CN111071289B

CN111071289B - Parking cylinder, parking brake unit, brake clamp unit, brake system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN111071289B
Application number: CN202010001242.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐少亭; 刁有彬; 王震; 孔德鹏; 宋传云; 王超恒; 黄士伟
Original assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-02
Filing date: 2020-01-02
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-02
Also published as: CN111071289A

Abstract

The invention relates to a parking cylinder, a parking brake unit, a brake caliper unit, a brake system and a vehicle, wherein the parking cylinder comprises: parking the cylinder body; the first force transmission mechanism is arranged in the parking cylinder body; the locking mechanism is arranged in the parking cylinder body and comprises a first locking piece and a second locking piece which are matched with each other, and the first locking piece is connected with the first force transmission mechanism; a release device connected with the second locking piece. The parking brake unit comprises a parking cylinder and a brake cylinder, the parking cylinder adopts the parking cylinder, a brake cylinder body of the brake cylinder is connected with the parking cylinder body, and a brake piston of the brake cylinder is connected with the first force transmission mechanism. The parking cylinder with a light-weight and small-size mechanical locking structure is adopted, so that the longitudinal and vertical sizes of the brake clamp unit are shorter, the installation space of the brake clamp unit is reduced, the weight of the brake clamp unit is lightened, and the risk of failure of parking brake caused by breakage of a spring does not exist in the parking brake process.

Description

Parking cylinder, parking brake unit, brake clamp unit, brake system and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, relates to a rail transit braking technology, and particularly relates to a parking cylinder, a parking braking unit, a braking clamp unit, a braking system and a vehicle.

Background

The brake clamp unit is an actuating mechanism of a rail transit vehicle brake system and is used for converting compressed air pressure into mechanical thrust and amplifying the mechanical thrust, and the kinetic energy of a rail vehicle is converted through the friction action between a brake disc and a brake pad so as to achieve the purposes of speed regulation or parking. Rail transit vehicles such as locomotives, motor cars, high-speed buses, city rails and the like, which employ disc brakes, are distinguished by function, the brake caliper units generally comprise brake caliper units without parking function and brake caliper units with parking function (generally referred to as parking brake caliper units). After a vehicle is parked on a hill or in a garage, the parking brake is typically applied to prevent the vehicle from rolling. Emergency occurs in the running process of the vehicle, and the parking brake can be applied after the emergency brake is applied, so that the safety guarantee of the vehicle is realized.

At present, the parking brake clamp units used by domestic and foreign trains all adopt spring energy storage type parking cylinders, and the springs in the parking cylinders provide parking brake source power. In the prior art, the parking brake caliper units or parking cylinders are different in structure and function principles (for example, chinese patent No. CN 107461432B), but both adopt compression springs to provide parking brake power. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a parking brake caliper unit 1 'is installed on a bogie 2', and when parking brake is applied, a parking brake control module controls to evacuate compressed air in a parking cylinder, a compression spring in the parking cylinder 3 'is extended, spring force is converted into mechanical thrust through a mechanical structure and transmitted to a brake cylinder 4', a lead screw of the brake cylinder 4 'is extended, the mechanical thrust of the lead screw is amplified and converted into brake pad pressure installed on a brake pad holder 6' through a brake lever 5 ', and a brake pad on both sides clamps a brake disc 7', so that parking brake is applied.

With the development trend of light weight design of rail transit vehicles, the requirements on the weight and the volume of the brake caliper unit are lighter and smaller so as to adapt to more compact bogie installation space. Parking brake caliper units are more heavy and bulky, requiring more truck installation space, than parking brake caliper units without parking cylinder modules and manual release devices. The existing spring energy storage type parking brake clamp unit has large weight and volume, and if a compression spring in a parking cylinder is broken, the parking brake fails and cannot be applied.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of large weight and volume and the like of the existing parking brake clamp unit, the invention provides a parking cylinder, a parking brake unit, a brake clamp unit, a brake system and a vehicle which are light in weight and small in volume, and the risk of parking brake failure caused by spring breakage does not exist in the parking brake process.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a parking cylinder including:

parking the cylinder body;

the first force transmission mechanism is arranged in the parking cylinder body;

the locking mechanism is arranged in the parking cylinder body and comprises a first locking piece and a second locking piece which are matched with each other, and the first locking piece is connected with the first force transmission mechanism;

a release device connected with the second locking piece.

