CN111079874A - Modular label positioning system and method based on RFID technology - Google Patents
Modular label positioning system and method based on RFID technology Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
- G06K17/0022—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisious for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device
- G06K17/0029—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisious for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device the arrangement being specially adapted for wireless interrogation of grouped or bundled articles tagged with wireless record carriers
Abstract
The invention relates to a modularized label positioning system and a method based on an RFID technology, wherein the modularized label positioning system comprises the following components: deploying an antenna array module on a designated positioning area; connecting each antenna array module to an antenna array module interface of an RFID reader-writer, positioning an article which is placed on a positioning area plane and is pasted with an RFID electronic tag, traversing each antenna checking tag on each antenna array through each radio frequency port on the antenna array module port after the RFID reader-writer receives an article positioning command sent by an upper computer, acquiring tag data of each RFID electronic tag in the positioning area, intensity of a reflected signal when the tag is checked each time, number of times that each tag is checked by each antenna in unit time and other data required for identifying and positioning the article, inputting the data to the upper computer, and calculating the tag position by an RFID electronic tag positioning algorithm. The invention can quickly and efficiently position the articles placed in the designated area, and meets the positioning requirements of different industries under different scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of positioning, in particular to a modularized positioning method and system based on an RFID technology.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the internet, industries such as logistics and retail have been rapidly advanced, and accordingly, a large amount of articles need to be managed. Additionally, these industries may not be satisfied with identifying such items, and often focus on where a particular item is located during storage, sorting, etc. The existing common solution is that the items are identified and located one by human and optical-based identification methods (two-dimensional codes, bar codes, etc.). In the case of a large number of articles and a large variety of articles, this is time consuming and laborious.
According to statistics, the business volume of express enterprises in China increases year by year in 2015 to 2018, the express quantity increases from about 200 hundred million to more than 500 hundred million and still shows a rapid rising trend. The work of sorting, sorting and positioning related to the goods is quite heavy, and the existing backward practice is difficult to meet the requirement. A solution is urgently needed to realize convenient and efficient positioning of the articles, and due to uncertainty of article positioning environments and areas in the industries, flexibility and expandability of a positioning system are also important.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for positioning a modular tag based on RFID technology, which is used to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The invention discloses a modularized label positioning method based on an RFID technology, which comprises the following steps: deploying an antenna array module on a designated positioning area; connecting each antenna array module to an antenna array module interface of an RFID reader-writer, positioning an article which is placed on a positioning area plane and is pasted with an RFID electronic tag, traversing each antenna inventory tag on each antenna array through each radio frequency port on the antenna array module port after the RFID reader-writer receives an article positioning command sent by an upper computer, acquiring tag data of each RFID electronic tag in the positioning area, intensity of a reflected signal when the tag is inventoried each time, number of times that each tag is inventoried by each antenna in unit time and other data required for article identification and positioning, and inputting the data to the upper computer, wherein RFID electronic tag positioning algorithm calculates the tag position; for the occurred interference value, if the antenna far away still checks the tag, screening is carried out by combining the checking times, and if the checking times of the antenna to the tag are smaller than the set threshold value, the checking result of the antenna is discarded; the serial number of each antenna is used as an abscissa, the average value of the intensity of a reflected signal of a certain label to be positioned received by each antenna is used as an ordinate to be fitted into a parabola, the abscissa of the maximum value point of the parabola is the position of the label to be positioned, if the label is positioned at the edge of a positioning area, the change trend of the average value of the intensity of the reflected signal of the ordinate of each sampling point is judged to determine, and the position at the edge is approximately taken as the positioning position of the label.
According to an embodiment of the modular tag positioning method based on the RFID technology, the antenna array module is a combination of a plurality of antennas with consistency and equal intervals.
According to an embodiment of the RFID technology-based modular tag positioning method of the present invention, a plurality of antenna array module interfaces are provided to the outside, and each of the antenna array module interfaces is composed of a radio frequency line and an IO line, where the radio frequency line is used to transmit a radio frequency signal between an RFID reader and an RFID electronic tag, and the IO port is used to time-division gate each antenna on the current antenna array module.
