CN111060210A - A kind of double temperature alarm and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of double temperature alarm and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111060210A CN111060210A CN201911322305.3A CN201911322305A CN111060210A CN 111060210 A CN111060210 A CN 111060210A CN 201911322305 A CN201911322305 A CN 201911322305A CN 111060210 A CN111060210 A CN 111060210A
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- G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
- G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
- G01K5/483—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid using materials with a configuration memory, e.g. Ni-Ti alloys
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种双温度报警器，包括传感元件、电源、高温反馈单元和低温反馈单元，所述传感元件包括第一触点、第二触点和Ni51Ti49合金触片，所述电源的一极与所述Ni51Ti49合金触片的固定端电性连接，所述电源的另一极并联所述高温反馈单元和所述低温反馈单元，所述Ni51Ti49合金触片的活动端位于第一触点、第二触点之间，所述高温反馈单元与传感元件的第一触点电性连接，所述低温反馈单元与传感元件的第二触点电性连接。利用所述Ni51Ti49合金触片在升温和降温时无需外力介入即可随温度变形的能力免去了偏置弹簧带来的额外能耗和空间浪费；另一方面利用所述Ni51Ti49合金触片具有的全程形状记忆效应实现了双温度传感功能，避免了双NiTi合金组合带来的结构设计难题。
The invention discloses a dual temperature alarm, comprising a sensing element, a power supply, a high temperature feedback unit and a low temperature feedback unit, the sensing element includes a first contact, a second contact and a Ni 51 Ti 49 alloy contact piece, One pole of the power supply is electrically connected to the fixed end of the Ni 51 Ti 49 alloy contact piece, the other pole of the power supply is connected in parallel with the high temperature feedback unit and the low temperature feedback unit, the Ni 51 Ti 49 alloy The movable end of the contact piece is located between the first contact and the second contact, the high temperature feedback unit is electrically connected to the first contact of the sensing element, and the low temperature feedback unit is electrically connected to the second contact of the sensing element Electrical connection. Utilizing the ability of the Ni 51 Ti 49 alloy contacts to deform with temperature without external force intervention during heating and cooling, the extra energy consumption and space waste brought by the bias spring are avoided; on the other hand, the Ni 51 Ti is utilized The full shape memory effect of the 49 alloy contact piece realizes the dual temperature sensing function and avoids the structural design problem caused by the combination of dual NiTi alloys.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical elements, in particular to a double-temperature alarm and a method for preparing the alarm.
Background
NiTi alloy is often made into intelligent elements such as drivers and sensors due to the capability of restoring shape when reheated after low-temperature deformation (namely, one-way shape memory effect), and becomes one of the most valuable intelligent metal materials. However, the conventional driving unit based on the one-way shape memory effect must be supplemented with a biasing spring or a driving motor to realize the repeatable cycle driving function, which causes additional energy consumption and space waste, so that the development trend of increasingly lightweight, miniaturization and integration of intelligent structures is difficult to meet in the present era of material-electronics integration.
In recent years, with the rapid development of emerging fields such as interventional medicine, bionic machinery, intelligent robots and the like, the NiTi alloy with the two-way shape memory effect is gradually used for replacing the traditional driving unit, and the volume and the weight of an intelligent structure are greatly reduced due to the characteristic that the NiTi alloy can be deformed back and forth between a high-temperature shape and a low-temperature shape along with the temperature without external force intervention.
The one-way shape memory effect of NiTi alloys is an inherent property of the alloy, whereas the two-way shape memory effect requires "training" by a specific force or heat-force to achieve. Among these, the two-way shape memory effect achieved by heat-force "training" has the best cyclic stability. In particular, NiTi alloys can achieve a special two-way shape memory effect, i.e., a full-way shape memory effect, after being subjected to a thermal-force "training" treatment of constrained aging under bending conditions, wherein the bending directions of the NiTi alloys with the effect in an austenitic state are opposite to those in a martensitic state.
The NiTi alloy with the common two-way shape memory effect can realize the sensing function of single temperature without the assistance of a bias spring, but two NiTi alloy elements are required to be combined if the dual-temperature sensing function is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems and provides Ni based on whole-course shape memory51Ti49A dual temperature alarm for an alloy, which solves one or more of the problems of the prior art, provides at least one useful choice or creation.
The NiTi alloy with the whole-course shape memory effect can simultaneously have the capacity of sensing high temperature and low temperature due to the reverse high-low temperature deformation direction, can realize the double-temperature sensing function by self, greatly simplifies the structure of a sensing element and reduces the volume of the sensing element.
The invention thus provides the following technical solutions:
a double-temperature alarm comprises a sensing element, a power supply, a high-temperature feedback unit and a low-temperature feedback unit, wherein the sensing element comprises a first contact, a second contact and Ni51Ti49Alloy contact, one pole of the power supply and the Ni51Ti49The fixed ends of the alloy contact pieces are electrically connected, the other pole of the power supply is connected with the high-temperature feedback unit and the low-temperature feedback unit in parallel, and Ni51Ti49The movable end of the alloy contact piece is positioned between the first contact and the second contact, the high-temperature feedback unit is electrically connected with the first contact of the sensing element, the low-temperature feedback unit is electrically connected with the second contact of the sensing element, and the Ni is51Ti49The alloy contact piece is made by vacuum suction casting and solution treatment, and then constraint aging is carried out for 10 hours at 450 ℃.