Preferably, the first force transmission mechanism comprises a parking lead screw, one end of the parking lead screw is connected with the first locking piece, and the other end of the parking lead screw is connected with a brake piston of the brake cylinder.

Preferably, a first toothed portion is arranged on a matching surface of the first locking piece and the second locking piece, a second toothed portion is arranged on a matching surface of the second locking piece and the first locking piece, and the first toothed portion is meshed with the second toothed portion.

Preferably, one end of the second locking piece is rotatably connected with the parking cylinder body, the other end of the second locking piece is connected with the relieving device, and the second toothed part is arranged at one end of the second locking piece connected with the relieving device.

Preferably, the relieving device comprises a cover plate connected with the parking cylinder body, a handle assembly, a relieving pull rod, a reset elastic piece and a connecting piece; the cover plate is sleeved on the release pull rod, and the handle assembly is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate; the resetting elastic piece is sleeved on the release pull rod and is placed between the cover plate and the connecting piece; one end of the connecting piece is connected with the release pull rod, and the other end of the connecting piece is connected with the second locking piece.

Furthermore, the relieving device also comprises a protecting piece, wherein the protecting piece is sleeved on the relieving pull rod and is placed between the cover plate and the handle assembly.

The parking cylinder further comprises a first sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism comprises a first sealing element sleeved on the connecting element, a second sealing element and a first wear-resistant element which are respectively arranged on the first sealing element, and a third sealing element and a second wear-resistant element which are respectively arranged between the connecting element and the parking cylinder body, the first sealing element and the parking cylinder body are in interference press fit, and a fourth sealing element is arranged between the first sealing element and the parking cylinder body.

Further, still include with park the gland that the cylinder body is connected, first locking piece with be equipped with first thrust bearing between the gland, first locking piece with park and be equipped with second thrust bearing between the cylinder body.

Furthermore, an adjusting part is arranged between the gland and the first thrust bearing.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a parking brake unit, which includes a parking cylinder and a brake cylinder, wherein the parking cylinder is adopted as the parking cylinder, a brake cylinder body of the brake cylinder is connected with the parking cylinder body, and a brake piston of the brake cylinder is connected with the first force transmission mechanism.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a parking brake caliper unit, which includes a parking cylinder, a brake cylinder, and a brake caliper, wherein the parking cylinder is adopted as the parking cylinder, a brake cylinder body of the brake cylinder is connected with the parking cylinder body, a brake piston of the brake cylinder is connected with the first force transmission mechanism, and the brake cylinder is connected with the brake caliper through an articulated bolt.

To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a brake system including the parking brake caliper unit described above.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a railway vehicle including the above brake system.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

(1) the parking cylinder adopts a mechanical locking type structure, and compared with the existing elastic energy storage type parking cylinder, the parking cylinder is light in weight and small in size, and after the parking cylinder is connected with a brake cylinder to form a parking brake unit, the parking brake unit is shorter in longitudinal and vertical sizes and small in occupied installation space, so that the installation space of the brake clamp unit is reduced, and the weight of the brake clamp unit is lightened.

(2) According to the invention, the parking cylinder adopts the mechanical locking type structure, so that when parking braking is carried out, a power source is not provided by adopting a compression spring, the air pressure set by the parking braking is charged into the brake cylinder to enable the brake cylinder to output braking force, the braking state of the brake cylinder is locked through the mechanical locking type structure of the parking cylinder, the parking braking is indirectly realized, and the risk of failure of the parking braking caused by the breakage of the spring is avoided.

(3) The force transmission mechanism of the parking cylinder is connected with the brake piston of the brake cylinder, and the action direction of the force transmission mechanism of the parking cylinder during force output is an outward pushing direction, so that the parking cylinder is suitable for all brake cylinders applying brake through linear motion of the brake piston, and the application range is wide.

(4) The parking cylinder of the parking brake unit adopts a mechanical locking structure, the parking cylinder has light weight and small volume, and is directly connected with the brake piston of the brake cylinder, so that the parking brake unit has compact structure, light weight and small volume, can adapt to more compact installation space of the installation frame, and can prevent the output force of emergency brake from being superposed with the parking brake force. That is, since the parking brake output force, i.e., the braking force generated by the compressed air charged in the brake cylinder, and the set air pressure required for parking brake is less than the maximum working pressure of the brake cylinder, only one path of compressed air in the brake cylinder outputs the braking force, thereby eliminating the risk of overlapping the emergency braking force and the parking braking force.

