells; wherein, the width of the curved beam in the unit cell is D, the span height of the curved beam is H, the thickness of the curved beam is T, then H/T is 0.1-2, D is more than or equal to 2T, as shown in figure 3.
The connection form between the curved beam and the connecting bulge and between the curved beam and the restraining bulge in the unit cell is a fillet or a chamfer.
The number of the unit cells in the supercell is two, three or four, namely the unit cells rotate by 180 degrees, 120 degrees or 90 degrees by taking the connecting convex end as a rotation center, and accordingly, a bilateral supercell (shown in fig. 4), a trilateral supercell (shown in fig. 5) or a quadrilateral supercell (shown in fig. 6) is formed.
The arrangement mode of the supercell in the vibration isolation functional structure 2 can be one layer, two layers, three layers and the like; as shown in FIG. 7, the arrangement of the bilateral supercells is one layer, two layers and three layers.
When the number of the single cells in the supercell is two, the superstructure contains four vibration isolation functional structures 2, the four vibration isolation functional structures 2 are connected end to form a square frame, and the upper end and the lower end of the square are correspondingly connected with an upper mounting panel 1 and a lower mounting panel 3 respectively.
The length of the restraint bulge of the single cell is B, and when more than two adjacent (including two) supercells in the vibration isolation functional structure 2 are connected through the restraint bulge, the total length B of the restraint bulge connecting more than two supercells1More than or equal to T; when the restraining bulges of the supercells in the vibration isolation functional structure 2 are not connected with adjacent supercells, the length B of the restraining bulges2≥2T。
The superstructure is made of a material with a damping ratio less than 0.1; the superstructure may be prepared by an additive manufacturing technique, and the upper mounting panel 1, the lower mounting panel 3, and the vibration isolation functional structure 2 are integrally manufactured.
The superstructure is designed and manufactured by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to design requirements, obtaining the borne static load, the size of an interface, the vibration characteristics of a vibration source, the vibration isolation effect required to be achieved and the like, and preliminarily defining the material selection, the size and the arrangement mode of the vibration isolation functional structure 2 in the superstructure;
step two: inputting the size and the arrangement mode of the vibration isolation functional structure 2 obtained in the first step and related physical and chemical parameters of materials, and performing topological design on the vibration isolation functional structure 2 of the superstructure by means of a finite element tool to establish a finite element model;
wherein, the larger the ratio of H to T in the unit cell is, the more obvious the nonlinear mechanical response of the supercell is; the larger the T, the larger the static bearing capacity of the supercell; b generally needs to be larger than T to provide enough constraint support;
step three: optimizing the finite element model established in the step two, optimizing the vibration isolation functional structure 2 by taking the obtained mechanical nonlinear characteristics, the adjustment range of the nonlinear characteristics, the service life and the like as optimization targets, and finally determining the adopted materials, sizes and arrangement modes;
step four: on the basis of the vibration isolation functional structure 2 determined in the step three, an upper mounting panel 1 and a lower mounting panel 3 are designed according to a working environment interface, or the integrated design with other components is selected;
step five: and D, selecting a proper processing mode according to the superstructure determined in the step four, and manufacturing to obtain the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure.
Furthermore, corresponding mechanical tests can be carried out on the manufactured low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure, the steps are repeated according to the mechanical test results, the mechanical property of the superstructure is optimized until the optimal effect is achieved, and therefore the final design scheme is formed.
Example 1
The rated load of CMG equipment of a certain type of satellite is 160N, the bottom size of the CMG equipment is a circle with the radius of 111mm, the main vibration form during work is linear vibration in the Y direction (the direction vertical to the upper mounting panel), and the main frequency of the vibration form is concentrated on the frequencies of 50Hz, 100Hz, 160Hz, 200Hz and the like; at the same time, the device also generates linear vibrations in the X, Z direction and angular vibrations in the X, Y, Z direction. The design aim is to enable the superstructure to bear rated load, well isolate linear vibration of the equipment in the Y direction of more than 30Hz, and simultaneously have a certain inhibiting effect on other types of vibration of the equipment.
According to the design and manufacturing method of the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure, the following design scheme is selected: selecting future 8000 model photosensitive resin of Shenzhen future factory as base material of low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure, with elastic modulus of 1400MPa and density of 1131kg/m3(ii) a Selecting a bilateral supercell structure, forming a vibration isolation functional structure 2 in a double-layer arrangement mode, and connecting the four vibration isolation functional structures 2 end to form a square with the side length of 132mm, as shown in fig. 8; the geometric parameters of the unit cell are: the length L of the curved beam is 22mm, the span height H of the curved beam is 2.5mm, the thickness T of the curved beam is 2.5mm, the width D of the curved beam is 10mm, and the total length B of the constraint bulges connecting two adjacent bilateral supercells12.5mm, in order to ensure enough constraint force, the four vibration isolation functional structures 2 are arranged to form a constraint bulge length B of the bilateral supercell without the connection of adjacent bilateral supercells at four corners of the cube210 mm. An upper mounting panel 1 interface is designed to be connected with target CMG equipment, and a lower mounting panel 3 interface is designed to be connected with a six-axis force sensor of test equipment. After an ANSYS simulation test of commercial finite element software, the designed low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure is confirmed to meet the design target requirement. Deliver Shenzhen future factory through the preparation of additive manufacturing technique low frequency vibration isolation superstructure, size 164mm x 32mm, the quality is 300 g.
