CN111057983A - Preparation method of engine cylinder body and cylinder sleeve - Google Patents

Preparation method of engine cylinder body and cylinder sleeve Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111057983A
CN111057983A CN201911426061.3A CN201911426061A CN111057983A CN 111057983 A CN111057983 A CN 111057983A CN 201911426061 A CN201911426061 A CN 201911426061A CN 111057983 A CN111057983 A CN 111057983A
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China
Prior art keywords
sleeve
aluminum
assistant agent
plating assistant
steel sleeve
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CN201911426061.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王宇
夏建强
宋彬
高翰君
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Anhui Hengli Additive Manufacturing Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Hengli Additive Manufacturing Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN201911426061.3A priority Critical patent/CN111057983A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: a) polishing the steel sleeve; b) cleaning and deoiling; c) an alkali washing rust removal process: d) dipping a plating assistant agent; e) aluminum liquid soaking process; f) pouring aluminum alloy; g) cleaning; compared with the prior art, the invention leads the cylinder body and the cylinder sleeve to be metallurgically combined by coating the plating assistant agent and the aluminum dipping on the surface of the cylinder sleeve, and the manufactured cylinder body and the cylinder sleeve can be mechanically processed again.

Description

Preparation method of engine cylinder body and cylinder sleeve
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a method for preparing an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve, in particular to a method for preparing an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve made of steel-aluminum composite materials.
Background
In order to reduce the mass of the engine and meet the requirements of light weight and high combustion and explosion of the diesel engine, the diesel engine is prepared by adopting aluminum alloy as an engine body material and adopting an alloy steel sleeve as a cylinder sleeve. The traditional engine cylinder body and cylinder sleeve are mechanically combined through grooves and rough surfaces, but the mechanically combined cylinder body and cylinder sleeve cannot be subjected to mechanical re-processing operation of punching and cutting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve, which can be mechanically processed again.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps: a) polishing the steel sleeve; b) cleaning and deoiling; c) an alkali washing rust removal process: d) dipping a plating assistant agent; e) aluminum liquid soaking process; f) pouring aluminum alloy; g) cleaning;
the step e) of aluminum liquid dipping is to dip the steel sleeve coated with the plating assistant agent into aluminum liquid with the temperature of 740 and 760 ℃ and the purity of not less than 99 percent, and keep the temperature for 10 to 20 minutes.
The step d) of dipping the plating assistant agent is to dip the steel sleeve which is derusted in the step c) of alkali washing and derusting into the plating assistant agent and then dry the steel sleeve to constant weight at the temperature of 40-80 ℃;
the plating assistant agent comprises 4-6% of KCl, 4-6% of KF, 3-5% of NaCl and the balance of water.
In the step a) of polishing the steel sleeve, the material of the steel sleeve is 38 CrMoAl.
In the f) aluminum alloy pouring procedure, the material of the aluminum alloy is ZL 702A.
As can be seen from the ternary equilibrium phase diagram of Fe-Al-Si, solid solutions, intermetallic compounds and co-crystals can be formed between Fe and Al and Si. When the content of Si in the Al liquid is 6-8%, the Al can appear in sequence along with the increase of the content of Fe in the Al liquid5FeSi、Al8Fe2Si、FeAl3Intermetallic compoundA compound is provided.
In the invention, the initial forming process of the steel-aluminum interface reaction layer in the step e) of the aluminum soaking solution is mainly divided into 4 stages.
(1) In the interface reaction stage 1, Fe and an Al matrix are contacted with each other, Fe atoms, Al atoms and Si atoms begin to diffuse into the matrix of each other, and the diffusion coefficient of Fe in Al is far greater than that of Al in Fe;
(2) interfacial reaction stage 2, needle-like Al is generated at the place where the local energy on the aluminum side is high5A FeSi phase.
(3) Interfacial reaction stage 3, with further diffusion of aluminum atoms to Al5Between FeSi phase and Fe (Al) solid solution, Al8Fe2The Si phase starts to grow.
(4) Interfacial reaction stage 4, Al8Fe2The Si layer grows into a continuous phase layer, and Cr atoms are dissolved in Al in a solid mode8Fe2In Si, Fe and Al atoms need to diffuse through Al8Fe2A Si phase layer, which reduces the diffusion of Al in the phase layer, thereby inhibiting FeAl3Growing of the phases; fe. Cr atoms can reach the aluminum matrix only by diffusing in a dense layer, so that Fe atoms on the side close to aluminum are reduced, Al and Si atoms are excessive, and a small amount of dispersed granular Al is generated8Fe2Si phase and acicular Al5A FeSi phase.
Compared with the prior art, the invention leads the cylinder body and the cylinder sleeve to be metallurgically combined by coating the plating assistant agent and the aluminum dipping on the surface of the cylinder sleeve, and the manufactured cylinder body and the cylinder sleeve can be mechanically processed again.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an EDS dot distribution plot of a cylinder liner made according to example 2.
FIG. 2 is a gold phase diagram of a hot dip aluminizing interface at different aluminizing times. In the figure, (a)5min (b)10min (c)15min (d)20 min.
FIG. 3 is a graph of hardness of the cylinder liner of the cylinder block manufactured in example 4 by hot dip coating for 10 min.
FIG. 4 is a graph of hardness of the cylinder liner of example 4 hot dip coated for 15 min.
FIG. 5 is a graph of 20min hot dip hardness of the cylinder liner of the cylinder block manufactured in example 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
The invention adopts ZL702A as a diesel engine cylinder body and 38CrMoAl as an engine cylinder sleeve.
TABLE 1 ZL702A alloy composition
Figure BDA0002347726960000031
TABLE 238 CrMoAl alloy compositions
C Si Mn Cr Mo Al Fe
0.35～0.42 0.2～0.45 0.3～0.6 1.35～1.65 0.15～0.25 0.7～1.1 Balance of
Example 1:
a preparation method of an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps: a) polishing the steel sleeve; b) cleaning and deoiling; c) an alkali washing rust removal process: d) dipping a plating assistant agent; e) aluminum liquid soaking process; f) pouring aluminum alloy; g) cleaning;
and the step e) of aluminum liquid immersion comprises the step of immersing the steel sleeve coated with the plating assistant agent into aluminum liquid with the temperature of 740 ℃ and the purity of not less than 99 percent, and preserving the heat for 10 minutes.