(5) Compared with the existing spring energy storage type parking brake clamp unit, the parking brake force of the parking brake clamp unit is limited and fixed by a spring force value, the parking cylinder adopts a mechanical locking structure, and compressed air filled in the brake cylinder when parking brake is applied can be adjusted according to the calculated parking brake force, so that the parking brake force is adjusted.

(6) According to the braking system and the railway vehicle, the mechanical locking type parking cylinder with light weight and small size is adopted, the risk of failure of parking braking caused by breakage of the spring is avoided, the superposition of emergency braking output force and parking braking force can be prevented, and the lightweight design concept and the development trend of the railway vehicle are met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional brake caliper unit;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a prior art brake caliper unit;

FIGS. 3-4 are schematic views of parking cylinders according to embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second locking element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a handle assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a state diagram of the handle assembly to alleviate parking brake according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake cylinder according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an unlocked state of the locking mechanism in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a view of the locking mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention in a locked state;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a parking brake caliper unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawing, 1 ', parking brake caliper unit, 2', bogie, 3 ', parking cylinder, 4', brake cylinder, 5 ', brake lever, 6', brake pad, 7 ', brake disc, 1, parking cylinder, 11, parking cylinder, 121, parking lead screw, 122, first thrust bearing, 123, second thrust bearing, 131, first locking member, 1311, first tooth portion, 132, second locking member, 1321, second tooth portion, 141, cover plate, 1421, release handle, 1422, support base, 1423, handle limiting member, 143, release lever, 144, return spring, 145, first connecting member, 146, guard, 151, first sealing member, 152, second sealing member, 153, first wear member, 154, third sealing member, 155, second wear member, 156, fourth sealing member, 16, gland, 17, adjusting member, 18, second connecting member, 19, fixing member, 2', parking brake lever, 16 ', brake pad, 7', brake disk, 1, 141, second tooth portion, 141, cover plate, 1421, release handle limiting member, 1422, and fourth sealing member, 16, gland, The brake cylinder 21, the brake cylinder body 211, the support bearing 22, the brake piston 221, the wedge 2211, the inclined plane 231, the pushing part 232, the support bearing 24, the gap adjusting mechanism 251, the brake screw 2511, the end face teeth 252, the thrust rod 2521, the end face teeth 253, the reset nut 254, the elastic washer 26, the piston reset elastic piece 27, the second sealing mechanism 3, the brake clamp 4, the hinge bolt 5 and the third connecting piece.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The existing spring energy storage type parking brake clamp unit cannot meet the requirement of a more compact bogie installation space due to the fact that the installation space is large due to the fact that the weight and the size are large, and if a compression spring in a parking cylinder is broken, parking brake failure can be caused, and parking brake cannot be applied. The invention provides a parking cylinder, a parking brake unit, a brake clamp unit, a brake system and a vehicle. Through designing the parking jar, the parking jar structure of adoption is different with current parking jar structure, adopts mechanical locking formula structure, and not only light in weight and small, and the power supply of parking braking does not adopt compression spring, through the mechanical structure of parking jar inside, the braking state after the lock brake jar fills compressed air keeps thereby the brake lining to press from both sides tight brake disc and realizes applying of parking braking promptly, can not appear the problem of parking braking inefficacy, has guaranteed the security of parking braking. The above-described apparatus and method are described in detail below with specific examples.

Example 1: referring to fig. 3-5, the present embodiment provides a parking cylinder comprising:

a parking cylinder 11;

the first force transmission mechanism is arranged in the parking cylinder body 11;

the locking mechanism is arranged in the parking cylinder 11 and comprises a first locking piece 131 and a second locking piece 132 which are matched, and the first locking piece 131 is connected with the first force transmission mechanism;

a release means connected to the second locking member 132.

With continued reference to fig. 3 to 5, the first force transmission means comprises a parking screw 121, one end of the parking screw 121 being connected to the first locking element 131 and the other end being connected to the brake piston 22 of the brake cylinder 2. Specifically, the parking lead screw 121 is screwed with the first locking member 131 through a non-self-locking trapezoidal thread, the parking lead screw 121 is tightly screwed with the brake piston 22 through a thread, and the screwing direction of the connecting thread is opposite to that of the trapezoidal thread.

