CN111101862A

CN111101862A - Pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation

Info

Publication number: CN111101862A
Application number: CN201911413137.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏照宇; 卢猛; 宋殿兰; 陶军; 陈宗恒; 连琏; 姚宝恒
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Exploration Engineering; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Exploration Engineering; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-31
Also published as: CN111101862B

Abstract

The invention provides a pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation, which comprises a submarine drilling machine, a sampling pipe, a drill bit and a flow guide cavity, wherein one end of the sampling pipe is installed on the submarine drilling machine, the other end of the sampling pipe is installed on an output shaft of the submarine drilling machine through a drilling tool joint, the drilling tool joint is in threaded connection with the sampling pipe, the sampling pipe is in threaded connection with the drill bit, and the sampling pipe and the drill bit can be detached for maintenance or replacement at any time. By arranging the flow guide cavity outside the upper end of the drilling tool, positive circulation of flushing fluid can be established in the drilling process of the drilling tool, the current situation that a slurry pump is required to provide flushing fluid in the submarine drilling process in the prior art is solved, the total weight of a submarine drilling system is reduced, more scientific loads can be carried by the ROV, and the drilling efficiency and the sampling quality are improved.

Description

Pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation.

Background

During geological drilling sampling, when a rock stratum is drilled, a pump is needed to inject flushing fluid into a drill hole, rock debris generated during drilling of a drill bit is taken away, and flushing fluid circulation is established. When an ROV (remotely operated unmanned vehicle) is used for shallow subsea drilling, it is often necessary to establish a flushing fluid circulation by means of a mud pump or a water pump, and the provision of a deep-sea mud pump increases the cost, increases the total weight of the subsea drilling system, reduces the payload of the ROV, and reduces the efficiency.

Patent document CN 107448145a discloses a subsea deep hole drilling rig and a method of operation. The seabed deep hole drilling machine comprises a rack, a drilling mechanism, a flushing system, a box type drill rod and drill tool warehouse, two box type inner pipe warehouses, a rod receiving and unloading mechanism and a hydraulic system, wherein the box type drill rod and drill tool warehouse is used for storing drill rods and drill tool outer pipes, the box type inner pipe warehouse is used for storing drill tool inner pipes and drill tool inner pipe assemblies, the rod receiving and unloading mechanism comprises a grabbing rod mechanism and a rod receiving mechanism, the grabbing rod mechanism is used for taking out the drill rods or the drill tool outer pipes from the box type drill rod and drill tool warehouse and moving the drill rods or the drill tool outer pipes to the grabbing position of the rod receiving mechanism, taking out the inner pipes or the inner pipe assemblies from the box type inner pipe warehouse and moving the inner pipes or the inner pipe assemblies to the grabbing position of the rod receiving mechanism, and the rod receiving mechanism is used for receiving. However, the flushing system in the deep hole drilling machine also adopts a flushing pump, which not only increases the weight of the drilling machine, but also increases the cost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation.

The invention provides a pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation, which comprises a submarine drilling machine 1, a sampling pipe 5, a drill bit 6 and a diversion cavity 4;

one end of the sampling tube 5 is arranged on the submarine drilling rig 1, and the other end of the sampling tube 5 is provided with a drill bit 6;

the flow guide cavity 4 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the sampling tube 5 and communicated with the sampling tube 5.

Preferably, the baffle cavity 4 includes a cavity 41 and a plurality of centrifugally extending openings 42 disposed circumferentially around the cavity 41 and communicating with the cavity 41.

Preferably, the opening direction of the centrifugal extension port 42 is the same as the rotation direction of the sampling tube 5.

Preferably, the centrifugal extension 42 is integrally formed or welded with the chamber 41.

Preferably, the sampling tube 5 and the drill bit 6 are screwed.

Preferably, a drill collar 3;

the subsea drilling machine 1 is provided with a subsea drilling machine output shaft 2;

the sampling tube 5 is arranged on the output shaft 2 of the submarine drilling machine through a tool joint 3.

Preferably, the tool joint 3 and the sampling tube 5 are threadedly connected.

Preferably, the cavity 41 is a cylindrical cavity;

the cavity 41 is welded at one end of the diversion cavity 4 close to the submarine drilling rig 1;

the cavities 41 are symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the diversion cavity 4.

Preferably, the remote unmanned submersible vehicle is further comprised, and the seafloor drilling rig 1 is detachably mounted on the remote unmanned submersible vehicle.

Preferably, the sampling tube 5 is a cavity of cylindrical structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the flow guide cavity 4 is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the drilling tool, so that the forward circulation of flushing fluid can be established in the drilling process of the drilling tool, the current situation that a slurry pump is required to provide flushing fluid in the submarine drilling process in the prior art is solved, the total weight of a submarine drilling system is reduced, more scientific loads can be carried by the ROV, and the drilling efficiency and the sampling quality are improved.

2. The sampling tube 5 and the drill bit 6 can be detached for maintenance or replacement at any time, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and convenience in maintenance.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along a-a of the flow guide cavity 4 in fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the direction of water flow when the sampling tube 5 is rotated;

fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the rotation direction of the guide chamber 4 and the water flow direction when the sampling tube 5 rotates.