According to an embodiment of the RFID technology-based modular tag positioning method of the present invention, when an RFID reader traverses each antenna on each antenna array module for inventory, an RFID electronic tag attached to an article is inventoried by a plurality of antennas near the RFID electronic tag, which tags are located at which positions are inventoried to the tag is determined according to the radio frequency port configuration and IO configuration when the tag is inventoried, and the strength of a reflected signal of the tag at each inventory can be obtained, the data is integrated, a positioning algorithm is performed for calculation, and the strength of a reflected signal of the tag received during the inventory of the antenna can substantially reflect the distance between the tag and the antenna,
according to an embodiment of the modular tag positioning method based on the RFID technology of the present invention, the tag reaches the RFID reader under the tag positioning command. After receiving the positioning command, the RFID reader sequentially gates the antennas on the antenna array modules by using the interfaces connected with the antenna array modules, and sequentially uses each antenna to perform inventory, so that the data acquisition of the tag data and the position information of the whole positioning area is completed, and then the identification data of the tag, the signal intensity of the tag on each antenna and the inventory times information of the tag are input and called, and the positioning position of the tag is output.
According to an embodiment of the modular tag positioning method based on the RFID technology, the tag positioning algorithm comprises the following steps: firstly, label data obtained by checking each label in a positioning area by an RFID reader-writer, the times of checking each antenna on each antenna array module in the positioning area to the label and the label signal strength are used as input; then, determining the accidentally generated interference data through the checking times, and discarding the interference data; then, checking the number of the antenna of the tag as an abscissa, taking the average value of the intensity of the signal reflected by the tag received by the antenna as an ordinate, judging the variation trend of the ordinate, if the ordinate has monotonicity along with the abscissa, determining that the tag is positioned at the edge of a positioning area, and taking the antenna with the maximum signal intensity as the positioning position of the tag; if the ordinate does not have monotonicity along with the abscissa, fitting out a parabola with the antenna number as the abscissa and the average signal intensity as the ordinate, and taking the maximum point of the parabola as the positioning position of the tag.
The invention relates to a modularized label positioning system based on an RFID technology, which comprises: the system comprises an RFID reader-writer, an RFID electronic tag, an antenna array module, a data processing module, a human-computer interaction module and a background database; deploying an antenna array module on a designated positioning area plane, wherein the antenna array module is formed by combining a plurality of antennas which are good in consistency and equal in interval; each antenna array module is connected to an antenna array module interface of the RFID reader-writer; connecting an RFID reader-writer with an upper computer running with a human-computer interaction, data processing module and a background database, wherein a user operates the system through the human-computer interaction module to position an article which is placed on a plane of a positioning area and is pasted with an RFID electronic tag, after receiving a command for positioning the article sent by the upper computer, the RFID reader-writer traverses each antenna inventory tag on each antenna array through each radio frequency port on the port of the antenna array module to obtain tag data of each RFID electronic tag in the positioning area, the intensity of a reflected signal when the tag is inventory each time, the inventory times of each tag by each antenna in unit time, and inputs the tag data, the intensity of a reflected signal when each tag is inventory each time, into the data processing module running on the upper computer, and the RFID electronic tag positioning algorithm calculates the tag position; when the RFID reader-writer traverses each antenna on each antenna array module to perform inventory, the RFID electronic tags attached to the articles are inventoried by a plurality of antennas nearby the RFID electronic tags, the data processing module determines which tags at which positions are inventoried to the tags according to the radio frequency port configuration and IO configuration when the tags are inventoried, the data processing module can acquire the intensity of reflected signals of the tags during each inventory, and the data are integrated and input into a positioning algorithm of the data processing module.
According to an embodiment of the RFID technology-based modular tag positioning system of the present invention, the antenna array module interface is composed of a radio frequency line and an IO line, wherein the radio frequency line is used for transmitting a radio frequency signal between the RFID reader and the RFID electronic tag, and the IO port is used for time-division gating of each antenna on the current antenna array module.
According to an embodiment of the modular tag positioning system based on the RFID technology, in the case that some distant antennas still check the tag, the interference value is filtered according to the checking times, and if the checking times of the tag by some antenna is smaller than the set threshold, the checking result of the antenna is discarded.
According to an embodiment of the RFID-technology-based modular tag positioning system of the present invention, the serial number of each antenna is used as the abscissa, the average value of the intensity of the reflected signal of a certain tag to be positioned received by each antenna is used as the ordinate to be fitted into a parabola, the abscissa of the maximum point of the parabola is the position of the tag to be positioned, if the tag is located at the edge of the positioning area, the change trend of the ordinate of each sampling point, that is, the average value of the intensity of the reflected signal, is determined, and the edge position is directly approximated as the positioning position of the tag.
