CN111076893B - Submarine landslide physical model test device and working method - Google Patents
Submarine landslide physical model test device and working method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a submarine landslide physical model test device and a working method, wherein the submarine landslide physical model test device comprises the following steps: and (4) modeling a box: the two ends of the model box are respectively provided with a wave making mechanism and a wave dissipating mechanism; wave making mechanism: the device comprises a slide rail vertically and fixedly arranged in a model box, the slide rail is connected with a wave making box in a sliding manner, the wave making box is connected with a wave making driving mechanism, and the side box wall of the wave making box, which is positioned at one side of a wave dissipating mechanism, is arranged at an acute angle with the horizontal plane; wave dissipation mechanism: comprises at least one wave-dissipating roller connected with a wave-dissipating driving mechanism; the monitoring mechanism: the device comprises a plurality of fiber grating sensors which are embedded in similar materials, wherein the fiber grating sensors are connected in series by using optical fibers, and the optical fibers are connected with an optical fiber regulator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of test equipment, in particular to a submarine landslide physical model test device and a working method.
Background
Hitherto, seabed landslide geological disasters are rare, and the ocean engineering structure and the human life and property safety are seriously threatened. With the occurrence of landslide on the sea floor, along with the long-distance transportation of a large amount of sediments, such transportation process poses a serious threat to ocean engineering, such as ocean floor platforms, ocean pipelines, ocean cables and other ocean floor engineering facilities. The large-scale submarine landslide is also frequently accompanied by the occurrence of tsunamis with extremely strong destructiveness; meanwhile, seabed stability is also a problem which cannot be ignored in marine structure site selection. This makes the research on marine geological disasters more and more urgent and makes the importance of understanding marine geological disasters more and more prominent.
Due to the complex seabed occurrence environment, variable hydrogeological conditions and easy induction of landslide accidents, the seabed landslide is usually large in coverage area, and landslide types caused by different disaster-causing environments are different, so that the research on the disaster-causing mechanism of the seabed landslide is complicated. The inventor finds that factors such as ocean infinite seawater greatly improve the technical difficulty of monitoring the submarine landslide body. At present, a test device capable of researching the submarine landslide does not exist, and the submarine landslide is inconvenient to be tested and researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a physical model test device for the submarine landslide, which can provide accurate physical test data for numerical simulation of the submarine landslide and is convenient for researching the submarine landslide phenomenon.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a physical model test device for landslide on the sea floor comprises:
and (4) modeling a box: the two ends of the model box are respectively provided with a wave making mechanism and a wave dissipating mechanism.
Wave making mechanism: including vertical fixed setting at the inside slide rail of mold box, the slide rail with make unrestrained case sliding connection, make unrestrained case and make unrestrained actuating mechanism and be connected, make unrestrained actuating mechanism can drive and make unrestrained case along the elevating movement of slide rail, make the unrestrained case lie in the lateral part tank wall and the level of the mechanism place one side of breaking unrestrained and personally submit the acute angle setting, its elevating movement along the slide rail can produce the thrust towards the mechanism that breaks unrestrained to aquatic products.
Wave dissipation mechanism: the wave eliminating driving mechanism can drive the wave eliminating roller to rotate, so that acting force is generated on waves rebounded on the wall of the model box, and the waves rebounded through the wall of the model box are eliminated.
The monitoring mechanism: the fiber bragg grating sensor system comprises a plurality of fiber bragg grating sensors which are buried in similar materials, the fiber bragg grating sensors are connected in series through optical fibers, and the optical fibers are connected with an optical fiber regulator.
Further, make unrestrained actuating mechanism and include the connecting rod, the bottom of connecting rod is articulated with the top tank wall of making unrestrained case, and the top and the swing arm of connecting rod are articulated, the swing arm is connected with the rotation actuating mechanism who installs at first support body, first support body and mold box fixed connection, and rotation actuating mechanism fixes on first support body, can drive the rotation of swing arm, drives through the connecting rod and makes unrestrained case along the elevating movement of slide rail.
Furthermore, the rotation driving mechanism comprises a first rotation motor, an output shaft of the first rotation motor is connected with a first reduction gearbox, an output shaft of the first reduction gearbox is connected with a transmission shaft through gear transmission, and the end part of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the swing arm.
