CN111077350A - Galvanized electrode system for pole tower grounding state test and detection method - Google Patents
Galvanized electrode system for pole tower grounding state test and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111077350A CN111077350A CN201911296037.2A CN201911296037A CN111077350A CN 111077350 A CN111077350 A CN 111077350A CN 201911296037 A CN201911296037 A CN 201911296037A CN 111077350 A CN111077350 A CN 111077350A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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Abstract
The invention relates to a galvanized electrode system for testing the grounding state of a tower and a detection method, wherein the system comprises a variable frequency test power supply, a signal injection electrode, a signal conditioning module, an acquisition module, a microprocessor and a galvanized electrode; the microprocessor is connected with a variable frequency test power supply; the output end of the variable frequency test power supply is connected with the input end of the signal injection electrode; three test reference electrodes are arranged in the galvanized electrode; the test reference electrodes are connected with the input ends of the galvanized electrodes and the signal conditioning module; the output end of the signal conditioning module is connected with the input end of the acquisition module; the output end of the acquisition module is connected with the input end of the microprocessor; the galvanized electrode is connected with the signal ground end of the variable frequency test power supply. The method and the device use the data obtained under different electrode depths to analyze the difference of the impulse grounding impedance of the grounding grid, and obtain more accurate change conditions of the impulse grounding impedance influenced by the surface depth, thereby effectively evaluating the capability of the tower grounding grid for releasing the lightning pulse signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tower grounding state testing, and particularly relates to a galvanized electrode system for tower grounding state testing and a detection method.
Background
When the test of the grounding resistance of the power transmission line tower is carried out, the length of the reference electrode is generally 0.4-1 meter, the depth of the reference electrode inserted into the soil is about 80% of the total length, and actually, the depth of the metal electrode of the tower grounding network can reach 1.8-3 meters, so that the difference of the lengths of the reference electrodes has obvious difference for diagnosing the state of the grounding network.
The traditional method is to distance the reference electrode from the geometric dimension of the ground screen by 3-5 times, so as to reduce the influence of depth on test data. Research tests show that the depth and the arrangement distance of the reference electrode are also influenced by soil characteristics and the topography of the tower, and the method for embedding the reference electrode by simply considering the distance of 3-5 times is easy to obtain inaccurate data, so that misjudgment is caused. Therefore, how to overcome the defects of the prior art is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in the technical field of tower grounding state testing at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a galvanized electrode system for a tower grounding state test and a detection method. According to the method, the data obtained under different electrode depths are used for analyzing the difference of the impulse grounding impedance of the grounding grid, so that the change condition of the impulse grounding impedance influenced by the surface depth can be accurately obtained, and the capability of the tower grounding grid for releasing the lightning pulse signal can be effectively evaluated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a zinc-plated electrode system for testing the grounding state of a tower comprises: the device comprises a variable frequency test power supply, a signal injection electrode, a signal conditioning module, an acquisition module, a microprocessor and a galvanized electrode;
the microprocessor is connected with the variable frequency test power supply and is used for controlling the variable frequency test power supply to work;
the output end of the variable frequency test power supply is connected with the input end of the signal injection electrode;
three test reference electrodes which are arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal depth are arranged in the galvanized electrode;
the three test reference electrodes are all connected with the galvanized electrode;
the three test reference electrodes are connected with the input end of the signal conditioning module;
the output end of the signal conditioning module is connected with the input end of the acquisition module;
the output end of the acquisition module is connected with the input end of the microprocessor;
the top end of the galvanized electrode is connected with the signal ground end of the variable frequency test power supply.
Further, preferably, the signal conditioning module includes an amplifying circuit and a filtering circuit.
Further, preferably, the acquisition module is an a/D converter.
Further, it is preferable that the distance between the adjacent two test reference electrodes is not less than 10 cm.
The invention also provides a tower grounding state detection method, which adopts the galvanized electrode system for the tower grounding state test and comprises the following steps:
step (1), connecting a signal injection electrode with a tower grounding down lead, inserting a galvanized electrode into tower grounding grid soil, and ensuring that all three test reference electrodes are positioned below the soil, so that the signal injection electrode, the tower grounding grid and the galvanized electrode of a frequency conversion test source are connected in series to form a loop;
step (2), a variable frequency test power supply generates variable frequency voltage signals under the control of a microprocessor, the variable frequency voltage signals are input to a signal injection electrode and then sequentially reach a tower grounding grid and a galvanized electrode, a signal conditioning module respectively amplifies the voltage signals of three test reference electrodes, then filters the voltage signals, filters interference signals, then sends the interference signals to an acquisition module for analog-digital conversion, and sends obtained digital signals to the microprocessor for analysis;
step (3), when the amplitude and phase difference of the voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the three test reference electrodes do not exceed 3%, judging that the ground grid state is good;
when the amplitude difference of voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the three test reference electrodes exceeds 3 percent, ① judges that the grounding grid power frequency grounding resistance is unqualified but the impact grounding resistance is normal when the phase difference is less than or equal to 5 percent, and ② judges that the grounding grid power frequency grounding resistance and the impact grounding resistance are unqualified when the phase difference is more than 5 percent;
when the amplitudes and phase differences of the voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the test reference electrodes are all larger than 5%, the disqualification of the power frequency of the ground network and the impulse grounding resistance is judged, and the serious corrosion phenomenon exists.