The system and the method for positioning the object based on the radio frequency identification technology can quickly and efficiently position the object placed in the designated area, have the characteristics of modularization and expandability in deployment, are flexibly deployed according to the size of the designated area and the requirement of errors, and meet the positioning requirements of different industries under different scenes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a modular location method based on RFID technology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a tag location algorithm based on multiple antennas and tag reflected signal strength in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the components of the RFID technology based modular location system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a modular location method based on RFID technology of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a tag location algorithm based on multiple antennas and tag reflected signal strength in accordance with the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the components of the RFID-based modular positioning system of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an article positioning system based on the RFID technology is mainly composed of an RFID reader, an RFID electronic tag, an antenna array module, a data processing module, a human-computer interaction module, and a background database.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the operation principle of an article positioning system based on radio frequency identification technology can be summarized as follows:
the antenna array modules are deployed on a designated positioning area (e.g., shelf, cabinet) plane. The antenna array module is formed by combining a plurality of antennas which are good in consistency and equal in interval, and the size and the number of the antenna array modules to be used can be determined according to the allowable positioning error and the size of a specified positioning area in use. And connecting each antenna array module to an antenna array module interface of the RFID reader-writer. The system provides a plurality of antenna array module interfaces for the outside, the interfaces are composed of a radio frequency line and an IO line, the radio frequency line is used for transmitting radio frequency signals between the RFID reader-writer and the RFID electronic tag, the IO port is used for time-sharing gating of all antennas on the current antenna array module, the plurality of radio frequency ports and abundant IO resources can guarantee that the system has strong expandability, modular design of the positioning antenna array can be used for users to flexibly select antenna array modules with different sizes and different quantities according to actual use scenes, and therefore the applicability of the system to different application environments is guaranteed. And connecting the RFID reader-writer with an upper computer running with a human-computer interaction module, a data processing module and a background database. After receiving an article positioning command sent by an upper computer, the RFID reader-writer traverses each antenna inventory tag on each antenna array through each radio frequency port and abundant IO (input/output) resources on the port of the antenna array module respectively to acquire tag data of each RFID electronic tag in the positioning area, intensity of a reflected signal when the tag is inventoried each time, number of times that each tag is inventoried by each antenna in unit time and other data required for identifying and positioning the article, and inputs the data into a data processing module running on the upper computer, and RFID electronic tag positioning algorithm calculates the tag position. Specifically, when the RFID reader traverses each antenna on each antenna array module for inventory, the RFID electronic tag attached to an article is inventoried by a plurality of antennas nearby the RFID electronic tag, the data processing module can determine which tags located at which positions are inventoried to the tag according to the radio frequency port configuration and IO configuration when the tag is inventoried, and can acquire the strength of the reflected signal of the tag at each inventory, integrate the data and input the data into the positioning algorithm of the data processing module, the strength of the reflected signal of the tag received in the antenna inventory process can substantially reflect the distance between the tag and the antenna, in the actual working process of the system, because the shapes of the articles are different, the positions of the posted tags are different, the heights from the bottom antenna array module are different, the strength of the reflected signal of each tag is also different, and the value of the strength of the reflected signal itself is not much reference value, the positioning algorithm focuses on the relative magnitude and variation trend of the strength of the reflected signal of a certain tag received by each antenna when the RFID reader traverses all the antennas. For some accidental interference values, for example, in the case that some antennas far away still check the tag, screening is performed by combining the checking times, and if the checking times of some antennas to the tag are smaller than a set threshold, the checking results of the antennas are discarded, so that accidental interference is eliminated, and the correctness of the subsequent operation of the algorithm is ensured. And fitting a parabola by taking the serial number of each antenna as an abscissa and taking the average value of the strength of the reflected signal of a certain to-be-positioned label received by each antenna as an ordinate, wherein the abscissa of the maximum point of the parabola is the position of the to-be-positioned label. For some special cases, such as the situation that the label is located at the edge of the positioning area, the situation can be determined by judging the variation trend of the ordinate of each sampling point, namely the average value of the intensity of the reflected signal, and the position of the edge is directly and approximately taken as the positioning position of the label, which is enough to meet the requirement of accuracy.
The invention provides a modularized positioning method based on an RFID technology, which comprises the following steps:
(1) an electronic tag containing unique identification data of the article is attached to the article to be managed, and particularly an 800/900MHz frequency band ultrahigh frequency passive tag is adopted, so that the cost is low, and the identification distance is long. And then, the label data and the article information are input in a background database.
