CN111082205A

CN111082205A - Antenna and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111082205A
Application number: CN201911247307.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈卫; 张攀; 陈志伟
Original assignee: Huizhou TCL Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huizhou TCL Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2020-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-06
Also published as: CN111082205B

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna, which comprises a feed point, a grounding point, a loop routing and an antenna assembly, wherein a gap is formed between the grounding point and the feed point; the annular routing takes the feed point as a starting point and the grounding point as an end point, and is formed by extending according to an annular path, and the annular routing is a non-closed ring taking the gap as an opening; the antenna assembly is adapted to a plurality of communication frequency bands and formed by extending the annular routing. The invention reduces the corresponding loss caused by the introduction of the impedance matching circuit by forming the loop-shaped routing on the antenna, so that the impedance of the antenna per se can be closer to the characteristic impedance (for example, 50 ohms) of the feeder line (transmission line).

Description

Antenna and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and an electronic device.

Background

In a conventional Antenna (Antenna) design, an Antenna is connected to a Transceiver (Transceiver) in a Radio Frequency (RF) unit through a feeder, so as to receive and transmit Radio Frequency signals. Further, when the Impedance of the antenna and the feeder (transmission line) cannot be matched, the rf signal transmitted to the antenna through the feeder excites an echo in a direction opposite to the incident direction, forming a Return Loss (RL) to reduce the transmission power, so that an Impedance matching circuit (Impedance matching circuit) is usually additionally added between the antenna and the feeder to enable the Impedance of the antenna to be close to the characteristic Impedance (50 ohms) of the feeder, so as to obtain a smaller Return Loss and improve the efficiency of the antenna. However, the impedance matching circuit is composed of a plurality of capacitors with capacitive reactance and a plurality of inductors with inductive reactance, which also cause corresponding (e.g. current) loss when introduced.

In addition, as the communication frequency band that can be supported by the antenna is higher and higher, the conventional antenna generally has a low frequency antenna branch, an intermediate frequency antenna branch, and a high frequency antenna branch to realize wireless communication in multiple communication frequency bands. However, as the functions of the terminal system increase, the space that the antenna can use in the terminal system is gradually limited, so that the resonant branch traces on the antenna must be close to each other, which causes the resonant branch traces to be affected by each other, and the performance of the antenna is limited, which is a problem often encountered in the debugging process.

Therefore, in order to match the impedances of the antenna and the feeder and avoid the mutual influence between the resonant branch lines of the antenna, it is necessary to provide an antenna and an electronic device to solve the problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an antenna and electronic equipment, so as to realize impedance matching between the antenna and a feeder line.

To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an antenna, including:

a feed point;

a ground point having a gap therebetween;

the annular routing takes the feed point as a starting point and the grounding point as an end point, and is formed by extending according to an annular path, and the annular routing is a non-closed ring taking the gap as an opening; and

and the antenna assembly is adapted to a plurality of communication frequency bands and formed by extending the annular routing.

Further, the loop-shaped trace includes:

a feeding trace extending from the feeding point along a first direction;

the first short-side routing is connected with the feed routing and extends along a second direction from the connection position of the feed routing and the first short-side routing;

a long-side trace which is connected with the first short-side trace and extends along the direction opposite to the first direction from the connection position of the first short-side trace and the long-side trace;

a second short-side trace which is connected with the long-side trace and extends along the direction opposite to the second direction from the connection position of the long-side trace and the second short-side trace; and

and the grounding routing is connected with the second short-edge routing and extends along the direction of the first direction from the connection position of the second short-edge routing and the grounding routing.

Further, at least one of the feed trace and the ground trace has a trace width of 1.5 mm to 2 mm.

Further, the width of the long-side wire is 2 mm to 3 mm.

Further, the antenna assembly includes:

a first antenna element formed extending from a first side edge of the loop trace;

a second antenna element formed extending from a second side of the loop trace, the second side being opposite to the first side; and

a third antenna element formed extending from a second side of the loop trace,

wherein the first antenna element has a length greater than a length of the second antenna element, the second antenna element has a length greater than a length of the third antenna element,

wherein the antenna component is formed on at least one of a top surface and an end surface of the antenna, and the end surface and the top surface form an included angle which is not zero.

Further, the first antenna element extends from the first side edge of the loop-shaped trace in a direction away from the first side edge, and at least part of the trace of the first antenna element is located on the top surface of the antenna.

