CN111091478A - CAN bus-based distributed structure station terminal communication method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power distribution automation systems, and particularly relates to a distributed structure station terminal communication method based on a CAN bus, wherein the station terminal comprises a power supply unit, a plurality of protection units and a comprehensive communication unit; the method comprises the steps that a power supply unit collects voltage and current signals and uploads the voltage and current signals to a comprehensive communication unit through a CAN bus; the protection unit collects the voltage, the current and the switch signal of the corresponding switch and uploads the signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus; the comprehensive communication unit receives signals uploaded by the power supply unit and the protection units and uploads the signals to the distribution automation main station; the distribution automation main station sends a remote control command to the corresponding protection unit through the comprehensive communication unit to control the corresponding switch on-off. The invention realizes data collection by taking the CAN bus as a communication channel on the basis of the comprehensive communication unit. The invention has strong expandability, high reliability of information transmission and low time delay.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution automation systems, and particularly relates to a distributed structure station terminal communication method based on a CAN bus.
Background
The distribution automation system is a comprehensive system with automation functions of operation, monitoring, maintenance and user management including substations, distribution networks and users. The traditional station terminal is installed in a centralized manner, and has the defects of inconvenience in expansion, high equipment failure rate, complex operation and maintenance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a terminal communication method for a distributed structure station based on a CAN bus, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a terminal communication method of a distributed structure station based on a CAN bus comprises a power supply unit, a plurality of protection units and a comprehensive communication unit; the comprehensive communication unit is respectively connected with the power supply unit and the plurality of protection units through a CAN bus; the power supply unit is connected with the power transmission line; the protection units are arranged on the corresponding switches and connected with the switches; the comprehensive communication unit is connected with the power distribution automation master station;
the communication method comprises the following steps:
s1: the power supply unit converts alternating current of the power transmission line into direct current, provides a working power supply for the comprehensive communication unit and the plurality of protection units, collects voltage and current signals of the output direct current and uploads the voltage and current signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus;
s2: the protection unit collects the voltage, the current and the switch signal of the corresponding switch and uploads the signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus;
s3: the comprehensive communication unit receives signals uploaded by the power supply unit and each protection unit through the CAN bus and uploads the received signals to the distribution automation master station;
s4: the distribution automation master station issues a remote control instruction to a corresponding protection unit through the comprehensive communication unit;
s5: and the corresponding protection unit receives the remote control instruction of the comprehensive communication unit and controls the corresponding switch on-off switch.
Preferably, the integrated communication unit communicates with the power distribution automation master station through ethernet or wirelessly.
Preferably, the power supply unit comprises a full-bridge rectification circuit, a single-ended flyback voltage reduction circuit, a backup power supply management circuit, a control protection circuit, a power supply output acquisition circuit and a CAN communication module;
the full-bridge rectification circuit, the single-end flyback voltage reduction circuit and the backup power supply management circuit are sequentially connected;
the control protection circuit is respectively connected with the full-bridge rectification circuit, the single-ended flyback voltage reduction circuit, the backup power management circuit, the power output acquisition circuit and the CAN communication module;
the input end of the full-bridge rectifying circuit is connected with the power transmission line; the power output acquisition circuit is connected with the output end of the backup power management circuit;
the full-bridge rectification circuit is used for converting alternating current of the power transmission line into high-voltage direct current and then connecting the high-voltage direct current to the single-ended flyback voltage reduction circuit;
the single-ended flyback buck circuit is used for stepping down the high-voltage direct current and then is connected to the backup power management circuit;
the backup power management circuit controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery or the super capacitor and outputs direct current to the comprehensive communication unit and the protection unit to provide working power;
the power supply output acquisition circuit is used for acquiring the voltage and current of the direct current output by the backup power supply management circuit and outputting an acquired voltage and current signal to the control protection circuit;
the control protection circuit is used for reading voltage and current signals of the power output acquisition circuit, controlling and protecting the output of the power unit, and uploading the read voltage and current signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN communication module.
