CN111076632A

CN111076632A - Construction method applied to medium-length hole orifices after sand and soil separation

Info

Publication number: CN111076632A
Application number: CN201911319618.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高永�; 吕志云; 孙科; 张强; 赵洪亮; 侯有权; 张彦军
Original assignee: Northwest Branch Of China Metallurgical Technology Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Northwest Branch Of China Metallurgical Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-19
Filing date: 2019-12-19
Publication date: 2020-04-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for applying sand-soil separated to a medium-length hole orifice, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adding original coarse sandy soil into a screening machine for screening, and stirring and screening the original coarse sandy soil into fine sandy soil; after screening by a screening machine, humidifying the fine sandy soil through an atomizing nozzle, primarily stirring, and bagging after uniform stirring to form spare blasting soil; loading the bagged spare gun soil to a charging site; filling a plastic explosive bag after filling the explosive on the explosive filling site, and then driving spare blasting earth into an orifice by connecting the explosive filling machine with a high-pressure air pipe; after the blasting soil is loaded at the construction site, the residual blasting soil is recovered for secondary utilization. The construction method realizes the integration of charging and filling, solves the problems of large filling limitation, long consumed time, poor blasting effect and the like in the charging process, is a construction method with high efficiency, high safety, low cost and simple and convenient operation, and has great significance in mine blasting and mine cost control.

Description

Construction method applied to medium-length hole orifices after sand and soil separation

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of filling of medium-length hole blasting orifices, and particularly relates to a construction method applied to medium-length hole orifices after sand and soil separation.

Background

The filling of the medium-length hole orifices is always an essential step in mine blasting engineering, and is directly related to the mine blasting energy utilization rate, the blasting effect and the economic benefit. And the method also has direct influence on the next ore removal and ore breaking projects of the mine and the control of the block rate. At present, the blast holes are generally filled with stemming in China, and most of stemming is selected from mud or soil stemming. The conventional stemming is used for filling blast holes, so that the partial utilization of explosive energy is guaranteed to a certain extent, but the cost is high, and the method is not suitable for large-area use in mines.

In addition, when the conventional stemming is adopted for filling, the stemming length is about 10cm, the stemming length is only about 1m, and gaps are reserved between the stemming and the explosive critical surface, so that the explosive efficiency is low, large blocks are generated too much, the unit consumption of the explosive is increased, and the blasting economic index is improved. The labor intensity of workers is too high, a specially-assigned person is needed to prepare the stemming before blasting, the specially-assigned person is needed to blast the stemming after the explosive is filled, the labor cost is high, and the efficiency is low.

Therefore, the existing stemming filling mode has the problems of high manufacturing cost, low utilization rate, high labor cost and unsuitability for large-area use in mines.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problems of high manufacturing cost, low utilization rate, high labor cost and unsuitability for large-area use in mines in the conventional stemming filling mode.

Therefore, the technical scheme is that the construction method applied to the medium-length hole orifice after sand and soil separation comprises the following steps:

firstly, adding original coarse sandy soil into a screening machine for screening, and stirring and screening the original coarse sandy soil into fine sandy soil;

after screening by a screening machine, humidifying the fine sandy soil through an atomizing nozzle, primarily stirring, and bagging after uniform stirring to form spare blasting soil;

loading the bagged spare gun soil to a charging site;

after the medicine is filled in the medicine filling site, the medicine bag is filled, and then the medicine filling machine is connected with a high-pressure air pipe to drive spare blasting earth into an orifice;

after the spare blasting soil is completely installed at the construction site, the residual blasting soil is recovered for secondary utilization.

Preferably, the sieve separator is including installing the sieve section of thick bamboo in the frame, a sieve section of thick bamboo is rotated by motor drive, be equipped with filter screen in the sieve section of thick bamboo, the one end of a sieve section of thick bamboo is equipped with the feed inlet, and the other end is equipped with the discharge gate, discharge gate department is equipped with a plurality of atomizer.

Preferably, the discharge gate divides the interface including the fine material that the interval set up and the interface is divided to the coarse material, is used for sieving out the fine sand soil of recovery after the screening and coarse sand soil respectively, the fine material divides interface and coarse material to divide and is equipped with the baffle between the interface, the atomizer orientation the fine material divides the interface, sprays the humidification to the fine sand soil of selecting for pack, retrieve coarse sand soil and carry out secondary recovery or direct abandonment.