Furthermore, the two ends of the wave dissipation roller are rotatably connected with a second frame body, the second frame body is connected with a lifting mechanism fixedly arranged on the model box, and the lifting mechanism can drive the second frame body and the wave dissipation roller to do lifting motion.
Furthermore, the wave dissipation driving mechanism comprises a second rotating motor, the second rotating motor is connected with a second reduction gearbox, and two ends of an output shaft of the second reduction gearbox are connected with the wave dissipation roller through a belt transmission mechanism arranged on a second frame body, so that the wave dissipation roller can be driven to rotate.
Further, the roller comprises an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is connected with a wave dissipation driving mechanism, the intermediate shaft penetrates through a plurality of circular plates arranged in parallel and is fixedly connected with the circular plates, and a plurality of wave dissipation plates are uniformly arranged between every two adjacent circular plates along the circumference and are used for eliminating waves rebounded by the wall of the model box.
Furthermore, a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the box wall on one side of the model box, and a drain valve is installed at the water outlet.
Furthermore, the side box walls of the model box are made of transparent glass, so that the test phenomenon can be observed conveniently.
The invention also discloses a working method of the submarine landslide physical model test device, which comprises the following steps: similar materials are stacked at a set position between a model box wave making mechanism and a wave eliminating mechanism to form a similar material stacking body, an optical fiber grating sensor is buried in the similar material stacking body, an optical fiber is connected with an optical fiber demodulator, water is injected into the model box, a wave making driving mechanism and a wave eliminating driving mechanism are started, the wave making driving mechanism drives the wave making box to do reciprocating lifting motion along a slide rail, waves are made, the wave eliminating driving mechanism drives a wave eliminating roller to rotate, waves rebounded on the side box wall of the model box are eliminated, the optical fiber grating sensor collects physical parameter information of the similar material stacking body in real time until the similar material stacking body slips, and the experiment is completed.
Further, kaolin is adopted as the similar material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the physical model test device for the seabed landslide can utilize the wave making mechanism to make waves, simulate the seabed environment, utilize the monitoring mechanism to monitor similar materials placed in the model box, can automatically acquire data when the similar materials generate landslide, not only provides teaching test instruments for the seabed landslide model test, but also provides physical experiment data for the seabed landslide numerical simulation, and plays a reference role in researching the seabed landslide phenomenon.
2. The physical model test device for the seabed landslide, provided by the invention, is provided with the wave dissipation mechanism, so that the waves rebounded on the wall of the model box can be eliminated, the influence on the subsequent waves is avoided, the secondary influence of glass on similar material accumulation bodies is also avoided, and the accuracy of the test result is ensured.
3. The physical model test device for the seabed landslide, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the wave dissipation roller is connected with the lifting mechanism, the test requirement of wave dissipation at different water levels in the model box is met, and the applicability of the test device is enhanced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a wave making mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a wave dissipating mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a wave dissipating mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a wave-breaking mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the use state of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a model box, 2, a wave making mechanism, 2-1, a sliding rail, 2-2, a wave making box, 2-3, a connecting rod, 2-4, a swing arm, 2-5, a bracket, 2-6, a bearing seat, 2-7, a first frame body, 2-8, a first rotating motor, 2-9, a first speed reducer, 2-10, a gear transmission mechanism, 3, a wave eliminating mechanism, 3-1, a wave eliminating roller, 3-1-1, a middle shaft, 3-1-2, a circular plate, 3-1-3, a wave eliminating plate, 3-2, a second frame body, 3-3, a four-linkage spiral lifter, 3-4, a support, 3-5, a guide column, 3-6, a guide slide block, 3-7, a second rotating motor, 3-8, a second speed reducer, 3-9 parts of driving wheel, 3-10 parts of driven wheel, 3-11 parts of transmission belt, 3-12 parts of tension wheel, 4 parts of drain valve, 5 parts of fiber grating sensor, 6 parts of optical fiber, 7 parts of optical fiber demodulator and 8 parts of kaolin accumulation body.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
For convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As described in the background art, a test device for researching the sea-bottom landslide does not exist at present, the research on the sea-bottom landslide is inconvenient, and the application provides a physical model test device for the sea-bottom landslide aiming at the problems.
