CN111061724A - High-speed real-time database management method and device for distribution automation system - Google Patents
High-speed real-time database management method and device for distribution automation system Download PDFInfo
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- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/25—Integrating or interfacing systems involving database management systems
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
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- G06F16/2228—Indexing structures
- G06F16/2255—Hash tables
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/23—Updating
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- G06F16/27—Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-speed real-time database management method and device for a distribution automation system. The method comprises the following steps: A. uniformly packaging a data access interface in a main database and a standby database through a function; B. pre-storing a remote signaling attribute content table, a remote signaling state table, a hash direct addressing table of a terminal and an addressing table according to a division residue of a remote signal in a real-time database, and allocating a linked list data structure for each terminal; C. and if the remote signaling number of the accessed terminal exceeds a threshold value, performing data indexing by utilizing a division and remaining remainder addressing table in combination with a linked list data structure, otherwise, directly performing data indexing by utilizing a Hash direct addressing table. The apparatus comprises a memory and a processor, which implements the method described above when executing a computer program stored in the memory. The invention can reduce the expenditure of the memory on the premise of ensuring the data retrieval performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-speed real-time database management method and device for a distribution automation system.
Background
For the distribution automation system, as the number of the accessed terminals is extremely large-according to the statistical experience of the current field operation, the number of FTUs accessed by a city system can reach tens of thousands, and the number of DTUs can reach thousands, in the future, the number of the accessed terminals is increased. The DAS system receives three remote information sent by the terminals at the same time, and the access speed of the three remote databases is of great importance in order to ensure that the performance index can meet the requirement of national network specifications.
The existing three remote information bases are accessed by using a Hash direct addressing method, and no method which is better than the method in terms of performance exists. Although the database designed by using the hash direct addressing method has an absolute advantage in performance, the speed advantage is replaced by memory overhead, and with the development of power distribution automation, more and more terminals are accessed by the system, and more information is sent to the system by the power distribution terminal.
Assuming that 50000 FTUs are accessed to a certain city system, the maximum number of remote signals accessible to the FTUs reaches 300. 8000 DTUs are accessed, the maximum remote signal accessible to the DTU is 3000, each remote signal needs 100 bytes of memory to store information, and the size of the memory needed by a remote signal database is as follows: 3900000000byte 3719M, where an optical telemetry database requires nearly 3.7G's of memory, there is a telemetry database. It can be seen that the memory consumption of the database designed by using the hash direct addressing method is too large.
There is also a problem in that the above described conditions define a maximum remote signal, a maximum telemetry number. In terms of specifications, it is not required that the remote signaling of the access terminal is smaller than 300, and for a terminal with a remote signaling larger than 300, the system does not access the remote signaling information of the terminal 300, or the system expands to adapt to the terminal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems and reduce the memory overhead on the premise of ensuring the performance, the invention provides a high-speed real-time database management method and a high-speed real-time database management device suitable for a distribution automation system.
The technical scheme of the invention relates to a high-speed real-time database management method for a distribution automation system, which comprises the following steps:
A. uniformly packaging a data access interface in a main database and a standby database through a function;
B. pre-storing a remote signaling attribute content table, a remote signaling state table, a hash direct addressing table of a terminal and an addressing table according to a division residue of a remote signal in a real-time database, and allocating a linked list data structure for each terminal;
C. and if the remote signaling number of the accessed terminal exceeds a threshold value, performing data indexing by utilizing a division and remaining remainder addressing table in combination with a linked list data structure, otherwise, directly performing data indexing by utilizing a Hash direct addressing table.
In some aspects, the step a comprises: establishing a database in a mode of mapping a shared memory by a file;
when receiving a data updating request, the data synchronization service process sends the content requested to be updated to the standby database, and the standby database receives the information and then updates the information to the primary database.
