CN111098086A - Shaft part surface strengthening method and strengthening effect detection method - Google Patents
Shaft part surface strengthening method and strengthening effect detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111098086A CN111098086A CN201911417650.5A CN201911417650A CN111098086A CN 111098086 A CN111098086 A CN 111098086A CN 201911417650 A CN201911417650 A CN 201911417650A CN 111098086 A CN111098086 A CN 111098086A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface strengthening method and a strengthening effect detection method for shaft parts, wherein the surface strengthening method comprises the following steps: and preprocessing the shaft parts to obtain the shaft parts with preset sizes. And a rolling cutter with a roller is arranged at the position of the tool rest of the machine tool. And spraying a lubricant on the part to be rolled of the shaft part. And compiling a numerical control program according to the structure of the shaft part to perform profiling rolling on the shaft part. The surface strengthening method and the strengthening effect detection method for the shaft parts realize automatic control of rolling operation, avoid uncertainty of manual operation and control, reduce labor intensity, improve hardness of the shaft parts subjected to roll forming, reduce roughness, improve surface quality, enhance wear resistance and fatigue resistance, and further prolong service life of the shaft parts. The method for detecting the strengthening effect of the shaft part provides the detection index and the reference value, and is convenient for judging whether the strengthening effect meets the use requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to a surface strengthening method and a strengthening effect detection method for shaft parts.
Background
The surface of the shaft part is subjected to rolling reinforcement, so that the surface quality of the shaft part can be improved, the surface wear resistance and fatigue resistance are improved, and the service life of the shaft part can be effectively prolonged particularly for a railway axle bearing seat, a gear box seat and a transition arc.
At present, rolling of railway axles is mainly performed manually by skilled operators, feeding amounts in the diameter direction and the length direction are coordinated and controlled manually, and the coordination and control are difficult. Particularly, unstable rolling force is possibly generated at an arc part, local stress concentration is generated, hidden danger is brought to axle use, an effective method for axle rolling process quantitative control and post-rolling quantitative detection is not available, and the rolling effect cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a surface strengthening method and a strengthening effect detection method for shaft parts. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a method for strengthening the surface of a shaft part is provided, the method comprising: preprocessing the shaft parts to obtain the shaft parts with preset sizes; a rolling cutter with a roller is arranged at the position of a tool rest of the machine tool; spraying a lubricant on a part to be rolled of the shaft part; and (3) compiling a numerical control program according to the structure of the shaft part to control the rolling cutter to operate to carry out profiling rolling on the shaft part.
In one possible design, the shaft parts are preprocessed by grinding, and the diameter of the shaft parts after grinding is controlled to be 0.005mm larger than that after roll forming.
In one possible design, the pre-machining is performed using a turning process, the turning diameter being controlled according to the roll-formed diameter.
In one possible design, the surface roughness of the shaft part after turning is controlled within Ra2.0.
In one possible design, when the rolling cutter is installed, the rolling contact surface of the rolling cutter roller is a semicircular surface with the radius of 3-5 mm.
In one possible design, the linear speed is 80-120m/min and the feed speed is 0.1-0.2mm/min during profiling rolling.
In one possible design, the method further includes: and the radial pressing amount of the shaft parts is controlled by controlling the compensation of the cutter in the rolling process.
In a second aspect, there is provided a method for detecting a strengthening effect of a surface strengthening method for a shaft part, the method including: and detecting the hardness and the roughness of the rolled part of the shaft part, and evaluating the hardness improving effect and the roughness.
In one possible design, the reinforcement effect is judged to be qualified by the hardness being improved by 5% -15%.
In one possible design, a roughness below Ra0.4 qualifies the reinforcement effect.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following main advantages:
according to the surface strengthening method for the shaft parts, the rolling cutter with the roller is arranged at the position of the tool rest of the machine tool, the rolling cutter carries out profiling rolling on the shaft parts under a numerical control program, automatic control of rolling operation is achieved, uncertainty of manual operation and control is avoided, labor intensity is reduced, hardness of the shaft parts formed by rolling is improved, roughness is reduced, surface quality is good, wear resistance and fatigue resistance are improved, and service life of the shaft parts is prolonged. The method for detecting the strengthening effect of the shaft part provides the detection index and the reference value, and is convenient for judging whether the strengthening effect meets the use requirement.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a surface strengthening method for a shaft part according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for strengthening a surface of a shaft component, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
and preprocessing the shaft parts to obtain the shaft parts with preset sizes.
