CN111076340A - Double-pipe ventilation device for limited space operation and working method thereof - Google Patents
Double-pipe ventilation device for limited space operation and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111076340A CN111076340A CN201911339924.3A CN201911339924A CN111076340A CN 111076340 A CN111076340 A CN 111076340A CN 201911339924 A CN201911339924 A CN 201911339924A CN 111076340 A CN111076340 A CN 111076340A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
- F24F7/08—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
- F24F11/526—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays giving audible indications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/56—Remote control
- F24F11/58—Remote control using Internet communication
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/32—Supports for air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation units
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-pipe ventilation device for limited space operation and a working method thereof, wherein the double-pipe ventilation device comprises a floating island mechanism, an air blowing mechanism, an air pumping mechanism and a first monitoring mechanism; the first air outlet end of the air blowing mechanism is communicated with the floating island mechanism; when the double-tube ventilation device in the limited space is used, the first air inlet end of the air blowing mechanism is arranged outside the limited space, the first air outlet end of the air blowing mechanism extends into the limited space and is communicated with the floating island mechanism, the second air outlet end of the air exhaust mechanism is arranged outside the limited space, and the second air inlet end of the air exhaust mechanism extends into the limited space. The device can fully stir and extract the gas in the limited space, simultaneously quickly and effectively replace the fresh air in the atmosphere to enter the limited space, and ensure the life safety of operators and rescue workers in the limited space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of equipment and equipment for limited space operation and emergency rescue, and particularly relates to a double-pipe ventilation device for limited space operation and a working method thereof.
Background
When the sewage pool is cleaned, the operation in a limited space is easy to cause a faint accident or a death accident. The number of similar death accidents exceeds one hundred every year. The reasons for this are many, but the most fundamental reason is that the air in the sewage pool, i.e. the limited space, contains toxic and harmful gases or oxygen-poor and bad air, which is the main cause of the death accident of people. If the air in the limited space of the sewage pool is the safe breathable air for human body, the death accident caused by the inhalation of bad air or oxygen deficiency of people can not be caused.
Therefore, as long as toxic and harmful gas or anoxic bad air does not exist in the limited space, the death of people due to breathing can not be caused. Therefore, the operation in the limited space is safe, and the effective ventilation is the key point.
The existing ventilation technology for the limited space is, for example, the standard of NFPA350 in the United states, and generally adopts a blower to pass through a hose, and the hose penetrates into the operation range of the limited space to blow normal air in the atmosphere into the limited space, so that toxic, harmful or anoxic and poor air in the limited space is forced to be discharged. Or the blower uses the reverse method to pump out the bad air in the limited space. The ventilation mode of blowing and exhausting by using a single tube has a plurality of defects, the single tube blowing or exhausting often cannot form continuous effective replacement circulation due to insufficient and unsettled ventilation, or accumulation of bad gas at the corner position of a space structure, or continuous leakage source of the bad gas, the gas in the limited space can only be extracted from the air part close to the outlet position, most of the original oxygen-deficient bad air in the limited space can not be extracted, the harmful gas with the bottom layer heavier than the air in the limited space can not be extracted, the corner position in the limited space, sludge and other states, and toxic harmful gas or oxygen-deficient bad air still exists. Once the air in the confined space stops flowing or the flow is reduced or the poor air is not completely replaced, the poor air can cause injury and death of the operator due to breathing. The bad air in the limited space is the most basic reason for the death of people due to breathing
The common method is to sleeve or hang the blower on a hose, and in most cases, the air leakage phenomenon is certainly caused at the joint because the inlet or the outlet of the pump is connected with the pipeline instead of being tightly connected in a flange way. Because the air leakage is caused at the joint of the outlet of the blower and the hose, the air flow pressure is reduced, the air blown out by the blower cannot be blown into the limited space completely, and powerful positive pressure air cannot be generated, so that the original bad air in the limited space is squeezed into the atmosphere.
As long as the air in the limited space is safe and is air which accords with the breathing of the human body, the operating personnel can not inhale toxic and harmful gas or harmful air without oxygen deficiency, and the phenomenon of death caused by breathing can not occur.
The key point of the safe operation of the limited space lies in whether the operation space can be effectively ventilated, the fresh air in the atmosphere is injected, the poisonous, harmful and anoxic bad air can be discharged, the fresh air can be blown into each corner of the limited space, and the bad air can be continuously and effectively replaced. If the operation in a limited space is realized, the death chances of operators and rescue workers are greatly reduced.
In utility model patent application No. CN201520757560.1, a ventilation device is disclosed, which comprises: the support, throw the wind ware, exhaust pipe and relief pressure valve, throw the wind ware in air supply source and the container outside through the exhaust pipe intercommunication container, make the compressed air that is provided by the air supply source outside the container, obtain the malleation air back through the relief pressure valve decompression, get into through the exhaust pipe again and throw the wind ware, and then by throwing the wind ware in this malleation air of future discharges to the container, thereby provide fresh malleation air for the maintainer's in the container breathing zone, finally make the maintainer under the constraint of no additional equipment, carry out complicated maintenance work in the finite space, realize under the condition that does not influence the maintainer operation, reduce the maintainer because of the risk of toxic gas poisoning.
