CN111080783A - Patch type three-dimensional modeling method for Krigin fitting of engineering geology - Google Patents
Patch type three-dimensional modeling method for Krigin fitting of engineering geology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of engineering modeling, and provides an engineering geology kriging fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling method, which comprises the following steps: step S10: determining a known point and forming a known top surface; step S20: calculating the height from an unknown point to a reference surface in the range according to the known point by adopting a kriging interpolation fitting method; step S30: adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain a coordinate value of the unknown point after fitting; step S40: forming a bottom surface of the geologic body and a triangular prism by using the coordinates of the known points and the fitted coordinates of the unknown points; the method has the advantages that the triangular prisms are formed according to the coordinates and the top surface of the unknown point, then the triangular prisms are combined, so that the complete engineering geologic body is obtained, the risks of errors and shearing failure generated in the shearing process can be effectively reduced by using the combined triangular prisms, the modeling efficiency is improved, the method is more suitable for realizing automatic three-dimensional modeling, and the social and economic benefits are obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering modeling, and particularly relates to a fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling method for engineering geology Kriging.
Background
Three-dimensional models are polygonal representations of objects, typically displayed by a computer or other video device. The displayed object may be a real-world entity or a fictional object. Anything that exists in physical nature can be represented by a three-dimensional model, which is often generated using specialized software such as a three-dimensional modeling tool, but can be generated in other ways. The three-dimensional model may be generated manually or according to a certain algorithm as data of points and other information sets. Although usually present in a virtual manner in a computer or computer file, similar models described on paper can also be considered as three-dimensional models. Three-dimensional models are used broadly wherever three-dimensional graphics are used.
At present, the following modes are mainly adopted in the three-dimensional geological modeling process of railway engineering: firstly, constructing a linear engineering three-dimensional geological model by using a tensile volume element; secondly, constructing a three-dimensional geologic body model by using the triangular prism as a basic voxel; and thirdly, fitting the three-dimensional ground surface by using kriging, and then obtaining the voxel by a layer-by-layer sectioning method.
In the third method, the method of sectioning layer by layer is greatly influenced by boolean operation, so that sectioning failure caused by errors is easily caused, and the speed is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a kriging fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling method for engineering geology, and aims to solve the problems that a layer-by-layer sectioning method is greatly influenced by Boolean operation, errors are easy to occur to cause sectioning failure, and the speed is low.
The invention is realized in such a way that a fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling method for the Kriging of engineering geology comprises the following steps:
step S10: determining a known point and forming a known top surface;
step S20: calculating the height from an unknown point to a reference surface in the range according to the known point by adopting a kriging interpolation fitting method;
step S30: adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain a coordinate value of the unknown point after fitting;
step S40: forming a bottom surface of the geologic body and a triangular prism by using the coordinates of the known points and the fitted coordinates of the unknown points;
step S50: all the obtained triangular prisms are combined to obtain the complete geologic body of the layer.
Preferably, the step S10 includes obtaining bottom coordinates of the exploration hole to be used for creating the geological body, calculating the height from the bottom node to the reference plane, and using the X, Y value of the bottom coordinates and the height from the bottom coordinates to the reference plane to form a known point.
Preferably, the step S20 further includes the steps of:
step S1, automatically fitting an original three-dimensional terrain and a geological curved surface according to the known hash point-line characteristics;
s2, correcting the original three-dimensional terrain and the geological curved surface by using a high-precision characteristic line;
and step S3, predicting the three-dimensional coordinates of the grid points according to the Gaussian process regression model, and interpolating the grid points in the corrected original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface to obtain the heights of the unknown points.
Preferably, the plurality of coordinates of the unknown point calculated in step S30 are provided, and each of the plurality of coordinates corresponds to a plurality of triangular prisms.
Preferably, the triangular prism in step S40 is formed by each triangular surface of the bottom surface of the geologic body and a corresponding triangular surface of the top surface of the geologic body.
Preferably, in step S50, adjacent triangular prism stabilizing side surfaces of the plurality of triangular prisms are combined.
