CN111071316A

CN111071316A - Steering portable cement cart

Info

Publication number: CN111071316A
Application number: CN202010090963.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙丽娟; 梁晓棚; 苏丹娜; 张涛; 张恒心; 王军会; 杨军凯; 王大帅; 孙永娟; 刘兵伟; 张振楠
Original assignee: Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
Current assignee: Tangshan Shengyin Marine Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-13
Filing date: 2020-02-13
Publication date: 2020-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-13
Also published as: CN111071316B

Abstract

The invention relates to a cement cart with light steering, which aims to solve the problems of light steering and slope sliding of the existing cement cart and comprises a frame, two front wheels, two rear wheels and a carriage, wherein the two rear wheels are rotatably connected with the frame through a rear shaft; the front and rear steering knuckle arms are arranged on the steering knuckle, the frame is provided with reversing gears which are in one-to-one correspondence with the steering knuckle, the two reversing gears are mutually meshed, the frame is provided with a crank which is coaxially connected with the reversing gears, the crank is in universal hinge joint with any steering knuckle arm on the corresponding steering knuckle through a pull rod, and any steering knuckle arm on the two steering knuckles is not on the same side; the frame is provided with a steering shaft in transmission connection with any reversing gear, the frame is provided with a handle arranged on the rear side of the frame, the handle is connected with the frame through a sliding shaft, and the sliding shaft is axially consistent with the steering shaft and is axially connected with the steering shaft in a sliding manner; the sliding shaft is connected with the frame through a spring; the frame is provided with a brake device which is matched with the rear shaft and is in transmission connection with the sliding shaft.

Description

Steering portable cement cart

Technical Field

The invention relates to a civil construction tool, in particular to a cement cart with light steering.

Background

Cement is an indispensable building material in civil engineering construction, and cement trolleys are generally used for short-distance conveying of cement in construction sites; most of the existing cement trolleys are simple double-wheel trolleys, and in the pushing process, constructors need to bear the weight of cement, deal with uneven ground in a construction site and control the direction with force, so that the cement trolleys are very inconvenient to use, consume a large amount of physical power and are easy to cause safety accidents; the reason for the above problem is that the steering control of the existing cart is too primitive, and the cart is not assisted by a reasonable and effective steering mechanism and can only be steered forcibly by manpower.

On the other hand, the road surface of a construction site is fluctuated, more uphill and downhill road sections generally exist, the control difficulty of the existing cart is increased when the existing cart runs on a slope, and when the physical strength of a pushing person is poor or the road surface is pothole to cause the slope to stop, the cart is easy to slide down along the slope, so that safety threats are brought to the pushing person, nearby persons, facilities and the like.

In addition, when the existing cart stops, the cart is stopped by the friction force between the supporting legs and the ground, the stopping effect of the cart is closely related to the weight of the cart and the gradient of a parking road, once the cart is lightly loaded and unloaded or the supporting legs are higher than wheels, the stopping effect is greatly reduced, and the phenomenon of vehicle sliding is easily caused.

Although some cement trolleys with additional brake devices exist in the prior art, the control parts of the brake devices need to be manually operated by pushers, and because the cement trolleys are heavy when pushed, the pushers need to tightly hold handles to control the trend and the speed of the trolleys in the pushing process, if the pushers are operated by a free hand, the original control on the trolleys is lost, and the accidents of out-of-control of the trolleys are easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, in order to make up for the technical defects in the prior art, the invention provides the cement cart with light steering, and aims to solve the problems that the existing cement cart is not light in steering, runs on a slope and is inconvenient to operate.

