CN111075981B - Shutoff control method of linear electromagnetic valve - Google Patents
Shutoff control method of linear electromagnetic valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN111075981B CN111075981B CN201911354893.9A CN201911354893A CN111075981B CN 111075981 B CN111075981 B CN 111075981B CN 201911354893 A CN201911354893 A CN 201911354893A CN 111075981 B CN111075981 B CN 111075981B
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- duty ratio
- duty
- voltage signal
- pwm voltage
- solenoid valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
- F16K31/0644—One-way valve
- F16K31/0655—Lift valves
- F16K31/0665—Lift valves with valve member being at least partially ball-shaped
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
- F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
- F16K31/0686—Braking, pressure equilibration, shock absorbing
- F16K31/0696—Shock absorbing, e.g. using a dash-pot
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
- F16K47/02—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a turn-off control method of a linear electromagnetic valve, which comprises the following steps: step S01: determining a starting duty ratio and a reference duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal; step S02: judging the magnitude relation between the current duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal and the reference duty ratio, if the current duty ratio is larger than the reference duty ratio, executing the step S03, otherwise executing the step S04; step S03: gradually reducing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal until the duty ratio is equal to the reference duty ratio; step S04: rapidly reducing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal until the duty ratio is zero; step S05: the power is completely cut off. According to the invention, the electromagnetic force borne by the moving iron of the electromagnetic valve is controlled by PWM control of the coil voltage of the electromagnetic valve in the turn-off process, so that the armature ball of the electromagnetic valve is softly landed on the conical surface of the valve seat, the impact of the armature ball on the sealing surface of the valve seat in the traditional turn-off method is reduced, and the service life of the linear electromagnetic valve is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solenoid valve control, in particular to a turn-off control method of a linear solenoid valve.
Background
An anti-lock braking system (ABS) for an automobile, an Electronic Stability Control (ESC) system, particularly an Electronic Hydraulic Brake (EHB), a valve-controlled brake apparatus having a high pressure accumulator without a vacuum booster, are often used in which a normally closed solenoid valve is used to linearly control the pressure in a pipe or a wheel cylinder, and the pressurizing and depressurizing processes are separately controlled by using two independent solenoid valves, a pressurizing solenoid valve having an oil inlet connected to a high pressure source is used to control the pressurizing process, and a depressurizing solenoid valve having an oil outlet connected to an oil can is used to control the depressurizing process. When pressure increase/reduction is needed, the corresponding electromagnetic valve is electrified and PWM control is carried out on the voltage of the electromagnetic valve so as to control the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic valve and increase/reduce the pressure to the target pressure. Meanwhile, the power-off turn-off operation is carried out on the pressure reducing/increasing electromagnetic valve, and the conventional scheme habitually and directly sets the PWM duty ratio to zero immediately to carry out the power-off turn-off operation no matter how large the PWM duty ratio is. When the valve is directly turned off by power failure, the current is reduced at a speed much faster than the movement response speed of the spring armature, so that the ball of the armature impacts the conical sealing surface of the valve seat, and the frequent impact of the ball of the armature on the conical sealing surface of the valve seat easily causes the ball of the armature to be damaged or deformed and failed, wherein the failure is particularly common in a pressure reduction solenoid valve because the pressure at the rear end of the pressure reduction solenoid valve is usually zero. In order to prolong the service life of the electromagnetic valve, complicated processes are often adopted to strengthen the sealing surfaces of the armature ball head and the valve seat, such as surface quenching or chrome plating, which increases the manufacturing complexity and cost, and in addition, the direct power-off switching is easy to cause noise.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a turn-off control method of a linear electromagnetic valve, which not only does not bring cost increase, but also can realize effective control of the linear electromagnetic valve, is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the linear electromagnetic valve, reducing noise and reducing potential safety hazard.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows.
A shut-off control method of a linear solenoid valve, using the linear solenoid valve, comprising the steps of:
step S01: determining a starting duty ratio and a reference duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal;
step S02: after triggering and turning off, judging the magnitude relation between the current duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal and the reference duty ratio, if the current duty ratio is larger than the reference duty ratio, executing the step S03, otherwise executing the step S04;
step S03: gradually reducing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal until the duty ratio is equal to the reference duty ratio, and performing step S04;
step S04: rapidly reducing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal until the duty ratio is zero;
step S05: the power is completely cut off.