Preferably, a sieve section of thick bamboo internal fixation has the steel reinforcement cage, filter screen installs on the steel reinforcement cage, filter screen includes coarse mesh screen and the pore screen that sets up from inside to outside interval, the end of coarse mesh screen and pore screen stretches out a sieve section of thick bamboo ends in the top of baffle, the aperture of coarse mesh screen is 7 ~ 9 millimeters, the aperture of pore screen is 18 ~ 22 meshes.

Preferably, in the screening and stirring process, the motor is started, the raw coarse sand and soil are thrown into the feeding hole by a worker, the raw coarse sand and soil roll on the fine-mesh sieve, and fall into the sieve cylinder after being hit by large stones, and are conveyed to the coarse-mesh sieve for further filtration.

Preferably, after the fine sand is humidified by the atomizing nozzle, blocky and uneven fine sand can be uniformly mixed, then the fine sand is bagged according to a certain proportion, the humidity of the bagged standby blast soil is ensured to be uniform, and the number of bags needing blast soil is determined according to the number of blast holes and the number of filled meters.

Preferably, when the blasting soil is hit into the orifice, firstly, a loading device is used for densely filling the II-type rock expanded ammonium nitrate explosive into the medium-length hole, then the explosive bag is used for separating the explosive in the hole from the blasting soil, and then, the high-pressure air pipe is used for densely filling the sand blasting soil into the orifice through the loading device.

Preferably, the charging device adopts a BQF-100 II type charging device, and the pressure of the charging device is controlled within 1.5 MPa.

Preferably, the motor passes through transmission system and connects the rotation axis of sieve separator, the rotation axis is fixed sieve section of thick bamboo middle part, transmission system is including the belt, gyro wheel mechanism and the eccentric link mechanism that connect gradually, the output of motor is connected the one end of belt, the output of eccentric link mechanism is connected the rotation axis.

Preferably, the roller mechanism comprises a driving roller and a driven roller, the driving roller is connected with the other end of the belt, and the driven roller is connected with the input end of the eccentric link mechanism.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the construction method for filling the middle-deep hole orifices after sand and soil separation is characterized in that sand and soil are screened in a large scale, after being loaded, explosives are distributed to each loading place, and are driven into the middle-deep holes through a BQF-100 II type loading device, so that loading and filling integration is realized, and the problems of large filling limitation, long consumed time, poor blasting effect and the like in the loading process are solved;

the construction method is widely applied to the field of underground metal and nonmetal mines, and has the advantages of high construction efficiency and low management cost;

the method is not only applied to filling of medium-length hole orifices, but also suitable for filling of hole bottoms in broken rock stratums and medium-hard rocks with faults, and has a good filling effect. The blasting efficiency is greatly improved;

the construction method has high safety factor, greatly reduces the friction coefficient with the explosive by spraying water to wet the screened sandy soil, does not generate dust in the charging and filling process, and greatly improves the charging environment of constructors;

the construction method has the advantages of high efficiency, high safety, low cost and simple and convenient operation, and has great significance in the aspects of mine blasting and mine cost control.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a screen drum according to the present invention.

1-a support; 2-an electric motor; 3, a belt; 4-a roller mechanism; 5-eccentric link mechanism; 6, a feeding hole; 7-coarse mesh screen; 8-fine mesh screen; 9-dust blocking box; 10-coarse material interface division; 11-fine material tapping; 12-a baffle plate; 13-connecting rod fixing clip; 14-a screen drum; 15-rotation axis.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "intermediate," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In addition, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that there may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact of the first and second features, or may comprise contact of the first and second features not directly but through another feature in between. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The invention provides a construction method for applying sand and soil after separation to a medium-length hole orifice, which comprises the following steps:

loading the bagged spare gun soil to a charging site;

Wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the screening machine comprises a frame 1, a screen drum 14 is driven by a motor 2 to rotate, the model of the motor 2 is preferably TYPE Y100M-4, the motor 2 is connected with a rotating shaft 15 of the screening machine through a transmission system, the rotating shaft 15 is fixed in the middle of the screen drum 14, and the rotating shaft 15 rotates to drive the screen drum 14 to synchronously rotate. The screening machine has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple structure, convenient installation, easy maintenance, low noise, low energy consumption, high efficiency and low manufacturing cost. The cylindrical screen drum 14 has large screen component and is easy to be enlarged, and the area of the circle is larger than that of other shapes under the same size, so that the effective screening area is large, the materials can fully contact with the filtering screen, and the screen component in unit time is large. And the device is easy to be upsized due to the characteristics of simple structure, small volume, light weight, convenient installation, easy maintenance, small noise, less energy consumption, high efficiency, low manufacturing cost and the like.