In some aspects, the step a further comprises: for the main and standby databases in the same local area network, the main and standby databases of the full data are synchronized when the TCP/IP connection is established; when the connection is normal, the data in the main database is updated and the updated content is synchronized to the standby machine, so that the standby database executes the update. And for the main database and the standby database in different networks, when the version number received by the standby database is discontinuous, the main database is informed to carry out full data synchronization through a handshake mechanism.
In some aspects, in step B: the Hash direct addressing table comprises a remote signal and corresponding data storage index information; the division remainder addressing table comprises remote signals corresponding to division remainders, and data index positions and linked list position indexes in data collision are obtained according to remote signal division remainder values.
In some aspects, the step B comprises: when the attribute data is changed, the whole database is write-locked, so that the conflict caused by writing the same data in different processes is avoided; when real-time data is changed, if the data entry is a hash direct addressing table and a division-remaining addressing table, the two tables are locked when the real-time data is written.
In some aspects, in step C: for the FTU terminal, the threshold is preferably 70; for the DTU terminal, the threshold is 2000. The divisor value is preferably 30 when configuring the divisor remainder addressing table.
The invention also relates to a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, said processor implementing the above method when executing a computer program stored in said memory.
The invention also relates to a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method described above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) on the basis of fully utilizing the advantages of the performance of the Hash direct addressing method, the expense of the memory is reduced by utilizing a remainder dividing and remaining method plus a linked list method;
2) establishing a database by using a mode of mapping a shared memory by a file to provide data sustainability;
3) providing safe database read-write capability by using a file read-write lock;
4) the consistency of data on different machines is ensured by using the modes of full data synchronization, update synchronization and version control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a general flow chart of the method according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of database synchronization in an arrangement according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the schemes and the effects of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the method according to the present invention may comprise the steps of:
A. uniformly packaging a data access interface in a main database and a standby database through a function;
B. pre-storing a remote signaling attribute content table, a remote signaling state table, a hash direct addressing table of a terminal and an addressing table according to a division residue of a remote signal in a real-time database, and allocating a linked list data structure for each terminal;
C. and if the remote signaling number of the accessed terminal exceeds a threshold value, performing data indexing by utilizing a division and remaining remainder addressing table in combination with a linked list data structure, otherwise, directly performing data indexing by utilizing a Hash direct addressing table.
For step a, it may further include: establishing a database in a mode of mapping a shared memory by a file; when receiving a data updating request, the data synchronization service process sends the content requested to be updated to the standby database, and the standby database receives the information and then updates the information to the primary database. For the main and standby databases in the same local area network, the main and standby databases of the full data are synchronized when the TCP/IP connection is established; when the connection is normal, the data in the main database is updated and the updated content is synchronized to the standby machine, so that the standby database executes the update. And for the main database and the standby database in different networks, when the version number received by the standby database is discontinuous, the main database is informed to carry out full data synchronization through a handshake mechanism.
For step B: the Hash direct addressing table comprises a remote signal and corresponding data storage index information; the division remainder addressing table comprises remote signals corresponding to division remainders, and data index positions and linked list position indexes in data collision are obtained according to remote signal division remainder values. When the attribute data is changed, the whole database is write-locked, so that the conflict caused by writing the same data in different processes is avoided; when real-time data is changed, if the data entry is a hash direct addressing table and a division-remaining addressing table, the two tables are locked when the real-time data is written.
Details of the above-described method steps are described below by way of specific examples.
In one embodiment, the high-order 8 bits of int are used as a mark for distinguishing the device types and the low-order 24 bits are used as a first-order hash index for accessing the database by a direct addressing method, and the remote signal, the telemetry number and the remote control number are used as a second-order hash index for accessing the database.
The following description takes the telecommunications library of FTUs as an example:
as can be seen from the above structure, when accessing the remote signaling database, the detailed information of the remote signaling can be directly obtained according to the device hash index of the FTU and the remote signal.