Preferably, the protection unit comprises a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a remote signaling module, a data acquisition processing module, a CAN bus communication module and a remote control module;
the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the remote signaling module, the CAN bus communication module and the remote control module are respectively connected with the data acquisition and processing module;
the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring three-phase voltage signals of the switch and transmitting the acquired three-phase voltage signals to the data acquisition and processing module;
the current acquisition module is used for acquiring three-phase current signals of the switch and transmitting the acquired three-phase current signals to the data acquisition and processing module;
the remote signaling module is used for acquiring a switch position signal and transmitting the acquired switch position signal to the data acquisition and processing module; the data acquisition processing module is used for acquiring signals transmitted by the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module and the remote signaling module, transmitting the acquired signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus communication module, receiving a remote control command issued by the comprehensive communication unit and transmitting the remote control command to the remote control module;
the CAN bus communication module is used for uploading signals acquired by the data acquisition processing module to the comprehensive communication unit and transmitting remote control instructions issued by the comprehensive communication unit to the data acquisition processing module;
and the remote control module is used for controlling the corresponding switch on-off of the remote control instruction according to the transmission of the data acquisition and processing module.
Preferably, the integrated communication unit comprises a processing module, a CAN communication bus, an ethernet communication module and a wireless communication module; the CAN communication bus, the Ethernet communication module and the wireless communication module are respectively connected with the processing module; the processing module is respectively connected with the power supply unit and the plurality of protection units through the CAN communication bus; the processing module is connected with the power distribution automation main station through an Ethernet communication module or a wireless communication module.
Preferably, the integrated communication unit has a message conversion function, and forwards the message according to the message frame priority levels of the 101 balance protocol and the 104 protocol.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes data collection by taking the CAN bus as a communication channel on the basis of the comprehensive communication unit. The invention has strong expandability, high reliability of information transmission and low time delay.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a station terminal in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a full bridge rectifier circuit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-ended flyback buck circuit and a control protection circuit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a backup power management circuit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power output acquisition circuit;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a protection unit;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a remote control module of the protection unit;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an analog-to-digital conversion circuit of the protection unit;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an integrated communication unit.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
a terminal communication method of a distributed structure station based on a CAN bus is disclosed, as shown in figure 1, the station terminal comprises a power supply unit, a plurality of protection units and a comprehensive communication unit; the comprehensive communication unit is respectively connected with the power supply unit and the plurality of protection units through a CAN bus; the power supply unit is connected with the power transmission line; the protection units are arranged on the corresponding switches and connected with the switches; the comprehensive communication unit is connected with the power distribution automation master station;
the communication method comprises the following steps:
s1: the power supply unit converts alternating current of the power transmission line into direct current, provides a working power supply for the comprehensive communication unit and the plurality of protection units, collects voltage and current signals of the output direct current and uploads the voltage and current signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus;
s2: the protection unit collects the voltage, the current and the switch signal of the corresponding switch and uploads the signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus;
s3: the comprehensive communication unit receives signals uploaded by the power supply unit and each protection unit through the CAN bus and uploads the received signals to the distribution automation master station;
s4: the distribution automation master station issues a remote control instruction to a corresponding protection unit through the comprehensive communication unit;
s5: and the corresponding protection unit receives the remote control instruction of the comprehensive communication unit and controls the corresponding switch on-off switch.
As shown in fig. 2, the working power supply of the power supply unit is taken from a10 kV power transmission line, and comprises a full-bridge rectification circuit, a single-ended flyback buck circuit, a backup power management circuit, a control protection circuit, a power output acquisition circuit and a CAN communication module; the full-bridge rectification circuit, the single-end flyback voltage reduction circuit and the backup power supply management circuit are sequentially connected; the control protection circuit is respectively connected with the full-bridge rectification circuit, the single-ended flyback voltage reduction circuit, the backup power management circuit, the power output acquisition circuit and the CAN communication module; the input end of the full-bridge rectifying circuit is connected with the power transmission line; the power output acquisition circuit is connected with the output end of the backup power management circuit.
