CN111072436A - Smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of environment-friendly pyrotechnic compositions. Weighing dicyandiamide, oleic acid, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and isocyanate; adding oleic acid into ethanol, heating and stirring to obtain a solution A; under the stirring state, adding dicyandiamide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate into deionized water in sequence, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution B; adding the solution A into the solution B under the stirring state, heating and stirring until the materials become a mud dough; adding isocyanate into the mud mass, kneading until the mud mass is a uniform rubber mass with moderate hardness, and granulating and drying to obtain a crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator product; and crushing and sieving to obtain the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent. According to the method, oleic acid and dicyandiamide are used as main components, and the decomposition product is gas and does not contain sulfur element; simple process, no three-waste discharge in the production process and obvious economic and social benefits.

Description

Smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of environment-friendly pyrotechnic compositions.

Background

Since ancient times, China has the tradition of setting off fireworks in festivals, and the setting off of fireworks adds a festive atmosphere to the festivals. However, in recent years, due to the ever-increasing consumption, the lack of environmental awareness and the influence of the sharp increase of manufacturers, a great amount of fireworks are set off, so that a great amount of pollution is caused to the environment, and great harm is brought to human health.

However, as is well known, the main components of fireworks of today are potassium nitrate, sulfur and charcoal, some of them also contain potassium chlorate, and even metal powder and so on can be added. The toxic and harmful gases and dust particles generated by the combustion of these substances have very serious influence on the human body functions. A large amount of fireworks are set off in a short time, which brings great pollution to the environment and threatens the life and property safety of people.

The firework passivator is an important component in the pyrotechnic composition, the pyrotechnic composition passivator can be coated on the surfaces of pyrotechnic composition granules to reduce gaps among the pyrotechnic composition granules, and in the transportation process, the friction among the pyrotechnic composition granules can be reduced, external acting force can be dispersed, and heat can be absorbed, so that the possibility of hot spots is reduced, and the storage and transportation safety of fireworks is guaranteed. Patent CN108997072A discloses a safety insensitive agent for fireworks effect powder. The desensitizer is prepared by mechanically crushing and mixing 40-70 parts by weight of stearic acid and 30-60 parts by weight of graphite, is used for preparing fireworks, has smooth machining, improves the moisture-proof and antistatic properties, and has the function of retarding and delaying the combustion of the medicament when the fireworks are set off. However, due to the addition of graphite, more particle floating materials are generated in the using and setting off processes, which is not beneficial to safe production and use. Patent CN108440225A discloses a pyrotechnic composition insensitive agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the pyrotechnic composition insensitive agent comprises the following components: magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium stearate, bismuth trioxide, titanium dioxide, polyaziridine glycidyl ether and ammonium dinitramide. The desensitizer has good diffusion property, moisture resistance, stability and stability, can be stored for a long time without deterioration, and can be well mixed with other components of pyrotechnic compositions. However, the formula contains polyaziridine glycidyl ether and ammonium dinitramide, which have poor stability and are not beneficial to safe production. And because the poly-nitrogen glycidyl ether is a high polymer, more smoke is generated in the firework setting off process, and the environment is not favorable.

The traditional fireworks generate pungent gases such as sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide in the combustion process, which harm the health of people. On the premise of ensuring that fireworks are normally used by people and ensuring that the setting-off effect of fireworks is not reduced or even more excellent, the pollution caused by setting-off of fireworks to the environment and the harm to human bodies are reduced, so that the main contradiction to be urgently solved in the fireworks industry and the hot spot problem and key problem on the development road of the fireworks industry are solved. Therefore, the prepared smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent meets the requirement of the state on environmental protection at the present stage and the desire of people on green water mountains. Therefore, the prepared smokeless and sulfur-free firework stabilizer has great social and practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator and a preparation method thereof, and realizes the efficient preparation of the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator. The smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator not only keeps the effect of the existing firework passivator, but also has no irritant gas generated in the using process, thereby meeting the market demand.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

A smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

a preparation method of a smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator comprises the following specific steps:

step one, weighing dicyandiamide, oleic acid, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and isocyanate according to the mass ratio of a formula;

step two, adding the oleic acid weighed in the step one into ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of the oleic acid to the ethanol is 1 (5-10), heating to 55-75 ℃, and continuously stirring until the oleic acid is dissolved to obtain a solution A;

step three, adding dicyandiamide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate into deionized water in sequence under the stirring state, wherein the mass ratio of dicyandiamide to deionized water is 1 (5-10), and stirring for 30-60 minutes to obtain a mixed solution B;

step four, adding the solution A into the solution B under the stirring state, heating to 75-90 ℃, and continuing stirring until the materials are formed into a mud dough;

step five, adding isocyanate into the mud mass for kneading, wherein a proper amount of ethanol can be added in the kneading process, and the mixture is kneaded into a uniform rubber mass with moderate hardness;

the judging method of the uniform micelle-like substance comprises the following steps: extruding the paste-like substance through a 20-mesh copper sieve to form continuous thin strips which are not adhered to each other;

step six, granulating the uniform micelle with moderate hardness obtained in the step five by using a double-screw granulator, and performing vacuum drying for 12-24 hours at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain a smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator crude product;

and step seven, carrying out light pressing crushing on the crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator obtained in the step six, then sieving the crushed crude product through a 300-mesh copper sieve, and taking the substance penetrating through the copper sieve to obtain the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator.