The technical scheme for solving the problem is as follows: the four-wheel cart comprises a frame and four wheels, wherein the frame is provided with a carriage, the four wheels comprise two front wheels and two rear wheels, the two rear wheels are rotatably connected with the frame through a rear shaft, and the two front wheels are respectively connected with the frame through a steering knuckle to form a structure that the two front wheels independently rotate on the frame; the steering knuckle is provided with a front steering knuckle arm and a rear steering knuckle arm, the frame is provided with reversing gears which are axially arranged in the front and the rear and correspond to the steering knuckles one by one, the two reversing gears are mutually meshed, the frame is provided with a crank which is coaxially connected with the reversing gears, the crank is universally hinged with any steering knuckle arm on the corresponding steering knuckle through a pull rod, and any steering knuckle arm on the two steering knuckles, which corresponds to the crank, is not on the same side; the frame is provided with a steering shaft which is parallel to the axis of any reversing gear and is in transmission connection with the axis of any reversing gear, the frame is provided with a handle arranged on the rear side of the frame, the handle is connected with the frame through a sliding shaft, the sliding shaft and the steering shaft are axially consistent and only generate rotation transmission, and the sliding shaft is connected with the frame through a spring to enable the sliding shaft to realize axial sliding reset on the frame; the frame on have the brake equipment who matches with the rear axle, brake equipment and slip axle transmission are connected, when the slip axle slides around on the frame, brake equipment removes the brake, when the slip axle slides and resets the back, brake equipment brakes.

The control device can realize the pushing, steering and braking control of the cart by operating the handle, has more convenient pushing control, light and flexible steering operation and simple and efficient braking control, realizes the unlocking while walking and the braking while stopping on the premise of ensuring normal use, and can effectively avoid the sliding and sliding of the cement cart after pushing and stopping.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 3 in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 3 according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an axial schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional axial view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the four-wheel cart comprises a frame 1 and four wheels 2, wherein a carriage 3 is arranged on the frame 1, the four wheels 2 comprise two front wheels 201 and two rear wheels 202, the two rear wheels are rotatably connected with the frame 1 through a rear shaft 4, the two front wheels 201 are respectively connected with the frame 1 through a steering knuckle 5, and a structure that the two front wheels 201 independently rotate on the frame 1 is formed; the steering knuckle 5 is provided with a front steering knuckle arm and a rear steering knuckle arm 6 (corresponding to the left and right directions of the figure 4 of the attached drawings), the frame 1 is provided with reversing gears 7 which are axially arranged in a front-and-rear mode and correspond to the steering knuckles 5 one by one, the two reversing gears 7 are mutually meshed, the frame 1 is provided with a crank 8 which is coaxially connected with the reversing gears 7, and the crank 8 is hinged with any steering knuckle arm 6 on the corresponding steering knuckle 5 through a pull rod 9: the two ends of the pull rod 9 are respectively and universally hinged with the crank 8 and any one of the knuckle arms 6 through a spherical head, and the knuckle arms 6 corresponding to the crank 8 on the two knuckles 5 are not positioned on the same side of the knuckle 5, so that a structure that the two knuckles 5 generate equidirectional steering through the linkage action of the reversing gear 7, the crank 8 and the pull rod 9 is formed; the frame 1 is provided with a steering shaft 10 coaxially connected with any reversing gear 7, the frame 1 is provided with a handle 11 arranged at the rear side of the frame 1, the handle 11 and the frame 1 are connected in a rotating and axial sliding manner through a sliding shaft 12, the sliding shaft 12 and the steering shaft 10 are in axial conformity and are connected in the axial sliding manner to only generate rotation transmission between the two, namely, when the sliding shaft 12 rotates, the steering shaft 10 rotates along with the sliding shaft 12, when the sliding shaft 12 slides axially on the frame 1, the steering shaft 10 keeps the axial position unchanged, and the sliding shaft 12 and the frame 1 are connected through a spring 13 to realize the axial sliding reset of the sliding shaft 12 on the frame 1; the frame 1 on have with rear axle 4 assorted brake equipment 14, brake equipment 14 is connected with the transmission of slippage axle 12, when slippage axle 12 slides back and forth on frame 1, brake equipment 14 removes the brake, when slippage axle 12 slides and resets, brake equipment 14 brakes to the realization: when the grip 11 is pushed/pulled, the sliding shaft 12 slides to automatically release the brake, and then the four-wheel cart travels under the action of thrust; after the grip 11 is released, the sliding shaft 12 is reset to automatically brake, so that the four-wheel cart is stably stopped.