As shown in fig. 3-6, the full-bridge rectification circuit is used for converting the ac power of the power transmission line into the high-voltage dc power and then connecting the dc power to the single-ended flyback buck circuit; the single-ended flyback buck circuit is used for stepping down the high-voltage direct current to direct current 24V or direct current 48V and then is connected to a backup power management circuit; the backup power management circuit controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery or the super capacitor and outputs direct current to the comprehensive communication unit and the protection unit to provide working power; the power supply output acquisition circuit is used for acquiring the voltage and current of the direct current output by the backup power supply management circuit and outputting an acquired voltage and current signal to the control protection circuit; the control protection circuit is used for reading the voltage and current signals of the power output acquisition circuit, controlling and protecting the output of the power unit, and uploading the read voltage and current signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN communication module.
In FIG. 3, the rectifier diodes D1-D4 are 1N4007, rated current 1A and reverse breakdown voltage 1000V. In fig. 4, U1 and U2 are 74LS04 nand gate chips for latching and outputting fault signals, U is an LM358 operational amplifier for amplifying signals, D is a 20A10 diode, rated current 20A, reverse breakdown voltage 1000V for freewheeling, T is a transformer, and primary-secondary turn ratio is 23: 7. in fig. 5, D1 and D2 are 20A10 diodes, rated current 20A and reverse breakdown voltage 1000V, which are used for unidirectional freewheeling, and the charging circuit is the prior art and will not be described herein again. In fig. 6, U1 is U2 is an LM358 operational amplifier for amplifying signals, and U3 is an HCNR201 linear optical coupler for linear isolation.
As shown in fig. 7, the protection units are independently installed in each interval switch cabinet to complete terminal functions such as interval on-site measurement and control, and the terminal functions comprise a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a remote signaling module, a data acquisition and processing module, a CAN bus communication module and a remote control module; the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the remote signaling module, the CAN bus communication module and the remote control module are respectively connected with the data acquisition and processing module.
The voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring three-phase voltage signals of the switch and transmitting the acquired three-phase voltage signals to the data acquisition and processing module; the current acquisition module is used for acquiring three-phase current signals of the switch and transmitting the acquired three-phase current signals to the data acquisition and processing module; the remote signaling module is used for acquiring switch position signals and transmitting the acquired switch position signals to the data acquisition and processing module; the data acquisition processing module is used for acquiring signals transmitted by the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module and the remote signaling module, calculating to obtain telemetering information such as active power, reactive power, power factors, frequency and the like, transmitting the calculated information to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus communication module, receiving a remote control instruction sent by the comprehensive communication unit and transmitting the remote control instruction to the remote control module; the CAN bus communication module is used for uploading the signals acquired by the data acquisition processing module to the comprehensive communication unit and transmitting the remote control command issued by the comprehensive communication unit to the data acquisition processing module; the remote control module is used for controlling the corresponding switch on-off switch of the remote control instruction according to the transmission of the data acquisition and processing module, as shown in fig. 8, the remote control module comprises an optical coupler and a relay, and the corresponding switch on-off switch is controlled through the relay. The optocoupler chip is TLP521 in model number and used for isolating signals, and the relay is an MY2N relay and used for controlling signal power amplification.
The data acquisition and processing module comprises a DSP (digital signal processor) which is connected with the power supply unit. The voltage acquisition module comprises two paths of three-phase voltage acquisition channels, a voltage transformer is used for acquiring three-phase voltage signals, the current acquisition module comprises one path of three-phase current acquisition channel, a current transformer is used for acquiring three-phase current signals, the protection unit further comprises an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the voltage signals and the current signals acquired by the voltage acquisition module and the current acquisition module are input to the data acquisition processing module after being subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit. The remote signaling module comprises 16 remote signaling interfaces, and the remote signaling interfaces acquire remote signaling information of the interval switches and transmit the remote signaling information to the data acquisition and processing module. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit is shown in fig. 9, the analog-to-digital conversion chip U2 can select a commonly used chip model, specifically an AD7606 analog-to-digital conversion chip, has 8 analog inputs, and U1 is an LM358 operational amplifier.
