CN111074050A - High-strength high-toughness thick-specification steel plate for containment of pressurized water reactor nuclear power station and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength high-toughness thick-specification steel plate for containment of pressurized water reactor nuclear power station and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 24
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
- G21C13/02—Details
- G21C13/024—Supporting constructions for pressure vessels or containment vessels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
A steel plate for a high-strength and high-toughness containment vessel of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station and a production method thereof are disclosed, wherein the steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.13 to 0.19 percent of C, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Si, 1.30 to 1.70 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.012 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, 0.75 to 0.95 percent of Ni, 0.40 to 0.60 percent of Cr, 0.30 to 0.60 percent of Mo, 0.015 to 0.040 percent of Al and 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Nb; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The invention has excellent low-temperature toughness index through chemical component optimization and reasonable design of process parameters. The steel plate has the advantage of cost, the internal quality of the steel plate is further improved on the basis of meeting the requirement of comprehensive mechanical property, and the requirement of GB/T2970 standard I is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metal materials, and particularly relates to a steel plate for a high-strength high-toughness thick-specification containment vessel of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station and a production method thereof.
Background
With the first global AP1000 nuclear power unit three-door one-grid power generation and the gradual maturity of the third-generation nuclear power technology with complete intellectual property rights of Hualongyi in China, China will come up to the peak time of the construction of the third-generation pressurized water reactor nuclear power station. The nuclear reactor containment vessel is used as the last safety barrier of a third-generation large-scale advanced pressurized water reactor and plays a great role in the safe operation process of a nuclear power station.
However, with the increase in size and modularization of the construction of the third generation pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, the steel types such as the conventional nuclear reactor containment vessel steels SA-738gr.b, Q265HR and P265GH have been difficult to satisfy the requirements in terms of strength, reduction and the like. The reasons mainly focus on the following two aspects, firstly, the large-scale requirement of nuclear power equipment causes the large thickness and the large consumption of steel materials for manufacturing the equipment, and causes the difficult construction of the large-scale equipment in the manufacturing, installation, debugging and other stages; secondly, as the material consumption is increased, the manufacturing and welding costs are increased continuously, the manufacturing cost of the whole equipment is increased, and the progress of the whole project is influenced.
The nuclear reactor containment vessel has higher requirements on the comprehensive indexes of containment vessel steel plates for the safety of nuclear power units and the complex service environment of the nuclear power units: firstly, the tensile strength of the steel plate after quenching and tempering and simulated welding heat treatment at room temperature reaches more than 655 MPa; secondly, higher requirements are put forward on the internal quality of the steel plate, and the ultrasonic flaw detection grade is I grade; thirdly, the tensile strength of the steel plate is improved, and the Charpy impact energy of the steel plate reaches more than 68J at the temperature of minus 45 ℃ (the thickness is less than 80 mm) or minus 7 ℃ (the thickness is 80mm and more).
The related patents of the steel for nuclear reactor containment vessel produced at present are as follows:
patent application No. 201410098857.1, publication No. CN 103911559 a, C: 0.10-0.20%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn: 0.60 to 1.40 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.18 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of Nb, Ti: 0.008-0.030%, Alt: 0.020-0.050%, N is less than or equal to 0.012%, Ni + Cu + Cr + Mo is less than or equal to 0.70%, Cu +6Sn is less than or equal to 0.33%, Alt: n is more than or equal to 2, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities. The steel plate manufactured by the method has good low-temperature toughness and high-temperature resistance, excellent and stable welding performance and cold and hot processing performance, good radiation embrittlement resistance and low cost. However, the maximum thickness of the steel plate in the patent claims of the comparison document is 100mm, and the room-temperature tensile strength of the 100mm steel plate in the specification is only 430MPa, and the high-temperature tensile yield strength at 300 ℃ is only 199 MPa.
