CN111060322A - Method and device for improving measurement precision of rotational inertia of shafting of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method and device for improving measurement precision of rotational inertia of shafting of internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111060322A
CN111060322A CN201911408546.XA CN201911408546A CN111060322A CN 111060322 A CN111060322 A CN 111060322A CN 201911408546 A CN201911408546 A CN 201911408546A CN 111060322 A CN111060322 A CN 111060322A
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combustion engine
internal combustion
shafting
rotational inertia
supercharging device
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CN111060322B (en
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王任信
班智博
肖刚
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Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/08—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring pressure in cylinders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/042—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12
    • G01M15/044—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12 by monitoring power, e.g. by operating the engine with one of the ignitions interrupted; by using acceleration tests

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine, belongs to the technical field of measurement of the rotational inertia of the shafting, and mainly solves the technical problem that the existing detection mode is poor in precision, and the method comprises the following steps: an external independent supercharging device is arranged at an inlet of an air inlet pipe of the internal combustion engine; an engine oil heating device is externally connected to control the engine oil temperature of the internal combustion engine within a set range; calibrating a power curve of the external independent supercharging device; controlling the external independent supercharging device to work according to the power curve so that the intake pressure of the internal combustion engine can counteract pumping loss; and obtaining a rotating speed change curve of the internal combustion engine in the acceleration process, and calculating according to the rotating speed change curve to obtain the shafting rotational inertia. The invention also discloses a device for improving the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine. The invention can effectively improve the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine.

Description

Method and device for improving measurement precision of rotational inertia of shafting of internal combustion engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shafting rotational inertia measurement, in particular to a method and a device for improving the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine.
Background
The rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine generally refers to the rotational inertia of all relevant parts (such as a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a piston, a camshaft and other mechanical moving parts) which are integrated on the rotation dynamics of the crankshaft in the rotation process of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. In the design and development of the internal combustion engine, the rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine is a very important dynamic index and is generally used for evaluating the acceleration performance of the internal combustion engine. The rotational inertia is generally considered to be low, and the acceleration performance of the internal combustion engine is good. At present, the measurement of the rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine is generally carried out based on a traditional method for measuring the rotational inertia of a mechanical shafting, and the basic test principle is as follows:
assuming that the resistance torque of the shafting is constant, when the rotating speed is constant, the externally applied torque is the friction torque of the shafting. By adding one dT torque increment, the shafting will perform an acceleration rotation, i.e. (dT ═ J × d ω).
As the researchers found, given the incremental torque dT, the speed will stabilize to a new speed after t, i.e. the friction torque increases with increasing speed. Therefore, when the moment of inertia J is actually calculated, an integral manner is adopted
Figure BDA0002349346640000011
The solution of the moment of inertia is carried out, and the assumption of this method is that the resistance curve of the internal combustion engine is linear. However, if the resistance of the internal combustion engine is in a non-linear relationship with the rotation speed, the same torque increase is applied at different initial rotation speeds, which will bring different rotation speed increases, i.e. different calculation results of the rotational inertia.
The theoretical basis of the existing measurement method is that the resistance torque is generally considered to be a constant value or the resistance torque and the rotating speed are in a linear relation and are not influenced by other factors, and the basic device of the existing measurement method is shown in figure 1. In fig. 1, a rotating shaft of a speed regulating motor a is directly connected with a crankshaft output end B of an internal combustion engine, and a shaft system of the internal combustion engine is dragged backwards through the speed regulating motor a, so that the rotational inertia of the internal combustion engine is calculated.
Fig. 2 is a torque curve of rotational resistance at each rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, where the Friction torque of the internal combustion engine is composed of pumping loss + shafting Friction torque, and for a common mechanical rotating mechanism, the resistance generally increases linearly with the rotational speed (vibration ═ μ ω, μ is a Friction coefficient, and ω is a rotational speed), where the nonlinearity is mainly caused by the non-linearity of the pumping loss with the change of the rotational speed. Therefore, the engine rotation resistance is not practically compliant with the precondition of linear variation with the rotation speed.