With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, in an embodiment, a first tooth portion 1311 is disposed on a mating surface of the first locking member 131 and the second locking member 132, a second tooth portion 1321 is disposed on a mating surface of the second locking member 132 and the first locking member 131, and the first tooth portion 1311 is mated with the second tooth portion 1321. One end of the second locking piece 132 is rotatably connected with the parking cylinder 11, the other end of the second locking piece 132 is connected with the release device, the second toothed portion 1321 is arranged at one end of the second locking piece 132 connected with the release device, and under the action of the release device, the first toothed portion is meshed with or separated from the second toothed portion, so that parking braking locking or unlocking is realized. Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 3-5 and with reference to fig. 6, the second locking member 132 has a mounting hole 1322 at one end and a U-shaped slot 1323 at the other end, the second locking member 132 is connected to the release device through the second connecting member 18, the second locking member 132 is connected to the parking cylinder 11 through the mounting hole 1322 and the fixing member 19, and the second locking member 132 is freely rotatable around the fixing member 19. The connection mode of the first locking member and the second locking member is not limited to the tooth engagement locking mode, and a friction engagement locking mode may be adopted.

It should be noted that the structural design of the second locking element takes into consideration the strength, the shape and the relative position of the connection with the parking cylinder, in order to reduce the stress of the second locking element by the direction of the force coinciding with the "line connecting the meshing points of the two teeth with the center of the mounting hole 1322" when the first tooth 1311 and the second tooth 1321 are meshed.

With continued reference to fig. 3-5, the mitigation device includes a cover plate 141 connected to the parking cylinder 11, a handle assembly, a mitigation pull rod 143, a return elastic member 144, and a first connecting member 145; the cover plate 141 is sleeved on the relieving pull rod 143, and the handle assembly is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate 141; the reset elastic member 144 is sleeved on the release pull rod 143 and placed between the cover plate 141 and the first connecting member 145, and in a free state, the first connecting member 145 resets under the action of the reset elastic member 144 to push the first locking member 131 to be engaged with the second locking member 132; the first connecting member 145 has one end connected to the release lever 143 and the other end connected to the second locking member 132. Specifically, the release pull rod is connected with the handle assembly and the first connecting piece through threads respectively, a mounting hole is formed in one end, connected with the second locking piece, of the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece is mounted in a guide groove of the parking cylinder body through the mounting hole and a U-shaped groove, and the release pull rod drives the second toothed portion of the second locking piece to be meshed or separated with or from the first toothed portion of the first locking piece through linear movement of the first connecting piece. It should be noted that the first connecting member is not limited to a linear motion, and may also be a curvilinear motion.

With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, the release device further includes a guard 146, and the guard 146 is sleeved on the release pull rod 143 and placed between the cover plate 141 and the handle assembly. In particular, the guard is a dust boot for preventing dust from entering the parking cylinder from the cover plate and the release pull rod.

With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, in a specific embodiment, the handle assembly is a release handle 1421, and an operator can complete the release of parking brake by operating the release handle, so as to implement the short-range release operation.

If the vehicle needs to ask for help, in the process of the vehicle pulling and returning, the function of isolating the parking cylinder after parking braking is manually relieved, the parking braking function is not allowed to be applied, but normal braking and relieving of the brake cylinder are guaranteed in the process of returning. Referring to fig. 7, in another embodiment, the handle assembly includes a release handle 1421, a support seat 1422, and a handle stopper 1423, the release handle 1421 is installed in the support seat 1422, the handle stopper 1423 passes through the release handle 1421 and is fixed on the support seat 1422, and the support seat 1422 is installed on the vehicle body. The handle assembly facilitates operator ease of parking brake on both sides of the vehicle body. Specifically, the handle limiting part is an annular fixed buckle, the annular fixed buckle penetrates through a center hole 1425 at the end part of the release handle before manual release parking braking, after manual release parking braking and manual operation release of the handle, the release handle is rotated by 90 degrees, and the annular fixed buckle penetrates through a center hole 1424 in the middle of the release handle and is fixed on the supporting seat (see fig. 8), so that the release handle cannot automatically reset, and the pull-out state is always kept. After the release device cannot be automatically reset, the locking mechanism is always in a release state, the parking lead screw can freely reciprocate, parking brake cannot be normally applied in the traction return process, and the normal brake and release functions of the brake cylinder are not affected. After the vehicle rescue is finished and the fault is eliminated, the manual operation relieving handle is reset again, and the functions of the relieving device and the parking cylinder are recovered. It should be noted that the handle limiting part is not limited to the form of the annular fixing buckle, and may also be in other forms, and the fixing mode of the release handle is also not limited to the mode of fixing after rotating 90 degrees, and is not described herein again.