However, the ventilation device disclosed in the above utility model is to blow normal air into the limited space through a single hose, and the harmful gases or the oxygen deficient harmful air still exist in the states such as the bottom layer heavier than air in the limited space, the corner places in the limited space, or the sludge. Once the air in the limited space stops flowing or the flow is weakened or the poor air is not completely replaced, or a continuous harmful gas leakage source exists, the poor air can cause casualty accidents caused by breathing of operators.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, a primary object of the present invention is to provide a double-pipe ventilation device for limited space operation and a working method thereof, which can sufficiently stir and extract gas in a limited space, and simultaneously, quickly and effectively replace fresh air in the atmosphere to enter the limited space, thereby ensuring the life safety of operators and rescuers in the limited space.
The invention also aims to provide a double-pipe ventilation device for limited space operation and a working method thereof, which have the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and easiness in wide popularization, and can greatly reduce the death chance of limited space operators.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a double-pipe ventilation device for a limited space, which comprises a floating island mechanism, an air blowing mechanism, an air pumping mechanism and a first monitoring mechanism, wherein the air blowing mechanism is used for blowing external fresh air into the limited space; the first monitoring mechanism is arranged on the floating island mechanism, the air blowing mechanism is provided with a first air inlet end and a first air outlet end, the air pumping mechanism is provided with a second air inlet end and a second air outlet end, a second monitoring mechanism is arranged at the port of the second air outlet end, and the first air outlet end of the air blowing mechanism is communicated with the floating island mechanism; when the double-pipe ventilation device with the limited space is used, the floating island mechanism is arranged in the limited space, the first air inlet end of the air blowing mechanism is arranged outside the limited space, the first air outlet end of the air blowing mechanism extends into the limited space and is communicated with the floating island mechanism, the second air outlet end of the air pumping mechanism is arranged outside the limited space, and the second air inlet end of the air pumping mechanism extends into the limited space. In the invention, the floating island can be placed on the ground in a limited space or float on water, so as to prevent the first air outlet end from being trapped in water or soil; the first monitoring mechanism can be used for monitoring whether air in the limited space is normal or not, when the first monitoring mechanism monitors that the air is normal, the first monitoring mechanism is compared with the second monitoring mechanism, and after the air is monitored by the second monitoring mechanism, related operating personnel or non-respiratory protection personnel can enter the limited space operation, and if the first monitoring mechanism monitors that the air is abnormal, the personnel in the limited space can be timely withdrawn, so that the safety of the personnel can be better guaranteed; the blowing mechanism blows external normal nontoxic harmless fresh air into the limited space through the floating island mechanism through the first air inlet end and the first air outlet end, meanwhile, the air in the limited space is stirred, the air forms turbulent flow, other original gases heavier than the air are disturbed and float, the disturbed and floating gas is pumped out through the second air inlet end of the air pumping mechanism, then the gases are led out to the external space through the second air outlet end, and the safety gas monitored by the second monitoring mechanism on the second air outlet end is the safety gas which is used for confirming that the gases in the limited space are safe. Can stir the gas in the finite space fully through above-mentioned setting, take out from, fresh air gets into the finite space in the while quick, the replacement atmosphere effectively, guarantees operator in the finite space, first-aid staff's life safety, and this double-barrelled ventilation unit in finite space simple structure does not influence finite space operation personnel and flees or first-aid staff and come in and go out, convenient operation easily extensively promotes, but greatly reduced finite space operation personnel's death chance.
Furthermore, the blowing mechanism comprises a blowing pump, a first pipeline and a first connecting flange, the first air inlet end and the first air outlet end are arranged at two ends of the first pipeline, the blowing pump and the first pipeline are connected in a sealing mode through the first connecting flange, and the blowing pump is arranged at a position close to the first air inlet end. Whether the blowing pump can effectively blow the fresh air into the limited space or not is very important, whether the blowing pump can effectively and quickly ventilate the limited space or not is important, and the key points are whether the connection part of the blowing pump and the pipeline is tight or not and whether the pipeline is damaged or blocked.
Furthermore, the air exhaust mechanism comprises an air exhaust pump, a second pipeline and a second connecting flange, the second air inlet end and the second air outlet end are arranged at two ends of the second pipeline, the air exhaust pump and the second pipeline are connected and communicated through the second connecting flange, the air exhaust pump is arranged at a position close to the second air outlet end, the second air inlet end of the second pipeline is hung in a limited space in a hanging mode, and the position of the first air outlet end in the limited space is lower than that of the second air inlet end. In the invention, whether the air pump can effectively pump the bad gas out of the limited space is very important, and whether the key of the effect of the air pump lies in the connection part of the air pump and the pipeline and whether the pipeline is damaged or blocked; through the position setting of first end of giving vent to anger and second inlet end, can stir the gas in the finite space more fully, take out and leave, simultaneously quick, replace fresh air in the atmosphere effectively and get into the finite space, guarantee operator, rescue personnel's life safety in the finite space.