The step d) of dipping the plating assistant agent is to dip the steel sleeve which is derusted in the step c) of alkali washing and derusting into the plating assistant agent and then dry the steel sleeve to constant weight at 40 ℃;
the plating assistant agent comprises 4% of KCl, 4% of KF and 3% of NaCl, and the balance of water.
In the step a) of polishing the steel sleeve, the material of the steel sleeve is 38 CrMoAl.
In the f) aluminum alloy pouring procedure, the material of the aluminum alloy is ZL 702A.
Example 2:
a preparation method of an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps: a) polishing the steel sleeve; b) cleaning and deoiling; c) an alkali washing rust removal process: d) dipping a plating assistant agent; e) aluminum liquid soaking process; f) pouring aluminum alloy; g) cleaning;
and the step e) of aluminum liquid immersion comprises the step of immersing the steel sleeve coated with the plating assistant agent into aluminum liquid with the temperature of 740-760 ℃ and the purity of not less than 99 percent, and keeping the temperature for 11 minutes.
The step d) of dipping the plating assistant agent is to dip the steel sleeve which is derusted in the step c) of alkali washing and derusting into the plating assistant agent and then dry the steel sleeve to constant weight at 60 ℃;
the plating assistant agent comprises 5% of KCl, 5% of KF and 4% of NaCl, and the balance of water.
In the step a) of polishing the steel sleeve, the material of the steel sleeve is 38 CrMoAl.
In the f) aluminum alloy pouring procedure, the material of the aluminum alloy is ZL 702A.
Samples were taken from the left and right sides of the steel/aluminum composite layer produced in example 2, and the microstructure of the interface was observed, whereby it was found that a continuous intermediate phase layer of 18 to 23 μm was formed at the Fe/Al interface, and that a dispersed particulate intermetallic compound phase was present in the aluminum matrix-side transition layer. The reason for generating the appearance is that a compact intermediate phase layer is formed at the interface of steel and aluminum along with the diffusion of Fe and Al atoms, the contact between aluminum and iron is destroyed by the firstly generated continuous phase layer, the further growth of the diffusion layer is carried out under the condition of penetrating through the continuous phase layer, and then Fe atoms can reach an aluminum matrix only by diffusing in the compact layer, so that Fe atoms on the side close to aluminum are reduced, Al and Si atoms are excessive, and a dispersed intermetallic compound phase is generated. Table 3 shows the results of the EDS composition analysis of figure 1,
TABLE 3 composition of steel and aluminum interface points
Figure BDA0002347726960000051
The combination of the EDS results in Table 3 shows that the continuous phase layer close to the steel side is Al8Fe2SiCrx phase, the needle-like intermetallic compound dispersed in Al matrix being Al5FeSi phase, the particulate intermetallic compound being Al8Fe2SiCrx phase. From the ternary phase diagram of Fe-Al-Si, Al5FeSi phase in preference to Al8Fe2A Si phase is generated.
Example 3
A preparation method of an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps: a) polishing the steel sleeve; b) cleaning and deoiling; c) an alkali washing rust removal process: d) dipping a plating assistant agent; e) aluminum liquid soaking process; f) pouring aluminum alloy; g) cleaning;
and the step e) of aluminum liquid immersion comprises the step of immersing the steel sleeve coated with the plating assistant agent into aluminum liquid with the temperature of 760 ℃ and the purity of not less than 99 percent, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes.
The step d) of dipping the plating assistant agent is to dip the steel sleeve which is derusted in the step c) of alkali washing and derusting into the plating assistant agent and then dry the steel sleeve to constant weight at 80 ℃;
the plating assistant agent comprises 6% of KCl, 6% of KF and 5% of NaCl, and the balance of water.
In the step a) of polishing the steel sleeve, the material of the steel sleeve is 38 CrMoAl.
In the f) aluminum alloy pouring procedure, the material of the aluminum alloy is ZL 702A.
Example 4:
the same procedure as in example 2 was repeated, except that the aluminum impregnation time was 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, when hot-dip aluminizing is carried out for 5min, gaps are generated at the joint of the steel-aluminum interface, and the joint quality is poor; when hot dipping aluminum for 10min, the steel-aluminum interface basically realizes metallurgical bonding, but micro cracks are generated; and when hot dip aluminizing is carried out for 15min and 20min, a continuous and complete intermetallic compound layer is formed on the interface, and complete metallurgical bonding is realized. And we found that the thickness of the compound layer is increased along with the increase of the hot dipping aluminum time, because at the same temperature, the longer the holding time is, the more sufficient the aluminum-iron element is diffused to the two sides, so that the thickness of the interface generated intermetallic compound is also thicker, but the excessive thickness also influences the combination and machining performance of the cylinder liner.
The microhardness gradient measurement was carried out by a microhardness meter along the direction perpendicular to the steel/aluminum composite material composite layer, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, the microhardness of the aluminum alloy side was HV 61.07-HV 82.54, the hardness of the steel substrate side was HV 228.44-HV 372.86, and the microhardness of the composite material composite layer was up to HV 486.32-HV 688.24, which indicates that the iron-aluminum compound Al of the steel/aluminum composite material composite layer was8Fe2Si is a high hardness brittle phase.
Analysis of the results of the hardness test in the vicinity of the bonding interface region of the bimetal composite material revealed that the hardness of the core material in the vicinity of the fused portion was higher than that of the other portions of the core material due to the presence of Fe — Al compound formed by diffusion of Fe and a1 atoms in the vicinity of the interface. The hardness values of the steel matrix and the aluminum matrix do not change obviously along with the distance from the interface, which further indicates that the solute in the matrix is relatively evenly distributed.
Fe. The reason that the hardness value is higher when Al element is fully diffused and the hardness value is higher when the hot dip coating is carried out for 20min is that solid-solution Fe atoms in the Al matrix are aggregated to form needle-shaped Al5FeSi phases, and needle-shaped Al in the Al matrix is carried out along with the reaction5FeSi phase is broken to form fine granular Al8Fe2Si phase dispersed in Al matrixIn addition, the inhibition effect on dislocation slippage is effectively increased, dispersion strengthening is generated, the strength and hardness of the alloy are improved, and the soft aluminum alloy matrix ensures that the alloy has certain plasticity.