Further, the antenna assembly further includes:

and an antenna branch connected to the first antenna element for enhancing antenna efficiency and bandwidth, the antenna branch extending from the first antenna element on a top surface of the antenna and formed on an end surface of the antenna.

Further, the second antenna element extends from the second side edge of the loop trace to the end surface of the antenna on the top surface of the antenna, and then the second antenna element is bent to the end surface of the antenna, at this time, the second antenna element extends to the direction of the first antenna element on the end surface of the antenna.

Furthermore, the third antenna element extends from the second side edge of the loop trace in a direction away from the second side edge, and extends toward the end surface of the antenna on the top surface of the antenna.

A second aspect of the invention provides an electronic device, comprising an antenna according to any one of the preceding claims.

According to the invention, the loop-shaped routing is formed on the antenna, so that the impedance of the antenna per se can be closer to the characteristic impedance (such as 50 ohms) of the feeder line (transmission line), the use of an additional impedance matching circuit can be reduced as much as possible, and the corresponding loss caused by the introduction of the impedance matching circuit is reduced. On the other hand, the antenna elements in the antenna component are arranged in different directions and positions of the loop-shaped routing, and are staggered with each other, so that the possibility of mutual influence is reduced, and the performance of the antenna is greatly exerted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a specific structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only, and that the word "embodiment" as used in the description of the invention is intended to serve as an example, instance, or illustration, and is not intended to limit the invention.

For convenience of description, the following embodiments are described with reference to the accompanying drawings to illustrate embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. The directional terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting. Accordingly, the directional terms used are used for explanation and understanding of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the present invention.

In a terminal system, a Radio Frequency (Radio Frequency) unit in a wireless communication device includes a Radio Frequency Front End (RFEE) for transmitting or receiving a Radio Frequency signal and an Antenna (Antenna) for converting a Radio Frequency signal in a guided wave mode into a Radio Frequency signal in a guided wave mode or converting a Radio Frequency signal in a guided wave mode into a Radio Frequency signal in a guided wave mode. Specifically, when a Transceiver (Transceiver) in the radio frequency front end transmits a radio frequency signal, the radio frequency signal is filtered and amplified by a plurality of signal processing devices, and then the processed radio frequency signal is transmitted to an antenna by a feeder (transmission line), and the radio frequency signal in a guided wave mode is converted into a radio frequency signal in a diffused wave mode that can be transmitted in a free space by the antenna, so as to complete transmission of the radio frequency signal. On the contrary, when the antenna receives the radio frequency signal in the free space, the radio frequency signal firstly converts the radio frequency signal in the dispersive wave mode into the radio frequency signal in the guided wave mode which can be transmitted in the feeder line (transmission line), and then the radio frequency signal is filtered and amplified by a plurality of signal processing devices, and the processed radio frequency signal is transmitted to the transceiver, so as to complete the reception of the radio frequency signal, wherein the plurality of signal processing devices comprise a Filter (Filter), a Power Amplifier (PA), a radio frequency Switch (Switch), a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a duplexer (Duplexers) and the like.

The invention provides an antenna and electronic equipment capable of realizing impedance matching of the antenna and a feeder line, and the antenna and the electronic equipment can further avoid mutual influence of resonance branch routing of the antenna and improve the antenna efficiency.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a diagram of an antenna structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna structure 10 includes a grounding point 11, a feeding point 12, a loop trace 13, and an antenna assembly, wherein a gap is formed between the grounding point 12 and the feeding point 11. For convenience of description, the top surface 21 of the antenna 10 and the end surface 22 of the antenna 10 in the embodiment of the present invention may be understood as a top surface of an antenna holder (not shown) and an end surface of the antenna holder, and the top surface 21 and the end surface 22 are different planes, that is, the top surface 21 and the end surface 22 form an included angle different from zero. For example, the top surface 21 faces upward, and the end surface 22 faces in the lateral direction. The top surface 21 may be perpendicular to the end surface 22, but is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the loop trace 13 is a non-closed loop formed by extending a loop path with the feeding point 11 as a starting point and the grounding point 12 as an ending point, and with the gap as an opening. In order to make the present invention clearer, the loop trace 13 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a feeding trace 131, a first short-side trace 132, a long-side trace 133, a second short-side trace 134, and a grounding trace 135, wherein the feeding trace 131 is connected to the first short-side trace 132 after extending from a feeding point 11 to a predetermined position along a first direction 31, the first short-side trace 132 extends from a connection point of the feeding trace 131 and the first short-side trace 132 to a predetermined position along a second direction 32, the long-side trace 133 is connected, the long-side trace 133 extends from a connection point of the first short-side trace 132 and the long-side trace 133 to a predetermined position along a direction opposite to the first direction 31, the long-side trace 134 is connected to the second short-side trace 134, and the second short-side trace 134 extends from a connection point of the long-side trace 133 and the second short-side trace 134 to a direction opposite to the second direction 32 After a predetermined position is reached, the ground trace 135 is connected, and the ground trace 135 extends from the connection position of the second short-side trace 134 and the ground trace 135 to the ground point along the direction of the first direction 31, so as to form the loop trace 13 of the antenna 10. It is understood that the lengths of the feed trace 131, the first short-side trace 132, the long-side trace 133, the second short-side trace 134, and the ground trace 135 can be set according to the requirement, and the invention is not limited thereto.