Patent documents of "thick steel plate for containment vessel of nuclear power plant and method for manufacturing the same" have patent application No. 201210269122.1, publication nos. CN 102766805 a, C: 0.06-0.15%, Si: 0.10-0.40%, Mn: 1.0-1.5%, Mo: 0.10-0.30%, P is less than or equal to 0.012%, S is less than or equal to 0.003%, Alt: 0.015 to 0.050%, Ni: 0.20-0.50%; and V is less than or equal to 0.050%, Ti is less than or equal to 0.030%, Cr is less than or equal to 0.25%, Nb is less than or equal to 0.030%, Ca: 0.0005-0.0050%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The thick steel plate for the nuclear power station containment vessel, provided by the invention, has high strength and high toughness, and the base metal and the heat affected zone have good impact toughness under the low temperature condition, so that the thick steel plate is suitable for being applied to the field of manufacturing of the nuclear power station containment vessel. However, the maximum thickness of the steel plate in the patent claims of the comparison document is 60mm, the high-temperature tensile index of 150 ℃ or 200 ℃ is not provided in the specification, and the mechanical property condition of the steel plate after simulated post-welding heat treatment is not provided.
Patent document "high strength steel sheet for nuclear reactor containment vessel and method for manufacturing the same", patent application No. 200980152846.4, publication No. CN 102264936 a, the steel sheet comprising by weight: 0.03 to 0.20% of C, 0.15 to 0.55% of Si, 0.9 to 1.5% of Mn, 0.001 to 0.05% of Al, 0.030% or less of P, 0.030% or less of S, 0.30% or less of Cr, 0.2% or less of Mo, 0.6% or less of Ni, 0.07% or less of V, 0.04% or less of Nb, 5ppm to 50ppm of Ca, 0.005 to 0.025% of Ti, 0.0020 to 0.0060% of N, 0.0005 to 0.0020% of B, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel plate may be composed of tempered martensite, and the conditions of cooling and recrystallization controlled rolling are optimized to control the average grain size of the microstructure and the aspect ratio of the structural grains, and the steel plate produced may have a tensile strength of 650MPa or more and an impact toughness of at least 200J at-50 ℃, and thus may be used in nuclear power plants. However, the cost is greatly increased by the steel ingot rolling production mode adopted by the invention, the maximum thickness of the manufactured steel plate is only 80mm, the specification does not provide the high-temperature tensile index of 150 ℃ or 200 ℃, and the condition of the mechanical property of the steel plate after simulated postweld heat treatment is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-strength high-toughness thick steel plate for a containment vessel of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station and a production method thereof, the thickness of the produced steel plate is 91-120mm, the steel plate has excellent low-temperature toughness index by chemical component optimization and reasonable design of process parameters, the production cost is obviously reduced by improving the yield, the internal quality of the steel plate is further improved on the basis of meeting the requirement of comprehensive mechanical properties, and the requirement of GB/T2970 standard I can be completely met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the steel plate for the high-strength high-toughness thick-specification containment vessel of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power station comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.13 to 0.19 percent of C, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Si, 1.30 to 1.70 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.012 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, 0.75 to 0.95 percent of Ni0.75, 0.40 to 0.60 percent of Cr, 0.30 to 0.60 percent of Mo, 0.015 to 0.040 percent of Al and 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Nb0; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The thickness of the finished steel plate is 91-120 mm.
The design reason of adopting the components is as follows:
c: c in steel is a main element for ensuring the strength of the steel plate, the content of C is low, the strength can not meet the requirement, and particularly, the strength can be reduced to a certain degree after long-time simulated postweld heat treatment. However, the higher C content directly causes the decrease of toughness and the deterioration of welding performance. In order to ensure that the strength and the toughness of the steel plate can be well matched after long-time simulated postweld heat treatment and at the high temperature of 200 ℃, the invention requires that the content of C in the steel is controlled within the range of 0.13-0.19 percent.