Further, chinampa mechanism is including floating pad and pendulum to the device, the bottom surface at finite space is placed to the floating pad, the pendulum is fixed on the floating pad to the device, the first end of giving vent to anger is linked together to the device with the pendulum, the pendulum is to being provided with the fan blade in the device, the pendulum can carry out the level to the device through prior art's control and rotate, the fan blade can carry out the vertical or horizontal hunting through prior art's control to produce irregular rotation direction, irregular slew velocity and irregular rhythm's wind pressure, stir the gas heavier than the air and produce turbulent air current than the gas that the air is lighter and make it float. When the blowing device blows external fresh air to the swinging device through the first air outlet end, the swinging device enables the air flow to swing and rotate through the swinging of the fan blades and the rotation of the fan blades, the air flow is disordered or strong or weak, the air pressure in different spaces is high or low, the air is irregularly compressed and diffused, harmful gases hidden at corners can be disturbed and floated, then, the mixed and floated toxic and harmful gases and the anoxic harmful air are pumped out of the limited space through the suspended second air inlet end, the fresh air in the atmosphere is effectively replaced to enter the limited space, and the life safety of operators and rescuers in the limited space is ensured.
Further, first monitoring mechanism is including being used for monitoring whether normal first monitor of air in the finite space and the alarm that is used for sending alarm signal, first monitor is connected with the alarm communication, first monitor all sets up on the floating mat with the alarm. According to the invention, the air quality in the limited space can be monitored in real time through the arrangement of the first monitor, when the first monitor monitors that the air in the limited space is abnormal, an abnormal signal is sent to the alarm, the alarm sends out an alarm signal to inform operators in the limited space to evacuate as soon as possible, and the safety of the operators can be better guaranteed; first monitor and alarm are prior art, can realize above-mentioned function can.
Furthermore, a communication device with a signal amplification function or a relay function is arranged on the floating mat. In the invention, because the communication signals in the limited space can be shielded or the signals are weak and cannot be communicated with the ground, the communication device with the signal amplification function or the relay function can be communicated up and down by utilizing the pipeline channel, so that the safety of operators can be better ensured; the communication device is the prior art, and can realize the functions.
Further, the second monitoring mechanism comprises a second monitor for comparing the measured gas concentration of the first monitor. The detection of gas safety by the first monitor on the first monitoring mechanism is not entirely representative of the safety of gas in confined air. The gas is monitored to be safe through a second monitor on a second monitoring mechanism on the second gas outlet port so as to represent that the gas in the limited space is truly safe. Because, part of the undesirable gas floats in a higher position than air is lighter. The first monitor on the first monitoring mechanism monitors the gas with higher floating. Only after the gas monitored by the first monitor on the first monitoring mechanism is compared with the gas monitored by the second monitor on the second monitoring mechanism, the gas is the same safe gas, and the data are basically consistent, so that the safe operation can be realized. The second monitor is prior art, can realize above-mentioned function can.
The invention also provides a working method of the limited space double-pipe ventilation device, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, before the limited space operation begins, the air blowing mechanism and the air exhaust mechanism are installed near the entrance and exit of the limited space, then the first air outlet end of the air blowing mechanism is connected with the floating cushion, the first air outlet end is communicated with the direction swinging device fixed on the floating cushion, then the floating cushion fixed with the direction swinging device, the first monitoring mechanism and the first air outlet end is placed in the limited space, and the first monitoring mechanism monitors the air quality in the limited space in real time;
step S2, placing the second air inlet end of the air exhaust mechanism into the limited space to hang in the limited space;
step S3, starting the blowing pump to blow external fresh air into the limited space through the first air outlet end; meanwhile, the air extracting pump is started, and the bad air in the limited space is extracted to the external space through the second air inlet end after being stirred by the operation of the swinging device;
and step S4, when the first monitor on the floating mat displays that the gas reaches the human body breathing standard, and the second monitor mechanism monitors that the gas reaches the human body breathing standard, the floating mat can enter the limited space to start operation. The concentration of the harmful gas monitored by the first monitoring mechanism is compared with the concentration of the harmful gas monitored by the second monitoring mechanism, so that whether the harmful gas continuously gushes out in a limited space can be found.
In the invention, through the operation steps, normal air is continuously blown into the limited space, the bad air is continuously pumped out, the air is circularly exchanged, and a large amount of fresh air enters into the limited space to quickly dilute the bad air in the limited space until the air in the limited space meets the safe air breathed by a human body, so that the safe operation can be realized. If a small quantity of continuous release sources of toxic and harmful gases exist, the gas is diluted and stirred in a continuous blowing and pumping ventilation mode, floats and is pumped out, and the hazard level is greatly reduced. The air in the limited space can quickly and effectively reach the air standard of safe operation.
