CN111102099B - De-swirling anti-collapse filtering integrated device - Google Patents

De-swirling anti-collapse filtering integrated device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111102099B
CN111102099B CN201911129121.5A CN201911129121A CN111102099B CN 111102099 B CN111102099 B CN 111102099B CN 201911129121 A CN201911129121 A CN 201911129121A CN 111102099 B CN111102099 B CN 111102099B
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collapse
filter screen
cylindrical filter
disc
swirling
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CN111102099A (en
Inventor
孙善秀
马方超
刘文川
张立强
丁建春
吴姮
吴俊峰
赵涛
丁蕾
陈二锋
叶超
贺启林
周浩洋
王道连
容易
邓永福
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02KJET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K9/00Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
    • F02K9/42Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
    • F02K9/60Constructional parts; Details not otherwise provided for
    • F02K9/605Reservoirs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/31Self-supporting filtering elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/40Arrangements or adaptations of propulsion systems
    • B64G1/401Liquid propellant rocket engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02KJET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K9/00Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
    • F02K9/42Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
    • F02K9/44Feeding propellants
    • F02K9/54Leakage detectors; Purging systems; Filtration systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02KJET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K9/00Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
    • F02K9/42Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
    • F02K9/60Constructional parts; Details not otherwise provided for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vortex-eliminating collapse-preventing filtering integrated device, which comprises: the device comprises a storage tank, a deswirl blade, an anti-collapse disc, a cylindrical filter screen and a conveying pipe; wherein, the deswirl blade, the anti-collapse disk and the cylindrical filter screen are all arranged in the storage box; the conveying pipe is connected with a conveying opening at the bottom of the storage box; the eddy eliminating blade, the collapse preventing disc and the cylindrical filter screen form an outflow device, and the outflow device is positioned at the upper part of the conveying pipe; one end of each despin blade is connected with the anti-collapse disc, and the other end of each despin blade is connected with the inner wall of the storage tank; the upper part of the cylindrical filter screen is connected with the bottom of the anti-collapse disc, the side part of the cylindrical filter screen is connected with the eddy eliminating blade, and the lower part of the cylindrical filter screen is connected with the inner wall of the storage tank. The invention furthest delays the outflow air-trapping moment of the liquid in the storage tank, thereby reducing the unavailable amount of the liquid in the storage tank, and simultaneously filtering the outflow liquid at the cost of lower flow resistance to ensure that no excess enters the engine.

Description

De-swirling anti-collapse filtering integrated device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid rocket pressurized conveying systems, and particularly relates to a vortex-eliminating and collapse-preventing filtering integrated device.
Background
In the last stage of propellant flow in a liquid carrier rocket storage tank, liquid level collapse, vortex and other phenomena can occur above an outflow port (namely a storage tank delivery port) due to the influence of storage tank boundaries, an outlet, external interference and other factors on local flow characteristics. The vortex and collapse phenomena are characteristic of liquid rockets and occur at the end of the tank outflow. Without effective inhibition, the swirl and collapse can cause a large amount of gas to be entrained in the propellant and flow through the delivery tube to the engine turbopump, which can seriously affect the normal operation of the engine, even produce cavitation and cause the engine to explode. The proper outflow device is designed to prevent or delay the generation of vortex and collapse, the utilization rate of the propellant in the storage tank can be effectively improved, and the method is an effective way for ensuring the normal work of the power system of the carrier rocket and improving the carrying capacity of the carrier rocket. The traditional conveying system filter is generally arranged on an engine inlet pipeline, the installation space is short, the flow resistance is large, the pressurizing pressure of a rocket storage tank is increased, the weight of the structure is increased, and the carrying capacity is influenced; meanwhile, if the low-temperature liquid storage tank is pressurized by the components containing the solidified gas, the solidified gas is solidified when meeting the low-temperature liquid and is gathered at the filter, a larger filter screen area is needed, and the arrangement of the filter at the inlet of the engine is almost impossible. Although the space above the conveying port of the storage box is wide, the structure of a deswirl anti-collapse device and the like is difficult to arrange a filter screen.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the vortex eliminating and collapse preventing integrated device has the advantages that the defects of the prior art are overcome, the vortex eliminating and collapse preventing filtering integrated device is provided, the outflow and air trapping time of the liquid in the storage tank is delayed to the maximum extent, the liquid unavailability of the storage tank is reduced, meanwhile, the outflow liquid is filtered at the low flow resistance cost, and no excess is ensured to enter an engine.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a de-swirling anti-collapse filter integrated device comprises: the device comprises a storage tank, a deswirl blade, an anti-collapse disc, a cylindrical filter screen and a conveying pipe; wherein, the deswirl blade, the anti-collapse disk and the cylindrical filter screen are all arranged in the storage box; the conveying pipe is connected with a conveying opening at the bottom of the storage box; the eddy eliminating blade, the collapse preventing disc and the cylindrical filter screen form an outflow device, and the outflow device is positioned at the upper part of the conveying pipe; one end of each despin blade is connected with the anti-collapse disc, and the other end of each despin blade is connected with the inner wall of the storage tank; the upper part of the cylindrical filter screen is connected with the bottom of the anti-collapse disc, the side part of the cylindrical filter screen is connected with the eddy eliminating blade, and the lower part of the cylindrical filter screen is connected with the inner wall of the storage tank.