Preferably, after the plurality of triangular prisms are combined, the bottom layer and the top layer of the plurality of triangular prisms are combined to form the ground plane and the bottom plane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the kriging fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling method for the engineering geology, disclosed by the invention, the unknown point coordinates are calculated by utilizing a kriging interpolation fitting method, the triangular prism is formed according to the unknown point coordinates and the top surface, then a plurality of triangular prisms are combined to obtain the complete engineering geologic body, and by utilizing the combination and use of the triangular prisms, the risks of errors and shearing failure generated in the shearing process can be effectively reduced, so that the modeling efficiency is improved, the method is more suitable for realizing automatic three-dimensional modeling, and has obvious social and economic benefits.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a patch type three-dimensional modeling method for engineering geology kriging fitting comprises the following steps:
step S10: determining a known point and forming a known top surface;
step S20: calculating the height from an unknown point to a reference surface in the range according to the known point by adopting a kriging interpolation fitting method;
step S30: adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain a coordinate value of the unknown point after fitting;
step S40: forming a bottom surface of the geologic body and a triangular prism by using the coordinates of the known points and the fitted coordinates of the unknown points;
step S50: all the obtained triangular prisms are combined to obtain the complete geologic body of the layer.
In the embodiment, the top surface of the geologic body within a range is determined according to the boundary range of the geologic body, then the bottom coordinates of an exploration hole position of the geologic body to be established are obtained, the height from a bottom node to a reference surface is calculated, a known point is formed by utilizing the X, Y value of the bottom coordinates and the height from the bottom coordinates to the reference surface, and the height from an unknown point to the reference surface within the range is calculated according to the known point by adopting a Krigin interpolation fitting method; the height of an unknown point is obtained in the formula calculation, the coordinate value after fitting of the unknown point can be obtained by adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate, the coordinate of the known point and the coordinate after fitting of the unknown point are utilized to form the bottom surface of the geologic body, then each triangular surface of the bottom surface of the geologic body and the corresponding triangular surface of the top surface of the geologic body form a triangular prism, all the obtained triangular prisms are combined to obtain the complete geologic body of the layer, the side surfaces between every two adjacent triangular prisms are mutually combined in the process of combining the triangular prisms, when all the triangular prisms are combined, a polyhedron is formed, the polyhedron is the engineering geologic body, and then in the process of combining the triangular prisms, the bottom layers of the triangular prisms are combined to form the bottom surface of the engineering geologic body, and the top layers of the triangular prisms are mutually combined to form the top surface of the engineering geologic body.
Further, step S10 includes obtaining the bottom coordinates of the exploration hole to be established, calculating the height from the bottom node to the reference plane, and forming a known point by using the X, Y value of the bottom coordinates and the height from the bottom coordinates to the reference plane.
In the present embodiment, the coordinates of the known points can be smoothly formed by using the X and Y values in the bottom layer coordinates in combination with the height of the reference surface, and the top surface can be smoothly formed by using the coordinates of a plurality of known points.
Further, step S20 includes the following steps:
step S1, automatically fitting an original three-dimensional terrain and a geological curved surface according to the known hash point-line characteristics;
s2, correcting the original three-dimensional terrain and the geological curved surface by using the high-precision characteristic line;
and step S3, predicting the three-dimensional coordinates of the grid points according to the Gaussian process regression model, and interpolating the grid points in the corrected original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface to obtain the heights of the unknown points.
In this embodiment, the known hash point line feature includes a three-dimensional coordinate set (x) of the known hash point linei,yi,zi),i＝1...m。
Preferably, in step S2, the three-dimensional coordinate set (x) is determined from the corrected dot linei,yi,Δzi) I 1.. m corrects the original three-dimensional terrain and/or geological curved surface, and the value of delta Z is the height difference from a correction point line to an existing surface.