The figures show that:

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the pump-free drilling tool suitable for underwater operation provided by the invention has the advantages that the positive circulation of flushing fluid can be established in the drilling process of the drilling tool by arranging the flow guide cavity 4 on the outer side of the upper end of the drilling tool, the current situation that the flushing fluid needs to be provided by a slurry pump in the submarine drilling process is changed, the total weight of a submarine drilling system is reduced, more scientific loads can be carried by an ROV, and the drilling efficiency and the sampling quality are improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a subsea drilling machine 1, a sampling tube 5, a drill bit 6 and a flow guide cavity 4, wherein one end of the sampling tube 5 is mounted on the subsea drilling machine 1, the other end of the sampling tube 5 is mounted with the drill bit 6, the flow guide cavity 4 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the sampling tube 5 and is communicated with the sampling tube 5, in a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a drill tool joint 3, the subsea drilling machine 1 is provided with a subsea drilling machine output shaft 2, the sampling tube 5 is mounted on the subsea drilling machine output shaft 2 through the drill tool joint 3, the drill tool joint 3 is in threaded connection with the sampling tube 5, and the sampling tube 5 is in threaded connection with the drill bit 6, so that the sampling tube 5 and the drill bit 6 can be detached for maintenance or replacement at any time, and the device.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the diversion cavity 4 includes a cavity 41 and a plurality of centrifugal extension openings 42 disposed in the circumferential direction of the cavity 41 and communicated with the cavity 41, in a preferred example, as shown in fig. 2, the cavity 41 is a cylindrical cavity, the centrifugal extension openings 42 are integrally formed with the cavity 41, the sampling tube 5 is a cylindrical cavity, the cavity 41 is welded to one end of the diversion cavity 4 close to the seafloor drilling rig 1, and the cavities 41 are symmetrically disposed in the circumferential direction of the diversion cavity 4. In one variant, the centrifugally extending opening 42 is welded to the chamber 41.

The remote control unmanned submersible vehicle is characterized by further comprising a remote control unmanned submersible vehicle, wherein the submarine drilling rig 1 is detachably mounted on the remote control unmanned submersible vehicle, and the action of the submarine drilling rig 1 can be controlled through the remote control unmanned submersible vehicle to realize drilling operation. In a preferred embodiment, the seafloor drilling rig 1 is bolted to the remotely operated unmanned vehicle, and in one variation, the seafloor drilling rig 1 is mounted to the remotely operated unmanned vehicle by a mating fastener.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

when the remote control unmanned underwater vehicle works, the whole set of equipment is placed on the sea bottom and soaked in seawater, the seabed drilling machine 1 is fixedly installed on the remote control unmanned underwater vehicle, the seabed drilling machine output shaft 2 rotates around the axial direction under the driving of the seabed drilling machine 1 during drilling operation, the flow guide cavity 4 rotates clockwise when seen from the direction from the drill bit 6 to the sampling pipe 5, the diameter of the outer edge of the centrifugal extension opening 42 extending out of the flow guide cavity 4 is larger, and the opening direction of the outer edge is the same as the rotating direction of the drill bit 6, as shown in figure 4, when the drill bit 6 rotates, water on the front surface of the centrifugal extension opening 42 is extruded by the side wall and the bottom surface of the centrifugal extension opening to enter the sampling pipe 5 and then moves towards the direction close to the drill bit 6 along the inside of the sampling pipe 5, and finally is discharged out of the sampling pipe 5 through the water gap; further, as shown in fig. 3, water moves inwards from the centrifugal extension opening 42 of the diversion cavity 4 and enters the sampling tube 5, an external water source continuously enters the sampling tube 5 to generate downward pressure along the sampling tube, and under the action of the pressure, the water inside the sampling tube 5 rushes out of the sampling tube 5 along the water gap at the bottom of the drill bit 6 and simultaneously takes away rock debris generated in the drilling process, so that positive circulation of flushing fluid is established in the drilling process.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims

1. A pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation is characterized by comprising a submarine drilling machine (1), a sampling pipe (5), a drill bit (6) and a diversion cavity (4);

one end of the sampling tube (5) is arranged on the submarine drilling rig (1), and the other end of the sampling tube (5) is provided with a drill bit (6);

the flow guide cavity (4) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the sampling tube (5) and is communicated with the sampling tube (5).

2. Pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation according to claim 1, characterized in that said diversion cavity (4) comprises a cavity (41) and a plurality of centrifugally extending ports (42) arranged circumferentially around the cavity (41) and communicating with the cavity (41).

3. Pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operations according to claim 2, characterized in that the opening direction of the centrifugal extension orifice (42) is the same as the rotation direction of the sampling tube (5).

4. Pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation according to claim 2, characterized in that said centrifugally extending mouth (42) is integrally formed or welded with the cavity (41).

5. Pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation according to claim 1, characterized in that said sampling tube (5) and the drilling head (6) are screwed.

6. Pumpless drill suitable for subsea operation according to claim 1, further comprising a drill collar (3);

the seabed drilling machine (1) is provided with a seabed drilling machine output shaft (2);

the sampling tube (5) is arranged on the output shaft (2) of the submarine drilling machine through the drilling tool joint (3).

7. Pumpless drill suitable for subsea operation according to claim 6, characterized in that said drill collar (3) and sampling tube (5) are threaded.

8. Pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation according to claim 2, characterized in that said cavity (41) is a cavity of cylindrical structure;

the cavity (41) is welded at one end of the diversion cavity (4) close to the submarine drilling machine (1);

the cavity (41) is symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the flow guide cavity (4).

9. The pumpless drilling tool suitable for subsea operation as recited in claim 1, further comprising a remotely operated unmanned vehicle, said subsea drilling rig (1) being removably mounted on the remotely operated unmanned vehicle.

10. Pumpless drilling tool suitable for underwater operation according to claim 1, characterized in that said sampling tube (5) is a cavity of cylindrical structure.