The protection unit also comprises a real-time clock which is used for recording the action time of the switch. The real-time clock is connected with the DSP digital signal processor, and adopts SD2500 with the travel time precision of 3 minutes/year.
As shown in fig. 10, the integrated communication unit includes a processing module, a CAN communication bus, an ethernet communication module, and a wireless communication module; the CAN communication bus, the Ethernet communication module and the wireless communication module are respectively connected with the processing module; the processing module is respectively connected with the power supply unit and the plurality of protection units through the CAN communication bus; the processing module is connected with the power distribution automation main station through the Ethernet communication module and/or the wireless communication module. The processing module comprises an ARM9 processor, and is provided with a wireless communication interface, an Ethernet interface and a CAN bus interface, and the ARM9 processor is connected with the power supply unit. The comprehensive communication unit receives remote signaling and remote measuring information sent by CAN communication of the power supply unit and the protection unit, converts the remote signaling and remote measuring information into a 101 balance protocol or 104 protocol message, sends the message to the distribution automation main station, receives a remote control instruction of the distribution automation main station, and sends the remote control instruction to the corresponding protection unit. The wireless communication module adopts the InDTU332L and supports 4G, 3G and 2G communication modes.
The integrated communication unit also comprises a real-time clock which is used for synchronizing with the power distribution automation master station clock and simultaneously issuing standard time to the protection unit. The real-time clock is connected with an ARM9 processor, and adopts SD2500 with the travel time precision of 3 minutes/year.
The integrated communication unit has a message conversion function and forwards the message according to the message frame priority levels of the 101 balance protocol and the 104 protocol. The CAN communication of the protection unit CAN meet the message frame priority level of a three-remote mode in a 101 balance protocol and a 104 protocol: remote > telemetry.
In order to realize the priority level of the message frame, the invention adopts a CAN bus extension message frame format, the length of the identifier is 29 bits, and the meaning represented by each bit of identifier is as shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 meanings represented by identifiers
The bit0-bit1 of the extended message frame identifier is of an information type and occupies 2 bits in total: 0x0 is denoted remote control, 0x1 is denoted remote signalling, and 0x2 is denoted telemetry. The size of these two bits determines the priority level of each information type: remote > telemetry.
The bit2-bit17 of the extended message frame identifier is an information point number, and occupies 16 bits in total: 0x0000-0x4000 represents remote signaling information, 0x4001-0x6000 represents remote measuring information, and 0x6001-0 xFFFF.
The bit18-bit21 of the extended message frame identifier is the source address of the message frame, occupies 4 bits in total, and represents the node sending the message frame.
The bit22-bit25 of the extended message frame identifier is the source address of the message frame, occupies 4 bits in total, and represents the node receiving the message frame.
The invention is based on the integrated unit, realizes the data collection of the protection unit and the power supply unit by taking CAN communication as a communication channel, and transmits the data to the distribution automation master station through wireless communication or Ethernet communication. The invention has strong expandability, high reliability of information transmission and low time delay.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A terminal communication method of a distributed structure station based on a CAN bus is characterized in that: the station terminal comprises a power supply unit, a plurality of protection units and a comprehensive communication unit; the comprehensive communication unit is respectively connected with the power supply unit and the plurality of protection units through a CAN bus; the power supply unit is connected with the power transmission line; the protection units are arranged on the corresponding switches and connected with the switches; the comprehensive communication unit is connected with the power distribution automation master station;
the communication method comprises the following steps:
s1: the power supply unit converts alternating current of the power transmission line into direct current, provides a working power supply for the comprehensive communication unit and the plurality of protection units, collects voltage and current signals of the output direct current and uploads the voltage and current signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus;
s2: the protection unit collects the voltage, the current and the switch signal of the corresponding switch and uploads the signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus;
s3: the comprehensive communication unit receives signals uploaded by the power supply unit and each protection unit through the CAN bus and uploads the received signals to the distribution automation master station;
s4: the distribution automation master station issues a remote control instruction to a corresponding protection unit through the comprehensive communication unit;
s5: and the corresponding protection unit receives the remote control instruction of the comprehensive communication unit and controls the corresponding switch on-off switch.
