CN111092416B - High-voltage short-circuit current limiting device and control method - Google Patents
High-voltage short-circuit current limiting device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111092416B CN111092416B CN201811242966.0A CN201811242966A CN111092416B CN 111092416 B CN111092416 B CN 111092416B CN 201811242966 A CN201811242966 A CN 201811242966A CN 111092416 B CN111092416 B CN 111092416B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
- H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device and a control method thereof, and the device comprises at least 1 quick switch module and at least 1 current-limiting reactor which are connected in parallel, 1 quick switch branch current detection device and 1 total current detection device. Each quick switch module comprises 2 electromagnetic repulsion quick switches connected in series, 2 voltage-sharing capacitors, 1 energy storage and control unit and 1 isolation energy supply transformer. Each current-limiting reactor can be connected with all the quick switch module series branches in parallel, can also be connected with 1 quick switch module in parallel, and can also be connected with 1 electromagnetic repulsion quick switch in parallel. Through the device, the function of quickly inhibiting the short-circuit current under the high-voltage level can be realized, the quantity and the wiring mode of the quick switch modules and the current-limiting reactors can be flexibly adjusted according to actual application occasions, the current-limiting depth is flexible and controllable, the structure is simple, and the inhibition of the high-voltage short-circuit current is easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of short-circuit fault current limiting of an alternating-current power system, in particular to a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device and a control method.
Background
Among various power system accidents, short circuit is one of the most common serious faults which endanger the safe and stable operation of a power system and cause large-area power failure accidents. The severity of the damage to the power system caused by the short-circuit fault depends mainly on the magnitude of the short-circuit current. In recent years, with the continuous development of electric power construction in China, the continuous increase of electric load, the application of low-impedance large-capacity transformers, the continuous increase of single-machine capacity of power plants and generators, the interconnection of power grids in various large areas and the like, the level of short-circuit current in the power system is continuously increased, the level of short-circuit current of the power grid in many areas, particularly coastal economically developed areas, is a serious condition which is about to even exceed the maximum allowable level specified by the power regulation, provides more rigorous requirements for the safe and stable operation of the power system and various electrical equipment in the power system, such as circuit breakers, transformers, transformer substation buses, line frameworks, conducting wires, supporting insulators, grounding grids and the like, and becomes a power grid in each large area in China, in particular to one of the serious hidden troubles and key technical problems of safe and stable operation of an electric power system in an economically developed area, and in some cases has actually become a bottleneck restricting the construction and further development of electric power.
Macroscopically, the problem that the short-circuit capacity of the power system exceeds the standard can be solved by effectively limiting the short-circuit current, and the design capacity standard of various electrical equipment in a power grid, such as a transformer, a circuit breaker and the like, on the short-circuit current can be greatly reduced, so that greater economic benefit and social benefit are brought. Therefore, the current limiting technology for short-circuit current is a hot problem which is concerned by power systems and scientific researchers at home and abroad for a long time.
Compared with the common current-limiting reactor, the fault current limiter has the advantages that the fault current limiter can be used for preventing the electric power system from being adversely affected when starting, normally operating and returning to the normal operation state from the fault current-limiting state. Current fault current limiters can be classified according to the principle of construction: superconducting current limiters, solid state current limiters, PTC thermistor current limiters, and arc current transfer type current limiters. Although fault current limiters of various principles are different in structure, current limiting is basically performed in a mode of finally putting impedance in a short-circuit loop, and only the mode of putting impedance is different, such as quench input impedance using superconducting materials, input impedance using power electronic semiconductor devices, short-circuit current input impedance using fast switching, and the like.
The superconducting current limiter has the advantages that the detection, the conversion and the current limiting are integrated, the current limiting function can be achieved within millisecond, but the high-voltage application and the current setting are difficult; the solid-state current limiter has high reaction speed, can automatically exit after removing the fault, but depends on fault detection equipment, the fault removal generates high overvoltage, the series-parallel connection technology of the power electronic switch has high difficulty and low reliability; the PTC thermistor has simple structure, does not need fault detection equipment, has high reaction speed, but has large overvoltage, poor reusability and difficult application of high voltage; the arc current transfer type topological structure is relatively simple, the normal operation loss is small, but the influence of arc voltage is large, and the high-voltage situation is not suitable.
The fault current limiting device adopting the mechanical switch parallel reactor type has low loss, but the high-voltage mechanical switch can not meet the requirement of rapid current limiting because the opening time of the high-voltage mechanical switch is dozens of milliseconds.