Preferably, step S3 includes:
s31, introducing a regression model F and a random function Z, wherein the regression model F and the random function Z meet the conditions shown in the following formulas (1) and (2):
F(β:,l,x)＝β1f1(x)+...+βnfn(x)
＝[f1(x)+...+fn(x)]β:
＝f(x)Tβ:(2)；
wherein,
calculating the result by using a regression model F; f. ofn(x) Is the nth variable function value; f (x)TIs [ f ]1(x)+...+fn(x)]Becomes a mathematical representation of the column vector βkThe } is a regression parameter; the random function Z has a mean value of 0 and the covariance satisfies the condition shown in the following equation (3):
E[Z(w)Z(x)]＝σ2R(θ,w,x) (3)；
wherein, Var [ Z (x)]＝σ2(ii) a R (theta, w, x) is a Gaussian kernel function, w and x represent two different variables, and theta is a self-defined parameter of the Gaussian kernel function;
s32, establishing a prediction model
And an error equation shown in the following equation (4) is obtained:
and F ═ F(s)1)...f(sm)]T；Z＝[z1...zm]TIs a row vector [ Z1(x)...Zn(x)]A mathematical representation of (a); f (x) ═ FTc(x)；c(x)TExpressing a plurality of results of the function c (x), wherein Y is F β + Z and is a calculation result of the regression model F;
s33, calculating to obtain the variance of the formula (4), wherein the variance satisfies the condition shown in the following formula (5):
wherein R isij＝R(θ,si,sj),i,j＝1...m,r(x)＝[R(θ,s1,x)...R(θ,sm,x)]T，si,sjThe ith variable and the jth variable are respectively; y (x) is the true value for the sample variable x,
is a predicted value;
s34, solving the problem of c (x) to F (x) F according to the prediction variance minimization principleTc (x) extremizing equation (5) under constraint conditions to obtain the Lagrange multiplier
And isSatisfies the condition shown in the following formula (6); (6);
and the predicted expected variance is obtained as shown in the following equation (7):
s35, obtaining c (x) by calculation according to the following formula (8), and interpolating grid point coordinate values in the corrected original three-dimensional terrain and/or geological surface according to c (x) to obtain the height of the unknown point:
(8)。
c(x)＝R-1(r(x)-Fλ)
preferably, before the step S31 is implemented, the method further includes:
s30a, decomposing the m sample point line data into a plane coordinate set S [ S ]1...si...sm]T,si∈IRnAnd the elevation set Y ═ Y1...yi...ym]T,yi∈IR；
S30b, standardizing S and Y according to the following formulas (9) and (10) to make the S and Y conform to standard normal distribution;
u[S:,j]＝0；V[S:,j,S:,j]＝1；j＝1,...,n； (9)；
u[Y:]＝0；V[Y:,Y:]＝1； (10)；
wherein u [ ] and V [, ] represent mean and covariance, respectively.
Further, the coordinates of the unknown points calculated in step S30 are provided in plural numbers and correspond to the plural triangular prisms, respectively.
In the embodiment, during the use process, the left sides of a plurality of unknown points can be calculated by using a kriging interpolation fitting method, a plurality of indirect triangular prisms can be formed according to the coordinates of the unknown points, and the plurality of triangular prisms are combined, so that a finished geologic body is obtained.
Further, in step S50, merging adjacent triangular prism stabilizing side surfaces of the plurality of triangular prisms; after the plurality of triangular prisms are combined, the bottom and top layers of the plurality of triangular prisms are combined to form the ground and bottom surfaces.
In this embodiment, the side surfaces between each adjacent triangular prism merge with each other, and after all the triangular prisms merge, a polyhedron is formed, and this polyhedron is the engineered geological body, and secondly, in the merging of a plurality of triangular prisms, the bottom layers of a plurality of triangular prisms merge to form the bottom surface of the engineered geological body, and the top layers of a plurality of triangular prisms merge with each other to form the top surface of the engineered geological body.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A surface mount type three-dimensional modeling method for Krigin fitting of engineering geology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S10: determining a known point and forming a known top surface;
step S20: calculating the height from an unknown point to a reference surface in the range according to the known point by adopting a kriging interpolation fitting method;
step S30: adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain a coordinate value of the unknown point after fitting;
step S40: forming a bottom surface of the geologic body and a triangular prism by using the coordinates of the known points and the fitted coordinates of the unknown points;
step S50: all the obtained triangular prisms are combined to obtain the complete geologic body of the layer.
2. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S10 includes obtaining the bottom coordinates of the exploration hole site needing to establish the geologic body, calculating the height from the bottom node to the reference surface, and forming a known point by using the X, Y value of the bottom coordinates and the height from the bottom coordinates to the reference surface.
3. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S20 further includes the steps of:
step S1, automatically fitting an original three-dimensional terrain and a geological curved surface according to the known hash point-line characteristics;
s2, correcting the original three-dimensional terrain and the geological curved surface by using a high-precision characteristic line;
and step S3, predicting the three-dimensional coordinates of the grid points according to the Gaussian process regression model, and interpolating the grid points in the corrected original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface to obtain the heights of the unknown points.
4. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coordinates of the unknown points calculated in step S30 are provided in plural numbers, and correspond to the plural triangular prisms, respectively.
5. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the triangular prism in step S40 is formed by each triangular surface of the bottom surface of the geologic body and the corresponding triangular surface of the top surface of the geologic body.
6. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S50, the stabilizing side surfaces of adjacent triangular prisms are combined.
7. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology of claim 6, wherein: after the plurality of triangular prisms are combined, the bottom and top layers of the plurality of triangular prisms are combined to form the ground and bottom surfaces.
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| CN110060342A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-07-26 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | A kind of three-dimension curved surface approximating method |
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| 于凤树;吕凤华;刘宝华;李志刚;刘玉;宫丽玮;: "基于BIM技术地质体三维模型构建关键技术的研究", 工程勘察 * |
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