And a rolling cutter with a roller is arranged at the position of the tool rest of the machine tool.
And spraying a lubricant on the part to be rolled of the shaft part. The roller and the shaft parts are well lubricated in the rolling process by spraying the lubricant as the lubricating liquid. For example, the lubricant may be kerosene.
And (3) compiling a numerical control program according to the structure of the shaft part to control the rolling cutter to operate to carry out profiling rolling on the shaft part.
According to the shaft part surface strengthening method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the rolling cutter with the roller is arranged at the position of the tool rest of the machine tool, and the rolling cutter carries out profiling rolling on the shaft part under a numerical control program, so that the automatic control of rolling operation is realized, the uncertainty of manual operation and control is avoided, the labor intensity is reduced, the hardness of the shaft part formed by rolling is improved, the roughness is reduced, the surface quality is better, the wear resistance and the fatigue resistance are enhanced, and the service life of the shaft part is further prolonged.
In the embodiment of the invention, the shaft parts with preset sizes are obtained through preprocessing, so that the sizes of the shaft parts after roll forming meet the use requirements.
As an example, a shaft part is preprocessed by grinding, and the diameter of the shaft part after grinding is controlled to be 0.005mm larger than that after roll forming. And the allowance of 0.005mm reserved in grinding is used as rolling deformation, so that the size control precision of the formed part is higher. The preprocessing mode can be suitable for the working condition that the requirement on the size precision of the shaft part after roll forming is high.
As another example, the pre-machining is performed by turning, and the turning diameter is controlled according to the roll-forming diameter. The turning efficiency is higher, can be applicable to and shorten man-hour, improve work efficiency under the lower operating mode of requirement to roll forming's axle type part size precision.
In this example, in order to improve the surface quality of the molded shaft-like part, the surface roughness of the shaft-like part after turning was controlled to be within ra 2.0.
In the method for strengthening the surface of the shaft part, provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the rolling cutter is installed, the rolling contact surface of the rolling cutter roller is a small-radius semi-circular surface with the radius of 3-5mm, so that the rolling effect is improved. For example, the radius of the semicircular surface may be 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc., and the embodiment of the present invention is preferably 4mm semicircular surface.
Optionally, in the profiling rolling, in order to ensure the rolling effect and the degree of strengthening of the shaft-like part, the linear speed v is 80-120m/min, and may be, for example, 80m/min, 100m/min, 120m/min, and the like. The feed rate f is 0.1 to 0.2mm/min, and may be, for example, 0.1mm/min, 0.15mm/min, 0.2mm/min, or the like.
Optionally, the method for strengthening the surface of the shaft part provided by the embodiment of the invention further includes: and the radial pressing amount of the shaft parts is controlled by controlling the compensation of the cutter in the rolling process.
Specifically, the radial reduction of the shaft part is controlled by controlling the compensation of the cutter, and the method comprises the following steps:
the cutter compensation is to control the difference value between the actual position of the rolling cutter and a theoretical value, namely, the mounting position of the rolling cutter is changed to control the reduction on the premise of no change of the theoretical position. Or, the deviation compensation is carried out on the theoretical position to control the reduction under the premise that the installation position of the rolling cutter is not changed.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a strengthening effect of a surface strengthening method for a shaft part, where the method includes:
and detecting the hardness and the roughness of the rolled part of the shaft part, and evaluating the hardness improving effect and the roughness.
The strengthening effect detection method for the shaft parts provided by the embodiment of the invention provides an index for detecting the strengthening effect, and is convenient for judging whether the strengthening effect meets the use requirement.
Further, when the strengthening effect is detected, the strengthening effect is judged to be qualified if the hardness is increased by 5% to 15%, for example, the strengthening effect is judged to be qualified if the hardness is increased by 5%, 10%, 15% and the like. And if the detection result shows that the hardness is improved by 4%, determining that the strengthening effect is unqualified.
