CN111060987A - Method for delineating favorable area of hot spring by comprehensively using remote sensing data and hydrological data - Google Patents
Method for delineating favorable area of hot spring by comprehensively using remote sensing data and hydrological data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of remote sensing interpretation, and particularly discloses a method for delineating a hot spring favorable area by comprehensively using remote sensing data and hydrological data, which comprises the following steps of 1, carrying out remote sensing visual interpretation on lithological structure information of a research area by utilizing an ETM image; step 2, extracting the alteration information of the research area obtained in the step 1 by using ASTER data; step 3, extracting the rising spring information of the research area according to the hydrogeological data; and 4, superposing the three extracted information, and defining the favorable area of the hot spring in the place where the multiple elements coexist. The method extracts the alteration information by using ASTER remote sensing data, marks the position of the rising spring by using hydrogeological information, integrates lithology, structure, alteration and rising spring information, and can define the favorable area of the hot spring according to the information, save a large amount of material resources and financial resources, define the favorable area of the hot spring by careful remote sensing interpretation and improve the success rate of searching the hot spring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of remote sensing interpretation, and particularly relates to a method for delineating a favorable area of a hot spring by comprehensively using remote sensing data and hydrological data.
Background
The remote sensing image can quickly acquire the earth surface information, so that the remote sensing image has many applications in the aspects of geological disaster monitoring, earth surface lithology mapping, geological structure interpretation and beneficial area delineation of mineralization. Remote sensing interpretation, also known as interpretation or interpretation, refers to the basic process of obtaining information from an image. The method comprises the steps of identifying targets from remote sensing images by using interpretation signs and practical experience and knowledge, qualitatively and quantitatively extracting relevant information of distribution, structure, function and the like of the targets, and representing the information on a geographical base map. For example, the current land use situation interpretation is to identify land use types on the image and then measure various land areas on the image. Visual interpretation of remote sensed images is the process by which the interpreter identifies the desired surface feature information by direct observation or with the aid of some simple tool (e.g., magnifying glasses, etc.). The hot spring is one kind of spring water, which is naturally gushed from underground, has spring mouth temperature obviously higher than the average local annual temperature, and contains mineral spring water with trace elements beneficial to human health. The development and application of the underground hot spring resource bring higher economic benefits for the life and the society of people. The formation of hot springs at present can be generally divided into two types: the dead volcanic terrain area with volcanic activity, formed by the action of the rock slurry in the crust or generated along with volcanic eruption, will release a lot of heat energy continuously due to the heat concentration of the heat source because of the raised ground surface of the crust block and uncooled rock slurry under the ground, so as to heat the nearby porous hydrous rock stratum into high-temperature hot water and most of the water will boil into vapor, mostly sulfate spring. The second is formed by the osmotic circulation of surface water. That is, when rainwater penetrates down to the surface, the aquifer deep in the crust forms groundwater, (sandstone, conglomerate, volcanic, these good aquifers). The underground water is heated by the ground heat below to become hot water, the deep hot water mostly contains gas which is mainly carbon dioxide, when the temperature of the hot water rises, if a compact and impervious rock stratum blocks an outward path, the pressure is higher and higher, so that the hot water and steam are in a high-pressure state, and the hot water and the steam flow upwards after cracking. The pressure of the hot water gradually decreases as it approaches the surface of the earth after rising, and the gas contained therein gradually expands due to the gradual decrease in pressure to reduce the density of the hot water, and these expanding vapor are more favorable for the rising of the hot water.