Further, in step S3, when the pump is started, the airflow goes from the first inlet end to the first outlet end along with the first pipeline, the airflow at the first outlet end pushes the swinging device to horizontally rotate, and the blades also swing up and down. Meanwhile, external fresh gas is continuously input, certain pressure is generated, and gas movement is more active; simultaneously, the air pump starts, makes the turbulent bad gas follow the second pipeline from the second inlet end, gives vent to anger the end to the second to constantly take out bad gas, produce the negative pressure near the second inlet end, a large amount of gas are taken out rapidly. In the invention, through the arrangement, the gas in the limited space can be fully stirred and extracted. Meanwhile, fresh air in the atmosphere is quickly and effectively replaced to enter the limited space, and the life safety of operators and rescue workers in the limited space is guaranteed.
Further, when the first monitor and/or the second monitor monitors that the air in the limited space is abnormal, the abnormal signal is sent to the alarm, the alarm sends out an alarm signal, and an operator in the limited space is informed to evacuate as soon as possible or is not allowed to enter the limited space for operation. According to the invention, the safety of the operator can be better guaranteed through the arrangement.
In order to reduce the space occupied by the pipeline, the pipeline enters the limited space part, and the first air inlet pipe is sleeved in the second air inlet pipe sleeve. The connection between the air pump and the air blowing pump adopts a Y-shaped structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, in the invention, the floating island can be placed on the ground in a limited space or float on water, so that the first air outlet end is prevented from being trapped in water or muddy mud; the first monitoring mechanism can be used for monitoring whether air at a lower position in a limited space is normal or not, when the first monitoring mechanism monitors that the air is normal, and when the air is compared with the air monitored by the second monitoring mechanism to be normal, related operators or persons without respiratory protection can enter the limited space operation, and if the first or second monitoring mechanism monitors that the air is abnormal, the persons in the limited space can be timely withdrawn, so that the safety of the persons can be better guaranteed; the blowing mechanism blows the normal, nontoxic and harmless fresh air outside into the limited space through the floating island mechanism through the first air inlet end and the first air outlet end, meanwhile, the air in the limited space is stirred, the air forms turbulent flow, other gases which are heavier than the air are disturbed and floated, the disturbed and floated gases are pumped out through a second air inlet end of the air pumping mechanism, then the gas is led out to the external space through the second gas outlet end, the gas in the limited space can be fully stirred and extracted through the arrangement, simultaneously, the fresh air in the atmosphere is quickly and effectively replaced to enter the limited space, the life safety of operators and rescue workers in the limited space is ensured, the double-pipe ventilation device for the limited space has the advantages of simple and effective structure, no influence on escape of operators in the limited space or entry and exit of rescuers, convenient operation, easy and wide popularization and capability of greatly reducing the death chance of the operators in the limited space.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a limited space double pipe ventilation apparatus implemented by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a limited space double-duct ventilation apparatus, which comprises a floating island mechanism 1, a blowing mechanism 2 for blowing fresh air from outside into a limited space 100, an air-extracting mechanism 3 for extracting bad air from the inside of the limited space 100, and a first monitoring mechanism (not shown) for monitoring whether the air in the limited space 100 is normal; the first monitoring mechanism (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the floating island mechanism 1, the air blowing mechanism 2 is provided with a first air inlet end 10 and a first air outlet end 20, the air pumping mechanism 3 is provided with a second air inlet end 30 and a second air outlet end 40, the port of the second air outlet end 40 is provided with a second monitoring mechanism (not shown in the figure), and the first air outlet end 20 of the air blowing mechanism 2 is communicated with the floating island mechanism 1; when the limited space double-tube ventilation device is used, the floating island mechanism 1 is arranged in the limited space 100, the first air inlet end 10 of the air blowing mechanism 2 is arranged outside the limited space 100, the first air outlet end 20 of the air blowing mechanism 2 extends into the limited space 100 and is communicated with the floating island mechanism 1, the second air outlet end 40 of the air pumping mechanism 3 is arranged outside the limited space 100, and the second air inlet end 30 of the air pumping mechanism 3 extends into the limited space 100. In the present invention, the floating island may be placed on the ground in the limited space 100 or floated on water, which serves to prevent the first air outlet end 20 from being trapped in water or soil; the first monitoring mechanism (not shown) can be used for monitoring whether the air in the limited space 100 is normal or not, when the first monitoring mechanism (not shown) monitors that the air is normal, after the air is compared with the air monitored by the second monitoring mechanism (not shown), and after the air meets the health standard of a human body, relevant operating personnel or persons without respiratory protection can enter the limited space 100 for operation, if the first monitoring mechanism (not shown) monitors that the air is abnormal, the personnel in the limited space 100 can be timely withdrawn, and the personnel safety can be better guaranteed; the blowing mechanism 2 blows external normal nontoxic harmless fresh air into the limited space 100 through the floating island mechanism 1 through the first air inlet end 10 and the first air outlet end 20, simultaneously stirs the air in the limited space 100, the air forms turbulent flow, other gases heavier than the air are disturbed and floated, the disturbed and floated gas is pumped out through the second air inlet end 30 of the air pumping mechanism 3 and then is led out to the external space through the second air outlet end 40, and a second monitoring mechanism (not shown) on the second air outlet end 40 monitors that the safe gas is the gas in the limited space 100 which is confirmed to be safe. Through the setting, the gas in the limited space 100 can be fully stirred and can be taken out, meanwhile, the fresh air in the atmosphere can be quickly and effectively replaced to enter the limited space 100, the life safety of operators and rescue workers in the limited space 100 is ensured, the double-pipe ventilation device for the limited space has a simple structure, the escape of the operators in the limited space 100 or the entrance and exit of the rescue workers are not influenced, the operation is convenient, the device is easy to widely popularize, and the death chance of the operators in the limited space 100 can be greatly reduced.