With continued reference to fig. 5, the parking cylinder further includes a first sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism includes a first sealing element 151 sleeved on the first connecting element 145, a second sealing element 152 and a first wear-resistant element 153 respectively mounted on the first sealing element 151, and a third sealing element 154 and a second wear-resistant element 155 respectively disposed between the first connecting element 145 and the parking cylinder 11, the first sealing element 151 and the parking cylinder 11 are press-fitted in an interference manner, and a fourth sealing element 156 is disposed between the first sealing element 151 and the parking cylinder 11. Sealing between the parking cylinder and the first connecting piece is achieved by the sealing element 151, and sealing of the cavity between the parking cylinder and the brake cylinder piston is achieved at the same time.

With continued reference to fig. 3, the parking cylinder further includes a gland 16 connected to the parking cylinder 11, a first thrust bearing 122 is disposed between the first locking member 131 and the gland 16, and a second thrust bearing 123 is disposed between the first locking member 131 and the parking cylinder 11. The two thrust bearings only bear axial force, and when the first locking piece and the second locking piece are in an unlocking state, the first locking piece can freely rotate back and forth along the thrust bearings when receiving torque.

With continued reference to fig. 3, an adjustment member 17 is disposed between the gland 16 and the first thrust bearing 122. Specifically, the gland 16 is fastened on the parking cylinder 11 through a bolt, the adjusting piece adopts an adjusting gasket, and the adjusting piece is pre-compressed after the gland is fastened, so that no gap exists between the first locking piece and the thrust bearing in the axial direction.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first locking member adopts a lock nut structure, and the second locking member adopts a pawl structure.

The parking cylinder adopts a mechanical locking structure, and compared with the existing spring energy storage type parking cylinder, the parking cylinder is light in weight and small in size.

Example 2: the embodiment provides a parking brake unit which comprises a parking cylinder 1 and a brake cylinder 2, wherein the parking cylinder is the parking cylinder of the embodiment 1, a brake cylinder body 21 of the brake cylinder 2 is connected with the parking cylinder body 11, and a brake piston 22 of the brake cylinder 2 is connected with the first force transmission mechanism.

Specifically, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the brake cylinder 2 comprises:

the brake device comprises a brake cylinder body 21, wherein two symmetrical support bearings 211 are arranged in the brake cylinder body 21;

the brake piston 22 is arranged in the brake cylinder body 21, and the brake piston 22 is provided with two symmetrically arranged wedges 221;

the pushing mechanism comprises a pushing part 231 and two supporting bearings 232 symmetrically arranged on the pushing part 231, the supporting bearings 232 on the pushing part are symmetrical to the supporting bearings 211 on the brake cylinder body 21, and the wedge 221 is inserted between the supporting bearings 232 on the pushing part and the supporting bearings 211 on the brake cylinder body 21;

a gap adjusting mechanism 24 sleeved in the pushing part 231;

the second force transmission mechanism is sleeved in the gap adjusting mechanism 24 and comprises a brake screw rod 251, and the brake screw rod 251 is in threaded connection with the gap adjusting mechanism 24;

and a piston return elastic member 26 disposed between the brake piston 22 and the pushing portion 231.

When the brake piston 22 moves linearly, the support bearing 211 and the support bearing 232 perform a guiding function, the support bearing 232 mounted on the pushing portion rolls along the inclined surface 2211 of the wedge 221 of the brake piston 22, and the pushing portion moves linearly under the pushing of the wedge 221 of the brake piston 22, so that the vertical movement of the brake piston 22 is converted into the lateral movement of the pushing portion 231, and the direction of the pushing force is converted into 90 degrees. When the pushing portion 231 moves, the gap adjustment mechanism is actuated, so that the output force is transmitted to the second force transmission mechanism to extend the brake screw 251.

With continued reference to fig. 9, a second sealing mechanism 27 is disposed between the brake cylinder 21 and the brake piston 22, the second sealing mechanism 27 is in interference press fit with the brake piston 22, and the brake piston 22, the second sealing mechanism 27 and the brake cylinder 21 form a brake cylinder sealed cavity.