The traditional method for searching for underground hot spring resources is mainly to carry out exploration through a geophysical prospecting method, but the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, so that the method can only be applied in a small area, and a single geophysical prospecting mode has obvious limitation on developing deep geothermal resources, and can not comprehensively know abnormal conditions below a stratum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems that the traditional geophysical prospecting technology is time-consuming and labor-consuming, has high cost and is difficult to develop in a large area, and directly influences the efficiency of searching the underground hot spring, and provides a method for delineating a hot spring favorable area by comprehensively using remote sensing data and hydrologic data, which utilizes ETM to carry out visual interpretation, identifies lithologic units and structures, utilizes ASTER remote sensing data to extract alteration information, utilizes hydrologic geological information to label the position of a rising spring, integrates lithologic, structure, alteration and rising spring information, and accordingly circumscribes the hot spring favorable area; the method can save a large amount of material resources and financial resources, and the careful remote sensing interpretation can define the favorable area of the hot spring, thereby improving the success rate of searching the hot spring.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for delineating a favorable area of a hot spring by comprehensively using remote sensing data and hydrologic data specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, remote sensing visual interpretation of lithological structure information of a research area is carried out by utilizing an ETM image;
step 2, extracting the alteration information of the research area obtained in the step 1 by using ASTER data;
step 3, extracting the rising spring information of the research area according to the hydrogeological data;
and 4, superposing the three extracted information, and defining the favorable area of the hot spring in the place where the multiple elements coexist.
The specific steps of the step 1 are as follows: dividing different lithology units according to different tone textures in the ETM image, and compiling a remote sensing interpretation lithology distribution diagram of the research area; and interpreting the structure of the research area according to the characteristics of the texture, the water system, the valley and the mountain range in the lithology distribution image by remote sensing to obtain the lithology structure information of the research area.
The different lithology units in the step 1 comprise magma rocks, metamorphic rocks and sedimentary rocks.
The lithology distribution diagram in the step 1 comprises a magma distribution diagram, a metamorphic rock distribution diagram and a sedimentary rock distribution diagram.
The region of interest configuration in step 1 includes a linear fracture configuration and a ring configuration along the region of interest.
The alteration information in the step 2 comprises carbonate information, hematite information and clay information.
The specific steps of the step 4 are as follows: and (3) superposing the information of the lithologic structure of the research area obtained in the step (1), the information of the alteration of the research area extracted in the step (2) and the information of the ascending spring of the research area extracted in the step (3), wherein the superposed area of the areas with intersection of fracture structures, the vicinity of annular structures, the emergence of the ascending spring and the abnormal clay alteration is a beneficial area of the hot spring.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: (1) the traditional geophysical prospecting is time-consuming and labor-consuming for searching the beneficial area of the hot spring and can be developed only in a small range, and the method provided by the invention can be used for applying remote sensing interpretation to the process of searching the underground hot spring, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, and the method can be developed in a large area. (2) The method comprehensively defines the favorable area of the hot spring by utilizing various remote sensing information and hydrogeological information, and improves the efficiency and the success rate of searching the hot spring. The method can be applied to the field of remote sensing geothermal exploration. The method comprehensively defines the favorable area of the hot spring by utilizing various remote sensing data and hydrogeological information, and aims at the area with rich geothermal resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for delineating a spa pool area using remote sensing data and hydrologic data in combination according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The explanation is made using the area near yunnan lijiang lugu lake as an example.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for delineating a favorable area of a hot spring by comprehensively using remote sensing data and hydrologic data provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: remote sensing visual interpretation of lithological structure information of research area by utilizing ETM image
Opening a true-color ETM image synthesized by four wave bands in a research area near Yunan Lijiang Lugu lake, dividing different lithology units according to different tone textures in the ETM image, and compiling a remote sensing interpretation lithology distribution diagram of the research area near Yunan Lijiang Lugu lake, which comprises a magma distribution diagram, a metamorphic rock distribution diagram and a sedimentary rock distribution diagram. And interpreting the structure of the research area of Yunan Lijiang Lugu according to the characteristics of texture, water system, valley and mountain range in the lithology distribution image by remote sensing, wherein the structure comprises a linear fracture structure and an annular structure, and the lithology structure information of the research area is obtained.
The ETM image refers to an image obtained by an Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) (enhanced thermal mapper).