Preferably, the frame 1 is provided with a steering spring 15 which is corresponding to any one steering knuckle 5 and has an axial direction perpendicular to the front and back directions of the frame 1, one end of the steering spring 15 is connected with the other steering knuckle arm 6 on any one steering knuckle 5, the other end of the steering spring 15 is connected with the frame 1, and the steering spring 15 is used for realizing steering return of the steering knuckle 5, so that the portability during steering is further improved.

Preferably, the steering shaft 10 and the slip shaft 12 are coaxially and slidably connected through a spline 16, and the spline 16 is used for realizing the transmission of sliding and rotating between the steering shaft 10 and the slip shaft 12, so that the sliding of the slip shaft 12 on the frame 1 does not affect the steering shaft 10, that is, does not affect the steering mechanism at the front wheel 201.

Preferably, the frame 1 is provided with a fixed shaft 17 coaxially and slidably connected with the sliding shaft 12 through a spline 16, and the sliding shaft 12 and the fixed shaft 17 are connected through a spring 13 to realize axial sliding reset of the sliding shaft 12; the frame 1 is provided with a speed-increasing gear mechanism 18, and the steering shaft 10 and the fixed shaft 17 are in transmission connection through the speed-increasing gear mechanism 18; the speed-increasing gear mechanism 18 can increase the speed of rotation of the fixed shaft 17 and transmit the increased speed to the steering shaft 10, so that the steering mechanism can obtain a large steering angle by rotating the grip 11 by a small angle, thereby improving the convenience of steering control.

Preferably, the braking device 14 includes: a brake disc 19 coaxially connected with the rear shaft 14, wherein the frame 1 is provided with two swing arms 20 arranged above the brake disc 19 and a slide block 21 arranged on either side of the swing arms 20 (corresponding to the front-back direction of the figure 1 of the accompanying drawing/the left-right direction of the figure 2 of the accompanying drawing), the slide block 21 is connected with the frame 1 in a front-back sliding manner, the two swing arms 20 are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the back side of the brake disc 19, one end of each swing arm 20 is elastically hinged with the slide block 21 through an axial line which is axially consistent with the rear shaft 4, the other end of each swing arm 20 is connected with a friction wheel 23 which is axially consistent with the rear shaft 4 through a one-way bearing 22, the swing arms 20 rotate through the elastic force of the elastic hinge, so that the friction wheels 23 are in extrusion contact with the outer edge of the brake disc 19; referring to fig. 5 and 8, when the slide block 21 slides towards the front of the vehicle frame 1, the pressing force between the friction wheel 23 disposed at the front side of the brake disc 19 and the outer edge of the brake disc 19 gradually decreases or is completely separated from each other, the pressing force between the friction wheel 23 disposed at the rear side of the brake disc 19 and the outer edge of the brake disc 19 gradually increases, at this time, the friction wheel 23 disposed at the rear side of the brake disc 19 can only rotate in the clockwise direction under the action of the corresponding one-way bearing 22, so that the rear shaft 4 can only rotate anticlockwise, namely the four-wheel cart advances, when the four-wheel cart retreats, namely the rear shaft 4 rotates clockwise, the friction wheel 23 is subjected to the friction force of the brake disc 19 to rotate anticlockwise, but at the moment, the one-way bearing 22 is in a locking state, so that the friction wheel 23 cannot rotate, thereby generating hard friction between the friction wheel 23 and the brake disc 19, realizing the braking effect and preventing the four-wheel cart from accidentally retreating in the advancing process; similarly, when the slide block 21 slides towards the rear of the frame 1, the friction wheel 23 arranged on the front side of the brake disc 19 realizes unidirectional braking under the action of the corresponding unidirectional bearing 22 so as to prevent the four-wheel cart in the process of backing from sliding forwards; after the slide block 21 is reset, the two friction wheels 23 are simultaneously in extrusion contact with the brake disc 19, and the rotation of the rear shaft 4 in different directions is respectively braked by the friction of the two friction wheels 23, so that the four-wheel cart is stably static; the sliding block 21 is connected with the sliding shaft 12 through a U-shaped connecting arm 24: two ends of the U-shaped connecting arm 24 are respectively connected with the two sliding blocks 21, and the middle part of the U-shaped connecting arm 24 is rotatably connected with the sliding shaft 12; when the axle that slides 12 rotates, U-shaped linking arm 24 keeps motionless, and when the axle that slides 12 slides around on frame 1, U-shaped linking arm 24 is synchronous slip thereupon to drive slider 21 syntropy and slide, and then realize: when the grip 11 is pushed/pulled, the sliding shaft 12 slides and drives the sliding block 21 to slide in the same direction, so that the brake of the brake device 14 is automatically released, the four-wheel cart can walk under the action of thrust, the accidental backward movement in the walking process can be prevented, high safety guarantee is provided for an uphill road surface, meanwhile, when the grip 11 is pushed/pulled reversely in a downhill road section, the contact friction force between the friction wheel 23 in a one-way locking state and the brake disc 19 is enhanced to perform auxiliary braking, and the accident caused by the over-high speed of the four-wheel cart is prevented; when the four-wheel cart reaches a preset position, the handle 11 is released, the sliding shaft 12 drives the sliding block 21 to reset, so that the brake device 14 is automatically braked, and the four-wheel cart is stably stopped.