In the present embodiment, the first direction 31 intersects the second direction 32. For example, the first direction 31 may be perpendicular to the second direction 32, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the loop trace 13 is formed in a range of about 8 mm by 20 mm, a preferred trace width of at least one of the feed trace 131 and the ground trace 135 is 1.5 mm to 2 mm, and a preferred trace width of the long-side trace 133 is 2 mm to 3 mm. It is understood that the trace widths of the feed trace 131, the ground trace 135, and the long-side trace 133 are the preferred widths of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In this embodiment, the antenna assembly may have a plurality of resonant branch traces to adapt to a plurality of communication bands, and the antenna assembly is a trace extending from the loop trace 13. It is understood that the antenna element may also form only one resonant branch trace in one embodiment, and the invention does not specifically limit the number of resonant branch traces extending from the loop trace. In order to make the present invention clearer, the antenna assembly of the embodiment of the present invention includes a first antenna element 141, a second antenna element 142, and a third antenna element 143. For convenience of description, the first side edge (not labeled) and the second side edge (not labeled) mentioned below in the embodiments of the invention can be understood as one side of the first short edge 132 and one side of the second short edge 134 of the circular trace 13, respectively, and therefore the second side edge is opposite to the first side edge.

Further, the first antenna element 14 is a trace formed by extending from the first side of the loop antenna 13, and preferably has a length of 20 mm to 30 mm, and a width of 4 mm to 5 mm, so as to implement low frequency resonance. Specifically, the first antenna element 14 extends from the first side of the loop trace 13 in a direction away from the first side (which can also be understood as extending along the first direction 31), and most of the trace is formed on the top surface 21 of the antenna 10, and a small part of the trace is formed on the end surface 22 of the antenna 10, which is formed on the end surface 22 in order to increase the trace width of the first antenna element 14, so as to obtain a wider low-frequency bandwidth, and increase the transmission rate, processing gain, and spectrum utilization efficiency of the antenna 10 for wireless communication, so that the trace width of the first antenna element 14 on the end surface 21 can be expanded to cover the antenna support as much as possible, but does not exceed the end surface range of the antenna support.

Further, the second antenna element 142 is a trace formed by extending from the second side of the loop antenna 13, and the length thereof is preferably 20 mm to 25 mm, which can be used to realize intermediate frequency resonance. Specifically, the second antenna element 142 extends from the second side of the loop antenna 13 to the end surface 22 of the antenna (which may also be understood as extending along the second direction 32) on the top surface 21 of the antenna 10, and then the second antenna element 142 is bent to the end surface 22 of the antenna 10, where the second antenna element 142 extends to the edge on the end surface 22 of the antenna 10 in the direction of the first antenna element 141. At this time, the positions of the second antenna element 142 with most of the traces on the end surface 22 and the first antenna element 141 with most of the traces on the top surface 21 are just staggered, so that the distance between the two is increased, and the two are not easily affected with each other. In addition, in order to obtain a wide intermediate frequency bandwidth, the second antenna element 142 may be extended on the end surface 21 to cover the antenna bracket as much as possible, but not beyond the end surface of the antenna bracket.