Opening four-waveband true-color ETM image by utilizing ArcGIS software
The lithological structure information of the research area mainly comprises two types: one type is lithology, including exposed magma rock, sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock in the region, and also including the information of partial geologic features of unformed rocks such as alluvial deposit of the fourth system, soil and the like; the other is structural information, mainly fracture structure. Step 2: extracting alteration information of the region of interest obtained in step 1 above using ASTER data
Extracting the alteration information of ASTER data containing visible light-near infrared and short wave infrared bands in the research area of Yunan Lijiang river filtration obtained in the step 1 by using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and ENVI processing software, and extracting three types of alteration information: carbonate information, hematite information, and clay information.
ASTER is known as Advanced space heat transfer emission Radiometer (Advanced space thermal emission and Reflection Radiometer).
And step 3: extracting rising spring information of research area according to hydrogeological data
And extracting rising spring information of the research area according to a hydrogeological map of the research area near the Yunan Lijiang Lugu lake.
The rising spring information is read in the hydrogeological map by adopting a manual interpretation method, because the direction of underground water flow is often marked in the hydrogeological map, the direction of underground water is identified according to the mark, and an arrow upwards indicates a rising spring.
The ascending spring information is mainly position information, namely projection coordinates of points of the ascending springs on the ground.
And 4, step 4: and (4) superposing the three extracted information, and defining the favorable area of the hot spring in the place where the multiple elements coexist.
Superposing lithologic structure information of the research area visually interpreted by the ETM image obtained in the step 1 and alteration information extracted from the ASTER data in the step 2, and superposing rising spring information of the research area extracted from the hydrogeological map in the step 3; selecting areas near the fracture structure intersection and annular structure in the study regional structure information, clay alteration abnormal areas in the alteration information, and areas where rising springs are exposed in the rising spring information, wherein the superposition area of the areas is a hot spring beneficial area.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The prior art can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for delineating a favorable area of a hot spring by comprehensively using remote sensing data and hydrologic data is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, remote sensing visual interpretation of lithological structure information of a research area is carried out by utilizing an ETM image;
step 2, extracting the alteration information of the research area obtained in the step 1 by using ASTER data;
step 3, extracting the rising spring information of the research area according to the hydrogeological data;
and 4, superposing the three extracted information, and defining the favorable area of the hot spring in the place where the multiple elements coexist.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the remote sensing data and the hydrologic data are combined to define the spa pool area, and the method comprises the following steps: the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows: dividing different lithology units according to different tone textures in the ETM image, and compiling a remote sensing interpretation lithology distribution diagram of the research area; and interpreting the structure of the research area according to the characteristics of the texture, the water system, the valley and the mountain range in the lithology distribution image by remote sensing to obtain the lithology structure information of the research area.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the remote sensing data and the hydrologic data are combined to define the spa pool area, and the method further comprises the steps of: the different lithology units in the step 1 comprise magma rocks, metamorphic rocks and sedimentary rocks.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the remote sensing data and the hydrologic data are combined to define the spa pool area, and the method further comprises the steps of: the lithology distribution diagram in the step 1 comprises a magma distribution diagram, a metamorphic rock distribution diagram and a sedimentary rock distribution diagram.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the remote sensing data and the hydrologic data are combined to define the spa pool area, and the method further comprises the steps of: the region of interest configuration in step 1 includes a linear fracture configuration and a ring configuration along the region of interest.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the remote sensing data and the hydrologic data are combined to define the spa pool area, and the method further comprises the steps of: the alteration information in the step 2 comprises carbonate information, hematite information and clay information.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the remote sensing data and the hydrologic data are combined to define the spa pool area, and the method further comprises the steps of: the specific steps of the step 4 are as follows: and (3) superposing the information of the lithologic structure of the research area obtained in the step (1), the information of the alteration of the research area extracted in the step (2) and the information of the ascending spring of the research area extracted in the step (3), wherein the superposed area of the areas with intersection of fracture structures, the vicinity of annular structures, the emergence of the ascending spring and the abnormal clay alteration is a beneficial area of the hot spring.
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| CN112180462A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-05 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method and system for identifying high-temperature hydrothermal geothermal field in volcanic region |
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