When the internal combustion engine is accelerated to rotate, the air intake quantity is necessarily increased, but the inherent inertia of the gas makes the air flow accelerated, which needs a process, and the gas lag effect of the internal combustion engine is often called. Usually, by removing the turbocharger, the influence of the hysteresis effect on the rotation resistance can be reduced, but the hysteresis effect of the gas cannot be completely eliminated due to the existence of the valve and the gas passage, and the hysteresis effect of the gas is ignored in the existing scheme. In addition, the viscosity of the engine oil can be influenced by the temperature of the engine oil, so that the friction torque of a shafting is directly influenced, and the influence of the temperature of the engine oil on the friction resistance is ignored in the conventional scheme. Therefore, the existing detection scheme has the problem of poor precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and aims to provide a method for effectively improving the measurement accuracy of the rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine.
The invention also aims to provide a device capable of effectively improving the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine.
In order to achieve the first purpose, the invention provides a method for improving the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine, wherein an external independent supercharging device is arranged at an inlet of an air inlet pipe of the internal combustion engine; an engine oil heating device is externally connected to control the engine oil temperature of the internal combustion engine within a set range; calibrating a power curve of the external independent supercharging device; controlling the external independent supercharging device to work according to the power curve so that the intake pressure of the internal combustion engine can counteract pumping loss; and obtaining a rotating speed change curve of the internal combustion engine in the acceleration process, and calculating according to the rotating speed change curve to obtain the shafting rotational inertia.
As a further improvement, calibrating the power curve comprises the steps of:
s1, using a speed regulating motor to drag the internal combustion engine reversely at different rotating speedsOperating, obtaining pumping loss under each rotating speed, and fitting according to each pumping loss to obtain a pumping loss curve Ppump，
Ppump＝A*ω2+B*ω+C；
S2, pumping loss curve PpumpAs said power curve Pin，
Pin＝A*ω2+B*ω+C；
S3, controlling the temperature of the engine oil of the internal combustion engine within a set range;
s4, using the speed regulating motor to drag the internal combustion engine to run at a stable rotating speed and according to the power curve PinControlling the external independent supercharging device to work and output an initial pressure to enable pumping loss to be zero;
s5, increasing the torque of the speed regulating motor and according to the power curve PinControlling the external independent supercharging device to work, and acquiring pumping loss of each working cycle in the acceleration process of the internal combustion engine;
s6, repeatedly fine-tuning the power curve Pin＝A*ω2Parameter A, B, C of + B ω + C until the pumping loss during the entire acceleration of the internal combustion engine is less than a threshold value.
Further, the stable rotation speed is 1000rpm to 1300 rpm.
Further, the set range is 90-110 ℃.
Further, the threshold value is 0.5-1.
Further, according to the power curve PinAnd the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine carries out rapid PID control on the external independent supercharging device.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the invention provides a device for improving the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine, which comprises a test bench, a speed regulating motor, a computer, a pressure sensor, an external independent supercharging device and an engine oil heating device, wherein the internal combustion engine is arranged on the test bench, the speed regulating motor is connected with a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the pressure sensor is arranged on a cylinder body of the internal combustion engine, the external independent supercharging device is connected with an air inlet pipe of the internal combustion engine, the engine oil heating device is connected with an engine oil return pipe and an engine oil outlet pipe of the internal combustion engine, and the computer is respectively and electrically connected with the test bench, the speed regulating motor, the pressure sensor, the external;
the computer calibrates a power curve of the external independent supercharging device according to the method, controls the external independent supercharging device to work according to the power curve so that the air inlet pressure of the internal combustion engine counteracts pumping loss, controls the engine oil temperature of the internal combustion engine within a set range through the engine oil heating device, controls the speed regulating motor to drag the internal combustion engine to run and measures the shafting rotational inertia of the internal combustion engine.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, the external independent supercharging device is arranged at the inlet of the air inlet pipe of the internal combustion engine, and the external independent supercharging device is controlled to work according to the power curve, so that the air inlet pressure of the internal combustion engine counteracts the pumping loss, the air flow hysteresis effect caused by gas inertia in the acceleration process of the internal combustion engine is greatly reduced, the influence of the non-linearity of the pumping loss on the measurement can be eliminated, and the frictional resistance in the rotation process is more in line with the characteristics of the traditional mechanical shafting; meanwhile, an external engine oil heating device is used for controlling the engine oil temperature of the internal combustion engine within a set range, so that the viscosity of the engine oil is constant, the influence of the engine oil temperature change on the friction torque can be eliminated, and the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of a shafting of the internal combustion engine is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a basic apparatus for measurement in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a graph of rotational resistance torque at various speeds of the internal combustion engine;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein: the engine oil heating system comprises a speed regulating motor 1, a computer 2, a pressure sensor 3, an external independent supercharging device 4, an engine oil heating device 5, an internal combustion engine 6, an air inlet pipe 7, an engine oil return pipe 8 and an engine oil outlet pipe 9.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings.