Further, the Ni51Ti49The movable end of the alloy contact piece bends towards the first contact point when the temperature of the movable end is above 35.4 ℃, the bending amplitude is increased along with the temperature rise of the movable end, and the maximum value of the bending amplitude is 42.2 ℃ of the temperature of the movable end.
Further, the Ni51Ti49The movable end of the alloy contact piece bends towards the second contact point when the temperature of the movable end is lower than minus 3.7 ℃, the bending amplitude is increased along with the reduction of the temperature of the movable end, and the maximum value of the bending amplitude appears at the temperature of minus 12.0 ℃.
Preferably, the Ni51Ti49The alloy contact piece has the nickel-titanium atomic ratio of 51: 49. Specifically, the Ni51Ti49The raw material of the alloy contact piece is purity>99.98% electrolytic nickel and purity>99.7% titanium sponge.
On the other hand, Ni used for the double-temperature alarm51Ti49The alloy contact piece is also provided in the invention, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) putting the electrolytic nickel and the sponge titanium into a vacuum arc melting furnace according to a certain proportion for melting, and sucking the alloy in a molten state into a water-cooling copper mould by using a vacuum suction casting method to prepare strip-shaped alloy in a required shape;
2) sealing the strip-shaped alloy in a vacuum quartz tube, carrying out solution treatment for 3h at 850 ℃ and carrying out water quenching;
3) the strip alloy in solid solution is placed in a semicircular steel restraint die with the diameter of 24mm, and is placed in a resistance furnace for aging for 10 hours at the temperature of 450 ℃ and water quenching is carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
compared with the existing temperature sensing element based on the NiTi shape memory alloy, the invention has the beneficial effects that: on the one hand by means of said Ni51Ti49The alloy contact piece can deform along with the temperature without external force during temperature rise and temperature reduction, so that extra energy consumption and space waste caused by a bias spring are avoided; on the other hand, using the Ni51Ti49The alloy contact piece has the whole-course shape memory effect to realize the double-temperature sensing function, and the structural design problem caused by the combination of double NiTi alloys is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below by way of specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a dual temperature alarm. The double-temperature alarm is provided with a sensing element, wherein the core element of the sensing element is Ni51Ti49Alloy contact piece, original state Ni51Ti49The fixed end of the alloy contact piece 1 is electrically connected with the power supply, and the movable end is positioned between the first contact and the second contact. A button cell 2 as a power supply, a high-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 3 as a high-temperature feedback unit and a low-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 4 as a low-temperature feedback unit.
The core element in the sensing element is Ni with the global shape memory effect51Ti49An alloy contact piece is prepared by first electrolyzing nickel with high purity (purity) at an atomic ratio of Ni-49 at.% Ti>99.98%) and titanium sponge (purity)>99.7%) in a non-consumable vacuum arc melting furnace, and then sucking the melted alloy into a water-cooled copper mold by using a vacuum suction casting method to obtain strip-shaped alloy with the size of 25 multiplied by 8 multiplied by 0.5 (length multiplied by width multiplied by height, mm); then sealing the strip-shaped alloy in a vacuum quartz tube, carrying out solution treatment for 3h at 850 ℃ and carrying out water quenching; finally dissolving the treated Ni51Ti49The alloy strip is placed in a semicircular steel restraint die with the diameter of 24mm, and is placed in a resistance furnace for aging for 10 hours at the temperature of 450 ℃ and water quenching is carried out, so that the shape memory effect of the whole process is obtained.
Prepared Ni with whole-course shape memory51Ti49The alloy contact piece is in an R-phase state at room temperature, and undergoes austenite phase transformation (R → A) and phase transformation starting temperature (A) when the temperature is increaseds) And an end temperature (A)f) 35.4 ℃ and 42.2 ℃ respectively; the martensite transformation (R → M) occurs when the temperature is lowered, and the transformation initiation temperature (M)s) And finishing temperature (M)f) Respectively at-3.7 ℃ and-12.0 ℃.
Ni in sensor elements51Ti49One end of the alloy contact piece is positioned at the position of the positive electrode tangent to the side surface of the button cell 2, and the other end of the alloy contact piece can deform freely along with the temperature change. Ni in pristine state at room temperature51Ti49The distance (L1) between the movable end of the alloy contact piece 1 and the vertical line is 1.4 mm. When the temperature is increased from room temperature to 42.2 ℃, Ni51Ti49The alloy contact piece is bent and deformed to one side under the high-temperature environment to form high-temperature Ni touching the first contact51Ti49Alloy contact form 5, high temperature Ni51Ti49The distance (L2) from the vertical line of the movable end of the alloy contact piece shape 5 is 6.9 mm. When the temperature is reduced from room temperature to-12.0 ℃, Ni51Ti49The alloy contact piece is bent and deformed to the other side under the low-temperature environment to form low-temperature Ni touching the second contact51Ti49Alloy contact form 6, low temperature Ni51Ti49The distance (L3) from the vertical line of the movable end of the alloy contact sheet shape 6 is 4.3 mm.