Further, the third antenna element 143 is also a trace formed by extending from the second side of the loop trace 13, and the length thereof is preferably 10 mm, and the width thereof is preferably 2 mm to 3 mm, which can be used to implement high frequency resonance. Specifically, the third antenna element 143 extends from the second side of the loop antenna 13 in a direction away from the second side (which may also be understood as extending in a direction opposite to the first direction 31), and extends on the top surface 21 of the antenna 10 toward the end surface 22 of the antenna 10. In this case, the third antenna element 143, the first antenna element 141, and the second antenna element 142 are disposed in different directions, and have a distance therebetween, so that they are not easily affected by each other, thereby limiting the performance of the antenna 10. In the present embodiment, the third antenna element 143 is designed to realize short-wavelength high-frequency resonance, so that the length thereof is shorter than that of the first antenna element 141 realizing long wavelength and that of the second antenna element 142 realizing medium wavelength, and therefore, if the space on the top surface of the antenna bracket is sufficient, the third antenna element 143 may be wired on the top surface 21 of the antenna 10.

In one embodiment, in order to maximize the utilization of the space on the antenna support, the antenna 10 further includes an antenna branch 1411 for enhancing the efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna 10, wherein the antenna branch 1411 extends from the first antenna element 141 on the top surface 21 of the antenna 10 and is formed on the end surface 22 of the antenna 10, which has the effect of enhancing the efficiency of the antenna 10 and increasing the bandwidth of the low frequency resonance.

In summary, the first antenna element 141 can be used in a low frequency communication band of 700MHz to 960MHz, the second antenna element 15 can be used in a medium frequency communication band of 1.7GHz to 2.1GHz, and the third antenna element 16 can be used in a high frequency communication band of 2.3GHz to 2.7 GHz. That is, the length of the first antenna element 141 is greater than the length of the second antenna element 142, and the length of the second antenna element 142 is greater than the length of the third antenna element 143.

By the antenna 10 of the above embodiment, the antenna performance of the electronic device can be further improved.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a specific structural block diagram of an electronic device 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the electronic device 40 may be a smart phone or a tablet computer. The above-mentioned antenna 10 is disposed in the electronic device 40, and is used for realizing communication in multiple communication frequency bands.

The electronic device 40 may include RF (Radio Frequency) circuitry 401, a memory 402 including one or more computer-readable storage media (only one shown), an input unit 403, a display unit 404, a sensor 405, audio circuitry 406, a transmission module 407, a processor 408 including one or more processing cores (only one shown), and a power supply 409. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration of electronic device 40 shown in fig. 2 does not constitute a limitation of electronic device 40 and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components. Wherein:

the RF circuit 401 is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves, and implementing interconversion between the electromagnetic waves and electrical signals, thereby communicating with a communication network or other devices. RF circuitry 401 may include various existing circuit elements for performing these functions, such as an antenna, a radio frequency transceiver, a digital signal processor, an encryption/decryption chip, a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. The RF circuit 401 may communicate with various networks such as the internet, an intranet, a wireless network, or with other devices over a wireless network. The wireless network may comprise a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network, or a metropolitan area network. The Wireless network may use various Communication standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Enhanced Mobile Communication (EDGE), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE802.11 a, IEEE802.11 b, IEEE802.1 g and/or IEEE802.1 n), Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), world wide Internet Protocol (Microwave Access for Wireless communications, Wi-Max), and other short message protocols, as well as any other suitable communication protocols, and may even include those that have not yet been developed.

The memory 402 may be used for storing software programs and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the method and system for quickly selecting electronic device 40, and the processor 408 executes various functional applications and data processing by executing the software programs and modules stored in the memory 402, i.e., implementing the functions quickly selected by the electronic device. The memory 402 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 402 may further include memory located remotely from the processor 408, which may be connected to the electronic device 40 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

The input unit 403 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal inputs related to user settings and function control. In particular, the input unit 403 may include a touch-sensitive surface 4031 as well as other input devices 4032. Touch-sensitive surface 4031, also referred to as a touch display screen or touchpad, may collect user touch operations on or near it (e.g., user operations on or near touch-sensitive surface 4031 using a finger, stylus, or any other suitable object or attachment) and drive the corresponding connected devices according to a predetermined program. Alternatively, touch-sensitive surface 4031 may include both touch detection devices and touch controllers. The touch detection device detects the touch direction of a user, detects a signal brought by touch operation and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives touch information from the touch sensing device, converts it to touch point coordinates, and sends the touch point coordinates to the processor 408, and can receive and execute commands from the processor 408. Additionally, the touch-sensitive surface 4031 may be implemented with various types of resistive, capacitive, infrared, and surface acoustic waves. The input unit 403 may include other input devices 4032 in addition to the touch-sensitive surface 4031. In particular, other input devices 4032 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and the like.

