CN111058120B - Method for preparing intelligent fiber through water-phase interface reaction spinning - Google Patents

Method for preparing intelligent fiber through water-phase interface reaction spinning Download PDF

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CN111058120B
CN111058120B CN201911347195.6A CN201911347195A CN111058120B CN 111058120 B CN111058120 B CN 111058120B CN 201911347195 A CN201911347195 A CN 201911347195A CN 111058120 B CN111058120 B CN 111058120B
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water
fibers
toluene
preparing
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CN111058120A (en
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郭静
甘紫文
祁冉冉
管福成
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/70Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyurethanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08Processes
    • C08G18/10Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48Polyethers
    • C08G18/4833Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6666Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of functional fibers, in particular to a method for preparing intelligent fibers by water-phase interfacial reaction spinning. The invention provides a method for preparing an intelligent fiber material with temperature response, shape memory and temperature regulation functions by using an aqueous solution to replace a traditional chain extender diamine or diol as a chain extender and adopting a reaction spinning method. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of simple operation, energy conservation, environmental friendliness and the like.

Description

Method for preparing intelligent fiber through water-phase interface reaction spinning
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional fibers, in particular to a method for preparing intelligent fibers by water-phase interfacial reaction spinning.
Background
The polyurethane fiber has excellent characteristics of excellent rebound resilience and the like, is the reputation of textile monosodium glutamate-like fiber, and can improve the performance of the fabric and the grade of the fabric by only adding a little spandex (the mass fraction is 2-25%). With the development of chemical engineering, chemical fiber and textile technology, the application field of the fiber is continuously widened, and the fiber is one of typical shape memory fibers. Usually, the fiber is prepared by wet spinning or dry spinning, but the preparation process needs a large amount of solvent, and the energy consumption for material conveying is large; the reactive spinning is to prepare polyurethane prepolymer, then add solvent to prepare solution, then carry out chain extension and solidification in a coagulating bath through a spinning nozzle, wherein the coagulating bath is composed of diamine or diol and solvent, and the diamine or diol and silk liquid undergo chemical reaction to accelerate the solidification speed, so as to form the polyurethane elastic fiber with a three-dimensional structure. The diamine or the diol has strong volatility and is easy to cause environmental pollution, so that the application of the diamine or the diol is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for preparing intelligent fiber by water-phase interfacial reaction spinning, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing polyurethane prepolymer containing polyether chain segment
Dissolving diphenylmethane diisocyanate in toluene, stirring at 180r/min, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding a small amount of dibutyltin dilaurate, and mixing to obtain a solution A; dissolving polyethylene glycol in toluene to obtain a solution B, dropwise adding the solution B into the solution A, and continuing to react for 1.5-2h after the dropwise adding is finished; after the reaction is finished, removing impurities from the product by a centrifugal method to obtain a prepolymer;
s2, preparing a water-based reaction medium and injecting the water-based reaction medium into a forming groove with a temperature control device
And (4) injecting the prepolymer prepared in the step S1 into a spinning tank, extruding the prepolymer from a spinneret orifice through a metering pump, allowing the extruded liquid flow to enter a forming groove, reacting with a water-based medium, forming and curing for 4-5min to form fibers, leading out the fibers, drying by infrared rays, and winding to obtain the intelligent responsive fibers.
In the step S1, the solution a is composed of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene, and dibutyltin dilaurate, and the ratio of the raw materials is: the mass ratio of the diphenylmethane diisocyanate to the toluene is 1:60-1: 90; the mass ratio of dibutyltin dilaurate to diphenylmethane diisocyanate is 1:25-1: 20.
In the step S1, the solution B is composed of polyethylene glycol and toluene, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the toluene is 1:7-1: 10.
Further, in the step S1, the molar ratio of the diphenylmethane diisocyanate in the solution a to the polyethylene glycol in the solution B is 2:1-2.2: 1. The dripping time of the solution B is 0.5h, and the continuous reaction time is 1.5-2h after the dripping of the solution B is finished.
Further, in the step S1, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 1000-4000.
In step S2, the water-based reaction medium is prepared from Dimethylformamide (DMF) and NaHCO3Or a mixture of any of ethanol and water, wherein DMF or NaHCO is used3Or the mass mixing ratio of the ethanol to the water is 10:90-15: 85.