In example 1, which is an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a physical model test device for landslide in the sea bottom includes a model box 1, a wave making mechanism 2 and a wave eliminating mechanism 3 are respectively disposed at two ends of the model box, and the test device further includes a monitoring mechanism for acquiring information data of similar materials inside the model box.
The mold box is used for holding water and similar materials, and the mold box is the open cuboid structure in top, includes the cuboid frame that forms by many girder steel welding, the side of frame is fixed with transparent glass, transparent glass conveniently observes the experimental condition in the mold box as the lateral part tank wall of mold box.
The wave making mechanism comprises four vertical sliding rails 2-1 which are arranged and fixed inside the model box, the four sliding rails are connected with a wave making box 2-2 in a sliding mode, the wave making box can do vertical lifting motion along the sliding rails, the area of the top box wall of the wave making box is larger than that of the bottom box wall, the side box wall of the wave making box, which is located on one side of the wave eliminating mechanism, and the horizontal plane are arranged in an acute angle mode, and when the wave making box does lifting motion along the sliding rails, the side box wall arranged in the acute angle mode with the horizontal plane can generate thrust towards the wave eliminating mechanism to water, so that waves are made.
The wave making box is connected with the wave making driving mechanism, and the wave making driving mechanism can drive the wave making box to do lifting motion along the slide rail.
The wave making driving mechanism comprises a connecting rod 2-3, the bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged to the top box wall of the wave making tank, the top end of the connecting rod is hinged to a swing arm 2-4, the swing arm is connected with a rotation driving mechanism, the rotation driving mechanism can drive the swing arm to rotate, and then the wave making tank is driven by the connecting rod to do lifting motion along a sliding rail, the rotation driving mechanism is installed on a support 2-5, the support is fixed on a first support body 2-7, and the first support body is fixedly connected with the model box.
The swing arm is fixedly connected with the inner ring parts of the bearing seats 2-6, and the shell of each bearing seat is fixedly connected with the top end of the connecting rod, so that the connecting rod is hinged with the swing arm.
The rotary driving mechanism comprises a first rotary motor 2-8 arranged on a support, an output shaft of the first rotary motor is connected with a first speed reducer 2-9, the output shaft of the first speed reducer is connected with a transmission shaft through a gear transmission mechanism 2-10, two ends of the transmission shaft are rotatably connected with bearing seats, the bearing seats are fixed on the support, two ends of the transmission shaft are fixedly connected with the middle part of a swing arm base, the first rotary motor can drive the swing arm to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism and the transmission shaft, the first rotary motor adopts a servo motor, and the rotating speed of the swing arm can be adjusted through the power of the first rotary motor, so that the frequency of waves can be adjusted.
The wave eliminating mechanism comprises two wave eliminating rollers 3-1, two ends of each wave eliminating roller are respectively rotatably connected with two second frame bodies 3-2, the second frame bodies are connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism can drive the second frame bodies and the wave eliminating rollers to do lifting motion, the lifting mechanism adopts a four-linkage spiral lifter 3-3, the four-linkage spiral lifter adopts the existing four-linkage spiral lifter, the specific structure of the four-linkage spiral lifter is not described in detail, a lifting part (a lifting slide block is used as the lifting part) of the four-linkage spiral lifter is connected with the second frame bodies and can drive the second frame bodies to do lifting motion, a driving motor of the four-linkage spiral lifter is fixed on a support 3-4, the support is fixedly connected with a model box, a plurality of guide columns 3-5 are further arranged on the support, and are slidably connected with the second frame bodies through guide slide blocks 3-6, for guiding the movement of the second frame body.
The two wave dissipation rollers are connected with a wave dissipation driving mechanism, the wave dissipation driving mechanism can drive the wave dissipation rollers to rotate, the wave dissipation driving mechanism comprises a second rotating motor 3-7, the second rotating motor is connected with a second speed reducer 3-8, a motor shell of the second rotating motor is fixed with a shell of the second speed reducer, an output shaft of the second rotating motor serves as an output shaft of the second speed reducer, two ends of the output shaft of the second speed reducer are connected with belt transmission mechanisms, and the output shaft of the second speed reducer is connected with the two wave dissipation rollers through the belt transmission mechanisms.