In this embodiment, the air blowing mechanism 2 includes an air blowing pump 21, a first pipe 22 and a first connecting flange (not shown), the first air inlet end 10 and the first air outlet end 20 are disposed at two ends of the first pipe 22, the air blowing pump 21 and the first pipe 22 are hermetically connected and communicated through the first connecting flange (not shown), and the air blowing pump 21 is disposed at a position close to the first air inlet end 10. Whether the blowing pump 21 can effectively blow the fresh air into the limited space 100 or not is very important, whether the limited space 100 can effectively and quickly ventilate is or not, and the key points are whether the connection part of the blowing pump 21 and the pipeline is tight or not and whether the pipeline is damaged or blocked or not.
In practical applications, the impeller of the blower 21 may be centrifugal, axial or hybrid; the first pipe 22 can be a flexible hose pipe, the first outlet end 20 is located at the bottom of the limited space 100, and the first outlet end 20 can be parallel to the environment plane.
In this embodiment, the air pumping mechanism 3 includes an air pumping pump 31, a second pipeline 32 and a second connecting flange (not shown), the second air inlet end 30 and the second air outlet end 40 are disposed at two ends of the second pipeline 32, the air pumping pump 31 and the second pipeline 32 are connected and communicated through the second connecting flange (not shown), the air pumping pump 31 is disposed at a position close to the second air outlet end 40, the second air inlet end 30 of the second pipeline 32 is suspended in the limited space 100, and the position of the first air outlet end 20 in the limited space 100 is lower than that of the second air inlet end 30. In the present invention, it is very important whether the air pump 31 can effectively pump the bad air out of the limited space 100, and whether the key to the effectiveness lies in the connection between the air pump 31 and the pipeline, and whether the pipeline is damaged or blocked, the present invention adopts the flange type tight connection through the second connecting flange (not shown), rather than the binding band or hook mode, which can ensure that the air flow of the air pump 31 will not leak before the air flow is not pumped out of the limited space 100, and the use is safer; through the position arrangement of the first air outlet end 20 and the second air inlet end 30, the gas in the limited space 100 can be more fully stirred and extracted, and meanwhile, the fresh air in the atmosphere can be quickly and effectively replaced to enter the limited space 100, so that the life safety of operators and rescue workers in the limited space 100 is ensured.
In practical applications, the impeller of the suction pump 31 may be of the centrifugal type, axial type or hybrid type; the second pipe 32 can be a flexible hose pipe, and the second air outlet end 40 can be suspended in the limited space 100; the blower pump 21 is opposite to the impeller of the suction pump 31; the power of the blowing pump 21 or the air pump 31 can be alternating current, direct current or oil gas power machine, or hydraulic, pneumatic or hydraulic power machine. It may be an electric motor, or an internal combustion engine, or other transmission. Can be one lifting force or a plurality of linkage. The air pump 31 and the blower pump 21 may be provided with power machines, respectively. The power of the blower pump 21 may be integrated with the pump or may be separate from the pump. The power of the air pump 31 may be integrated with the pump or may be separate from the pump.
In practical applications, the second outlet 40 is suspended in the confined space 100 for air extraction. The first air outlet end 20 is arranged on the floating island structure 1. The two may also be interchanged. The first conduit 22 or the second conduit 32 may be flexible or rigid.
In this embodiment, the floating island mechanism 1 includes a floating mat and a swinging device, the floating mat is placed on the bottom surface of the limited space 100, the swinging device is fixed on the floating mat, the first air outlet end 20 is communicated with the swinging device, a fan blade is arranged in the swinging device, the swinging device can horizontally rotate under the control of the prior art, the fan blade can swing up and down or left and right under the control of the prior art, and an irregular rotating direction, an irregular rotating speed and an irregular rhythm wind pressure are generated, and the gas heavier than air and the gas lighter than air are stirred to generate a turbulent airflow to float. In the invention, when the blowing device blows external fresh air to the swinging device through the first air outlet end 20, the swinging device enables the air flow to swing and rotate through the swinging of the fan blades and the rotation of the swinging device, the air flow is disordered or strong or weak, the air pressure in different spaces is high or low, the air is irregularly compressed and diffused, harmful gases hidden at corners can be disturbed and floated, then, the mixed floated toxic harmful gases and anoxic harmful air are pumped out of the limited space 100 through the suspended second air inlet end 30, the fresh air in the atmosphere is effectively replaced to enter the limited space 100, and the life safety of operators and rescuers in the limited space 100 is ensured.