The display unit 404 may be used to display information input by or provided to the user as well as various graphical user interfaces of the electronic device 40, which may be made up of graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof. The Display unit 404 may include a Display panel 4041, and optionally, the Display panel 4041 may be configured in the form of an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), or the like. Further, the touch-sensitive surface 4031 may overlay the display panel 4041 and, when a touch operation is detected on or near the touch-sensitive surface 4031, communicate to the processor 408 to determine the type of touch event, and the processor 408 then provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel 4041 in accordance with the type of touch event. Although in FIG. 2, touch-sensitive surface 4031 and display panel 4041 are shown as two separate components to implement input and output functions, in some embodiments, touch-sensitive surface 4031 may be integrated with display panel 441 to implement input and output functions.

The electronic device 40 may also include at least one sensor 405, such as a light sensor, motion sensor, and other sensors. Specifically, the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor that may adjust the brightness of the display panel 4041 according to the brightness of ambient light, and a proximity sensor that may turn off the display panel 4041 and/or the backlight when the electronic device 40 is moved to the ear. As one of the motion sensors, the gravity acceleration sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in each direction (generally, three axes), can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when the mobile phone is stationary, and can be used for applications of recognizing the posture of the mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related games, magnetometer posture calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer and tapping), and the like; as for other sensors such as a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, and an infrared sensor, which are also configured to the electronic device 40, detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

The audio circuitry 406, speaker 4061, microphone 4062 may provide an audio interface between the user and the electronic device 40. The audio circuit 406 may transmit the electrical signal converted from the received audio data to the speaker 4061, and convert the electrical signal into a sound signal by the speaker 4061 and output the sound signal; on the other hand, the microphone 4062 converts the collected sound signal into an electric signal, which is received by the audio circuit 406 and converted into audio data, which is then processed by the audio data output processor 408 and then transmitted to, for example, another terminal via the RF circuit 401, or the audio data is output to the memory 402 for further processing. The audio circuitry 406 may also include an earbud jack to provide communication of peripheral headphones with the electronic device 40.

The electronic device 40, through the transport module 407 (e.g., Wi-Fi module), may assist the user in sending and receiving e-mail, browsing web pages, accessing streaming media, etc., which provides wireless broadband internet access to the user. Although fig. 2 shows the transmission module 407, it is understood that it does not belong to the essential constitution of the electronic device 40, and may be omitted entirely as needed within a scope not changing the essence of the invention.

The processor 408 is a control center of the electronic device 40, connects various parts of the entire cellular phone using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the electronic device 40 and processes data by operating or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 402 and calling data stored in the memory 402, thereby monitoring the cellular phone as a whole. Optionally, processor 408 may include one or more processing cores; in some embodiments, processor 408 may integrate an application processor that handles primarily operating systems, user interfaces, applications, etc. and a modem processor that handles primarily wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into the processor 408.

The electronic device 40 also includes a power source 409 (e.g., a battery) for powering the various components, which may be logically coupled to the processor 408 via a power management system in some embodiments to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption management functions via the power management system. The power supply 409 may also include any component of one or more dc or ac power sources, recharging systems, power failure detection circuitry, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, and the like.

Although not shown, the electronic device 40 may further include a camera (e.g., a front camera, a rear camera), a bluetooth module, and the like, which are not described in detail herein.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and that various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising:

a feed point;

a ground point having a gap therebetween;

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the loop trace comprises:

a feeding trace extending from the feeding point along a first direction;

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein: the width of at least one of the feed trace and the ground trace is 1.5 mm to 2 mm.

4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein: the width of the long-side wiring is 2-3 mm.

5. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the antenna assembly comprises:

a third antenna element formed extending from a second side of the loop trace,

6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein: the first antenna element extends from the first side edge of the loop-shaped routing and along the direction departing from the first side edge, and at least part of the routing of the first antenna element is positioned on the top surface of the antenna.

7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the antenna assembly further comprises:

8. The antenna of claim 5, wherein: the second antenna element extends from the second side edge of the loop trace to the end face of the antenna on the top face of the antenna, and then the second antenna element is bent to the end face of the antenna, and at this time, the second antenna element extends to the direction of the first antenna element on the end face of the antenna.

9. The antenna of claim 5, wherein: the third antenna element extends from the second side edge of the annular routing towards the direction deviating from the second side edge, and extends towards the end face of the antenna on the top surface of the antenna.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises an antenna according to any of claims 1-9.