The turn-off process is divided into two major steps, the specified point is reached by gradually reducing the duty ratio, and then the duty ratio is quickly reduced, so that the soft landing contact between the armature ball head of the electromagnetic valve and the conical surface of the valve seat can be ensured, and the use cannot be influenced by overlong turn-off time.
Preferably, in step S01, the specific process is as follows: and controlling the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal to be gradually increased from 0%, monitoring the pressure change in the corresponding pressure cavity of the solenoid valve, finding out that the duty ratio corresponding to the starting point of the pressure change is the reference duty ratio D1, and finding out that the duty ratio corresponding to the spring compressed to the limit is the starting duty ratio D0. Here, two points need to be prepared as reference points for subsequent calculation.
Preferably, the pressure change starting point is Fs ═ Fh + Fe; wherein Fs is an absolute value of an elastic force of a spring applied to the armature of the solenoid valve, Fh is an absolute value of a hydraulic force applied to the armature, Fe is an absolute value of an electromagnetic force applied to the armature, and the duty ratio of the corresponding PWM voltage signal at this time is the reference duty ratio D1. At the moment, the ball head of the armature of the electromagnet and the conical surface of the valve seat have no pressure, and the critical point of two states that the ball head props against the valve seat and the ball head leaves the valve seat is formed.
Preferably, in step S03, the step-by-step reduction of the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal includes a step-by-step linear reduction or a step-by-step curve reduction, a slope of a tangent of the curve is less than or equal to 0, and the curve gradually tends to zero with increasing time. When the duty cycle is reduced, it may be reduced in a simple linear manner or in a curved manner as desired.
Preferably, the specific expression of the gradual curve reduction is as follows: duty (t) (1-1/C1) × duty (t-1), where t represents time, function duty (t) represents the duty cycle of the PWM voltage signal corresponding to time t, and C1 represents a constant greater than 1, where duty (0) ═ D0. The specific formula of the function is not required, and the condition is met.
Preferably, in step S04, the manner of rapidly decreasing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal includes a rapid linear decrease or a rapid curve decrease, and the slope of the tangent of the curve is less than or equal to 0 and gradually approaches zero with time.
Preferably, the expression for the rapid curve reduction is: duty (t) (1-1/C2) × Duty (t-1), the function Duty (t) represents the Duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal corresponding to time t, C2 represents a constant greater than 1 and less than C1, wherein Duty (0) ═ D1. The specific formula of the function is not required, and the condition is met.
Preferably, the expression for stepwise linear decrease is duty (t) ═ D0-K1 × t, and the expression for rapid linear decrease is duty (t) ═ D1-K2 × t, where K1 and K2 are constants, K2 is equal to or less than K1, and K1 is less than 0.
According to the invention, the voltage of the solenoid valve coil is subjected to PWM control in the turn-off process, so that the turn-off current is controlled, the electromagnetic force is further controlled to gradually exit, and the soft landing of the armature ball head of the solenoid valve on the conical sealing surface of the valve seat is realized. The impact of the armature ball head on the conical sealing surface of the valve seat in the traditional turn-off process is reduced, and the service life of the linear electromagnetic valve is prolonged. The invention provides two PWM duty ratio control methods, one is linear type, the other is curvilinear type, and is finished by two sections, the two sections of duty ratio control methods can be freely combined for use, so as to give consideration to the soft landing control effect and the total turn-off time, the turn-off process is fast and stable, the service life of the normally closed linear solenoid valve is prolonged, and the turn-off impact noise is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solenoid valve of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a force analysis diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a functional diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a control method of the present invention
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for determining the middle critical point D1 according to the present invention.