Si: si is an effective strengthening element and is also a cheap element, but a higher content also causes toughness and plasticity to be reduced, and reduces the welding performance of the steel. Therefore, in view of ensuring the toughness of the steel plate in different states, the Si content of the invention is preferably controlled within the range of 0.10-0.30%.
Mn: the Mn element in the steel can effectively improve the hardenability of the steel besides the function of strengthening the matrix, is also beneficial to improving the strength and reducing the toughness and plasticity, and considering that the thickness of the steel plate is more than or equal to 91mm, the Mn content in the actual production is preferably controlled within the range of 1.30-1.70%.
Ni: ni can obviously improve the low-temperature toughness of steel, and simultaneously improve the low-temperature toughness of thick-section steel plates, so that the steel plates have enough strength and higher toughness, and meet the requirements of indexes. Considering that the thickness of the steel grade related by the invention is more than or equal to 91mm, the strength and the toughness of the thick steel plate are reduced to different degrees after long-time simulated postweld heat treatment. In order to ensure that the steel plate has high toughness while having sufficient strength, the invention requires that the Ni content in the steel is controlled to be 0.75-0.95%.
Cr: cr can remarkably improve the antioxidation of steel and increase the corrosion resistance in the steel. Meanwhile, the austenite phase region is reduced, and the hardenability of the steel is improved. However, Cr also significantly increases the brittle transition temperature of steel, and promotes temper brittleness. In order to further ensure the stability of the strength of the steel plate in different states, the preferable control range of the Cr content is 0.40-0.60%.
Mo: mo has the functions of improving hardenability and heat resistance, and reducing or inhibiting temper brittleness under the combined action of Cr and Mn; meanwhile, Mo strongly improves the bonding force between solid solution atoms and improves the heat strength of the steel; more importantly, Mo effectively inhibits the segregation of harmful elements in the steel. Because the steel plate of the invention is relatively thick and still requires to retain enough strength and toughness after long-time simulated postweld heat treatment, and meanwhile, the addition of elements such as Ni, Cr and the like is considered, the invention requires that the content of Mo in the steel is controlled to be 0.30-0.60%.
Al: al is an effective element for refining the crystal grains of the steel and increasing the coarsening starting temperature of the steel crystal grains, and the Al is combined with other elements in the steel to form a fine and dispersedly distributed refractory compound so as to play a role in inhibiting the growth of the crystal grains. In general, when the Al content is 20% or more, the crystal grains are significantly refined, but when the Al content is too large, the grain size is not greatly changed. Therefore, the invention requires that the Al content in the steel is controlled to be 0.015-0.040%.
Nb: nb can improve the yield strength of steel, reduce the brittle transition temperature, is beneficial to the welding performance of the steel, and is low in radiation embrittlement sensitivity, so that the Nb content of the steel is required to be controlled to be 0.010-0.030%.
P: p is a harmful element, causes the brittleness of steel to be increased, also obviously improves the yield point and the yield ratio, deteriorates the plasticity and the toughness and has adverse effect on welding. Meanwhile, an irradiation test shows that P is very sensitive to irradiation embrittlement, so that the lower the P content in the steel, the better the P content, and the requirement of the invention is lower than 0.012%.
S: s forms FeS and MnS sulfides at austenite grain boundaries in steel, so that the impact toughness and the welding performance of the steel are reduced, and S also has a tendency of accelerating irradiation embrittlement. Therefore, the S content in the steel should be limited to 0.005% or less.
Gas H, O, N: an excess of H, O, N in the steel adversely affects the properties of the steel and also increases the effect of radiation embrittlement, so it is desirable to reduce their content to a minimum. The invention requires that H is less than or equal to 2ppm, O is less than or equal to 30ppm and N is less than or equal to 50ppm in the steel.