In practical applications, the floating mat is made of various materials that can float on water, and is used for supporting the first air outlet end 20 without the first air outlet end 20 being trapped in water or soil. In addition, the air flow disturbing device of the first air outlet end 20 can be arranged on the floating mat. The floating cushion can be provided with devices for communication, monitoring, alarming and the like. The first outlet end 20 is ported with an air flow oscillating device to agitate the air in the confined space 100. The heavier than air gas no longer deposits and settles on the bottom layer of the confined space 100. Through port air current pendulous device, the air forms the sinuous flow, and other gas that original is heavier than the air is floated by the disturbance, and the floating gas of disturbance is taken out to unsettled bleed-off pipeline under the effect of aspiration pump 31, leading-in atmosphere.
In practical application, the swinging device can utilize the power of the blowing pressure and can also utilize electric drive. For example, when the wind blows the swinging device, the upper part swings horizontally on the base of the swinging device. I.e. in a rocking manner. The upper part is provided with a horizontal fan blade which is driven by power to move up and down. Namely, a closed mouth manner. The horizontal fan blades are arranged on the vertical disc. The disc may rotate in a vertical manner. The fan blades are gradually inclined from the horizontal position by the rotation of the circular disc. The horizontal fan blades are rotated by the disc, so that the airflow is distorted. Through the horizontal swing of the upper part, the rotation of the disc, the up-and-down movement of the fan blades and the stirring of air, the air is irregularly floated, and the air cleaner is beneficial to quickly pumping out bad air in the limited space 100.
In this embodiment, the first monitoring mechanism (not shown) includes a first monitor for monitoring whether the air in the limited space 100 is normal or not and an alarm for sending an alarm signal, the first monitor is in communication connection with the alarm, and both the first monitor and the alarm are disposed on the floating mat. In the invention, the air quality in the limited space 100 can be monitored in real time through the arrangement of the first monitor, when the first monitor monitors that the air in the limited space 100 is abnormal, an abnormal signal is sent to the alarm, the alarm sends out an alarm signal to inform operating personnel in the limited space 100 to evacuate as soon as possible, and the safety of the operating personnel can be better ensured; first monitor and alarm are prior art, can realize above-mentioned function can.
In practical applications, the first monitor and the second monitor may be gas monitoring, leakage monitoring, or life monitoring. And the method can be electronic, infrared, video and the like. The first monitor and the second monitor can be fixed or movable; alarms are emergency notification devices that are responsible for underground or ground, or other emergency situations. It can be an acoustic and optical alarm structure.
In this embodiment, a communication device having a signal amplification function or a relay function is further provided on the floating mat. In the invention, because the communication signal in the limited space 100 may be shielded or the signal is weak and cannot be communicated with the ground, the communication device with the signal amplification function or the relay function can be communicated up and down by using the pipeline channel, so that the safety of the operating personnel can be better ensured; the communication device is the prior art, and can realize the functions.
In practical application, the communication device is a method for solving the problem that underground communication signals are shielded and cannot be communicated with the ground. Can be used as a signal transfer amplifier. The communication signal can be a wired communication signal or a wireless communication signal.
In the limited space 100, most of the telecommunication signals are shielded, and the ground guardian cannot communicate with the operating personnel and the rescue personnel in the limited space 100. At this time, the communication device on the floating mat can be used for communication.
The rescue personnel in the limited space 100 must wear the protective breathing apparatus. Such as air respirators and the like. However, they are often abandoned because the equipment is heavy and unable to enter narrow passageways, or because the air respirators are too short to perform in a short time. This situation can be solved in the normal state of the device of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the second monitoring mechanism (not shown) includes a second monitor (not shown) for comparing the measured gas concentration of the first monitor (not shown). The safety of the gas detected by a first monitor (not shown) on a first monitoring mechanism (not shown) does not fully represent that the gas in the confined atmosphere 100 is safe. The gas is monitored to be safe by a second monitor (not shown) on a second monitoring mechanism (not shown) on the port of the second gas outlet end 40 to represent that the gas in the confined space 100 is truly safe. Because, part of the undesirable gas floats in a higher position than air is lighter. A first monitor (not shown) on a first monitoring mechanism (not shown) monitors the gas that is floating higher. Only when the gas monitored by the first monitor (not shown) on the first monitoring mechanism (not shown) is compared with the gas monitored by the second monitor (not shown) on the second monitoring mechanism (not shown), the gas is the same safe gas, and the data are basically consistent, the safe operation can be realized. The second monitor (not shown) is prior art and can perform the above functions.