The names of the parts indicated by the numerical references in the drawings are as follows: 1-spring, 2-coil, 3-armature, 4-armature ball, 5-valve seat conical surface, 6-valve seat.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
A method for controlling turn-off of a linear solenoid valve, such as the linear solenoid valve shown in fig. 1, the solenoid valve includes a spring 1, a coil 2, an armature 3, an armature ball 4, a valve seat cone 5, and a valve seat 6, and the embodiment includes the following steps:
step S01: determining a starting duty ratio and a reference duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal;
step S02: after triggering and turning off, judging the magnitude relation between the current duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal and the reference duty ratio, if the current duty ratio is larger than the reference duty ratio, executing the step S03, otherwise executing the step S04;
step S03: gradually reducing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal until the duty ratio is equal to the reference duty ratio, and performing step S04;
step S04: rapidly reducing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal until the duty ratio is zero;
step S05: the power is completely cut off.
The turn-off process is divided into two major steps, the specified point is reached by gradually reducing the duty ratio, and then the duty ratio is quickly reduced, so that the soft landing contact between the armature ball head of the electromagnetic valve and the conical surface of the valve seat can be ensured, and the use cannot be influenced by overlong turn-off time.
In this embodiment, in step S01, the specific process is as follows: and controlling the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal to be gradually increased from 0%, monitoring the pressure change in the corresponding pressure cavity of the solenoid valve, finding out that the duty ratio corresponding to the starting point of the pressure change is the reference duty ratio D1, and finding out that the duty ratio corresponding to the spring compressed to the limit is the starting duty ratio D0. Here, two points need to be prepared as reference points for subsequent calculation.
When the starting point of pressure change is Fs ═ Fh + Fe; wherein Fs is an absolute value of an elastic force of a spring applied to the armature of the solenoid valve, Fh is an absolute value of a hydraulic force applied to the armature, and Fe is an absolute value of an electromagnetic force applied to the armature, and at this time, the corresponding duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal is the reference duty ratio D1, and a D1 value is found as shown in fig. 5. At the moment, the ball head of the armature of the electromagnet and the conical surface of the valve seat have no pressure, and the critical point of two states that the ball head props against the valve seat and the ball head leaves the valve seat is formed. In this embodiment, 80% to 0.8% of D0 and 20% to 0.2% of D1.
Example 2
The same as in embodiment 1, except that in step S03, as shown in fig. 3, the manner of gradually decreasing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal includes a stepwise linear decrease or a stepwise curve decrease, the tangent slope of which is less than or equal to 0 and gradually tends to zero as time increases. When the duty cycle is reduced, it may be reduced in a simple linear manner or in a curved manner as desired.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific expression of the gradual curve reduction is as follows: duty (t) (1-1/C1) × duty (t-1), where t represents time, function duty (t) represents the duty cycle of the PWM voltage signal corresponding to time t, and C1 represents a constant greater than 1, where duty (0) ═ D0. The specific formula of the function is not required, and the above conditions are satisfied, and C1 in this embodiment is 3.
Example 3
In the present embodiment, the difference is that, in step S04, as shown in fig. 3, the manner of rapidly decreasing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal includes a rapid linear decrease or a rapid curve decrease, and the slope of the tangent of the curve is less than or equal to 0 and gradually approaches zero with time.
In this embodiment, the expression of the rapid curve reduction is as follows: duty (t) (1-1/C2) × Duty (t-1), the function Duty (t) represents the Duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal corresponding to time t, C2 represents a constant greater than 1 and less than C1, wherein Duty (0) ═ D1. The specific formula of the function is not required, and the above conditions are satisfied, and in this embodiment, C2 is 1.7.
In this embodiment, the expression of the stepwise linear decrease is duty (t) ═ D0-K1 × t, and the expression of the rapid linear decrease is duty (t) ═ D1-K2 × t, where K1 and K2 are constants, K2 is equal to or less than K1, and K1 is less than 0. In this example, k1 is-2 and k2 is-3.