Preferably, the frame 1 is provided with flat plates 25 corresponding to the friction wheels 23 one by one, the flat plates 25 are arranged below the friction wheels 23, when the slide block 21 slides forwards and backwards, the friction wheel 23 in front of the slide block 21 in the sliding direction falls on the corresponding flat plate 25 and rolls on the flat plate 25, so that the rolling friction wheel 23 is completely separated from the brake disc 19, the friction resistance of the rolling friction wheel to the rear shaft 4 can be avoided, and the portability of the four-wheel cart during traveling is improved.

Preferably, the front end of the carriage 3 is hinged with the front end of the frame 1, the carriage 3 is provided with a plurality of support ribs 26 arranged between the carriage 3 and the frame 1, the rear end of the carriage 3 is provided with a handle 27, and the tilting and resetting of the carriage 3 are realized through lifting/pulling the handle 27.

The steering device utilizes the handle as a control part, can realize the steering of the wheels by rotating the handle on the premise of not influencing normal pushing, is lighter and more flexible compared with the mode of steering by forced torsion of the existing cement cart, saves the physical strength of pushing personnel, and leads the cart to be more convenient and faster to control.

The invention adopts the automatic clutch type brake device, carries out linkage control through the handle, leads the handle to generate a certain distance relative displacement with the frame when pushing or pulling backwards, further realizes the control of the brake device, and has the positive effects that: when the cement cart is pushed or pulled backwards, the brake device automatically releases the brake due to the displacement of the handle, and after the pushing or pulling is stopped and the handle is loosened, the brake device automatically resets to brake, so that the instant walking and unlocking as well as the instant stopping and braking are realized, and the sliding of the cement cart after the stop can be effectively avoided.

The braking device adopted in the invention utilizes the two unidirectional rotating friction wheels on the two sides of the axle to realize the non-return operation in the pushing process, can effectively prevent the cement cart from unexpectedly reversing, and particularly when the cement cart stops on a slope due to the condition of poor physical strength of a pusher or pothole on the road surface and the like during the running on the slope, as long as the pushing force or the pulling force on the handle is enough to keep the relative displacement between the handle and the frame unchanged, the friction wheels in contact with the axle tightly press the axle under the action of the hinged elasticity of the swing arms, so that the braking friction force is increased to effectively prevent the axle from reversing, therefore, the reverse sliding of the cement cart does not need to be worried about, and the pusher can have enough time to accumulate or adjust the force after the unexpected parking, thereby ensuring the normal running of cement conveying.

Based on the one-way non-return characteristic of the brake device of the cement cart in the pushing process, when the cement cart encounters a downhill road section, the grip can be pushed/pulled reversely to assist in deceleration, so that the pushing safety is further improved, and the cement cart is prevented from sliding out of control.

The steering and braking control in the invention is realized by controlling the handle, and the two controls and the pushing operation are not influenced mutually, and can be carried out simultaneously or independently.