With continued reference to fig. 9, the second force transmission mechanism further includes a thrust rod 252 sleeved on the brake screw 251, a reset nut 253 sleeved on the end of the brake screw 251, and an elastic washer 254, wherein the reset nut 253 is located outside the thrust rod 252. Specifically, the brake screw 251, the thrust rod 252 and the reset nut 253 are connected through an elastic cylindrical pin. The end surface of the brake screw 251 connected with the thrust rod 252 is provided with end surface teeth 2511, the end surface of the thrust rod 252 connected with the brake screw 251 is also provided with end surface teeth 2521, and the end surface teeth 2511 of the brake screw 251 are meshed with the end surface teeth 2521 of the thrust rod 252. The elastic washer 254 is disposed between the thrust rod 252 and the return nut 253, and is disposed in the circular groove of the thrust rod 252. The reset nut 253 compresses the elastic force generated by the elastic washer 254, so that the end surface teeth 2511 of the brake screw 251 and the end surface teeth 2521 of the thrust rod 252 are always kept in tight engagement. When the brake screw is stressed to push outwards, the end face teeth of the brake screw press the thrust rod and push the thrust rod outwards. When the reset nut is rotated, the end face teeth of the brake screw and the end face teeth of the thrust rod are meshed and separated in a reciprocating mode, the elastic washer compresses and extends in a reciprocating mode, the brake screw rotates along with the reset nut, and therefore the brake screw can extend or shorten along with rotation.

In addition, the connection mode of the gap adjusting mechanism, the pushing part and the brake screw adopts the existing connection mode, and the details are not repeated here.

The brake cylinder is not limited to the above-described structure, and any brake cylinder that applies a brake by a linear motion of a brake piston may be used. The structural composition of other brake cylinders is not described in detail here.

In the parking brake unit of the present embodiment, the thrust rod of the brake cylinder is connected to the brake lever of the brake caliper, and the parking brake unit operates according to the following principle:

(1) parking cylinder is inflated to relieve working state

When the vehicle runs, the parking cylinder is in an air-filled relieving state, and the brake cylinder can normally apply service braking and relieve actions.

The parking cylinder is in an air-filled relieving state, referring to fig. 10, the relieving device is in an outward pulling state under the action of compressed air of the parking cylinder, the second locking piece is driven to be separated from the first locking piece, and the locking mechanism is kept in an unlocking state. Referring to fig. 3, in the process of air charging, braking and air exhausting of the brake cylinder, the brake piston reciprocates to drive the parking lead screw to reciprocate linearly, the parking lead screw reciprocates to drive the first locking piece to rotate freely in the positive direction and the negative direction due to the separation of the second locking piece and the first locking piece, and at the moment, the parking cylinder and the brake cylinder do not influence each other in action.

(2) Parking brake application

After a parking braking instruction is applied, firstly, compressed air in a parking cylinder is emptied, at the moment, the relieving device is reset under the action of the reset elastic piece, the first connecting piece pushes the second toothed part of the second locking piece to be contacted with the first toothed part of the first locking piece, referring to fig. 11, when the first locking piece rotates clockwise, the second toothed part continuously jumps along the tooth top and the tooth bottom of the first toothed part, and the second locking piece and the first locking piece are in a state to be locked all the time; if the first locking piece rotates anticlockwise, the tooth parts of the first locking piece and the second locking piece are engaged and locked, and relative rotation cannot be continued.

When a parking brake instruction is applied, the parking brake control module is triggered at the same time, compressed air with a set pressure value is filled into the brake cylinder from the special air cylinder to push the brake piston to move, air pressure is converted into mechanical thrust of the brake piston, in the forward movement process of the brake piston, the mechanical thrust of the brake screw rod is converted through the pushing mechanism, the brake screw rod extends, and the brake lever of the brake clamp is pushed to move through the thrust rod. The parking screw rod is driven to move along with the brake piston in the forward moving process, the first locking piece rotates clockwise, and the locking mechanism is in a state to be locked all the time.

After the brake disc is pressed by the brake pad, the brake lever begins to generate elastic deformation, when the state of each part is stabilized by the braking force generated by compressed air, the brake piston moves in place, the parking lead screw stops moving forwards, the first locking piece stops rotating, and at the moment, the second tooth-shaped part can be completely clamped into the tooth bottom of the first tooth-shaped part and can also be contacted with the tooth top of the first tooth-shaped part.

Subsequently, if compressed air in the brake cylinder is exhausted immediately or leaked slowly, the air pressure in the brake cylinder is reduced, the brake piston returns under the action of the reset elastic piece, the parking lead screw starts to return accordingly, the first locking piece starts to rotate anticlockwise and reversely, the second locking piece and the first locking piece are completely meshed to stop the rotation of the first locking piece in the reversing process of the first locking piece, referring to fig. 11, the parking lead screw stops moving accordingly, at the moment, the position of the brake piston is kept unchanged, the brake cylinder keeps a braking state, and the brake pad clamps the brake disc, so that parking braking is realized.