In the embodiment, the voltage of the solenoid valve coil is subjected to PWM control in the turn-off process, so that the turn-off current is controlled, the electromagnetic force is controlled to gradually exit, and the soft landing of the armature ball head of the solenoid valve on the conical sealing surface of the valve seat is realized. The impact of the armature ball head on the conical sealing surface of the valve seat in the traditional turn-off process is reduced, and the service life of the linear electromagnetic valve is prolonged. The embodiment provides two PWM duty ratio control methods, one is linear type, the other is curved type, and the two PWM duty ratio control methods are completed in two sections, and the two duty ratio control methods can be freely combined for use so as to give consideration to the soft landing control effect and the total turn-off time, so that the turn-off process is fast and stable, the service life of the normally closed linear solenoid valve is prolonged, and meanwhile, the turn-off impact noise is reduced.
In summary, the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A shut-off control method of a linear solenoid valve uses the linear solenoid valve, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S01: determining a reference duty cycle D1 of the PWM voltage signal;
step S02: after triggering and turning off, judging the magnitude relation between the current duty ratio D0 of the PWM voltage signal and the reference duty ratio, if the current duty ratio is larger than the reference duty ratio, executing a step S03, otherwise executing a step S04;
step S03: gradually reducing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal until the duty ratio is equal to the reference duty ratio, and performing step S04;
step S04: rapidly reducing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal until the duty ratio is zero;
step S05: completely cutting off the power supply;
when the starting point of pressure change is Fs = Fh + Fe, the duty ratio of the corresponding PWM voltage signal at the moment is the reference duty ratio D1, wherein Fs is the absolute value of the elastic force of the spring applied to the armature of the solenoid valve, Fh is the absolute value of the hydraulic force applied to the armature, and Fe is the absolute value of the electromagnetic force applied to the armature.
2. A shut-off control method of a linear solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S01, the specific determination process is: and controlling the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal to gradually increase from 0%, monitoring the pressure change in the pressure cavity corresponding to the solenoid valve, and finding out the duty ratio corresponding to the starting point of the pressure change, namely the reference duty ratio D1.
3. A shut-off control method of a linear solenoid valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in step S03, the manner of gradually decreasing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal includes a stepwise linear decrease or a stepwise curve decrease, in which the slope of the tangent line of the curve is less than or equal to 0 and gradually approaches zero with increasing time.
4. A shut-off control method of a linear solenoid valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: the specific expression for the stepwise curve reduction is: duty (t) = (1-1/C1) × duty (t-1), where the variable t represents time, function duty (t) represents the duty cycle of the PWM voltage signal at the corresponding time t, and C1 represents a constant greater than 1, where duty (0) = D0.
5. A shut-off control method of a linear solenoid valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step S04, the manner of rapidly decreasing the duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal includes a rapid linear decrease or a rapid curve decrease, and the slope of the tangent line of the curve is less than or equal to 0 and gradually approaches zero with time.
6. A shut-off control method of a linear solenoid valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: the expression for the fast curve reduction is: duty (t) = (1-1/C2) × Duty (t-1), function Duty (t) represents the Duty ratio of the PWM voltage signal at the corresponding time t, C2 represents a constant greater than 1 and less than C1, where Duty (0) = D1.
7. A shut-off control method of a linear solenoid valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: the expression for stepwise linear decrease is duty (t) = D0-k1 × t, and the expression for fast linear decrease is duty (t) = D1-k2 × t, where k1 and k2 are constants, and k2 > k1 > 0.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911354893.9A CN111075981B (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | Shutoff control method of linear electromagnetic valve |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911354893.9A CN111075981B (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | Shutoff control method of linear electromagnetic valve |
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| CN111075981A CN111075981A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
| CN111075981B true CN111075981B (en) | 2021-10-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102797906B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-09-10 | 杭州博流科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic valve type valve positioning machine and a control method thereof |
| JP6064747B2 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-01-25 | 株式会社デンソー | Inductive load controller |
| JP6546754B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2019-07-17 | 株式会社デンソーテン | Control device and control method |
| CN106594356B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-08-04 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Electromagnetic valve noise reduction control method and system and air conditioner |
| CN108895954B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-29 | 浙江大学 | A kind of spool displacement of no sensor is from cognitive method |
| CN110094565B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 合肥工业大学 | Control method for reducing closing time delay of high-speed switch electromagnetic valve |
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