CN111080783A - A patch-type 3D modeling method for engineering geology kriging fitting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of engineering modeling, and provides an engineering geology kriging fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling method, which comprises the following steps: step S10: determining a known point and forming a known top surface; step S20: calculating the height from an unknown point to a reference surface in the range according to the known point by adopting a kriging interpolation fitting method; step S30: adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain a coordinate value of the unknown point after fitting; step S40: forming a bottom surface of the geologic body and a triangular prism by using the coordinates of the known points and the fitted coordinates of the unknown points; the method has the advantages that the triangular prisms are formed according to the coordinates and the top surface of the unknown point, then the triangular prisms are combined, so that the complete engineering geologic body is obtained, the risks of errors and shearing failure generated in the shearing process can be effectively reduced by using the combined triangular prisms, the modeling efficiency is improved, the method is more suitable for realizing automatic three-dimensional modeling, and the social and economic benefits are obvious.

Description

A patch-type 3D modeling method for engineering geology kriging fitting

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering modeling, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional modeling method of engineering geological kriging fitting patch type.

Background technique

A 3D model is a polygonal representation of an object, usually displayed on a computer or other video device. The displayed objects can be real-world entities or fictitious objects. Anything that exists in physical nature can be represented by a 3D model. 3D models are often generated by specialized software such as 3D modeling tools, but can also be generated by other methods. As the data of points and other information sets, the 3D model can be generated manually or according to a certain algorithm. Similar models described on paper can also be considered three-dimensional models, although they usually exist virtually in a computer or computer file. 3D models are widely used anywhere 3D graphics are used.

At present, there are mainly the following methods in the process of 3D geological modeling of railway engineering: 1. Constructing linear engineering 3D geological model by using stretched voxels; 2. Using triangular prisms as basic voxels to construct 3D geological model; After kriging fits the 3D stratigraphic plane, voxels are obtained by layer-by-layer sectioning.

In the third method mentioned above, the method of layer-by-layer sectioning is greatly affected by Boolean operations, which is prone to errors and causes sectioning failure, and the speed is slow.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a patch-type three-dimensional modeling method for engineering geological kriging, which aims to solve the problem that the layer-by-layer sectioning method is greatly affected by Boolean operations, is prone to errors and causes sectioning failure, and has a slow speed. question.

The present invention is realized in this way, a kind of engineering geological kriging fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling method, comprising the following steps:

Step S10: determine a known point and form a known top surface;

Step S20: using the kriging interpolation fitting method, according to the known points, calculate the height from the unknown point within the range to the reference surface;

Step S30: adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain the fitted coordinate value of the unknown point;

Step S40: forming the bottom surface of the geological body and the triangular prism by using the coordinates of the known point and the coordinates after fitting of the unknown point;

Step S50: Combine all the obtained triangular prisms to obtain a complete geological body of this layer.

Preferably, the step S10 includes acquiring the bottom coordinates of the exploration holes where the geological body needs to be established, and calculating the height of the bottom node to the reference plane, and using the X and Y values of the bottom coordinates and the bottom coordinates to the reference plane The high composition of known points.

Preferably, the step S20 further includes the following steps:

Step S1, automatically fitting the original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface according to the known hash point and line features;

Step S2, using high-precision feature lines to correct the original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface;

Step S3, predicting the three-dimensional coordinates of the grid points according to the Gaussian process regression model, and interpolating the grid points in the modified original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface to obtain the height of the unknown point.

Preferably, there are multiple coordinates of the unknown point calculated in the step S30, which correspond to multiple triangular prisms respectively.

Preferably, the triangular prism in the step S40 is formed by combining each triangular surface of the bottom surface of the geological body with the corresponding triangular surface of the top surface of the geological body.

Preferably, in step S50, among the plurality of triangular prisms, the stable sides of adjacent triangular prisms are merged.

Preferably, after the multiple triangular prisms are combined, the bottom layer and the top layer of the multiple triangular prisms are combined to form the ground and the bottom surface.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the Kriging fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling method for engineering geology of the present invention utilizes the kriging interpolation fitting method to calculate the coordinates of unknown points, And form triangular prisms according to the coordinates and top surfaces of unknown points, and then merge multiple triangular prisms to obtain a complete engineering geological body. The combined use of triangular prisms can effectively reduce errors and shearing generated in the shearing process. The risk of failure is improved, and the modeling efficiency is improved, and the method is more suitable for automatic 3D modeling, which has obvious social and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram of the present invention;

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for engineering geology kriging fitting patch type three-dimensional modeling, comprising the following steps:

Step S10: determine a known point and form a known top surface;

Step S20: using the kriging interpolation fitting method, according to the known points, calculate the height from the unknown point within the range to the reference surface;

Step S30: adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain the fitted coordinate value of the unknown point;

Step S40: forming the bottom surface of the geological body and the triangular prism by using the coordinates of the known point and the coordinates after fitting of the unknown point;

Step S50: Combine all the obtained triangular prisms to obtain a complete geological body of this layer.