2. The CAN-bus-based distributed substation terminal communication method according to claim 1, wherein: the integrated communication unit and the power distribution automation master station communicate through Ethernet or wirelessly.
3. The CAN-bus-based distributed substation terminal communication method according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply unit comprises a full-bridge rectification circuit, a single-ended flyback voltage reduction circuit, a backup power supply management circuit, a control protection circuit, a power supply output acquisition circuit and a CAN communication module;
the full-bridge rectification circuit, the single-end flyback voltage reduction circuit and the backup power supply management circuit are sequentially connected;
the control protection circuit is respectively connected with the full-bridge rectification circuit, the single-ended flyback voltage reduction circuit, the backup power management circuit, the power output acquisition circuit and the CAN communication module;
the input end of the full-bridge rectifying circuit is connected with the power transmission line; the power output acquisition circuit is connected with the output end of the backup power management circuit;
the full-bridge rectification circuit is used for converting alternating current of the power transmission line into high-voltage direct current and then connecting the high-voltage direct current to the single-ended flyback voltage reduction circuit; the single-ended flyback buck circuit is used for stepping down the high-voltage direct current and then is connected to the backup power management circuit;
the backup power management circuit controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery or the super capacitor and outputs direct current to the comprehensive communication unit and the protection unit to provide working power;
the power supply output acquisition circuit is used for acquiring the voltage and current of the direct current output by the backup power supply management circuit and outputting an acquired voltage and current signal to the control protection circuit;
the control protection circuit is used for reading voltage and current signals of the power output acquisition circuit, controlling and protecting the output of the power unit, and uploading the read voltage and current signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN communication module.
4. The CAN-bus-based distributed substation terminal communication method according to claim 1, wherein: the protection unit comprises a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a remote signaling module, a data acquisition processing module, a CAN bus communication module and a remote control module;
the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module, the remote signaling module, the CAN bus communication module and the remote control module are respectively connected with the data acquisition and processing module;
the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring three-phase voltage signals of the switch and transmitting the acquired three-phase voltage signals to the data acquisition and processing module;
the current acquisition module is used for acquiring three-phase current signals of the switch and transmitting the acquired three-phase current signals to the data acquisition and processing module;
the remote signaling module is used for acquiring a switch position signal and transmitting the acquired switch position signal to the data acquisition and processing module; the data acquisition processing module is used for acquiring signals transmitted by the voltage acquisition module, the current acquisition module and the remote signaling module, transmitting the acquired signals to the comprehensive communication unit through the CAN bus communication module, receiving a remote control command issued by the comprehensive communication unit and transmitting the remote control command to the remote control module;
the CAN bus communication module is used for uploading signals acquired by the data acquisition processing module to the comprehensive communication unit and transmitting remote control instructions issued by the comprehensive communication unit to the data acquisition processing module;
and the remote control module is used for controlling the corresponding switch on-off of the remote control instruction according to the transmission of the data acquisition and processing module.
5. The CAN-bus-based distributed substation terminal communication method according to claim 1, wherein: the comprehensive communication unit comprises a processing module, a CAN communication bus, an Ethernet communication module and a wireless communication module; the CAN communication bus, the Ethernet communication module and the wireless communication module are respectively connected with the processing module; the processing module is respectively connected with the power supply unit and the plurality of protection units through the CAN communication bus; the processing module is connected with the power distribution automation main station through an Ethernet communication module or a wireless communication module.
6. The CAN-bus-based distributed substation terminal communication method according to claim 5, wherein: the integrated communication unit has a message conversion function and forwards the message according to the message frame priority levels of the 101 balance protocol and the 104 protocol.
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