(2) And selecting an antenna array module with a proper specification according to the actual positioning error requirement. The antenna array module is formed by combining a plurality of antennas which are good in consistency and equal in interval, and the size and the number of the antenna array modules to be used can be determined according to the allowable positioning error and the size of a specified positioning area in use. The lower the required error, the denser the antenna array will be used. And covering the plane of the appointed positioning area by using an antenna array module, and connecting each antenna array module to the RFID reader-writer through a special antenna array module port. The interface consists of a radio frequency line and an IO line, wherein the radio frequency line is used for transmitting radio frequency signals between the RFID reader-writer and the RFID electronic tag, and the IO port is used for time-sharing gating of each antenna on the current antenna array module.
(3) And placing the article to be positioned and attached with the RFID electronic tag on the antenna array module.
(4) When a user needs to position an article in a positioning area, the man-machine interaction module is operated to transmit an inventory command to the RFID reader-writer, the reader-writer receives the command and then uses each radio frequency interface and abundant IO interface resources to pass through and gate each antenna on each antenna array module, after important parameters such as unique identification data of each label, signal intensity of each label on each antenna, inventory count times of each label in unit time and the like are obtained, the RFID reader-writer uploads the data to the upper computer and inputs the data to the RFID electronic label positioning algorithm of the data processing module, the positioning result is displayed to the user through the man-machine interaction module after the positioning algorithm is calculated, and meanwhile, positioning data is stored in a database for the user to inquire.
The key part antenna of the invention adopts a modular design and has the characteristics of flexibility and expandability. And deploying antenna array modules on a plane needing label positioning, and connecting each antenna array module with an antenna array extension interface on the RFID reader-writer. The RFID reader-writer is connected with an upper computer which operates a human-computer interaction, data processing and database. After a user sends a tag positioning instruction, the upper computer operates the reader-writer to sequentially gate each antenna on each antenna array to perform inventory operation on the tags, and then the RFID reader-writer collects data such as tag data, tag reflected signal intensity, the inventory times of each tag in unit time and the like and uploads the data to the data processing module running on the upper computer. The label positioning algorithm of the data processing module takes all data returned by the RFID reader-writer as input, and outputs the coordinates of each checked label on a positioning plane formed by each antenna array, so that the coordinates are output through the man-machine interaction module for a user to check, and the coordinates are stored in a database for the user to inquire. The expandability of the system is represented by dynamically determining the number of antenna array modules to be used according to the size of a plane to be positioned, and breaking through the limitation of a positioning area to a positioning system to a certain extent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A modularized label positioning method based on RFID technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
deploying an antenna array module on a designated positioning area; connecting each antenna array module to an antenna array module interface of an RFID reader-writer, positioning an article which is placed on a positioning area plane and is pasted with an RFID electronic tag, traversing each antenna inventory tag on each antenna array through each radio frequency port on the antenna array module port after the RFID reader-writer receives an article positioning command sent by an upper computer, acquiring tag data of each RFID electronic tag in the positioning area, intensity of a reflected signal when the tag is inventoried each time, number of times that each tag is inventoried by each antenna in unit time and other data required for article identification and positioning, and inputting the data to the upper computer, wherein RFID electronic tag positioning algorithm calculates the tag position;
for the occurred interference value, if the antenna far away still checks the tag, screening is carried out by combining the checking times, and if the checking times of the antenna to the tag are smaller than the set threshold value, the checking result of the antenna is discarded; the serial number of each antenna is used as an abscissa, the average value of the intensity of a reflected signal of a certain label to be positioned received by each antenna is used as an ordinate to be fitted into a parabola, the abscissa of the maximum value point of the parabola is the position of the label to be positioned, if the label is positioned at the edge of a positioning area, the change trend of the average value of the intensity of the reflected signal of the ordinate of each sampling point is judged to determine, and the position at the edge is approximately taken as the positioning position of the label.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antenna array module is a combination of a plurality of antennas with equal spacing and uniformity.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of antenna array module interfaces are provided to the outside, and each of the antenna array module interfaces is composed of a radio frequency line and an IO line, wherein the radio frequency line is used for transmitting a radio frequency signal between the RFID reader and the RFID tag, and the IO port is used for time-division gating of each antenna on the current antenna array module.