Claims

1. A cement cart with light steering comprises a frame (1) and a four-wheel cart consisting of four wheels (2), wherein a carriage (3) is arranged on the frame (1), and is characterized in that the four wheels (2) consist of two front wheels (201) and two rear wheels (202), the two rear wheels are rotatably connected with the frame (1) through a rear shaft (4), and the two front wheels (201) are respectively connected with the frame (1) through a steering knuckle (5); the steering knuckle structure is characterized in that a front steering knuckle arm and a rear steering knuckle arm (6) are arranged on the steering knuckle (5), reversing gears (7) which are axially arranged in the front and the rear are arranged on the frame (1) in a one-to-one correspondence mode with the steering knuckles (5), the two reversing gears (7) are meshed with each other, a crank (8) which is coaxially connected with the reversing gears (7) is arranged on the frame (1), the crank (8) is hinged with any one steering knuckle arm (6) on the corresponding steering knuckle (5) through a pull rod (9), and the any one steering knuckle arm (6) on the two steering knuckles (5) is not on the same side; the steering mechanism is characterized in that a steering shaft (10) in transmission connection with any reversing gear (7) is arranged on the frame (1), a grip (11) arranged on the rear side of the frame (1) is arranged on the frame (1), the grip (11) is connected with the frame (1) through a sliding shaft (12), the sliding shaft (12) is axially consistent with the steering shaft (10) and is axially and slidably connected with the steering shaft (10), and the sliding shaft (12) is connected with the frame (1) through a spring (13); the bicycle is characterized in that a brake device (14) matched with the rear shaft (4) is arranged on the bicycle frame (1), the brake device (14) is in transmission connection with the sliding shaft (12), when the sliding shaft (12) slides forwards and backwards on the bicycle frame (1), the brake device (14) releases the brake, and when the sliding shaft (12) slides and resets, the brake device (14) brakes.

2. The cement cart with convenient steering according to claim 1, characterized in that a steering spring (15) corresponding to any steering knuckle (5) is arranged on the frame (1), one end of the steering spring (15) is connected with the other steering knuckle arm (6) on any steering knuckle (5), and the other end of the steering spring (15) is connected with the frame (1).

3. Cement cart with portable steering according to claim 1, characterized in that the steering shaft (10) is coaxially slidingly connected with the slip shaft (12) via splines (16).

4. The cement cart with convenient steering according to claim 1, wherein the frame (1) is provided with a fixed shaft (17) coaxially and slidably connected with the sliding shaft (12) through a spline (16), and the sliding shaft (12) is connected with the fixed shaft (17) through a spring (13); the frame (1) is provided with a speed-increasing gear mechanism (18), and the steering shaft (10) is in transmission connection with the fixed shaft (17) through the speed-increasing gear mechanism (18).

5. Cement cart with portable steering according to claim 1, characterized in that the braking device (14) comprises: the brake disc (19) is coaxially connected with the rear shaft (14), two swing arms (20) arranged above the brake disc (19) and a sliding block (21) arranged on one side of the swing arms (20) are arranged on the frame (1), the sliding block (21) is in front-back sliding connection with the frame (1), the two swing arms (20) are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the brake disc (19), one ends of the swing arms (20) are elastically hinged with the sliding block (21), the other ends of the swing arms (20) are connected with friction wheels (23) which are axially consistent with the rear shaft (4) through one-way bearings (22), the friction wheels (23) are in extrusion contact with the outer edge of the brake disc (19), and the free rotation directions of the one-way bearings (22) corresponding to the two swing arms (20) are opposite; the sliding block (21) is connected with the sliding shaft (12) through a U-shaped connecting arm (24): two ends of the U-shaped connecting arm (24) are respectively connected with the two sliding blocks (21), and the middle part of the U-shaped connecting arm (24) is rotatably connected with the sliding shaft (12).

6. The cement cart with easy steering according to claim 5, wherein the frame (1) is provided with flat plates (25) corresponding to the friction wheels (23) one by one, and the flat plates (25) are arranged below the friction wheels (23).

7. The cement cart with easy steering as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end of the carriage (3) is hinged with the front end of the frame (1), the carriage (3) is provided with a plurality of support ribs (26) arranged between the carriage (3) and the frame (1), and the rear end of the carriage (3) is provided with a handle (27).