(3) Parking brake charging mitigation

The parking cylinder braking unit is in a parking braking state, compressed air with a set value is filled into the parking cylinder, the relieving device is pushed to move outwards, and the first connecting piece pulls the second locking piece to be separated from the first locking piece. After the first locking piece is released, the braking piston returns under the action of the piston resetting elastic piece, so that the parking lead screw is driven to return, the first locking piece rotates anticlockwise according to the view direction of fig. 10 until the braking piston completely resets, the first locking piece stops rotating, and the parking cylinder recovers to fill air to relieve the working state.

(4) Parking brake manual mitigation

The parking cylinder braking unit is in a parking braking state, the locking mechanism of the parking cylinder is in a locking state at the moment, the release handle is manually operated, the principle of the release device is the same as that of the release device which is driven by charging air to the parking cylinder, the locking mechanism is unlocked, the braking piston and the parking lead screw return, the first locking piece rotates until the braking piston completely resets, and therefore parking braking release is achieved.

The emergency brake can be applied under the emergency condition of the vehicle to ensure the safety of the vehicle, the parking brake can be automatically applied after the emergency brake is applied, in order to prevent the brake output force of the brake clamp unit from exceeding the strength of parts of the brake clamp unit and prevent the brake clamp unit from being permanently damaged, a brake force anti-superposition control module is usually arranged in a brake system or an anti-superposition mechanical structure is arranged on the brake clamp unit, so that the parking force output by a parking cylinder compression spring and the brake force output by a brake cylinder during the emergency brake are prevented from being output in a superposition mode.

The parking brake unit of the present embodiment is also capable of preventing the output force of the emergency brake from being superimposed on the parking brake force. Specifically, the parking brake unit of the present embodiment employs the mechanical locking parking cylinder, and since the parking brake output force is the braking force generated by the compressed air charged in the brake cylinder, and the set air pressure required by the parking brake is smaller than the maximum working pressure of the brake cylinder, only one path of the compressed air in the brake cylinder outputs the braking force, the structure of the mechanical locking parking brake unit itself eliminates the risk of overlapping the emergency brake and the parking braking force.

The parking brake unit of this embodiment parks the jar and adopts mechanical locking formula structure, parks the weight reduction of jar, and the volume reduces, and with the brake piston lug connection of checking cylinder, makes parking brake unit compact structure, light in weight, small, can adapt to more compact mounting bracket installation space. The parking brake power source is not provided by a compression spring, the brake cylinder is charged with the air pressure set in parking to enable the brake cylinder to output the brake force, the brake state of the brake cylinder is locked through the mechanical structure of the parking cylinder, the parking brake is achieved indirectly, and the risk of failure of the parking brake caused by spring breakage does not exist.

Example 3: referring to fig. 12, the present embodiment provides a parking brake caliper unit including a parking cylinder 1, a brake cylinder 2 and a brake caliper 3, the parking cylinder is the parking cylinder of embodiment 1, a brake cylinder body 21 of the brake cylinder 2 is connected to the parking cylinder body 11, a brake piston 22 of the brake cylinder 2 is connected to the first force transmission mechanism, and the brake cylinder 2 is connected to the brake caliper 3 through an articulation bolt 4. In particular, the parking cylinder 11 is connected to the braking cylinder 21 by means of screws 5. The structure of the brake cylinder is the same as that of the brake cylinder in embodiment 2, and details are not repeated here.

In the present embodiment, the parking brake caliper unit brake cylinder is not limited to be applied to disc brakes, and the brake screw may be connected to the brake head to be applied to tread brakes.

The working principle of parking brake and release of the parking brake clamp unit of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, and the details are not repeated herein.

According to the parking brake clamp unit, the parking brake clamp unit adopts the mechanical parking cylinder with light weight and small size, so that the weight and the size of the parking brake clamp are reduced, a compression spring is not adopted to provide a parking brake power source, the brake cylinder is charged with the air pressure set in parking to enable the brake cylinder to output brake force, the brake state of the brake cylinder is locked through the mechanical structure of the parking cylinder, parking brake is achieved indirectly, and the risk of failure of parking brake caused by spring breakage does not exist.