Advantageous effects

1. A smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator adopts oleic acid and dicyandiamide as main components, and decomposition products are gas and do not contain sulfur element;

2. the preparation method of the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator has the advantages of simple process, few steps, no three-waste discharge in the production process, suitability for flow line operation of factories, suitability for large-scale industrial production and remarkable economic and social benefits.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1

A smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

adding 40g of oleic acid into 300g of ethanol, heating to 55 ℃, and continuously stirring until the oleic acid is dissolved to obtain a solution A; under the stirring state, sequentially adding 30g of dicyandiamide, 10g of sodium carbonate and 10g of sodium bicarbonate into 200g of deionized water, and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed solution B; adding the solution A into the solution B under the stirring state, heating to 75 ℃, and continuing stirring until the materials are formed into mud dough; adding 10g of isocyanate into the mud mass for kneading until the mud mass is a uniform rubber mass with moderate hardness; granulating the obtained uniform micelle with moderate hardness by using a double-screw granulator, and performing vacuum drying for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator product; crushing the obtained crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator product by light pressing, and screening the crushed crude product through a 300-mesh copper screen to obtain 95g of smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator; the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent is used for coating cold fireworks with aluminum powder, the coated aluminum powder is subjected to an accelerated oxidation test in an oven at 80 ℃, the mass is increased by 2.1% after 48 hours, and the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent can achieve a good passivating effect; meanwhile, the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent does not produce irritant gas in the firework setting-off process, and the market demand is met.

Example 2

A smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

adding 420g of oleic acid into 2500g of ethanol, heating to 65 ℃, and continuously stirring until the oleic acid is dissolved to obtain a solution A; under the stirring state, adding 250g of dicyandiamide, 110g of sodium carbonate and 120g of sodium bicarbonate into 1400g of deionized water in sequence, and stirring for 45 minutes to obtain a mixed solution B; adding the solution A into the solution B under the stirring state, heating to 85 ℃, and continuing stirring until the materials form a mud dough; adding 100g of isocyanate into the mud mass for kneading until the mud mass is a uniform rubber mass with moderate hardness; granulating the obtained uniform micelle with moderate hardness by using a double-screw granulator, and performing vacuum drying for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator product; crushing the obtained crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator product by light pressing, and screening the crushed crude product through a 300-mesh copper screen to obtain 933g of smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator; the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent is used for coating aluminum powder for cold fireworks, the coated aluminum powder is subjected to an accelerated oxidation test in an oven at 80 ℃, the mass is increased by 1.8% after 48 hours, and the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent can achieve a good passivating effect; meanwhile, the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent does not produce irritant gas in the firework setting-off process, and the market demand is met.

Example 3

A smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

adding 4.5kg of oleic acid into 27kg of ethanol, heating to 75 ℃, and continuously stirring until the oleic acid is dissolved to obtain a solution A; under the stirring state, sequentially adding 2.7kg of dicyandiamide, 1.3kg of sodium carbonate and 0.7kg of sodium bicarbonate into 1.5kg of deionized water, and stirring for 55 minutes to obtain a mixed solution B; adding the solution A into the solution B under the stirring state, heating to 90 ℃, and continuing stirring until the materials form a mud dough; adding 0.8kg of isocyanate into the mud mass for kneading until the mud mass is a uniform micelle with moderate hardness; granulating the obtained uniform micelle with moderate hardness by using a double-screw granulator, and performing vacuum drying for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator product; the obtained crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator product is crushed by light pressure and then is sieved by a 300-mesh copper sieve to obtain 9.8kg of smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator; the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent is used for coating aluminum powder for cold fireworks, the coated aluminum powder is subjected to an accelerated oxidation test in an oven at 80 ℃, the mass is increased by 1.7% after 48 hours, and the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent can achieve a good passivating effect; meanwhile, the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivating agent does not produce irritant gas in the firework setting-off process, and the market demand is met.

The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator is characterized in that: the components and the occupied mass percentage are as follows:

2. a method of preparing the smokeless and sulfur-free firework deactivator according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:

step one, weighing dicyandiamide, oleic acid, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and isocyanate according to the mass ratio of a formula;

step two, adding the oleic acid weighed in the step one into ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of the oleic acid to the ethanol is 1 (5-10), heating to 55-75 ℃, and continuously stirring until the oleic acid is dissolved to obtain a solution A;

step three, adding dicyandiamide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate into deionized water in sequence under the stirring state, wherein the mass ratio of dicyandiamide to deionized water is 1 (5-10), and stirring for 30-60 minutes to obtain a mixed solution B;

step four, adding the solution A into the solution B under the stirring state, heating to 75-90 ℃, and continuing stirring until the materials are formed into a mud dough;

step five, adding isocyanate into the mud mass for kneading, wherein a proper amount of ethanol can be added in the kneading process, and the mixture is kneaded into a uniform rubber mass with moderate hardness;

the judging method of the uniform micelle-like substance comprises the following steps: extruding the paste-like substance through a 20-mesh copper sieve to form continuous thin strips which are not adhered to each other;

step six, granulating the uniform micelle with moderate hardness obtained in the step five by using a double-screw granulator, and performing vacuum drying for 12-24 hours at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain a smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator crude product;

and step seven, carrying out light pressing crushing on the crude smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator obtained in the step six, then sieving the crushed crude product through a 300-mesh copper sieve, and taking the substance penetrating through the copper sieve to obtain the smokeless and sulfur-free firework passivator.