Further, it is preferable that the frequency of the variable frequency voltage signal is 20000Hz to 200000 Hz.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the influence of different depths of the test reference electrodes on the detection result can be accurately known through the invention, and if the influence is obvious, the deeper electrode data is taken as the standard, or the electrode depth is continuously increased.
(2) The data obtained under different electrode depth conditions are used for analyzing the difference of the impulse grounding impedance of the grounding grid, and the change condition of the impulse grounding impedance influenced by the earth surface depth is more accurately obtained, so that the capability of the tower grounding grid for releasing the lightning pulse signal is more effectively evaluated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a galvanized electrode system for testing the grounding state of a tower;
wherein, 1, a variable frequency test power supply; 2. a signal injection electrode; 3. a signal conditioning module; 4. an acquisition module; 5. a microprocessor; 6. a zinc-plated electrode; 7. a test reference electrode; 8. a tower and ground net.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all are conventional products available by purchase.
As shown in fig. 1, a galvanized electrode system for testing the grounding state of a tower includes: the device comprises a variable frequency test power supply 1, a signal injection electrode 2, a signal conditioning module 3, an acquisition module 4, a microprocessor 5 and a galvanized electrode 6;
the microprocessor 5 is connected with the variable frequency test power supply 1 and is used for controlling the variable frequency test power supply 1 to work;
the output end of the variable frequency test power supply 1 is connected with the input end of the signal injection electrode 2;
three test reference electrodes 7 which are arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal depth are arranged in the galvanized electrode 6;
the three test reference electrodes 7 are all connected with the galvanized electrode 6;
the three test reference electrodes 7 are connected with the input end of the signal conditioning module 3;
the output end of the signal conditioning module 3 is connected with the input end of the acquisition module 4;
the output end of the acquisition module 4 is connected with the input end of the microprocessor 5;
the top end of the galvanized electrode 6 is connected with the signal ground end of the variable frequency test power supply 1.
Preferably, the signal conditioning module 3 includes an amplifying circuit and a filtering circuit.
Preferably, the acquisition module 4 is an a/D converter.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent test reference electrodes 7 is not less than 10 cm.
A pole tower grounding state detection method adopts the galvanized electrode system for pole tower grounding state test, and comprises the following steps:
connecting a signal injection electrode with a tower grounding down lead, inserting a galvanized electrode into tower grounding grid soil, and ensuring that all three test reference electrodes are positioned below the soil, so that the signal injection electrode, the tower grounding grid and the galvanized electrode of a frequency conversion test source are connected in series to form a loop;
step (2), a variable frequency test power supply generates variable frequency voltage signals under the control of a microprocessor, the variable frequency voltage signals are input to a signal injection electrode and then sequentially reach a tower grounding grid and a galvanized electrode, a signal conditioning module respectively amplifies voltage signals of three test reference electrodes (voltage values formed by signal ground ends of the reference variable frequency power supply), then filtering is carried out, stray interference signals are filtered out and then sent to an acquisition module for analog-digital conversion, and the obtained digital signals are sent to the microprocessor for analysis;
step (3), when the amplitude and phase difference of the voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the three test reference electrodes do not exceed 3%, judging that the ground grid state is good;
when the amplitude difference of voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the three test reference electrodes exceeds 3 percent, ① judges that the grounding grid power frequency grounding resistance is unqualified but the impact grounding resistance is normal when the phase difference is less than or equal to 5 percent, and ② judges that the grounding grid power frequency grounding resistance and the impact grounding resistance are unqualified when the phase difference is more than 5 percent;
when the amplitudes and phase differences of the voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the test reference electrodes are all larger than 5%, the disqualification of the power frequency of the ground network and the impulse grounding resistance is judged, and the serious corrosion phenomenon exists.
The amplitude and phase difference of the voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 are the average value of the maximum value minus the minimum value and the difference value divided by the average value.
Preferably, the frequency of the variable frequency voltage signal is 20000Hz-200000 Hz.
Examples of the applications
As shown in figure 1, the length of the galvanized electrode is 2 meters, and when the galvanized electrode is applied, 1.8 meters of the galvanized electrode is inserted in soil. The top of the galvanized electrode is connected with a signal ground end of a variable frequency test power supply through a cable. The lowest part of the galvanized electrode is of a conical structure, a first test reference electrode is arranged at a position 20cm away from the conical tip, and a second test reference electrode and a third test reference electrode are respectively arranged at positions 30cm and 40cm away from the conical tip.