The belt transmission mechanism comprises a driving wheel 3-9 connected with an output shaft of the second speed reducer, a driven wheel 3-10 connected with the end of the wave dissipation roller and a transmission belt 3-11 wound between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both rotatably connected with the second frame body, and the second frame body is further rotatably connected with a tension wheel 3-12 used for tensioning the transmission belt.
The second rotating motor can drive the two wave dissipating rollers to rotate through the belt transmission mechanism.
The second rotating motor adopts a servo motor, so that the power of the second rotating motor can be adjusted, the rotating speed of the wave dissipation roller is further adjusted, and the wave dissipation efficiency is ensured to meet the test requirements.
The wave dissipation roller comprises an intermediate shaft 3-1-1, two ends of the intermediate shaft are fixedly connected with a driven wheel, the intermediate shaft penetrates through a plurality of circular plates 3-1-2 arranged in parallel and is fixedly connected with the circular plates in a welding mode, and a plurality of rectangular wave dissipation plates 3-1-3 are uniformly arranged between every two adjacent circular plates along the circumference.
The second rotating motor drives the wave dissipation roller to rotate, the wave dissipation plate can apply reverse acting force to waves rebounded by the wall of the model box, the rebounded waves are eliminated, secondary influence of the rebounded waves on similar materials in the model box and subsequent waves is prevented, and accuracy of a test result is guaranteed.
And a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the side box wall of the model box on one side of the wave dissipation mechanism and the wave making mechanism, a water discharge pipe is arranged at the water outlet, and a water discharge valve 4 is arranged on the water discharge pipe and used for discharging water and similar materials in the model box.
The monitoring mechanism comprises a plurality of fiber grating sensors 5 which are buried in similar materials in an embedded mode, the fiber grating sensors are connected in series through an optical fiber 6, the optical fiber is connected with an optical fiber demodulator 7, and the influence on the internal mechanical structure of the similar materials is avoided due to the fact that the optical fiber is adopted.
In this embodiment, all elements such as first rotation motor, second rotation motor, elevating system, optic fibre demodulation appearance are connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with the host computer, and the optic fibre demodulation appearance can send the controller to after demodulating the signal that the fiber grating sensor gathered, and the signal that the controller will receive shows on the host computer, and the controller can receive the host computer instruction, controls the work of first rotation motor, second rotation motor and elevating system.
The test device of this embodiment, simple structure, convenient to use, low in manufacturing cost can make the wave and test seabed landslide phenomenon, and data when can the similar material of automatic acquisition produces the landslide not only provides teaching test instrument for seabed landslide model test, can also provide physical experiment data for seabed landslide numerical simulation, has played the reference effect to the research of seabed landslide phenomenon. The unrestrained cylinder that disappears can go up and down the unrestrained demand that disappears when satisfying different water levels, and the suitability is strong.
When the test device of the embodiment is used for testing, as shown in fig. 6, the height of the wave-dissipating roller is adjusted by using the lifting mechanism, then similar materials are prepared, the similar materials adopt kaolin, the kaolin is pre-calculated according to a similar theory and is weighed according to a ratio, then the weighed kaolin is put into the stirring machine to be stirred, the stirred kaolin is put into the model box and is accumulated at a set position between the wave-making mechanism and the wave-dissipating mechanism, the accumulation size of the kaolin is calculated according to the similar theory, the kaolin is compacted after the accumulation size is reached, the plurality of fiber grating sensors are embedded on the kaolin accumulation body 8, then the fiber grating sensors are covered with the kaolin, the optical fibers are led out by being attached to the inner wall of the model box and are connected to the fiber demodulation instrument, and water is injected into the model box.
The first rotating motor and the second rotating motor are started, the first rotating motor drives the swing arm to rotate, the swing arm drives the wave making box to move up and down along the slide rail through the connecting rod, the wave making box applies acting force to water to generate waves, and the waves rebounded through the side box wall of the model box on one side where the wave eliminating mechanism is located are eliminated under the action of the wave eliminating roller.
The physical information of the kaolin accumulation body is collected in real time by the fiber grating sensor, the physical information is demodulated by the fiber grating sensor and then transmitted to the controller, the collected information is displayed by the controller through the upper computer, the kaolin accumulation body generates a landslide phenomenon under the action of waves, the experiment is completed, and the experiment data collected by the fiber grating sensor is transmitted to the controller and then displayed on the upper computer.