4. The RFID-based modular tag positioning method of claim 1, wherein when the RFID reader/writer traverses each antenna of each antenna array module for inventory, the RFID electronic tag attached to the article is inventoried by a plurality of antennas nearby, the RFID electronic tag at which position is located is determined according to the radio frequency port configuration and IO configuration when the tag is inventoried, the strength of the reflected signal of the tag at each inventory can be obtained, the data is integrated for calculation of the positioning algorithm, the strength of the reflected signal of the tag received during the inventory of the antenna can substantially reflect the distance between the tag and the antenna,
5. the modular tag location method based on RFID technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a tag location command is issued to the RFID reader. After receiving the positioning command, the RFID reader sequentially gates the antennas on the antenna array modules by using the interfaces connected with the antenna array modules, and sequentially uses each antenna to perform inventory, so that the data acquisition of the tag data and the position information of the whole positioning area is completed, and then the identification data of the tag, the signal intensity of the tag on each antenna and the inventory times information of the tag are input and called, and the positioning position of the tag is output.
6. The RFID technology-based modular tag location method of claim 1, wherein the tag location algorithm comprises:
firstly, label data obtained by checking each label in a positioning area by an RFID reader-writer, the times of checking each antenna on each antenna array module in the positioning area to the label and the label signal strength are used as input;
then, determining the accidentally generated interference data through the checking times, and discarding the interference data;
then, checking the number of the antenna of the tag as an abscissa, taking the average value of the intensity of the signal reflected by the tag received by the antenna as an ordinate, judging the variation trend of the ordinate, if the ordinate has monotonicity along with the abscissa, determining that the tag is positioned at the edge of a positioning area, and taking the antenna with the maximum signal intensity as the positioning position of the tag; if the ordinate does not have monotonicity along with the abscissa, fitting out a parabola with the antenna number as the abscissa and the average signal intensity as the ordinate, and taking the maximum point of the parabola as the positioning position of the tag.
7. A modular tag location system based on RFID technology, comprising: the system comprises an RFID reader-writer, an RFID electronic tag, an antenna array module, a data processing module, a human-computer interaction module and a background database;
deploying an antenna array module on a designated positioning area plane, wherein the antenna array module is formed by combining a plurality of antennas which are good in consistency and equal in interval; each antenna array module is connected to an antenna array module interface of the RFID reader-writer; connecting an RFID reader-writer with an upper computer running with a human-computer interaction, data processing module and a background database, wherein a user operates the system through the human-computer interaction module to position an article which is placed on a plane of a positioning area and is pasted with an RFID electronic tag, after receiving a command for positioning the article sent by the upper computer, the RFID reader-writer traverses each antenna inventory tag on each antenna array through each radio frequency port on the port of the antenna array module to obtain tag data of each RFID electronic tag in the positioning area, the intensity of a reflected signal when the tag is inventory each time, the inventory times of each tag by each antenna in unit time, and inputs the tag data, the intensity of a reflected signal when each tag is inventory each time, into the data processing module running on the upper computer, and the RFID electronic tag positioning algorithm calculates the tag position; when the RFID reader-writer traverses each antenna on each antenna array module to perform inventory, the RFID electronic tags attached to the articles are inventoried by a plurality of antennas nearby the RFID electronic tags, the data processing module determines which tags at which positions are inventoried to the tags according to the radio frequency port configuration and IO configuration when the tags are inventoried, the data processing module can acquire the intensity of reflected signals of the tags during each inventory, and the data are integrated and input into a positioning algorithm of the data processing module.
8. The RFID-technology-based modular tag positioning system of claim 1, wherein the antenna array module interface is composed of a radio frequency line and an IO line, wherein the radio frequency line is used for transmitting radio frequency signals between the RFID reader and the RFID electronic tag, and the IO port is used for time-sharing gating of each antenna on the current antenna array module.
9. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein for the occurred interference value, such as the case that some distant antennas still count to the tag, the screening is performed in combination with the counting number, and if the counting number of the antennas to the tag is less than the set threshold, the counting result of the antennas is discarded.
10. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of each antenna is used as the abscissa, the average of the reflected signal strength of a certain tag to be located received by each antenna is used as the ordinate to be fitted into a parabola, the abscissa of the maximum point of the parabola is the position of the tag to be located, if the tag is located at the edge of the location area, the change trend of the ordinate of each sampling point, that is, the average of the reflected signal strength, is determined, and the edge position is directly approximated as the location position of the tag.
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| CN111931525A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-13 | 北京计算机技术及应用研究所 | Method for positioning storage shelf articles by radio frequency identification |
| CN111985587A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-24 | 运易通科技有限公司 | Automatic matching method for container and truck |
| WO2022160293A1 (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Tag positioning method and device |
| CN116306755A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-06-23 | 汉朔科技股份有限公司 | Commodity checking method, commodity checking system, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN116306755B (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-10-17 | 汉朔科技股份有限公司 | Commodity checking method, commodity checking system, computer equipment and storage medium |
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