The invention also provides a working method of the limited space double-pipe ventilation device, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, before the operation of the limited space 100 is started, the blowing mechanism 2 and the air pumping mechanism 3 are installed near the entrance and exit of the operated limited space 100, then the first air outlet end 20 of the blowing mechanism 2 is connected with the floating cushion, the first air outlet end 20 is communicated with the swinging device fixed on the floating cushion, then the floating cushion with the swinging device, the first monitoring mechanism (not shown) and the first air outlet end 20 fixed is placed in the limited space 100, and the first monitoring mechanism (not shown) monitors the air quality in the limited space 100 in real time;
step S2, placing the second air inlet 30 of the air extracting mechanism 3 into the limited space 100, and suspending the second air inlet in the limited space 100;
step S3, starting the blowing pump 21 to blow fresh air into the limited space 100 through the first air outlet end 20; simultaneously, the air pump 31 is started, and the bad air in the limited space 100 is pumped out to the external space through the second air inlet end 30 after being disturbed by the operation of the swinging device;
in step S4, when the first monitor (not shown) on the floating mat displays that the gas meets the breathing standard of the human body, and the second monitor mechanism monitors that the gas meets the breathing standard of the human body, the device can enter the confined space 100 to start operation. By comparing the concentration of the hazardous gas monitored by the first monitoring mechanism (not shown) with the concentration of the hazardous gas monitored by the second monitoring mechanism (not shown), it can be found whether there is a continuous burst of hazardous gas in the confined space 100.
In the invention, through the above operation steps, normal air is continuously blown into the limited space 100, the bad air is continuously pumped out, the air is circularly exchanged, a large amount of fresh air enters into the limited space 100 to quickly dilute the bad air in the limited space 100 until the air in the limited space 100 conforms to the safe air breathed by human body, the operation can be safely carried out, if a small amount of toxic and harmful gas is continuously released, the harmful gas can also be diluted in a continuous blowing and pumping ventilation mode, and the harm degree is greatly reduced. The air in the limited space 100 can quickly and effectively reach the air standard of safe operation.
In this embodiment, in step S3, when the blower pump 21 is started, the airflow from the first air inlet end 10 to the first air outlet end 20 follows the first pipe 22, the airflow at the first air outlet end 20 pushes the swinging device, the swinging device generates horizontal rotation, and the blades also perform vertical swinging motion, and the air moves disorderly and disorderly in the limited space 100 due to irregular airflow, strong and weak stirring bad air. Meanwhile, external fresh gas is continuously input to generate certain pressure, so that the gas moves more actively; meanwhile, the air pump 31 is started to make the disordered bad air flow from the second air inlet end 30 to the second air outlet end 40 along with the second pipeline 32, so that the bad air is continuously pumped out, negative pressure is generated near the second air inlet end 30, and a large amount of air is quickly pumped out. In the invention, through the arrangement, the gas in the limited space 100 can be fully stirred and extracted, and simultaneously, the fresh air in the atmosphere can be quickly and effectively replaced to enter the limited space 100, thereby ensuring the life safety of operators and rescue workers in the limited space 100.
In this embodiment, when the first monitor and/or the second monitor monitors that the air in the limited space 100 is abnormal, the first monitor and/or the second monitor sends an abnormal signal to the alarm, and the alarm sends an alarm signal to notify the operator in the limited space 100 to evacuate as soon as possible or to not allow the operator to enter the limited space for operation. According to the invention, the safety of the operator can be better guaranteed through the arrangement.
In this embodiment, the blowing and suction pumps and the pipe joints are not generally connected to generate a gap leakage, but are connected in a flange-type sealing manner, which is very important. Only then is it possible to blow fresh air into the confined space 100 more efficiently. Meanwhile, the poor gas can be effectively pumped out of the limited space 100 due to the flange-type phase sealing connection mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, in the invention, the floating island can be placed on the ground in a limited space or float on water, so that the first air outlet end is prevented from being trapped in water or muddy mud; the first monitoring mechanism can be used for monitoring whether air at a lower position in a limited space is normal or not, when the first monitoring mechanism monitors that the air is normal, and when the air is compared with the air monitored by the second monitoring mechanism to be normal, related operators or persons without respiratory protection can enter the limited space operation, and if the first or second monitoring mechanism monitors that the air is abnormal, the persons in the limited space can be timely withdrawn, so that the safety of the persons can be better guaranteed; the blowing mechanism blows the normal, nontoxic and harmless fresh air outside into the limited space through the floating island mechanism through the first air inlet end and the first air outlet end, meanwhile, the air in the limited space is stirred, the air forms turbulent flow, other gases which are heavier than the air are disturbed and floated, the disturbed and floated gases are pumped out through a second air inlet end of the air pumping mechanism, then the gas is led out to the external space through the second gas outlet end, the gas in the limited space can be fully stirred and extracted through the arrangement, simultaneously, the fresh air in the atmosphere is quickly and effectively replaced to enter the limited space, the life safety of operators and rescue workers in the limited space is ensured, the double-pipe ventilation device for the limited space has the advantages of simple and effective structure, no influence on escape of operators in the limited space or entry and exit of rescuers, convenient operation, easy and wide popularization and capability of greatly reducing the death chance of the operators in the limited space.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A double-pipe ventilation device for a limited space is characterized by comprising a floating island mechanism, an air blowing mechanism, an air suction mechanism and a first monitoring mechanism, wherein the air blowing mechanism is used for blowing external fresh air into the limited space; the first monitoring mechanism is arranged on the floating island mechanism, the air blowing mechanism is provided with a first air inlet end and a first air outlet end, the air pumping mechanism is provided with a second air inlet end and a second air outlet end, a second monitoring mechanism is arranged at the port of the second air outlet end, and the first air outlet end of the air blowing mechanism is communicated with the floating island mechanism; when the double-pipe ventilation device with the limited space is used, the floating island mechanism is arranged in the limited space, the first air inlet end of the air blowing mechanism is arranged outside the limited space, the first air outlet end of the air blowing mechanism extends into the limited space and is communicated with the floating island mechanism, the second air outlet end of the air pumping mechanism is arranged outside the limited space, and the second air inlet end of the air pumping mechanism extends into the limited space.