A method for producing a steel plate for a high-strength high-toughness thick-specification containment vessel of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station adopts the processes of deep desulfurization of molten iron, smelting in a converter, external refining, vacuum treatment and continuous casting;
smelting adopts a duplex method or a double-slag method for production, and ensures that P, S in steel is not more than 0.012 percent and 0.005 percent respectively after external refining and vacuum treatment; the production is carried out by adopting a vertical bending type continuous casting machine, and the thickness of a continuous casting billet is more than or equal to 250 mm;
the steel sheet adopts forging, rolling combination mode to produce, and the continuous casting billet is at first forged after keeping warm for a long time through high temperature, and the forging mode is: longitudinal forging and transverse forging, wherein the heating temperature of a continuous casting billet is above 1230 ℃, the heat preservation time is above 18h, and the minimum section thickness of the forged billet is 290 mm; cleaning the surface of a forged billet, rolling the surface of the forged billet by adopting a high-temperature, slow-roll speed and high-pressure reduction mode, wherein the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1150 ℃, the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 880 ℃, and naturally cooling the surface of the forged billet after rolling; the rolling speed is required to be not more than 2.0 m/s; the continuous three-pass reduction rate is more than or equal to 20 percent;
after the steel plate is rolled, adopting a quenching and tempering process, wherein the quenching temperature is 930 +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5-4.5 min/mm; tempering: the temperature is 620 +/-20 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-8 min/mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the steel plate produced by the process technology has higher strength and excellent low-temperature toughness index through chemical component optimization and reasonable design of process parameters. After the steel plate is subjected to forging, rolling, quenching and tempering, and post-simulated welding heat treatment, the impact absorption energy at-50 ℃ is kept above 170J.
2) The steel plate produced by the process technology has the advantage of cost, compared with a product produced by die casting, the production cost is obviously reduced mainly by improving the yield, the internal quality of the steel plate is further improved on the basis of meeting the requirement of comprehensive mechanical property, and the requirement of GB/T2970 standard I can be completely met.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention:
a steel plate for a high-strength high-toughness thick-specification containment vessel of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.13 to 0.19 percent of C, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Si, 1.30 to 1.70 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.012 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, 0.75 to 0.95 percent of Ni, 0.40 to 0.60 percent of Cr, 0.30 to 0.60 percent of Mo, 0.015 to 0.040 percent of Al and 0.010 to 0.030 percent of NbC; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The thickness of the finished steel plate is 91-120 mm.
A method for producing a steel plate for a high-strength high-toughness thick-specification containment vessel of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station adopts the processes of deep desulfurization of molten iron, smelting in a converter, external refining, vacuum treatment and continuous casting;
smelting adopts a duplex method or a double-slag method for production, and ensures that P, S in steel is not more than 0.012 percent and 0.005 percent respectively after external refining and vacuum treatment; the production is carried out by adopting a vertical bending type continuous casting machine, and the thickness of a continuous casting billet is more than or equal to 250 mm;
the steel sheet adopts forging, rolling combination mode to produce, and the continuous casting billet is at first forged after keeping warm for a long time through high temperature, and the forging mode is: longitudinal forging and transverse forging, wherein the heating temperature of a continuous casting billet is above 1230 ℃, the heat preservation time is above 18h, and the minimum section thickness of the forged billet is 290 mm; eliminating center porosity to the maximum extent, reducing center segregation, forming forged billets, and then performing surface cleaning. Cleaning the surface of a forged billet, rolling the surface of the forged billet by adopting a high-temperature, slow-roll speed and high-pressure reduction mode, wherein the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1150 ℃, the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 880 ℃, and naturally cooling the surface of the forged billet after rolling; the rolling speed is required to be not more than 2.0 m/s; the continuous three-pass reduction rate is more than or equal to 20 percent; the austenite grains are fully refined through dynamic recrystallization, and meanwhile, the production efficiency is improved.