In the de-swirling anti-collapse filter integrated device, the meshes of the cylindrical filter screen are divided into an upper mesh and a lower mesh, wherein the diameter of the lower mesh is larger than that of the upper mesh; the upper meshes and the lower meshes are equally divided along the middle line of the height of the cylindrical filter screen.
In the integrated device for eliminating vortex and preventing collapse, the diameter of the lower part mesh is as follows:
Figure BDA0002277780670000021
wherein d is the diameter of the mesh, sigma is the surface tension, theta is the contact angle of the liquid propellant and the solid, rho is the density of the liquid propellant, a is the overload of the carrier rocket, and h is the height of the cylindrical filter screen.
In the de-swirling anti-collapse filtering integrated device, the height H of the de-swirling vanes is more than or equal to 0.29D, wherein D is the diameter of a conveying port at the conveying bottom of the storage tank.
In the de-swirling anti-collapse filtering integrated device, the length L1 of the de-swirling vanes is more than or equal to 2.0D, wherein D is the diameter of the conveying port at the conveying bottom of the storage tank.
In the vortex-eliminating collapse-preventing filtering integrated device, the vortex-eliminating blade is provided with a plurality of load-reducing holes, wherein the plurality of load-reducing holes are arranged in rows and columns.
In the de-swirling anti-collapse filtering integrated device, the diameter D of the load reduction hole is less than or equal to 0.14D, wherein D is the diameter of a conveying port at the conveying bottom of the storage tank.
In the de-swirling anti-collapse filtering integrated device, the distance between two adjacent load reducing holes in the row direction is equal to the distance between two adjacent load reducing holes in the column direction; the distance h between two adjacent load reducing holes is more than or equal to 0.14D, wherein D is the diameter of the conveying opening at the conveying bottom of the storage box.
In the de-swirling anti-collapse filter integrated device, the diameter dp of the anti-collapse disc is 1.75D-3.9D, wherein D is the diameter of a conveying port at the conveying bottom of the storage tank.
In the anti-collapse and anti-filtration integrated device, the number of the anti-collapse blades is multiple, and the anti-collapse blades are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the anti-collapse disc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the anti-collapse disc and the filter screen are fixed on the conveying port at the bottom of the storage tank through the eddy eliminating blades, and through the integrated structure and the functional design, the mounting space is reduced, the weight is reduced, the flow resistance is reduced, the liquid outflow and air inclusion time of the storage tank is filtered and delayed, and therefore the liquid unavailability of the storage tank is reduced. The anti-collapse disc is arranged right above the conveying port and blocks a collapse point in the center of the free liquid level, so that the collapse is delayed. The deswirl vanes are arranged around the disk to eliminate free liquid surface vortex caused by various reasons and prevent vortex core gas from entering the conveying pipe. The filter screen is arranged on the deswirl blade to filter the liquid excess.
(2) The de-swirling vanes and the circular discs are functional parts and are structural bearing and mounting parts, and the mounting requirements of the filter screen are met, so that the mounting space is reduced, the structural weight is lightened, and the flow resistance is reduced.
(3) The anti-collapse disc and the de-swirl blades can be provided with a certain number of small holes to reduce the pressure difference load on the upper and lower surfaces of the anti-collapse disc and the surfaces on two sides of the de-swirl blades caused by liquid flowing, shaking and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing weight.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an integrated de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of a cylindrical filter screen provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a deswirler vane provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an anti-collapse disc provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an integrated de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering device provided by an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the de-swirling anti-collapse filter integrated device comprises: the device comprises a storage tank 1, a deswirl blade 2, an anti-collapse disc 3, a cylindrical filter screen 4 and a conveying pipe 5; wherein, the deswirl blade 2, the anti-collapse disk 3 and the cylindrical filter screen 4 are all arranged in the storage tank 1; the conveying pipe 5 is connected with a conveying opening at the bottom of the storage tank 1; the despinding blade 2, the anti-collapse disc 3 and the cylindrical filter screen 4 form an outflow device which is positioned at the upper part of the conveying pipe 5; one end of each deswirl blade 2 is connected with the anti-collapse disc 3, and the other end of each deswirl blade 2 is connected with the inner wall of the storage box 1; the upper part of the cylindrical filter screen 4 is connected with the bottom of the anti-collapse disc 3, the side part of the cylindrical filter screen 4 is connected with the eddy eliminating blade 2, and the lower part of the cylindrical filter screen 4 is connected with the inner wall of the storage tank 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of a cylindrical filter screen provided in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the mesh of the cylindrical filter screen 4 is divided into an upper mesh and a lower mesh, wherein the diameter of the lower mesh is larger than that of the upper mesh; the upper and lower meshes are bisected along the median line of the height of the cylindrical filter sieve 4.