The transmission system comprises a belt 3, a roller mechanism and an eccentric link mechanism 5 which are sequentially connected, the output end of the motor 2 is connected with one end of the belt 3, the screening machine is powered by the motor 2, and the motor 2 is started to drive the belt 3 to rotate. The roller mechanism comprises a driving roller and a driven roller 4, the driving roller is connected with the output end of the other end of the belt 3, the driven roller 4 is connected with the input end of the eccentric link mechanism 5, and the output end of the eccentric link mechanism 5 is connected with the rotating shaft 15. The eccentric link mechanism 5 drives the screen drum 14 to reciprocate, and reciprocating screening action is realized.

A filtering screen is arranged in the screen cylinder 14, one end of the screen cylinder 14 is provided with a feed inlet 6, the other end of the screen cylinder is provided with a discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet is provided with a plurality of atomizing nozzles for atomizing and spraying the fine sand. The original coarse sandy soil is not beneficial to filling due to natural air drying, and the screened sandy blast soil is sprayed with moisture through the atomizing nozzle, so that the filling compactness is improved, and the dust yield during filling is reduced.

The discharge port is provided with a coarse material sub-port 10 and a fine material sub-port 11, and a partition plate 12 is arranged between the fine material sub-port 11 and the coarse material sub-port 10. After the screen drum 14 rotates at a constant speed, the recovered coarse sand and fine sand are separated and discharged from the coarse material sub-connector 10 and the fine material sub-connector 11 respectively, and the partition plate 12 plays a role in isolation to prevent the coarse sand and the fine sand from being mixed. The atomizing nozzle faces to the fine material interface 11, the screened fine sandy soil is sprayed and humidified, the humidified fine sandy soil is used for filling, and the coarse sandy soil is recycled for secondary recycling or directly discarded. The whole operation of this equipment is stable, and wearing and tearing are less, and removable multiple filter screen has prolonged the life of equipment. In order to avoid dust to spatter outward or be difficult to collect, it sets up a dust blocking box 9 preferably at the front end of discharge gate, and dust blocking box 9 sets up the other end at a sieve section of thick bamboo 14, and the discharge gate setting is in dust blocking box 9, and fine sand soil or retrieve thick sand soil can fall under the action of gravity like this, is convenient for collect and utilize, has thoroughly solved the dust flying upward phenomenon of screening circulation in-process, has avoided the pollution to operational environment.

14 internal fixation of a sieve section of thick bamboo has the steel reinforcement cage, and the steel reinforcement cage includes coarse mesh screen 7 and the fine pore screen 8 that the interval set up, the aperture of fine pore screen 8 is 7 ~ 9 millimeters, the aperture of coarse mesh screen 7 is 18 ~ 22 meshes.

14 internal fixation of a sieve section of thick bamboo has the steel reinforcement cage, filter screen installs on the steel reinforcement cage, filter screen includes coarse mesh screen 7 and the pore screen 8 that the interval set up, be equipped with between a sieve section of thick bamboo 14 and the coarse mesh screen 7 and filter the passageway, coarse mesh screen 7 and pore screen 8's end stretches out a sieve section of thick bamboo 14 and ends in the top of baffle 12, like this, coarse sand soil can directly fall into coarse fodder and divide interface 10 in, fine sand soil can directly fall into in fine fodder divides interface 11. The aperture of the fine-hole screen 8 is 7-9 mm, preferably 8 mm, and in order to block large stones or foreign matters and avoid smashing the coarse-hole screen 7, the aperture of the coarse-hole screen 7 is 18-22 meshes, preferably 20 meshes, and the fine-hole screen is used for screening proper sandy soil.