Example 4: the invention also provides a brake system comprising the parking brake clamp unit. The mechanical parking cylinder with light weight and small volume is adopted in the brake system, so that the weight and the volume of the brake system are reduced, a compression spring is not adopted to provide a parking brake power source, the brake cylinder is charged with the air pressure set in parking to enable the brake cylinder to output brake force, the brake state of the brake cylinder is locked through the mechanical structure of the parking cylinder, parking brake is indirectly realized, and the risk of failure of parking brake caused by spring breakage does not exist.

Example 5: the invention also provides a railway vehicle which comprises the braking system, the weight of the railway vehicle is reduced by adopting the mechanical parking cylinder with light weight and small volume, a compression spring is not adopted to provide a parking braking power source, the braking cylinder is charged with the air pressure set in parking to enable the braking cylinder to output braking force, the braking state of the braking cylinder is locked through the mechanical structure of the parking cylinder, parking braking is indirectly realized, and the risk of failure of parking braking caused by spring breakage does not exist.

The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are possible within the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A parking cylinder, comprising:

a parking cylinder (11);

the first force transmission mechanism is arranged in the parking cylinder body (11);

the locking mechanism is arranged in the parking cylinder body (11), the locking mechanism comprises a first locking piece (131) and a second locking piece (132) which are matched, and the first locking piece (131) is connected with the first force transmission mechanism;

the relieving device comprises a cover plate (141) connected with the parking cylinder body (11), a handle assembly, a relieving pull rod (143), a reset elastic piece (144) and a connecting piece (145); the cover plate (141) is sleeved on the relieving pull rod (143), and the handle assembly is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate (141);

the resetting elastic part (144) is sleeved on the relieving pull rod (143) and is arranged between the cover plate (141) and the connecting part (145); the connecting member (145) has one end connected to the release lever (143) and the other end connected to the second locking member (132).

2. Parking cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the first force transmission means comprise a parking lead screw (121), the parking lead screw (121) being connected at one end to the first locking member (131) and at the other end to a brake piston (22) of the brake cylinder (2).

3. Parking cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mating surface of the first locking element (131) and the second locking element (132) is provided with a first tooth-shaped portion (1311), the mating surface of the second locking element (132) and the first locking element (131) is provided with a second tooth-shaped portion (1321), and the first tooth-shaped portion (1311) and the second tooth-shaped portion (1321) are mated.

4. Parking cylinder according to claim 3, wherein the second locking element (132) is rotatably connected at one end to the parking cylinder (11) and at the other end to the mitigation means, the second toothing (1321) being provided at the end of the second locking element (132) connected to the mitigation means.

5. The parking cylinder of claim 1, wherein the release mechanism further comprises a guard (146), the guard (146) being sleeved on the release pull rod (143) and disposed between the cover plate (141) and the handle assembly.

6. The parking cylinder according to claim 1, further comprising a first sealing mechanism, wherein the sealing mechanism comprises a first sealing element (151) sleeved on the connecting element (145), a second sealing element (152) and a first wear-resistant element (153) respectively mounted on the first sealing element (151), and a third sealing element (154) and a second wear-resistant element (155) respectively arranged between the connecting element (145) and the parking cylinder (11), wherein the first sealing element (151) is in interference press-fit with the parking cylinder (11), and a fourth sealing element (156) is arranged between the first sealing element (151) and the parking cylinder (11).

7. Parking cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a gland (16) connected to the parking cylinder (11), a first thrust bearing (122) being provided between the first locking member (131) and the gland (16), and a second thrust bearing (123) being provided between the first locking member (131) and the parking cylinder (11).

8. Parking cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that an adjusting element (17) is provided between the gland (16) and the first thrust bearing (122).

9. Parking brake unit, characterized in that it comprises a parking cylinder (1) and a brake cylinder (2), the parking cylinder being a parking cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the brake cylinder (21) of the brake cylinder (2) being connected to the parking cylinder (11), the brake piston (22) of the brake cylinder (2) being connected to the first force transmission means.

10. Parking brake caliper unit, characterized by comprising a parking cylinder (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, a brake cylinder (2) and a brake caliper (3), the brake cylinder (2) having its brake cylinder body (21) connected to the parking cylinder body (11), the brake piston (22) of the brake cylinder (2) being connected to the first force transmission means, the brake cylinder (2) being connected to the brake caliper (3) by means of an articulated bolt (4).

11. A brake system comprising the parking brake caliper unit of claim 10.

12. A rail vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a braking system according to claim 11.