2. The limited space double-pipe ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein the blowing mechanism comprises a blowing pump, a first pipe and a first connecting flange, the first air inlet end and the first air outlet end are arranged at two ends of the first pipe, the blowing pump and the first pipe are connected and communicated through the first connecting flange, and the blowing pump is arranged at a position close to the first air inlet end.
3. The double-pipe ventilation device in a limited space according to claim 1, wherein the air-extracting mechanism comprises an air-extracting pump, a second pipe and a second connecting flange, the second air inlet end and the second air outlet end are arranged at two ends of the second pipe, the air-extracting pump and the second pipe are connected and communicated through the second connecting flange, the air-extracting pump is arranged at a position close to the second air outlet end, the second air inlet end of the second pipe is suspended in the limited space, and the position of the first air outlet end in the limited space is lower than that of the second air inlet end.
4. The double-barrelled ventilation unit in finite space of claim 2, characterized in that floating island mechanism includes floating mat and pendulum to the device, floating mat places the bottom surface in finite space, the pendulum to the device is fixed on floating mat, the end of giving vent to anger is linked together with pendulum to the device, be provided with the fan blade in the pendulum to the device, pendulum to the device can carry out horizontal rotation, the fan blade can carry out up-and-down or left-and-right swing to produce the wind pressure, thereby stir the air current and make it float.
5. The limited space double-pipe ventilation device according to claim 4, wherein the first monitoring mechanism comprises a first monitor for monitoring whether the air in the limited space is normal or not and an alarm for sending an alarm signal, the first monitor is in communication connection with the alarm, and the first monitor and the alarm are both arranged on the floating mat.
6. The limited space double-hose ventilation device according to claim 4, wherein the floating mat is further provided with a communication device having a signal amplification function or a relay function.
7. A limited space double duct ventilation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the second monitoring means comprises a second monitor for comparing the measured gas concentration of the first monitor.
8. A method of operating a limited space double duct ventilation device according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
step S1, before the limited space operation begins, the air blowing mechanism and the air exhaust mechanism are installed near the entrance and exit of the limited space, then the first air outlet end of the air blowing mechanism is connected with the floating cushion, the first air outlet end is communicated with the direction swinging device fixed on the floating cushion, then the floating cushion fixed with the direction swinging device, the first monitoring mechanism and the first air outlet end is placed in the limited space, and the first monitoring mechanism monitors the air quality in the limited space in real time;
step S2, placing the second air inlet end of the air exhaust mechanism into the limited space to hang in the limited space;
step S3, starting the blowing pump to blow external fresh air into the limited space through the first air outlet end; meanwhile, the air extracting pump is started, and the bad air in the limited space is extracted to the external space through the second air inlet end after being stirred by the operation of the swinging device;
and step S4, when the first monitor on the floating mat displays that the gas reaches the human body breathing standard, and the second monitor mechanism monitors that the gas reaches the human body breathing standard, the floating mat can enter the limited space to start operation.
9. The working method of the double-tube ventilation device for the limited space according to claim 8, wherein in step S3, when the blower pump is started, the airflow from the first inlet end to the first outlet end along with the first tube pushes the swinging device, the swinging device rotates horizontally, and the blades also swing up and down, so that the airflow irregularly stirs the bad air, the air disorderly moves in the limited space, and at the same time, the external fresh air is continuously input and generates a certain pressure, and the air moves more actively; simultaneously, the air pump starts, makes the turbulent bad gas follow the second pipeline from the second inlet end, gives vent to anger the end to the second to constantly take out bad gas, produce the negative pressure near the second inlet end, a large amount of gas are taken out rapidly.
10. The operating method of the limited space double-tube ventilation device according to claim 8, wherein when the first monitor and/or the second monitor monitors that the air in the limited space is abnormal, an abnormal signal is sent to the alarm, and the alarm sends out an alarm signal to inform operators in the limited space to evacuate as soon as possible.
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