The embodiments described below are based on the above device ID structure as an example (int upper 8 bits represents different device types and lower 24 bits is the hash value of the device, defining the device ID in such a way that for a specified type a maximum of 16777216 devices can be supported for access, this order of magnitude being sufficient for all live situations now and for a long period of time in the future).
Data structure design
On the basis of fully utilizing the advantages of the performance of the Hash direct addressing method, the remainder dividing and remaining method plus the linked list method are utilized to reduce the overhead of the memory, and the following description only takes remote signaling as an example:
1) remote signaling attribute table (array storage, data size can be specified through configuration file)
Assuming that the property of each remote signaling needs to occupy 100 bytes of memory space, the space size of 100 ten thousand remote signaling measuring points is 95M.
2) Remote signalling state table
Assuming that each remote signaling state needs to occupy 16 bytes of memory space, the size of the occupied space needed by 100 ten thousand measuring points is 15M
3) Hash direct addressing table
The FTU _ YX _ MAX is the maximum remote signal range for direct addressing access, and values 70 can be applied to most FTU terminals according to field experience. The hash direct addressing table occupies about 13M according to the maximum access calculation supporting 5 ten thousand FTU terminals.
The DTU _ YX _ MAX defined by the DTU direct addressing method takes a value of 2000, the maximum accessible DTU number takes a value of 5000, and the space occupied by the direct addressing table of the DTU is about 38M.
4) Remainder of division addressing table
FTU _ MOD _ NUM is a divisor in the remainder division method, the larger the value of the divisor is, the lower the possibility of data collision is, but the larger the occupied space is, the more the value 30 (which can be modified by a configuration file) is considered comprehensively, and the size of the space occupied by the table is about 17M
DTU _ MOD _ NUM takes the value 300, and the division and remaining remainder addressing table of the DTU takes about 17M of space.
5) Linked list space structure used in addressing conflict of dividend remainder
LINK _ MAX takes 10 thousands, and the space of the linked list occupies 1.5M
Data index Structure usage Specification
The index table is designed by using a direct addressing method plus a remainder dividing method plus a linked list method, in a general situation, the remote signaling of an FTU is not larger than 70, the remote signaling of a DTU is not larger than 2000, the remote signaling in the limit can acquire indexes by using the direct addressing method, and for a few remote signaling exceeding the limit, the remainder dividing method plus the linked list method is used for ensuring that a system can access remote signaling information with any size.
The following illustrates the use of the divisor residue method + linked list method.
Assuming that the FTU terminal with index of 1 needs to access number 71 telecommand, number 101 telecommand, number 131 telecommand, the linked list structure can be illustrated by the following two tables.
When the information of 131 remote signaling is accessed, (131-70)% 30 is 1, and Sftuyxmod (1), Smod (1), nyxno! 131, obtain the value 1 of Sftuyxmod (1), Smod (1), nindex _ next, access Slink (1), nyxno |, and access it! The method includes acquiring a value 2 of Slink (1) nindex _ next, determining Slink (2) nyxno 131& & nrtuid ═ FTU1ID, and acquiring an index nindex _ inf 3, where the detailed information of the telecommand and the state of the telecommand can be acquired according to the index 3.
Security for database access
And the security of database reading and writing is ensured by using a file reading and writing lock mechanism. According to the characteristics of a power distribution system, remote signaling, remote measuring and remote control attribute data are updated when data are maintained, the updating frequency is not particularly high, the granularity of access locking aiming at the attributes can be larger, the updating frequency of a state library is very high, and locking with finer scales is needed.
When attribute data is changed, the whole database needs to be written and locked, and conflicts caused by writing of the same data by different processes are avoided. (if the design ensures that there is only one write process at the application level, the lock scale of the write lock can be refined to be in terminal bit units)
When the real-time data is changed, the data entry is a Hash direct addressing table and a division residue addressing table, so that the two tables can be locked when the real-time data is written, and the locking can be performed on the whole index array of the related terminal ID because the record is an array structure taking the terminal ID as a unit, so that the access of the real-time data of other terminal equipment is not influenced.