Therefore, in the step S2, the prepolymer extruded from the spinneret orifice reacts with the water-based medium at 10-30 ℃ for curing and forming, and the filament is dried and wound by infrared rays to obtain the intelligent responsive fiber.
The invention simultaneously claims the phase-change temperature-regulating functional and temperature-responsive fiber prepared by the method.
In the invention, diphenylmethane diisocyanate is selected as a reaction raw material for synthesizing polyurethane, and mainly has the function of reacting with polyethylene glycol to form a polyurethane prepolymer, and a hard chain segment of a polyurethane macromolecule is formed after chain extension. The function of toluene in the present invention is: as solvent and water-carrying agent in the reaction process. The dibutyltin dilaurate has the functions in the invention: as a catalyst for polyurethane synthesis. Polyethylene glycol is a phase change material, and the polyethylene glycol firstly reacts with diphenylmethane diisocyanate to form a prepolymer, and then a chain is extended to form a soft segment. The phase change enthalpy and the phase change temperature of the phase change polyurethane can be effectively controlled by limiting the molecular mass of the polyethylene glycol to be 1000-4000.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a method for preparing an intelligent fiber material with temperature response, shape memory and temperature regulation functions by using an aqueous solution to replace a traditional chain extender diamine or diol as a chain extender and adopting a reaction spinning method. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of simple operation, energy conservation, environmental friendliness and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a responsive phase change polyurethane fiber;
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of polyurethane.
Wherein SSPCPU1-4 is used during chain extension respectively: 10 wt% NaHCO3Pure water, 10 wt% DMF, 10 wt% ethanol.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods adopted by the invention are all conventional methods, and experimental equipment, materials, reagents and the like used in the experimental method can be obtained from commercial sources.
Example 1
Dissolving 1.93 g of diphenylmethane diisocyanate in 150 g of toluene, stirring at 180r/min, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding 0.08 g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and mixing to obtain a solution A; dissolving 7 g of polyethylene glycol 2000 in 49 g of toluene to obtain a solution B, dropwise adding the solution B into the solution A within 0.5h, and continuing to react for 2 hours after the dropwise addition is finished; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the product at 3000r/min to filter out impurities to obtain a prepolymer; and extruding the prepolymer from a spinneret orifice, introducing the prepolymer into an aqueous solution, reacting and solidifying for 5 minutes, leading out fibers, and drying by infrared rays to obtain the polyurethane fibers, wherein the phase change enthalpy of the polyurethane fibers is 34.58J/g, the phase change temperature is 32.2 ℃, and the polyurethane fibers have temperature response at 32 ℃.
Example 2
Dissolving 1.93 g of diphenylmethane diisocyanate in 150 g of toluene, stirring at 180r/min, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding 0.06 g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and mixing to obtain a solution A; dissolving 3.5 g of polyethylene glycol 1000 in 35 g of toluene to obtain a solution B, dropwise adding the solution B into the solution A for 0.5h, and continuously reacting for 1.5 h after the dropwise adding is finished; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the product at 3000r/min to filter out impurities to obtain a prepolymer; and extruding the prepolymer from a spinneret orifice, adding 10 wt% of sodium carbonate aqueous solution, reacting and solidifying for 5 minutes, leading out fibers, and drying by infrared rays to obtain the polyurethane fibers, wherein the phase change enthalpy of the polyurethane fibers is 40.1J/g, the phase change temperature is 28.2 ℃, and the polyurethane fibers have temperature response at 30 ℃.
Example 3
Dissolving 1.76 g of diphenylmethane diisocyanate in 105 g of toluene, stirring at 180r/min, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding 0.08 g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and mixing to obtain a solution A; dissolving 7 g of polyethylene glycol 2000 in 60 g of toluene to obtain a solution B, dropwise adding the solution B into the solution A within 0.5h, and continuing to react for 2 hours after the dropwise addition is finished; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the product at 3000r/min to filter out impurities to obtain a prepolymer; and extruding the prepolymer from a spinneret orifice, adding 10 wt% of dimethylformamide aqueous solution, reacting and solidifying for 5 minutes, leading out fibers, and drying by infrared rays to obtain the polyurethane fibers, wherein the phase change enthalpy of the polyurethane fibers is 53J/g, the phase change temperature is 31 ℃, and the polyurethane fibers have temperature response at 30 ℃.
Example 4