The staff can utilize the data of gathering to study the landslide phenomenon of seabed, and the data of gathering has played the reference effect.
And after the test is finished, opening a drain valve, and discharging the water and the kaolin in the model box to finish the whole test process.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a submarine landslide physical model test device which characterized in that includes:
and (4) modeling a box: the two ends of the model box are respectively provided with a wave making mechanism and a wave dissipating mechanism;
wave making mechanism: the device comprises a slide rail vertically and fixedly arranged in a model box, the slide rail is connected with a wave making box in a sliding manner, the wave making box is connected with a wave making driving mechanism, the wave making driving mechanism can drive the wave making box to move up and down along the slide rail, the side box wall of the wave making box, which is positioned at one side of a wave eliminating mechanism, is arranged at an acute angle with the horizontal plane, and the lifting movement along the slide rail can generate thrust towards the wave eliminating mechanism for water;
wave dissipation mechanism: the wave eliminating driving mechanism can drive the wave eliminating roller to rotate, so as to generate acting force on waves rebounded on the wall of the model box and eliminate the waves rebounded through the wall of the model box; the two ends of the wave-dissipating roller are rotatably connected with a second frame body, the second frame body is connected with a lifting mechanism fixedly arranged on the model box, and the lifting mechanism can drive the second frame body and the wave-dissipating roller to do lifting motion;
the monitoring mechanism: the fiber bragg grating sensor system comprises a plurality of fiber bragg grating sensors which are embedded in similar materials, wherein the fiber bragg grating sensors are connected in series by using optical fibers, and the optical fibers are connected with an optical fiber regulator;
the wave dissipation roller comprises an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is connected with a wave dissipation driving mechanism, the intermediate shaft penetrates through a plurality of round plates arranged in parallel and is fixedly connected with the round plates, and a plurality of wave dissipation plates are uniformly arranged between every two adjacent round plates along the circumference and used for eliminating waves rebounded from the wall of the model box;
the wave making driving mechanism comprises a connecting rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged to the top box wall of the wave making box, the top end of the connecting rod is hinged to a swing arm, the swing arm is connected with a rotation driving mechanism installed on a first support body, the first support body is fixedly connected with a model box, the swing arm can be driven to rotate, and the wave making box is driven to move up and down along a sliding rail through the connecting rod.
2. The physical model test device for landslide of claim 1, wherein the rotational driving mechanism comprises a first rotational motor, an output shaft of the first rotational motor is connected with a first reduction gearbox, an output shaft of the first reduction gearbox is connected with a transmission shaft through a gear transmission, and an end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the swing arm.
3. The physical model test device for landslide of claim 1, wherein the wave dissipation driving mechanism comprises a second rotating motor, the second rotating motor is connected with a second reduction gearbox, and two ends of an output shaft of the second reduction gearbox are connected with the wave dissipation roller through a belt transmission mechanism arranged on a second frame body, so that the wave dissipation roller can be driven to rotate.
4. The physical model test device for the seafloor landslide of claim 1, wherein the bottom of one side wall of the model box is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is provided with a water discharge valve.
5. The physical model test device for landslide of claim 1, wherein the side walls of the model box are made of transparent glass to facilitate observation of the test phenomenon.
6. A working method of a physical model test device for sea-bottom landslide as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein similar materials are stacked at a set position between a wave making mechanism and a wave eliminating mechanism of a model box to form a similar material stack, a fiber grating sensor is embedded in the similar material stack, an optical fiber is connected with an optical fiber regulator, water is injected into the model box, the wave making driving mechanism and the wave eliminating driving mechanism are started, the wave making driving mechanism drives the wave making box to reciprocate along a sliding rail to make waves, the wave eliminating driving mechanism drives a wave eliminating roller to rotate to eliminate waves rebounded by side box walls of the model box, and the fiber grating sensor collects physical parameter information of the similar material stack in real time until the similar material stack generates a landslide phenomenon, so that an experiment is completed.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said similar material is kaolin.
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| CN117007275B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2024-04-26 | 深圳大学 | Test system and test method for simulating marine structure-soil body dynamic response |
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| CN108254504A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-06 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The experimental rig and its test method on simulated sea bottom landslide |
| CN207764186U (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-08-24 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The experimental rig on simulated sea bottom landslide |
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