The diameter of the lower mesh is:
Figure BDA0002277780670000041
d is the diameter of the mesh (m), sigma is the surface tension (N/m), theta is the contact angle (DEG) of the liquid propellant and the solid, and rho is the density (kg/m) of the liquid propellant3) A is the overload (m/s) of the carrier rocket2) And h is the height (m) of the filter screen.
The cylindricality filter screen flow area is not less than conveyer pipe flow area, and the top mesh is close, and the below mesh is dredged to filter screen top flow resistance is big, and the below flow resistance is little, makes more liquid get into the conveyer pipe from the filter screen below, and when the liquid level reduced the top filter screen simultaneously, can rely on the surface tension of liquid to postpone gaseous break-over filter screen entering conveyer pipe.
The shape of the deswirler vane 2 is shown in figure 3, the height H of the deswirler vane is more than or equal to 0.29D, and the length L1 of the deswirler vane 2 is more than or equal to 2.0D.
The blades are provided with load shedding holes, wherein the plurality of load shedding holes are arranged in rows and columns. The diameter D of the load-reducing hole is less than or equal to 0.14D. The distance between two adjacent load shedding holes in the row direction is equal to the distance between two adjacent load shedding holes in the column direction; the distance h is more than or equal to 0.14D, and D is the diameter of the conveying opening of the storage box. By arranging the load relief holes in this way, the differential pressure load on two sides of the blade can be reduced by more than half.
The anti-collapse disc is also provided with load reducing holes, and a certain number of small holes can be formed in the anti-collapse disc and the eddy eliminating blades so as to reduce the pressure difference load on the upper surface and the lower surface of the anti-collapse disc and the surfaces on two sides of the eddy eliminating blades caused by liquid flowing, shaking and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing weight.
As shown in fig. 4, the diameter dp of the collapse prevention disk 3 is 1.75D to 3.9D, where D is the diameter of the transfer port at the transfer bottom of the storage tank.
The liquid flowing out from the liquid rocket storage tank 1 passes through the anti-collapse disc 3 to prevent the free liquid level from collapsing in advance, and after the vortex of the free liquid level is eliminated by the vortex eliminating blade 2, the liquid flows into the conveying pipe 5 after being filtered by the filter screen 4 and then enters the engine, so that the working requirements of full flow and no air inclusion of the liquid inlet of the engine are met.
When liquid in the storage box body uniformly flows out, before the liquid is exhausted, a pit can be generated on the liquid level above the outflow port to be not rotated, when the pit rapidly reaches the outlet, gas enters the outflow pipe, the collapse and the gas inclusion occur, and the central collapse point is blocked by arranging the collapse prevention disc 3, so that the collapse is delayed.
When liquid in the storage tank body uniformly flows out and the liquid level is low, vortex is easily generated on the liquid level in the tank body, the liquid level is developed into vortex, the vortex enters the outflow pipe, vortex gas inclusion occurs, and the vortex is eliminated by arranging the vortex eliminating blades 2 around the collapse preventing disc 3, so that the vortex gas inclusion before the liquid level collapses is eliminated.
In order to ensure that liquid entering the engine through the delivery pipe has no redundant substances and reduce the flow resistance as much as possible, a filter screen 4 is arranged below the anti-collapse disc and is arranged on the de-swirl blades 2.
A certain number of small holes can be arranged on the anti-collapse disc 3 and the de-swirl vane 2 so as to reduce the pressure difference load on the upper surface and the lower surface of the anti-collapse disc 3 and the surfaces on two sides of the de-swirl vane 2 caused by liquid flowing, shaking and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing weight.
The anti-collapse disc and the filter screen are fixed on the conveying port at the bottom of the storage tank through the eddy eliminating blades, and through the integrated structure and the functional design, the mounting space is reduced, the weight is reduced, the flow resistance is reduced, the moment of air entrainment of outflow of liquid in the storage tank is filtered and delayed, and therefore the amount of liquid in the storage tank is reduced. The anti-collapse disc is arranged right above the conveying port and blocks a collapse point in the center of the free liquid level, so that the collapse is delayed. The deswirl vanes are arranged around the disk to eliminate free liquid surface vortex caused by various reasons and prevent vortex core gas from entering the conveying pipe. The filter screen is arranged on the deswirl blade to filter the liquid excess.