After the steel plate is rolled, a quenching and tempering process is adopted to obtain a fine and uniform tempered cable body structure, the steel plate has good comprehensive mechanical properties, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the steel plate are more excellent compared with normalizing, and the properties of the steel plate are more uniform compared with TMCP (thermal mechanical control processing) and tempering processes. In order to fully exert the effects of Ni, Cr, Mo and other alloy elements in the steel and simultaneously combine other elements and the characteristics of a rolling process, the rolled structure is fully austenitized by quenching and then rapidly cooled to obtain a quenched martensite structure, and alloy carbides in the steel are fully and uniformly precipitated by high-temperature tempering to ensure the final performance of the steel plate. Aiming at the characteristics of steel plates with different thicknesses, the quenching and tempering process is determined as follows: the quenching temperature is 930 +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5-4.5 min/mm; tempering: the temperature is 620 +/-20 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-8 min/mm.
In the aspect of chemical composition design, the quenching performance can be improved by adding Ni with higher content (0.75 wt% -0.95 wt%) due to the reduction of critical transformation temperature and the reduction of diffusion speed of each element in steel; meanwhile, the brittle transition temperature of the steel can be effectively reduced, so that the low-temperature toughness of the steel, especially the low-temperature toughness of thick steel plates, can be obviously improved, and the low-temperature toughness of the steel after long-time simulated postweld heat treatment is realized. The steel plate has enough strength and high toughness. By adding Cr element in steel with higher content (0.40 wt% -0.60 wt%), hardenability, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance can be improved, and the interatomic bonding force in the solid solution is enhanced, and the heat strength is improved. Meanwhile, the harmful effect of the gap elements on irradiation is reduced; the effects of refining grains, improving heat resistance and improving weldability are achieved by adding the trace element Nb (0.010 wt% -0.030 wt%), the aim is achieved by adding the Nb element because the V element is sensitive to irradiation, and in addition, the carbon nitride of Nb can play a role in pinning grain boundaries and has strong capability of dragging the grain boundaries to move when dissolving Nb, so that the strength of the steel is improved.
Through the optimized design of chemical components and the reasonable formulation of a production process, the impact absorption energy of the steel plate at the temperature of 50 ℃ below zero is also kept at a higher level after forging, rolling and quenching and tempering treatment, and the internal quality of the steel plate is effectively improved. The steel plate manufactured by the invention can meet the tensile property requirements of room temperature and high temperature of 200 ℃ after the heat preservation temperature of 610 ℃ and the heat preservation time of 10 hours of simulated postweld heat treatment, and each index is superior to the performance index of the steel plate manufactured by the prior art (after the heat preservation temperature of 610 ℃ and the heat preservation time of 10 hours of simulated postweld heat treatment).
The chemical composition of examples 1-4 is shown in Table 1:
table 1 examples 1-4 chemical composition of steel (wt%)
The forging process parameters for examples 1-4 are shown in Table 2:
table 2 examples 1-4 forging process
The rolling and heat treatment processes of examples 1-4 are shown in Table 3:
table 3 examples 1-4 rolling and heat treatment processes
Example 1:
in the production method of the embodiment, the molten steel is smelted by a converter, refined outside the converter and treated in vacuum, and is cast into a continuous casting billet (the thickness is 300mm), and the continuous casting billet is forged into a billet with the thickness of 290mm by longitudinal forging and transverse forging. The forged steel billet is heated, rolled and rolled again, and the thickness of the finished steel plate is 91 mm. The compositions are shown in Table 1, example 1, the forging, rolling and heat treatment processes are shown in Table 2 and Table 3, respectively, and the mechanical properties are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 mechanical properties results for example 1
A91 mm thick steel plate is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, all performance indexes completely meet requirements, and meanwhile, the steel plate has good comprehensive mechanical properties and welding performance and meets the requirements of GB/T2970 standard I-level ultrasonic flaw detection.