In the process of screening and stirring, the motor 2 is started firstly, the raw coarse sandy soil is thrown into the feeding port 6 by a worker, and the raw coarse sandy soil rolls on the fine-hole screen mesh 8, is beaten by large stones, falls into the screen cylinder 14, is conveyed to the fine-hole screen mesh 8, and is further filtered. The screen drum 14 rotates and vibrates, sandy soil meeting requirements falls to the position below the screen frame and is screened out from the discharge hole, and impurities such as large stones and soil blocks fall into the ground through the chute from the impurity hopper at the rear part of the screen drum 14.

After the fine sand is humidified by the atomizing nozzle, blocky and uneven fine sand can be uniformly mixed, then the fine sand is bagged according to a certain proportion, the uniform humidity of the bagged standby blast soil is ensured, and the number of bags of the standby blast soil is determined according to the number of blast holes and the number of meters.

When the spare blasting soil is hit into the orifice, the explosive loader is used for densely filling the II-type rock expanded ammonium nitrate explosive in the medium-length hole, the explosive bag is used for separating the explosive in the hole from the blasting soil, then the high-pressure air pipe is used for densely filling the sand blasting soil in the orifice through the explosive loader, and the explosive bag can be used as a separation buffer layer. The gun soil after humidification passes through the charge ware, fills to the big gun hole that has the separation buffer layer with the explosive through the high-pressure blast pipe in, the gun soil has certain viscidity, and the effect of high-pressure blast in the tuber pipe is compacted the gun soil in the drill way, has guaranteed its density and blasting effect. Preferably, the charging device adopts a BQF-100 II type charging device, and the pressure of the charging device is controlled within 1.5 MPa.

The construction method of the invention has the following application examples:

the first embodiment is as follows: blasting soil filling of 609 stope in Huanglonggou mining area

(1) Overview of the engineering

The number of medium-length holes in the second grooving blasting of the Huanglonggou mining area 609 stope is 996m, the consumed explosive is 2625kg, and 166 consumed detonating tube detonators are 166. The spare blasting soil 15 bags made by the invention are consumed by about 450kg, the blasting is filled for about 15min, 75 blasting holes are filled in total, and medium-length holes 156m with the aperture of 65mm are filled.

(2) Application effects

The total charging time of the blasting is two hours, the blasting effect is obvious, and the integral block rate is not more than 2 percent and far exceeds the blasting of unfilled blasting soil. The blasting effect is better than that of the prior construction method in the aspects of safety, quality and blasting effect.

Example two: blasting soil filling of 511 stope of yellow dragon ditch mining area

(1) Overview of the engineering

The number of meters of medium-length holes in the first chamber blasting of the stope of the Huanglonggou mining area 511 is 750m, 1825kg of explosive is consumed, and 226 detonating tube detonators are consumed. The spare blasting soil prepared by the invention is consumed by 14 bags of 420kg, the blasting is carried out for filling the blasting soil for about 20min, 105 blasting holes are filled in total, and 150m of medium-length holes with the aperture of 65mm are filled.

(2) Application effects

The total charging time of the blasting is one hour, the blasting effect is good, and the integral block rate is not more than 1.8 percent and far exceeds that of the blasting without filling blast earth. The blasting effect is better than that of the prior construction method in the aspects of safety, quality and blasting effect.

According to the invention, the spare blasting soil formed after sand separation is a good filling material, so that the filling compactness of the blasting hole can be ensured, and a certain gap is provided for facilitating the explosive to fully combust and explode so as to release the maximum heat and reduce the generation amount of toxic gas; the temperature and the pressure of the free surface of the explosive gas escaping are reduced, the thermal efficiency of the explosive is improved, and more heat energy is converted into mechanical work; the method has the advantages of preventing hot solid particles (such as fragments of a detonator shell and the like) from flying out of a blast hole, and improving the blasting safety.