Referring to fig. 3, a method for improving the measurement accuracy of the rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine, an external independent supercharging device 4 is arranged at the inlet of an air inlet pipe 7 of the internal combustion engine 6 and used for controlling the air inlet pressure of the internal combustion engine 6; an engine oil heating device 5 is externally connected to control the engine oil temperature of the internal combustion engine 6 within a set range; calibrating a power curve of the external independent supercharging device 4; controlling the external independent supercharging device 4 to work according to a power curve so that the intake pressure of the internal combustion engine 6 counteracts pumping loss; the rotating speed change curve of the internal combustion engine 6 in the accelerating process is obtained, the shafting rotational inertia is obtained by calculation according to the rotating speed change curve, and according to the traditional rotational inertia calculation method,
Figure BDA0002349346640000051
Figure BDA0002349346640000052
and solving the shafting rotational inertia of the internal combustion engine.
The calibration of the power curve comprises the following steps:
s1, operating the inverted internal combustion engine 6 with the speed regulating motor 1 at different rotating speeds, measuring cylinder pressure curves under different rotating speed inverted working conditions, obtaining pumping loss at each rotating speed by integrating the cylinder pressure curves, and obtaining a pumping loss curve P according to each pumping loss fittingpump，
Ppump＝A*ω2+B*ω+C；
S2, pumping loss curve PpumpAs a power curve PinI.e. by the pumping loss curve PpumpAs a reference for the input power of the external separate supercharging device 4,
Pin＝A*ω2+B*ω+C；
s3, controlling the temperature of the engine oil of the internal combustion engine 6 within a set range, wherein in the embodiment, the set range is 90-110 ℃, the lubricating property of the engine oil is good, the viscosity is low, and the influence of the temperature change of the engine oil on the friction torque can be eliminated;
s4, using the speed regulating motor 1 to drag the internal combustion engine 6 to run at a stable rotating speed according to workRate curve PinControlling the external independent supercharging device 4 to work and output an initial pressure to enable pumping loss to be zero; in the embodiment, the stable rotation speed is 1000rpm to 1300 rpm;
s5, increasing the torque of the speed regulating motor 1 and according to the power curve PinControlling the external independent supercharging device 4 to work, and acquiring pumping loss of each working cycle in the acceleration process of the internal combustion engine 6;
s6, repeatedly fine-tuning the power curve Pin＝A*ω2The parameter A, B, C + B ω + C is determined until the pumping loss during the entire acceleration of the internal combustion engine 6 is smaller than a threshold value, which is 0.5 to 1 in this embodiment, i.e., the pumping loss during the entire acceleration of the internal combustion engine 6 is as close to 0 as possible.
According to the power curve PinThe rotating speed of the internal combustion engine 6 carries out rapid PID control on the external independent supercharging device 4, so that the input power of the external independent supercharging device 4 can rapidly reach a power curve PinAnd the corresponding power improves the efficiency. For internal combustion engines with exhaust gas turbochargers, the turbocharger needs to be removed.
A device for improving the measurement accuracy of the rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine comprises a test bench, a speed regulating motor 1, a computer 2, a pressure sensor 3, an external independent supercharging device 4 and an engine oil heating device 5, wherein the internal combustion engine 6 is installed on the test bench, the speed regulating motor 1 is connected with a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 6, the pressure sensor 3 is installed on a cylinder body of the internal combustion engine 6, the external independent supercharging device 4 is connected with an air inlet pipe 7 of the internal combustion engine 6, the engine oil heating device 5 is connected with an engine oil return pipe 8 and an engine oil outlet pipe 9 of the internal combustion engine 6, and the computer 2 is respectively and electrically connected with the test bench, the speed regulating motor 1, the pressure;
the computer 2 calibrates the power curve of the external independent supercharging device 4 according to the method, controls the external independent supercharging device 4 to work according to the power curve so that the intake pressure of the internal combustion engine 6 counteracts pumping loss, controls the engine oil temperature of the internal combustion engine 6 within a set range through the engine oil heating device 5, controls the speed regulating motor 1 to drag the internal combustion engine 6 to run and measures the shafting rotational inertia of the internal combustion engine 6.