In this embodiment, the top surface of the geological body within the range is first determined according to the boundary range of the geological body, and then the bottom coordinates of the exploration holes where the geological body needs to be established are obtained, and the height from the bottom node to the reference plane is calculated, and the bottom layer is used. The X and Y values of the coordinates and the height of the bottom coordinate to the reference surface form a known point, and the Kriging interpolation fitting method is used to calculate the height from the unknown point within the range to the reference surface according to the known point; in the above formula The height of the unknown point has been obtained in the calculation. Add the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain the coordinate value of the unknown point after fitting, and use the coordinates of the known point and the fitted coordinates of the unknown point to form a geological body The bottom surface, then each triangular surface of the bottom surface of the geological body and the corresponding triangular surface of the top surface of the geological body form a triangular prism, and all the obtained triangular prisms are merged to obtain the complete geological body of this layer. In the process of merging the triangular prisms, each The sides between two adjacent triangular prisms are merged with each other. When all the triangular prisms are merged, a polyhedron is formed, and the polyhedron is an engineering geological body. Secondly, in the merging of multiple triangular prisms, the bottom layers of multiple triangular prisms are merged. The bottom surface of the engineering geological body is formed, and the top layers of the plurality of triangular prisms are merged with each other to form the top surface of the engineering geological body.

Further, step S10 includes acquiring the bottom coordinates of the exploration hole location where the geological body needs to be established, and calculating the height of the bottom node to the reference plane, and using the X and Y values of the bottom coordinates and the height of the bottom coordinates to the reference plane. Form known points.

In this embodiment, the X and Y values in the bottom layer coordinates are used in combination with the height of the reference plane, and the three values of the three values can be combined with each other, so that the coordinates of the known points can be smoothly made, and the coordinates of the known points can be formed by using a number of known points. Knowing the stable coordinates of the point can smoothly support the formation of the top surface.

Further, step S20 also includes the following steps:

Step S1, automatically fitting the original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface according to the known hash point and line features;

Step S2, using high-precision feature lines to correct the original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface;

Step S3, predicting the three-dimensional coordinates of the grid points according to the Gaussian process regression model, and interpolating the grid points in the modified original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface to obtain the height of the unknown point.

In this embodiment, the known hash point line feature includes a three-dimensional coordinate set (x _i , y _i , z _i ) of the known hash point line, i=1...m.

Preferably, in step S2, the original three-dimensional terrain and/or geological surface is corrected according to the three-dimensional coordinate set (x _i , y _i , Δzi ) of the corrected point line, _i =1...m, and the value of ΔZ is corrected The height difference between the dotted line and the existing surface.

Preferably, step S3 includes:

S31. Introduce regression model F and random function Z, and regression model F and random function Z satisfy the conditions shown in the following formulas (1) and (2):

F(β _:,l ,x)=β ₁ f ₁ (x)+...+β _n f _n (x)

=[f ₁ (x)+...+f _n (x)]β _:

=f(x) ^T β _: (2);

为利用回归模型F计算结果；f_n(x)为第n个变量函数值；f(x)^T为[f₁(x)+...+f_n(x)]变成列向量的数学表示；{β_k}为回归参数；随机函数Z均值为0，且协方差满足下述公式(3)所示条件：in,

In order to use the regression model F to calculate the result; f _n (x) is the nth variable function value; f(x) ^T is the mathematics of [f ₁ (x)+...+f _n (x)] into a column vector represents; {β _k } is the regression parameter; the mean value of the random function Z is 0, and the covariance satisfies the conditions shown in the following formula (3):

E[Z(w)Z(x)]=σ ² R(θ,w,x) (3);

Wherein, Var[Z(x)]=σ ² ; R(θ, w, x) is a Gaussian kernel function, and w, x represent two different variables, and θ is a self-defined parameter of the Gaussian kernel function;

且获得下述公式(4)所示误差方程：S32. Establish a prediction model

And the error equation shown in the following formula (4) is obtained:

and F=[f(s ₁ )...f(s _m )] ^T ; Z=[z ₁ ...z _m ] ^T , is the row vector [Z ₁ (x)...Z _n (x) ] mathematical representation; f(x)=F ^T c(x); c(x) ^T represents multiple results of the function c(x); Y=Fβ+Z, which is the calculation result of the regression model F;