And three paths of test reference electrodes are led out through coaxial cables arranged at the edges of the galvanized electrodes respectively. In order to facilitate the convenient insertion of the galvanized electrode into soil in the application process, the coaxial cable and the galvanized electrode are reliably fixed, so that the appearance of the galvanized electrode is cylindrical as much as possible. The top of the galvanized electrode is provided with a ring-shaped buckle. The coaxial cable is led out to the signal conditioning module through an annular metal body (an annular handle) of which the galvanized electrode is positioned above the soil.
After the three reference electrodes are subjected to signal conditioning, the amplitudes are respectively 0.8V, 0.79V and 0.81V, the average value is 0.8V, the maximum deviation is 0.01V, and the error is 0.1/0.8=0.0125= 1.25%. And the threshold is less than 3% of the set value, so that the power frequency grounding resistance is considered to be normal. The phases of the three reference electrodes after signal conditioning are respectively 37.5 degrees, 39.5 degrees and 34.5 degrees, the average value is 37.1, the maximum error is 2.6 degrees, the relative error is 2.6/37.1=0.07=7%, and the threshold requirement is greater than 5%, so that the impact grounding resistance is unqualified although the power frequency grounding resistance is basically normal.
In the embodiment, the invention can also calculate the conventional absolute power frequency grounding resistance value and the impact grounding resistance value, and the power frequency resistance value is 5 ohms if the output current of the frequency conversion test source is 2A and the voltage value of the injection electrode end is 10V. If the measurement is calculated according to the conventional method, the difference of the test data caused by different galvanized electrode depths cannot be distinguished. (theoretically, the amplitude and phase of the signals obtained from the three reference electrodes should be substantially the same, with a deviation of less than 1%). The invention mainly aims to find the difference of test values caused by different depths of grounding reference electrodes, and the relevance, conversion relation and the like between the difference and the consideration of the absolute value of the grounding resistance, and the embodiment only provides an explanatory description for the health state of the power frequency grounding resistance characteristic and the impact resistance characteristic reflected by the electrode depth difference without the protection content of the patent right.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a shaft tower grounding state test is with zinc-plated electrode system which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a variable frequency test power supply (1), a signal injection electrode (2), a signal conditioning module (3), an acquisition module (4), a microprocessor (5) and a galvanized electrode (6);
the microprocessor (5) is connected with the variable-frequency test power supply (1) and is used for controlling the variable-frequency test power supply (1) to work;
the output end of the variable frequency test power supply (1) is connected with the input end of the signal injection electrode (2);
three test reference electrodes (7) which are arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal depth are arranged in the galvanized electrode (6);
the three test reference electrodes (7) are connected with the galvanized electrode (6);
the three test reference electrodes (7) are connected with the input end of the signal conditioning module (3);
the output end of the signal conditioning module (3) is connected with the input end of the acquisition module (4);
the output end of the acquisition module (4) is connected with the input end of the microprocessor (5);
the top end of the galvanized electrode (6) is connected with the signal ground end of the variable frequency test power supply (1).
2. The galvanized electrode system for testing the tower grounding state as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal conditioning module (3) comprises an amplifying circuit and a filtering circuit.
3. The galvanized electrode system for testing the tower grounding state as recited in claim 1, wherein the acquisition module (4) is an A/D converter.
4. The galvanized electrode system for testing the tower grounding state as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between two adjacent test reference electrodes (7) is not less than 10 cm.
5. A tower grounding state detection method adopts the galvanized electrode system for the tower grounding state test according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), connecting a signal injection electrode with a tower grounding down lead, inserting a galvanized electrode into tower grounding grid soil, and ensuring that all three test reference electrodes are positioned below the soil, so that the signal injection electrode, the tower grounding grid and the galvanized electrode of a frequency conversion test source are connected in series to form a loop;
step (2), a variable frequency test power supply generates variable frequency voltage signals under the control of a microprocessor, the variable frequency voltage signals are input to a signal injection electrode and then sequentially reach a tower grounding grid and a galvanized electrode, a signal conditioning module respectively amplifies the voltage signals of three test reference electrodes, then filters the voltage signals, filters interference signals, then sends the interference signals to an acquisition module for analog-digital conversion, and sends obtained digital signals to the microprocessor for analysis;
step (3), when the amplitude and phase difference of the voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the three test reference electrodes do not exceed 3%, judging that the ground grid state is good;
when the amplitude difference of voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the three test reference electrodes exceeds 3 percent, ① judges that the grounding grid power frequency grounding resistance is unqualified but the impact grounding resistance is normal when the phase difference is less than or equal to 5 percent, and ② judges that the grounding grid power frequency grounding resistance and the impact grounding resistance are unqualified when the phase difference is more than 5 percent;
when the amplitudes and phase differences of the voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 of the test reference electrodes are all larger than 5%, the disqualification of the power frequency of the ground network and the impulse grounding resistance is judged, and the serious corrosion phenomenon exists.
6. The tower grounding state detection method according to claim 5, wherein the frequency of the variable frequency voltage signal is 20000Hz-200000 Hz.
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