Data synchronization
Referring to fig. 2, for the main/standby system in the same lan, since the transmission is reliable, the main/standby synchronization of full data can be performed once when the TCP/IP connection is established, and when the connection is normal, the host updates data and synchronizes the updated content to the standby machine, so that the standby machine performs the update once.
For the synchronization between different networks, especially networks with isolated systems, a handshake mechanism is required, when the handshake interruption is recovered, full data synchronization is performed once, and the frequent update synchronization needs to increase the version number.
It should be recognized that the method steps in embodiments of the present invention may be embodied or carried out by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer readable memory. The method may use standard programming techniques. Each program may be implemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system. However, the program(s) can be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. In any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language. Furthermore, the program can be run on a programmed application specific integrated circuit for this purpose.
Further, the operations of processes described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The processes described herein (or variations and/or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) collectively executed on one or more processors, by hardware, or combinations thereof. The computer program includes a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors.
Further, the method may be implemented in any type of computing platform operatively connected to a suitable interface, including but not limited to a personal computer, mini computer, mainframe, workstation, networked or distributed computing environment, separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, and the like. Aspects of the invention may be embodied in machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into a computing platform, such as a hard disk, optically read and/or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, or the like, such that it may be read by a programmable computer, which when read by the storage medium or device, is operative to configure and operate the computer to perform the procedures described herein. Further, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, may be transmitted over a wired or wireless network. The invention described herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media when such media include instructions or programs that implement the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor. The invention also includes the computer itself when programmed according to the methods and techniques described herein.
A computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described herein to transform the input data to generate output data that is stored to non-volatile memory. The output information may also be applied to one or more output devices, such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transformed data represents physical and tangible objects, including particular visual depictions of physical and tangible objects produced on a display.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means. The invention is capable of other modifications and variations in its technical solution and/or its implementation, within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A database management method for a distribution automation system, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
A. uniformly packaging a data access interface in a main database and a standby database through a function;
B. pre-storing a remote signaling attribute content table, a remote signaling state table, a hash direct addressing table of a terminal and an addressing table according to a division residue of a remote signal in a real-time database, and allocating a linked list data structure for each terminal;
C. and if the remote signaling number of the accessed terminal exceeds a threshold value, performing data indexing by utilizing a division and remaining remainder addressing table in combination with a linked list data structure, otherwise, directly performing data indexing by utilizing a Hash direct addressing table.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step a comprises:
establishing a database in a mode of mapping a shared memory by a file;
when receiving a data updating request, the data synchronization service process sends the content requested to be updated to the standby database, and the standby database receives the information and then updates the information to the primary database.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein step a comprises:
for the main and standby databases in the same local area network, the main and standby databases of the full data are synchronized when the TCP/IP connection is established;
when the connection is normal, the data in the main database is updated and the updated content is synchronized to the standby machine, so that the standby database executes the update.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein step a comprises:
and for the main database and the standby database in different networks, when the version number received by the standby database is discontinuous, the main database is informed to carry out full data synchronization through a handshake mechanism.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step B:
the Hash direct addressing table comprises a remote signal and corresponding data storage index information;
the division remainder addressing table comprises remote signals corresponding to division remainders, and data index positions and linked list position indexes in data collision are obtained according to remote signal division remainder values.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein step B comprises:
when the attribute data is changed, the whole database is write-locked, so that the conflict caused by writing the same data in different processes is avoided;
when real-time data is changed, if the data entry is a hash direct addressing table and a division-remaining addressing table, the two tables are locked when the real-time data is written.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step C:
for the FTU terminal, the threshold value is 70; for the DTU terminal, the threshold is 2000.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step C:
when configuring the divisor remainder addressing table, the divisor value is 30.
9. A computer arrangement comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing a computer program stored in the memory.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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