Based on the above problems, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, embodiments of the present invention desirably provide a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device and a control method, which have low loss during normal operation, and adopt multi-break series connection and isolated energy supply, and place both the fast switch operation control mechanism and the switch body at a high potential, thereby eliminating an insulating pull rod of the fast switch, greatly improving the switching-off speed of the fast switch, and being capable of realizing flexible control of high-voltage fast current limiting and current limiting depth.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device comprises at least 1 quick switch module and at least 1 current-limiting reactor;
the quick switch modules are connected in series;
the current-limiting reactor is connected with the quick switch module in parallel;
the fast switch module includes: 2 electromagnetic repulsion quick switches, 1 energy storage unit and 1 isolation energy supply transformer; the 2 electromagnetic repulsion quick switches are connected in series; the 2 electromagnetic repulsion quick switches are provided with no insulating pull rod, and the same 1 energy storage unit provides electromagnetic pulse energy required by opening and closing; the energy storage unit is connected with 2 electromagnetic repulsion switches in series, and the middle point is equipotential; the output end of the isolation energy supply transformer is connected with the energy storage unit, and the input end of the isolation energy supply transformer is grounded.
Furthermore, the fast switch module further comprises 2 voltage-sharing capacitors, and the 2 voltage-sharing capacitors are respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the 2 electromagnetic repulsion switches.
Furthermore, only one current-limiting reactor is arranged, and the current-limiting reactor is connected with the branch circuits of all the fast switch modules after being connected in series in parallel.
Further, the number of the current-limiting reactors is consistent with that of the fast switching modules; the current limiting reactor is connected in parallel with a single fast switching module.
Further, the number of the fast switching modules is N times of the number of the current-limiting reactors, wherein N is an integer and is greater than or equal to 2; the current-limiting reactor is connected with the N rapid switch modules in parallel to form parallel units, and the parallel units are connected in series.
Further, the number of the current-limiting reactors is consistent with that of the electromagnetic repulsion switches; the current-limiting reactor is connected with the single electromagnetic repulsion switch in parallel.
Furthermore, the high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device further comprises 1 fast switch branch current detection device and 1 total current detection device; the fast switch branch current detection device measures fast switch branch current, and the total current detection device measures system line current.
Further, the device also comprises 1 set of master control system; the master control system receives signals of the fast switch branch current detection device and the master current detection device and judges the current signals; the master control system is connected with the energy storage unit in the quick switch module, sends a quick switch action command and receives a quick switch position state and an energy storage state signal.
The invention also provides a control method of the high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the fast switch module is in a closed position, and system current flows through the fast switch;
step 2: when the system has a short-circuit fault, the total current detection device or the fast switch module branch current detection device sends a current signal to a total control system, and the total control system judges whether the short-circuit current reaches an action threshold value according to a current criterion; after the current reaches a threshold value, the master control system sends a brake separating instruction to the energy storage and control in each quick switch module, the electromagnetic repulsion switch quickly separates the brake to a rated opening distance, and the current is naturally transferred to the current limiting reactor after the current crosses zero;
and 3, step 3: after the short-circuit fault is removed, the master control system controls the quick switch module to be switched on after the system voltage and the current are restored to normal values, and the current-limiting reactor is bypassed again.
Further, the current criterion in the step 2 comprises: current magnitude, phase and/or current rate of change criteria.
The invention also provides a control method of the high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 21: the fast switch module is in a closed position, and system current flows through the fast switch;
step 22: when the system has a short-circuit fault, the total current detection device or the fast switch module branch current detection device sends a current signal to a total control system, and the total control system judges whether the short-circuit current reaches an action threshold value according to a current criterion; after the threshold value is reached, the master control system firstly sends a brake separating instruction to a single quick switch module, 1 group of parallel current limiting reactors are firstly put in, if the current limiting rate meets the requirement, the current limiting reactors are not put in, if the short-circuit current still exceeds the standard, the master control system continuously sends a brake separating instruction to other quick switch modules, and the corresponding electromagnetic repulsion switch quick brake separating puts in the current limiting reactors;
step 23: after the short-circuit fault is removed, the master control system controls the quick switch module to be switched on after the system voltage and the current are restored to normal values, and the current-limiting reactor is bypassed again.
Further, the current criterion in the 22 nd step includes: current magnitude, phase and/or current rate of change criteria.