Dissolving 1.93 g of diphenylmethane diisocyanate in 150 g of toluene, stirring at 180r/min, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding 0.06 g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and mixing to obtain a solution A; dissolving 7 g of polyethylene glycol 2000 in 50 g of toluene to obtain a solution B, dropwise adding the solution B into the solution A within 0.5h, and continuing to react for 1.5 h after the dropwise addition is finished; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the product at 3000r/min to filter out impurities to obtain a prepolymer; and extruding the prepolymer from a spinneret orifice, adding 10 wt% of dimethylformamide aqueous solution, reacting and solidifying for 5 minutes, leading out fibers, and drying by infrared rays to obtain polyurethane fibers, wherein the phase change enthalpy is 53.43J/g, the phase change temperature is 31.07 ℃, and the polyurethane fibers have temperature response at 31 ℃.
Example 5
Dissolving 1.93 g of diphenylmethane diisocyanate in 150 g of toluene, stirring at 180r/min, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding 0.06 g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and mixing to obtain a solution A; dissolving 7 g of polyethylene glycol 2000 in 50 g of toluene to obtain a solution B, dropwise adding the solution B into the solution A within 0.5h, and continuing to react for 1.5 h after the dropwise addition is finished; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the product at 3000r/min to filter out impurities to obtain a prepolymer; and extruding the prepolymer from a spinneret orifice, adding 10 wt% of ethanol aqueous solution, reacting and solidifying for 3 minutes, leading out fibers, and drying by infrared rays to obtain the polyurethane fibers, wherein the phase change enthalpy of the polyurethane fibers is 48.66J/g, the phase change temperature is 27.6 ℃, and the polyurethane fibers have temperature response at 29 ℃.
The above description is only for the purpose of creating a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for preparing intelligent fiber by water phase interface reaction spinning is characterized in that the fiber preparation process is as follows:
s1, preparing polyurethane prepolymer containing polyether chain segment
Dissolving diphenylmethane diisocyanate in toluene, stirring at 180r/min, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly mixing, dropwise adding a small amount of dibutyltin dilaurate, and mixing to obtain a solution A; dissolving polyethylene glycol in toluene to obtain a solution B, dropwise adding the solution B into the solution A, and continuing to react after the dropwise adding is finished; after the reaction is finished, removing impurities from the product by a centrifugal method to obtain a prepolymer; the molecular mass of the polyethylene glycol is 1000-4000;
the solution A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the mass ratio of the diphenylmethane diisocyanate to the toluene is 1:60-1: 90; the mass ratio of dibutyltin dilaurate to diphenylmethane diisocyanate is 1:25-1: 20;
the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol to toluene in the solution B is 1:7-1: 10; the molar ratio of the diphenylmethane diisocyanate in the solution A to the polyethylene glycol in the solution B is 2:1-2.2:1
S2, preparing a water-based reaction medium and injecting the water-based reaction medium into a forming groove with a temperature control device
Injecting the prepolymer prepared in the step S1 into a spinning tank, extruding the prepolymer from a spinneret orifice through a metering pump, allowing the extruded liquid flow to enter a forming groove, reacting and forming the extruded liquid flow with a water-based medium at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, curing for 4-5min to form fibers, leading out the fibers, drying the fibers by infrared rays, and winding to obtain intelligent responsive fibers;
the water-based reaction medium is prepared from DMF and NaHCO3Or a mixture of any of ethanol and water, wherein DMF or NaHCO is used3Or the mass mixing ratio of the ethanol to the water is 10:90-15: 85.
2. The method for preparing the intelligent fiber through the water-phase interfacial reaction spinning according to claim 1, wherein the dropping time of the solution B is 0.5h, and the reaction time is continued for 1.5-2h after the dropping of the solution B is finished.
3. A phase change thermoregulating functional and temperature responsive fiber prepared by the method of claim 1.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1103565A (en) * 1963-12-20 1968-02-14 Courtaulds Ltd Improvements relating to the production of artificial fibres
CN110230117A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-09-13 武汉纺织大学 A method of improving polyurethane fiber strength and strain
CN110230121A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-09-13 武汉纺织大学 A kind of preparation method of high-ductility polyurethane composite fibre

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090093606A1 (en) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-09 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shape memory fibers prepared via wet, reaction, dry, melt, and electro spinning
US7976944B2 (en) * 2009-01-02 2011-07-12 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Temperature-regulating fiber and a method of making the same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1103565A (en) * 1963-12-20 1968-02-14 Courtaulds Ltd Improvements relating to the production of artificial fibres
CN110230117A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-09-13 武汉纺织大学 A method of improving polyurethane fiber strength and strain
CN110230121A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-09-13 武汉纺织大学 A kind of preparation method of high-ductility polyurethane composite fibre

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