Example 2:
in the production method of the embodiment, the molten steel is smelted by a converter, refined outside the converter and treated in vacuum, and then is cast into a continuous casting billet (the thickness is 300 mm); the continuous casting billet is forged into a billet with the thickness of 300mm through longitudinal forging and horizontal forging. The forged steel billet is heated and rolled again, and the thickness of the finished steel plate is 100 mm. The compositions are shown in Table 1, example 2, the forging, rolling and heat treatment processes are shown in Table 2 and Table 3, example 2, respectively, and the mechanical properties are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 example 2 mechanical properties results
The 100mm thick steel plate is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, various performance indexes completely meet the requirements, and meanwhile, the steel plate has good comprehensive mechanical properties and welding performance and meets the requirements of GB/T2970 standard I-level ultrasonic flaw detection.
Example 3:
in the production method of the embodiment, the molten steel is smelted by a converter, refined outside the converter and treated in vacuum, and then is cast into a continuous casting billet (the thickness is 300 mm); the continuous casting billet is forged into a billet with the thickness of 330mm through longitudinal forging and horizontal forging. The forged steel billet is heated and rolled again, and the specification of the finished steel plate is 110 mm. The compositions are shown in Table 1, example 3, the forging, rolling and heat treatment processes are shown in Table 2 and example 3 in Table 3, respectively, and the mechanical properties are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 example 3 mechanical properties results
The 110mm thick steel plate is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, all performance indexes completely meet the requirements, and meanwhile, the steel plate has good comprehensive mechanical properties and welding performance and meets the requirements of GB/T2970 standard I-level ultrasonic flaw detection.
Example 4:
in the production method of the embodiment, the molten steel is smelted by a converter, refined outside the converter and treated in vacuum, and then cast into a continuous casting billet (with the thickness of 330 mm); the continuous casting billet is forged into a billet with the thickness of 330mm through longitudinal forging and horizontal forging. The forged steel billet is heated and rolled again, and the specification of the finished steel plate is 120 mm. The compositions are shown in Table 1, example 4, the forging, rolling and heat treatment processes are shown in Table 2 and example 4 in Table 3, respectively, and the mechanical properties are shown in Table 7.
Table 7 example 4 mechanical properties results
The 120mm thick steel plate is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, all performance indexes completely meet the requirements, and meanwhile, the steel plate has good comprehensive mechanical properties and welding performance and meets the requirements of GB/T2970 standard I-level ultrasonic flaw detection.
Claims (3)
1. The steel plate for the high-strength high-toughness thick-specification containment vessel of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power station is characterized in that the steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.13 to 0.19 percent of C, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Si, 1.30 to 1.70 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.012 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, 0.75 to 0.95 percent of Ni, 0.40 to 0.60 percent of Cr, 0.30 to 0.60 percent of Mo, 0.015 to 0.040 percent of Al and 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Nb; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The steel plate for the high-strength high-toughness thick-specification containment vessel of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the finished steel plate is 91-120 mm.
3. The production method of the steel plate for the high-strength high-toughness thick-specification containment vessel of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power station as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the steel plate is produced by adopting molten iron deep desulfurization, converter smelting, external refining, vacuum treatment and continuous casting processes; the method is characterized in that:
smelting ensures that P, S in the steel is not more than 0.012 percent and 0.005 percent respectively; the thickness of the continuous casting billet is more than or equal to 250 mm;
the heating temperature of the continuous casting billet is above 1230 ℃, the heat preservation time is above 18h, and the minimum section thickness of the forged billet is 290 mm; the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1150 ℃, the rolling speed is required to be not more than 2.0m/s, the continuous three-pass reduction rate is more than or equal to 20 percent, the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 880 ℃, and the steel is naturally cooled after rolling;
quenching and tempering, wherein the quenching temperature is 930 +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5-4.5 min/mm; tempering: the temperature is 620 +/-20 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-8 min/mm.
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| CN114875309A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Steel for thick-specification high-strength nuclear reactor containment vessel and manufacturing method thereof |
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