Has the advantages that:
1. the quick switching module with one driving two is adopted, the number of modules and the parallel connection mode of the modules and the current-limiting reactor can be flexibly configured according to the requirements of the actual voltage grade and the current-limiting depth, and the expansion of the high-voltage large-current grade is easy;
2. the operating mechanism of the rapid switch module is lifted to a high potential by adopting an isolated energy supply transformer mode, and an insulating part of the mechanism is eliminated, so that the switching-off time can be greatly shortened, and the short-circuit current limiting speed is accelerated; 3. and an isolated energy supply transformer is adopted, so that the opening and closing operation can be still performed when the system is not electrified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fast switch module in a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: the method comprises the following steps of 10-a quick switch module, 20-a total current detection device, 30-a quick switch branch current detection device, 40-a total control system, 50-a current limiting reactor, 101-a voltage-sharing capacitor, 102-an electromagnetic repulsion switch body, 103-a quick switch energy storage unit and 104-an isolation energy supply transformer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides a high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device. In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device includes at least 1 fast switch module 10, at least 1 current-limiting reactor 50, 1 fast switch branch current detection device 30, 1 total current detection device 20, and 1 total control system 40.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the fast switch module comprises 2 electromagnetic repulsion switches 102 connected in series, wherein 1 set of energy storage unit 103 provides opening and closing energy for the 2 electromagnetic repulsion switches, and the electromagnetic repulsion switches can be opened to a rated opening distance within 5 ms. The energy storage unit is connected with 2 electromagnetic repulsion switches in series, the middle point is equipotential, and 1 isolation energy supply transformer 104 provides required electric energy. During normal work, the isolation energy supply transformer bears the system working voltage to the ground, the input side is connected with the ground potential power supply, the output side is connected with the energy storage and control unit which is at the high potential of the system voltage like the quick switch, the insulation pull rod is not needed to be adopted for isolating the power supply, the operation power required by the opening of the quick switch is reduced, and the opening time is obviously prolonged.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the current-limiting reactor 50 is connected in parallel with the main branch of all the fast switch modules in series, and the electromagnetic repulsion switch in each fast switch module is connected in parallel with the voltage-sharing capacitor 101, so that the voltage-sharing consistency of the multi-fracture series connection is ensured.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a current limiting reactor 50 is connected in parallel with each fast switching module 10, the number of current limiting reactors corresponding to the number of fast switching modules.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a current-limiting reactor 50 is connected in parallel with each electromagnetic repulsion switch in the fast switch module, and the number of the current-limiting reactors is the same as that of the electromagnetic repulsion switches.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the number of the fast switching modules is N times the number of the current limiting reactors, where N is an integer and is greater than or equal to 2; the current-limiting reactor is connected with the N rapid switch modules in parallel to form parallel units, and the parallel units are connected in series. In this example, N is 2.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the fast switch module serial branch is provided with a current detection device, and the outside is provided with a total current detection device.
In the embodiment of the invention, the control method comprises the following steps: when the quick switch module works normally, the quick switch modules are all in the closed position, the current flows through the quick switch, and the loss is very small.
Step 2: when the system has a short-circuit fault, the total current detection device or the fast switch module branch current detection device sends a current signal to the total control system, and the total control system judges whether the short-circuit current reaches an action threshold value according to the current amplitude, the current change rate and other criteria. After the threshold value is reached, as shown in fig. 1, the master control system sends a brake-off command to the energy storage and control in each fast switch module, the electromagnetic repulsion switch is switched off to a rated open distance within 5ms, and the current is naturally transferred to the current-limiting reactor after the current crosses zero; in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 or 4, the master control system may first send a tripping instruction to a single fast switch module, and first put in 1 group of parallel current-limiting reactors, if the current limiting rate meets the requirement, the current-limiting reactors may not be put in, if the short-circuit current still exceeds the standard, the master control system may continue to generate a tripping instruction to other fast switch modules, and the corresponding electromagnetic repulsion switch fast tripping puts in the current-limiting reactors, thereby achieving the current-limiting effect from shallow to deep.
And 3, step 3: after the short-circuit fault is removed, the master control system controls the quick switch module to be switched on after the system voltage and the current are restored to normal values, and the current-limiting reactor is bypassed again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device is characterized by comprising at least 1 quick switch module and at least 1 current-limiting reactor;
the quick switch modules are connected in series;
the current-limiting reactor is connected with the quick switch module in parallel;
the fast switch module includes: 2 electromagnetic repulsion quick switches, 1 energy storage unit and 1 isolation energy supply transformer; the 2 electromagnetic repulsion quick switches are connected in series; the 2 electromagnetic repulsion quick switches are provided with no insulating pull rod, and the same 1 energy storage unit provides electromagnetic pulse energy required by opening and closing; the energy storage unit is connected with 2 electromagnetic repulsion switches in series, and the middle point is equipotential; the output end of the isolation energy supply transformer is connected with the energy storage unit, and the input end of the isolation energy supply transformer is grounded.
2. A high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to claim 1, wherein said fast switch module further comprises 2 voltage-sharing capacitors, and said 2 voltage-sharing capacitors are respectively connected in parallel to two ends of said 2 electromagnetic repulsion switches.