Compared with the traditional method, the size and the mass of the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure manufactured by the embodiment are greatly reduced. And comparing the test result obtained by directly connecting the target CMG equipment with the six-axis force sensor with the test result obtained by connecting the CMG equipment with the six-axis force sensor through the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure manufactured by the embodiment, and judging the vibration isolation effect of the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure manufactured by the embodiment. Through testing, in a time domain range, when the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure manufactured by the embodiment is not connected, the vibration amplitude of the target CMG in the Y direction is more than 35N; after the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure manufactured by the embodiment is connected, the vibration amplitude of the target CMG in the Y direction is reduced to be below 0.5N. In the time domain, after the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure manufactured by the embodiment is connected, the vibration amplitude of other five forms (X, Z linear vibration in two directions and X, Y, Z angular vibration in three directions) of the target CMG is reduced by more than 40%. The frequency domain range of more than 30Hz can achieve good vibration isolation effect after the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure manufactured by the embodiment is connected, and particularly, the frequency is within the range of 30Hz to 500Hz, and the vibration amplitude of the target CMG in the Y direction is reduced by more than 80%.
Example 2
The rated load of a vibration source device is 2800N, the main vibration mode in operation is linear vibration in the Y direction (the direction vertical to the upper mounting panel), and the main frequency of the mode vibration is concentrated on the frequencies of 15Hz, 23Hz, 60Hz and the like; at the same time, the device also generates linear vibrations in the X, Z direction and angular vibrations in the X, Y, Z direction. The design goal is to enable the superstructure to bear rated load, well isolate line vibration of more than 10Hz in the Y direction of the equipment, and simultaneously have a certain inhibiting effect on other types of vibration of the equipment.
According to the design and manufacturing method of the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure, the following design scheme is selected: the AlSi10Mg alloy is selected as a base material of the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure, the elastic modulus of the base material is 80GPa, and the density of the base material is 2700kg/m3. The trilateral supercell structure is selected, and the vibration isolation functional structure 2 is formed in a double-layer arrangement mode, as shown in fig. 9. The geometric parameters of the unit cell are: the length L of the curved beam is 26mm, the span height H of the curved beam is 2.5mm, the thickness T of the curved beam is 2.5mm, the width D of the curved beam is 10mm, and the total length B of the constraint bulges connecting three adjacent trilateral supercells14mm, and the constraint protrusion length B of the trilateral supercell without adjacent trilateral supercells connected at the outermost edge for ensuring enough constraint force210 mm. A simulation test is carried out by using commercial finite element software ANSYS, the dynamic stiffness in the Y direction (the direction vertical to the upper mounting panel 1) is 2765kN/m, the natural frequency is 10Hz, and the resonance frequencies corresponding to the other five types of vibration are less than 50Hz, so that the expected effect is achieved. The low frequency vibration isolation superstructure is prepared by additive manufacturing techniques, with dimensions of 160mm x 170mm x 26mm and a mass of 700 g. Compared with the traditional method, the low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure prepared by the embodiment has the advantages that the size and the quality are bothIs greatly reduced.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A low frequency vibration isolation superstructure which characterized in that: the superstructure comprises an upper mounting panel, a lower mounting panel and a vibration isolation functional structure, and the vibration isolation functional structure is respectively connected with the upper mounting panel and the lower mounting panel;
the vibration isolation functional structure is formed by periodically arranging and combining supercells, each supercell is composed of three single cells, the main body of each single cell is a curved beam with a sine line shape, one end of each curved beam is provided with a vertically downward constraint bulge, the other end of each curved beam is provided with a vertically upward connecting bulge, and the curved beams rotate by 120 degrees by taking the connecting bulge ends as rotating centers to form the supercells symmetrically distributed by the three single cells; the width of the curved beam is D, the span height of the curved beam is H, the thickness of the curved beam is T, H/T is 0.1-2, and D is larger than or equal to 2T.
2. The low frequency vibration isolation superstructure according to claim 1, wherein: the connection form between the curved beam and the connecting bulge and between the curved beam and the restraining bulge in the unit cell is a fillet or a chamfer.
3. The low frequency vibration isolation superstructure according to claim 1, wherein: when two or more adjacent supercells in the vibration isolation functional structure are connected through the constraint bulge, the total length B of the constraint bulge for connecting the two or more supercells1More than or equal to T; when the restraining bulge of the supercell in the vibration isolation function structure is not connected with the adjacent supercell, the length B of the restraining bulge2≥2T。
4. The low frequency vibration isolation superstructure according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the vibration isolation functional structure is selected from the material with the damping ratio less than 0.1.
5. The low frequency vibration isolation superstructure according to claim 1, wherein: the superstructure is prepared by adopting an additive manufacturing technology, and the upper mounting panel, the lower mounting panel and the vibration isolation functional structure are manufactured integrally.
6. The low frequency vibration isolation superstructure according to claim 1, wherein: the superstructure and the vibration source equipment base are integrally manufactured by adopting an additive manufacturing technology.
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| CN111985135B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2024-03-29 | 西安交通大学 | Board shell super structure integrating bearing and vibration isolation and design method thereof |
| CN112324827B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-06-24 | 西北工业大学 | Double-layer pyramid type light vibration reduction metamaterial lattice structure |
| CN112582035B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2024-02-13 | 大连理工大学 | Recoverable six-direction buffering energy-absorbing metamaterial and design method thereof |
| CN113361012B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2024-01-09 | 西北工业大学 | Metamaterial vibration-damping noise-reducing reinforced wallboard and method |
| CN114233786B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-09-09 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Low-frequency vibration isolation superstructure unit, superstructure and superstructure design method |
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| CN108895105A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 | A kind of adaptive high overload impact isolating structure based on lock energy Meta Materials |
| CN208845619U (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-05-10 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | A kind of Meta Materials vibration isolator with adjustable nonlinear mechanics feature |
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