S33, calculate and obtain the variance of formula (4), and the variance satisfies the conditions shown in the following formula (5):

为预测值；where R _ij =R(θ,s _i ,s _j ),i,j=1...m,r(x)=[R(θ,s ₁ ,x)...R(θ,s _m ,x)] ^T , s _i , s _j are the ith variable and the jth variable respectively; y(x) is the true value corresponding to the sample variable x,

is the predicted value;

且满足下述公式(6)所示条件； (6)；S34. According to the principle of minimum prediction variance, the solution problem of c(x) is transformed into the extreme value of formula (5) under the constraint condition of f(x)=F ^T c(x) to obtain the Lagrange multiplier

and Meet the conditions shown in the following formula (6); (6);

And the expected variance of prediction is obtained as shown in the following formula (7):

S35, calculate and obtain c(x) according to the following formula (8), and interpolate the coordinate values of grid points in the modified original three-dimensional terrain and/or geological surface according to c(x) to obtain the height of the unknown point:

(8).

c(x)=R ^-1 (r(x)-Fλ)

Preferably, before step S31 is implemented, it further includes:

S30a, decompose the m sample point line data into a plane coordinate set S=[s ₁ ... s _i ... s _m ] ^T , s _i ∈IR ⁿ and an elevation set Y=[y ₁ ... y _i ...y _m ] ^T , y _i ∈ IR;

S30b, standardize S and Y according to the following formulas (9) and (10) to make them conform to the standard normal distribution;

u[S _:,j ]=0; V[S _:,j ,S _:,j ]=1; j=1,...,n; (9);

u[Y _: ]=0; V[Y _: , Y _: ]=1; (10);

where u[.] and V[.,.] represent the mean and covariance, respectively.

Further, there are multiple coordinates of the unknown point calculated in step S30, which correspond to multiple triangular prisms respectively.

In this embodiment, in the process of use, the kriging interpolation fitting method can be used to calculate the left side of a plurality of unknown points, and a plurality of indirect triangular prisms can be formed according to the coordinates of the plurality of unknown points, and Merge multiple triangular prisms to produce a finished geobody.

Further, in step S50, among the plurality of triangular prisms, the stable sides of adjacent triangular prisms are merged; after the multiple triangular prisms are merged, the bottom and top layers of the multiple triangular prisms are merged to form the ground and the bottom surface.

In this embodiment, the sides between each adjacent triangular prisms are merged with each other. After all the triangular prisms are merged, a polyhedron is formed, and the polyhedron is an engineering geological body. Secondly, in the merging of multiple triangular prisms, The bottom surfaces of the plurality of triangular prisms are combined to form the bottom surface of the engineering geological body, and the top layers of the plurality of triangular prisms are combined with each other to form the top surface of the engineering geological body.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Inside.

Claims (7)

1. A surface mount type three-dimensional modeling method for Krigin fitting of engineering geology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step S10: determining a known point and forming a known top surface;

step S20: calculating the height from an unknown point to a reference surface in the range according to the known point by adopting a kriging interpolation fitting method;

step S30: adding the height of the unknown point to the Z value of the original coordinate to obtain a coordinate value of the unknown point after fitting;

step S40: forming a bottom surface of the geologic body and a triangular prism by using the coordinates of the known points and the fitted coordinates of the unknown points;

step S50: all the obtained triangular prisms are combined to obtain the complete geologic body of the layer.

2. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S10 includes obtaining the bottom coordinates of the exploration hole site needing to establish the geologic body, calculating the height from the bottom node to the reference surface, and forming a known point by using the X, Y value of the bottom coordinates and the height from the bottom coordinates to the reference surface.

3. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S20 further includes the steps of:

step S1, automatically fitting an original three-dimensional terrain and a geological curved surface according to the known hash point-line characteristics;

s2, correcting the original three-dimensional terrain and the geological curved surface by using a high-precision characteristic line;

and step S3, predicting the three-dimensional coordinates of the grid points according to the Gaussian process regression model, and interpolating the grid points in the corrected original three-dimensional terrain and geological surface to obtain the heights of the unknown points.

4. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coordinates of the unknown points calculated in step S30 are provided in plural numbers, and correspond to the plural triangular prisms, respectively.

5. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the triangular prism in step S40 is formed by each triangular surface of the bottom surface of the geologic body and the corresponding triangular surface of the top surface of the geologic body.

6. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S50, the stabilizing side surfaces of adjacent triangular prisms are combined.

7. The patch type three-dimensional modeling method for kriging fitting of engineering geology of claim 6, wherein: after the plurality of triangular prisms are combined, the bottom and top layers of the plurality of triangular prisms are combined to form the ground and bottom surfaces.

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