Further, the strengthening effect was judged to be acceptable when the roughness was not more than Ra0.4. For example, when the roughness of the rolled portion is detected to be ra0.4, ra0.3, or the like, the strengthening effect is judged to be acceptable. And when the roughness of the rolled part is detected to be Ra0.5, judging that the strengthening effect is unqualified.
In summary, the shaft part strengthening effect detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention provides the detection index and the reference value, so that whether the strengthening effect meets the use requirement or not is conveniently judged, the use performance of the shaft part is finally improved, and the service life of the shaft part is prolonged.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In addition, "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" in this document are referred to the placement states shown in the drawings.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for strengthening the surface of a shaft part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preprocessing the shaft parts to obtain the shaft parts with preset sizes;
a rolling cutter with a roller is arranged at the position of a tool rest of the machine tool;
spraying a lubricant on a part to be rolled of the shaft part;
and (3) compiling a numerical control program according to the structure of the shaft part to control the rolling cutter to operate to carry out profiling rolling on the shaft part.
2. The method for strengthening the surface of a shaft part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaft part is pre-machined by grinding, and the diameter of the shaft part after grinding is controlled to be 0.005mm larger than that after roll forming.
3. The method for surface strengthening of shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein the pre-machining is performed by turning, and the turning diameter is controlled according to the roll forming diameter.
4. The method for strengthening the surfaces of shaft parts according to claim 3, wherein the surface roughness of the shaft parts after turning is controlled within Ra2.0.
5. The method for surface strengthening of shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein the rolling contact surface of the roller of the rolling cutter is a semicircular surface with a radius of 3-5mm when the rolling cutter is installed.
6. The method for strengthening the surface of the shaft part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the linear speed is 80-120m/min and the feeding speed is 0.1-0.2mm/min during profiling rolling.
7. The method for surface strengthening of shaft parts according to claim 1, further comprising: and the radial pressing amount of the shaft parts is controlled by controlling the compensation of the cutter in the rolling process.
8. A method for detecting the strengthening effect of the surface strengthening method of the shaft parts according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and detecting the hardness and the roughness of the rolled part of the shaft part, and evaluating the hardness improving effect and the roughness.
9. The method for detecting the strengthening effect of claim 8, wherein the strengthening effect is judged to be qualified if the hardness is improved by 5% -15%.
10. The strengthening effect detection method according to claim 8, wherein the strengthening effect is judged to be acceptable if the roughness is less than ra0.4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911417650.5A CN111098086A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Shaft part surface strengthening method and strengthening effect detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911417650.5A CN111098086A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Shaft part surface strengthening method and strengthening effect detection method |
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| CN111098086A true CN111098086A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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| CN201911417650.5A Pending CN111098086A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Shaft part surface strengthening method and strengthening effect detection method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07299668A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1995-11-14 | Kurokawa Kogu Seisakusho:Kk | Device |
| CN102172787A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 浙江新柴股份有限公司 | Diesel engine body push rod hole processing method |
| CN105666034A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-06-15 | 盐城工学院 | Ultrasonic reinforcement online monitoring adjustment method and device as well as ultrasonic reinforcement device |
| CN107097040A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-29 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of Axle Surface rolling device |
| CN109079422A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2018-12-25 | 济南大学 | A kind of shaft-like workpiece numerical control rolling device |
-
2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911417650.5A patent/CN111098086A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07299668A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1995-11-14 | Kurokawa Kogu Seisakusho:Kk | Device |
| CN102172787A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 浙江新柴股份有限公司 | Diesel engine body push rod hole processing method |
| CN105666034A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-06-15 | 盐城工学院 | Ultrasonic reinforcement online monitoring adjustment method and device as well as ultrasonic reinforcement device |
| CN107097040A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-29 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of Axle Surface rolling device |
| CN109079422A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2018-12-25 | 济南大学 | A kind of shaft-like workpiece numerical control rolling device |
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Application publication date: 20200505 |