According to the invention, the external independent supercharging device is arranged at the inlet of the air inlet pipe of the internal combustion engine, and the external independent supercharging device is controlled to work according to the power curve, so that the air inlet pressure of the internal combustion engine counteracts the pumping loss, the air flow hysteresis effect caused by gas inertia in the acceleration process of the internal combustion engine is greatly reduced, the influence of the non-linearity of the pumping loss on the measurement can be eliminated, and the frictional resistance in the rotation process is more in line with the characteristics of the traditional mechanical shafting; meanwhile, an external engine oil heating device is used for controlling the engine oil temperature of the internal combustion engine within a set range, so that the viscosity of the engine oil is constant, the influence of the engine oil temperature change on the friction torque can be eliminated, and the measurement precision of the rotational inertia of a shafting of the internal combustion engine is effectively improved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.

Claims (7)

1. A method for improving the measurement accuracy of the rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine is characterized in that an external independent supercharging device (4) is arranged at the inlet of an air inlet pipe (7) of the internal combustion engine (6); an engine oil heating device (5) is externally connected to control the engine oil temperature of the internal combustion engine (6) within a set range; calibrating a power curve of the external independent supercharging device (4); controlling the external independent supercharging device (4) to work according to the power curve so that the intake pressure of the internal combustion engine (6) can counteract pumping loss; and obtaining a rotating speed change curve of the internal combustion engine (6) in the acceleration process, and calculating according to the rotating speed change curve to obtain the shafting rotational inertia.
2. The method for improving measurement accuracy of rotational inertia of a shafting of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein calibrating the power curve comprises the steps of:
s1, using a speed regulating motor (1) to drag the internal combustion engine (6) to run at different rotating speeds, obtaining pumping loss at each rotating speed, and fitting according to each pumping loss to obtain a pumping loss curve Ppump，
Ppump＝A*ω2+B*ω+C；
S2, pumping loss curve PpumpAs said power curve Pin，
Pin＝A*ω2+B*ω+C；
S3, controlling the temperature of the engine oil of the internal combustion engine (6) within a set range;
s4, using the speed regulating motor (1) to drag the internal combustion engine (6) to run at a stable rotating speed and according to the power curve PinControlling the external independent supercharging device (4) to work and output an initial pressure to enable pumping loss to be zero;
s5, increasing the torque of the speed regulating motor (1) and according to the power curve PinControlling the external independent supercharging device (4) to work, and acquiring pumping loss of each working cycle in the acceleration process of the internal combustion engine (6);
s6, repeatedly fine-tuning the power curve Pin＝A*ω2Parameter A, B, C of + B ω + C until the pumping loss during the entire acceleration of the internal combustion engine (6) is less than a threshold value.
3. The method for improving the measurement accuracy of the rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2, wherein the stable rotation speed is 1000rpm to 1300 rpm.
4. The method for improving the measurement accuracy of the rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2, wherein the set range is 90-110 ℃.
5. The method for improving the measurement accuracy of the rotational inertia of the shafting of the internal combustion engine as recited in claim 2, wherein the threshold value is 0.5-1.
6. Method for improving measurement accuracy of rotational inertia of shafting of internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the power curve P is obtained according toinAnd the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine (6) is used for carrying out rapid PID control on the external independent supercharging device (4).
7. The utility model provides an improve device of internal-combustion engine shafting inertia measurement accuracy, includes test bench, buncher (1), computer (2), its characterized in that still includes pressure sensor (3), outside independent supercharging device (4), machine oil heating device (5), and install in the test bench internal-combustion engine (6), buncher (1) is connected the bent axle of internal-combustion engine (6), pressure sensor (3) install in the cylinder block of internal-combustion engine (6), outside independent supercharging device (4) are connected intake pipe (7) of internal-combustion engine (6), machine oil heating device (5) are connected the machine oil of internal-combustion engine (6) returns oil pipe (8), machine oil outlet pipe (9), computer (2) electric connection respectively test bench, buncher (1), pressure sensor (3), outside independent supercharging device (4), An engine oil heating device (5);
the computer (2) calibrates a power curve of the external independent supercharging device (4) according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 6, controls the external independent supercharging device (4) to work according to the power curve so that the intake pressure of the internal combustion engine (6) can counteract pumping loss, controls the oil temperature of the internal combustion engine (6) within a set range through the oil heating device (5), controls the speed regulating motor (1) to drag the internal combustion engine (6) to run and measures the shafting rotational inertia of the internal combustion engine (6).
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