The construction method for filling the medium-length hole after sand and soil separation is characterized in that sand and soil are screened in a large scale, after being loaded, explosives are distributed to each loading place, and are driven into the medium-length hole through a BQF-100 II type loading device, so that loading and filling integration is realized, and the problems of large filling limitation, long consumed time, poor blasting effect and the like in the loading process are solved;

It should be noted that the above embodiments are all preferred embodiments, relevant functional components may be replaced by other components, and the related units and modules are not necessarily required by the present application. The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The construction method applied to the medium-length hole orifice after sand and soil separation provided by the application is described in detail, a specific example is applied in the construction method to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the application, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A construction method for applying sand to a medium-length hole orifice after sand separation is characterized by comprising the following steps:

loading the bagged spare gun soil to a charging site;

2. The construction method for the medium-length hole opening after sand and soil separation is applied to the medium-length hole opening according to the claim 1, characterized in that the screening machine comprises a screen drum (14) which is installed on a frame, the screen drum (14) is driven by a motor (2) to rotate, a filtering screen is installed in the screen drum (14), one end of the screen drum (14) is provided with a feeding hole (6), the other end of the screen drum is provided with a discharging hole, and the discharging hole is provided with a plurality of atomizing nozzles.

3. The construction method for the medium-length hole orifice after sand and soil separation is applied to the medium-length hole orifice according to claim 2, wherein the discharge port comprises a fine material sub-port (11) and a coarse material sub-port (10) which are arranged at intervals and are respectively used for screening out the screened recovered fine sand and coarse sand, a partition plate (12) is arranged between the fine material sub-port (11) and the coarse material sub-port (10), the atomizing nozzle faces the fine material sub-port (11) and sprays and humidifies the screened fine sand and soil for filling, and the recovered coarse sand and soil is subjected to secondary recovery or direct abandonment.

4. The construction method for the medium-length hole opening after sand and soil separation is applied to the medium-length hole opening according to claim 3, characterized in that a reinforcement cage is fixed in the screen cylinder (14), the filter screen is installed on the reinforcement cage and comprises a coarse screen (7) and a fine screen (8) which are arranged from inside to outside at intervals, the tail ends of the coarse screen (7) and the fine screen (8) extend out of the screen cylinder (14) and are stopped above the partition plate (12), the aperture of the coarse screen (7) is 7-9 mm, and the aperture of the fine screen (7) is 18-22 meshes.

5. The construction method of the medium-deep hole opening after sand and soil separation is characterized in that in the process of screening and stirring, a motor (2) is started firstly, raw coarse sand and soil materials are thrown into a feed port (6) by workers, the raw coarse sand and soil rolls on a coarse screen (7), and after being hit by a large stone, the raw coarse sand and soil fall into a screen cylinder (14) and are conveyed to a fine screen (8) for further filtration.

6. The construction method of the medium-length hole orifice after the sand and soil are sorted is characterized in that the fine sand and soil are humidified by the atomizing nozzle, the blocky and uneven fine sand and soil can be uniformly stirred, then the fine sand and soil are bagged according to a certain proportion, the humidity of the bagged spare blast soil is ensured to be uniform, and the number of bags of the spare blast soil is determined according to the number of blast holes and the number of filling meters.

7. The construction method of the middle-deep hole orifice after sand and soil separation according to claim 1, characterized in that when the spare blasting soil is driven into the orifice, a loading device is used for densely filling the II-type rock expanded ammonium nitrate explosive in the middle-deep hole, a blasting medicine bag is used for separating the explosive in the hole from the spare blasting soil, and then a high-pressure air pipe is used for densely filling the sand blasting soil in the orifice through the loading device.

8. The construction method applied to the medium-length hole orifices after sand sorting according to claim 7, characterized in that a BQF-100 II type loading device is adopted as the loading device, and the pressure of the loading device is controlled within 1.5 MPa.

9. The construction method applied to the medium-length hole opening after sand and soil separation is characterized in that the motor (2) is connected with a rotating shaft (15) of the screening machine through a transmission system, the rotating shaft (15) is fixed in the middle of the screen drum (14), the transmission system comprises a belt (3), a roller mechanism and an eccentric link mechanism (5) which are sequentially connected, the output end of the motor (2) is connected with one end of the belt (3), and the output end of the eccentric link mechanism (5) is connected with the rotating shaft (15).

10. The construction method applied to the medium-length hole opening after sand and soil separation is characterized in that the roller mechanism comprises a driving roller and a driven roller, the driving roller is connected with the other end of the belt (3), and the driven roller is connected with the input end of the eccentric connecting rod mechanism (5).