Cathodes of a high-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 3 and a low-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 4 in the sensing element are both connected with a cathode of the button cell, an anode of the high-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 3 is electrically connected with the first contact, and an anode of the low-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 4 is electrically connected with the second contact.
Ni in the pristine state at room temperature51Ti49The alloy contact piece 1 is not deformed and is not connected with the two light-emitting diodes; when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 42.2 ℃, Ni51Ti49Alloy contact at high temperature Ni51Ti49The alloy contact piece is in a shape 5, the movable end of the alloy contact piece is connected with the anode of the high-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 3, and the high-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 3 is bright; when the temperature is reduced from room temperature to-12.0 ℃, Ni51Ti49Alloy contact piece at low temperature Ni51Ti49The alloy contact piece is in a shape 6, the movable end of the alloy contact piece is connected with the anode of the low-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 4, and the low-temperature alarm light-emitting diode 4 is on.
The double-temperature sensing function with adjustable alarm temperature can be realized by adjusting the positions of the first contact and the second contact. Ni of global shape memory according to the invention51Ti49The preparation method of the alloy contact piece can realize the double-temperature sensing function of alarming high temperature between 35.4 ℃ and 42.2 ℃ and alarming low temperature between-3.7 ℃ and-12.0 ℃.
In conclusion, the Ni based on the whole-course shape memory prepared by the method of the invention51Ti49The dual-temperature alarm of the alloy contact piece can obviously reduce the design difficulty and the structural volume.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, which fall within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The double-temperature alarm is characterized by comprising a sensing element, a power supply, a high-temperature feedback unit and a low-temperature feedback unit, wherein the sensing element comprises a first contactA second contact and Ni51Ti49Alloy contact, one pole of the power supply and the Ni51Ti49The fixed ends of the alloy contact pieces are electrically connected, the other pole of the power supply is connected with the high-temperature feedback unit and the low-temperature feedback unit in parallel, and Ni51Ti49The movable end of the alloy contact piece is positioned between the first contact and the second contact, the high-temperature feedback unit is electrically connected with the first contact of the sensing element, the low-temperature feedback unit is electrically connected with the second contact of the sensing element, and the Ni is51Ti49The alloy contact piece is made by vacuum suction casting and solution treatment, and then constraint aging is carried out for 10 hours at 450 ℃.
2. A dual temperature alarm according to claim 1, wherein the Ni is51Ti49The movable end of the alloy contact piece bends towards the first contact point when the temperature of the movable end is above 35.4 ℃, the bending amplitude is increased along with the temperature rise of the movable end, and the maximum value of the bending amplitude is 42.2 ℃ of the temperature of the movable end.
3. A dual temperature alarm according to claim 1, wherein the Ni is51Ti49The movable end of the alloy contact piece bends towards the second contact point when the temperature of the movable end is lower than minus 3.7 ℃, the bending amplitude is increased along with the reduction of the temperature of the movable end, and the maximum value of the bending amplitude appears at the temperature of minus 12.0 ℃.
4. A dual temperature alarm according to claim 1, wherein the Ni is51Ti49The alloy contact piece has the nickel-titanium atomic ratio of 51: 49.
5. A dual temperature alarm according to claim 4, wherein the Ni51Ti49The raw material of the alloy contact piece is purity>99.98% electrolytic nickel and purity>99.7% titanium sponge.
6. Ni51Ti49The preparation method of the alloy contact piece is characterized by comprising the following stepsThe method comprises the following steps:
1) putting the electrolytic nickel and the sponge titanium into a vacuum arc melting furnace according to a certain proportion for melting, and sucking the alloy in a molten state into a water-cooling copper mould by using a vacuum suction casting method to prepare strip-shaped alloy in a required shape;
2) sealing the strip-shaped alloy in a vacuum quartz tube, carrying out solution treatment for 3h at 850 ℃ and carrying out water quenching;
3) the strip alloy in solid solution is placed in a semicircular steel restraint die with the diameter of 24mm, and is placed in a resistance furnace for aging for 10 hours at the temperature of 450 ℃ and water quenching is carried out.
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| JPS61260134A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1986-11-18 | Canon Inc | Temperature display device |
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2019
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Patent Citations (7)
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| JPS61260134A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1986-11-18 | Canon Inc | Temperature display device |
| CN85104151A (en) * | 1985-06-04 | 1986-12-03 | 天津市冶金局材料研究所 | Aerospace vehicle temperature control window shutter bi-directional drive element manufacture method |
| CN1187619A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1998-07-15 | 黄进亮 | Method for indicating body not being covered up well and its special device |
| CN2375957Y (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2000-04-26 | 高钰超 | Screw type temperature probe of bimetalliic strip |
| CN1538152A (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2004-10-20 | 清华大学 | Suspended potentiometric type high-voltage power equipment temperature abnormal online sensor |
| CN201166897Y (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2008-12-17 | 张陈 | Composite analogy amount temperature-sensitive detector with dual metal temperature switches |
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