3. The high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to claim 1, wherein only one current limiting reactor is arranged, and the current limiting reactor is connected in parallel with a branch circuit formed by connecting all the fast switch modules in series.
4. The high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the current limiting reactors is the same as that of the fast switching modules; the current limiting reactor is connected in parallel with a single fast switching module.
5. The high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the fast switching modules is N times the number of the current limiting reactors, wherein N is an integer and is greater than or equal to 2; the current-limiting reactor is connected with the N rapid switch modules in parallel to form parallel units, and the parallel units are connected in series.
6. A high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to claim 1, wherein the number of said current limiting reactors is equal to the number of electromagnetic repulsion switches; the current-limiting reactor is connected with the single electromagnetic repulsion switch in parallel.
7. A high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by further comprising 1 fast switching branch current detecting device, 1 total current detecting device; the fast switch branch current detection device measures fast switch branch current, and the total current detection device measures system line current.
8. The device for limiting the high-voltage short-circuit current according to claim 7, further comprising 1 set of master control system; the master control system receives signals of the fast switch branch current detection device and the master current detection device and judges the current signals; the master control system is connected with the energy storage unit in the quick switch module, sends a quick switch action command and receives a quick switch position state and an energy storage state signal.
9. The control method of the high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to claim 8, wherein the control method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the fast switch module is in a closed position, and system current flows through the fast switch;
step 2: when the system has a short-circuit fault, the total current detection device or the fast switch module branch current detection device sends a current signal to a total control system, and the total control system judges whether the short-circuit current reaches an action threshold value according to a current criterion; after the current reaches a threshold value, the master control system sends a brake separating instruction to the energy storage and control in each quick switch module, the electromagnetic repulsion switch quickly separates the brake to a rated opening distance, and the current is naturally transferred to the current limiting reactor after the current crosses zero;
and 3, step 3: after the short-circuit fault is removed, the master control system controls the quick switch module to be switched on after the system voltage and the current are restored to normal values, and the current-limiting reactor is bypassed again.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the current criterion in step 2 includes: current magnitude, phase and/or current rate of change criteria.
11. The control method of the high-voltage short-circuit current limiting device according to claim 8, characterized in that the control method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 21: the fast switch module is in a closed position, and system current flows through the fast switch;
step 22: when the system has a short-circuit fault, the total current detection device or the fast switch module branch current detection device sends a current signal to a total control system, and the total control system judges whether the short-circuit current reaches an action threshold value according to a current criterion; after the threshold value is reached, the master control system firstly sends a brake separating instruction to a single quick switch module, 1 group of parallel current limiting reactors are firstly put in, if the current limiting rate meets the requirement, the current limiting reactors are not put in, if the short-circuit current still exceeds the standard, the master control system continuously sends a brake separating instruction to other quick switch modules, and the corresponding electromagnetic repulsion switch quick brake separating puts in the current limiting reactors;
step 23: after the short-circuit fault is removed, the master control system controls the quick switch module to be switched on after the system voltage and the current are restored to normal values, and the current-limiting reactor is bypassed again.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the current criterion in the 22 nd step includes: current magnitude, phase and/or current rate of change criteria.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811242966.0A CN111092416B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | High-voltage short-circuit current limiting device and control method |
| PCT/CN2019/099572 WO2020082856A1 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2019-08-07 | Quick switch module and high-voltage short circuit current limiting device, and control method thereof |
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| CN201811242966.0A CN111092416B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | High-voltage short-circuit current limiting device and control method |
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| JP6042041B1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-12-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | DC circuit breaker |
| CN107293440A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-10-24 | 国家电网公司 | The 363kV breakers switched based on rapid repulsion |
| CN207367766U (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-05-15 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of built-in transformer current-limiting apparatus |
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| CN103023000B (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2015-09-16 | 宁夏电力公司电力科学研究院 | Grid current limiting device and grid current limiting device and grid current limiting system |
| US10135367B2 (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2018-11-20 | Woodward, Inc. | Integrated soft start and safety shutdown |
| CN107154609A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-12 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of high reliability high-speed switch type fault current limiter |
| CN107171277A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-15 | 安徽恒凯电力保护设备有限公司 | A kind of zero loss depth current-limiting protection device that technology is cut-off based on Mintrop wave |
| CN108054741A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-18 | 安徽伊格瑞德电气设备有限公司 | One kind is based on multi-break high-pressure system current-limiting apparatus |
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| JP6042041B1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-12-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | DC circuit breaker |
| CN207367766U (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-05-15 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of built-in transformer current-limiting apparatus |
| CN107293440A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-10-24 | 国家电网公司 | The 363kV breakers switched based on rapid repulsion |
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