The number of the de-swirling vanes can be different according to the flowing condition of the liquid in the storage tank, when the flowing condition is stable, a few de-swirling vanes can be adopted, when the flowing condition is severe, a great number of de-swirling vanes can be adopted, and the number of the vanes can be different, such as 4 vanes, 8 vanes, 16 vanes and the like. The filter screen flow area is not less than the conveyer pipe flow area, and the top mesh is close, and the below mesh is dredged to the filter screen top flow resistance is big, and the below flow resistance is little, makes more liquid get into the conveyer pipe from the filter screen below, and when the liquid level reduced the top filter screen simultaneously, can rely on the surface tension of liquid to postpone gaseous break-over filter screen entering conveyer pipe.
The vortex blades and the circular disc are functional parts and are structural bearing and mounting parts, and the mounting requirements of the filter screen are met, so that the mounting space is reduced, the structural weight is lightened, and the flow resistance is reduced.
The spaces at the bottoms of the deswirl vanes are communicated, so that the liquid levels of the small spaces separated by the deswirl vanes are ensured to be balanced.
The flowing medium can be water, kerosene, dinitrogen tetroxide liquid, unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine liquid and other normal temperature liquids, and can also be liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid methane and other low temperature liquids.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.

Claims (9)

1. A despin and anti-collapse integrated filtering device is characterized by comprising: a storage tank (1), a deswirl blade (2), an anti-collapse disc (3), a cylindrical filter screen (4) and a conveying pipe (5); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the de-whirling blades (2), the anti-collapse disc (3) and the cylindrical filter screen (4) are all arranged in the storage box (1);
the conveying pipe (5) is connected with a conveying opening at the bottom of the storage box (1);
the despinding blade (2), the anti-collapse disc (3) and the cylindrical filter screen (4) form an outflow device which is positioned at the upper part of the conveying pipe (5);
one end of each deswirl blade (2) is connected with the anti-collapse disc (3), and the other end of each deswirl blade (2) is connected with the inner wall of the storage box (1);
the upper part of the cylindrical filter screen (4) is connected with the bottom of the anti-collapse disc (3), the side part of the cylindrical filter screen (4) is connected with the eddy eliminating blade (2), and the lower part of the cylindrical filter screen (4) is connected with the inner wall of the storage box (1);
the meshes of the cylindrical filter screen (4) are divided into an upper mesh and a lower mesh, wherein the diameter of the lower mesh is larger than that of the upper mesh; the upper meshes and the lower meshes are equally divided along the middle line of the height of the cylindrical filter screen (4).
2. The de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the lower mesh is as follows:
Figure FDA0002872843040000011
wherein d is the diameter of the mesh, sigma is the surface tension, theta is the contact angle of the liquid propellant and the solid, rho is the density of the liquid propellant, a is the overload of the carrier rocket, and h is the height of the cylindrical filter screen.
3. The de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: the height H of the de-swirling vanes (2) is more than or equal to 0.29D, wherein D is the diameter of a conveying opening at the bottom of the storage tank.
4. The de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: the length L1 of the deswirl blade (2) is more than or equal to 2.0D, wherein D is the diameter of the conveying opening at the bottom of the storage tank.
5. The de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: the de-swirl vane (2) is provided with a plurality of load shedding holes, wherein the plurality of load shedding holes are arranged in rows and columns.
6. The de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering integrated device according to claim 5, wherein: the diameter D of the load shedding hole is less than or equal to 0.14D, wherein D is the diameter of the conveying opening at the bottom of the storage box.
7. The de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering integrated device according to claim 5, wherein: the distance between two adjacent load shedding holes in the row direction is equal to the distance between two adjacent load shedding holes in the column direction; the distance h between two adjacent load shedding holes is more than or equal to 0.14D, wherein D is the diameter of the conveying opening at the bottom of the storage box.
8. The de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter dp of the anti-collapse disc (3) is 1.75D-3.9D, wherein D is the diameter of a conveying opening at the bottom of the storage box.
9. The de-swirling, anti-collapse and filtering integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the de-swirl blades (2) is multiple, and the de-swirl blades (2) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the anti-collapse disc (3).
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CN112282968B (en) * 2020-10-09 2022-03-04 北京宇航系统工程研究所 Low-temperature common-bottom storage tank for conveying propellant in inner
CN112012849B (en) * 2020-10-15 2021-03-16 北京星际荣耀空间科技股份有限公司 Vortex-proof collapse-proof structure and propellant storage tank with same
CN112523897B (en) * 2020-11-27 2022-06-03 北京宇航系统工程研究所 Special-shaped storage box outflow device
CN113740029A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-12-03 北京宇航系统工程研究所 Rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test verification system and test method
CN117569948A (en) * 2023-11-23 2024-02-20 北京天兵科技有限公司 Pressurizing conveying system, liquid carrier rocket and control method of pressurizing conveying system

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