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of an engine cylinder body and a cylinder sleeve is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: a) polishing the steel sleeve; b) cleaning and deoiling; c) an alkali washing rust removal process: d) dipping a plating assistant agent; e) aluminum liquid soaking process; f) pouring aluminum alloy; g) cleaning;
the step e) of aluminum liquid dipping is to dip the steel sleeve coated with the plating assistant agent into aluminum liquid with the temperature of 740 and 760 ℃ and the purity of not less than 99 percent, and keep the temperature for 10 to 20 minutes.
2. The method for preparing the engine cylinder block and the cylinder sleeve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and d) the step of dipping the plating assistant agent is to dip the steel sleeve which is derusted in the step c) of alkali cleaning and derusting into the plating assistant agent and then dry the steel sleeve to constant weight at the temperature of 40-80 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the engine cylinder block and the cylinder sleeve as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the plating assistant agent comprises 4-6% of KCl, 4-6% of KF, 3-5% of NaCl and the balance of water.
4. The method for preparing the engine cylinder block and the cylinder sleeve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a) of polishing the steel sleeve, the material of the steel sleeve is 38 CrMoAl.
5. The method for preparing the engine cylinder block and the cylinder sleeve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the f) aluminum alloy pouring procedure, the material of the aluminum alloy is ZL 702A.
CN201911426061.3A 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 Preparation method of engine cylinder body and cylinder sleeve Pending CN111057983A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0427389A1 (en) * 1989-11-06 1991-05-15 Dana Corporation Method of treating a ferrous component for subsequent metallurgical bonding to cast aluminum
CN1438438A (en) * 2003-02-14 2003-08-27 华中科技大学 Method for increasing internal surface wearability of engine cylinder body and cylinder sleeve
KR20080060413A (en) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-02 대림기업 주식회사 Manufacturing method of aluminum cylinder block
CN101253321A (en) * 2005-09-01 2008-08-27 马勒国际公司 Method for coating the outer surface of a cylinder bushing
CN102773463A (en) * 2012-08-01 2012-11-14 烟台路通精密铝业有限公司 Preparation process of dual-metal engine cylinder composite material
CN107790680A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-03-13 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 A kind of casting method of ferro-aluminum bimetallic cylinder

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0427389A1 (en) * 1989-11-06 1991-05-15 Dana Corporation Method of treating a ferrous component for subsequent metallurgical bonding to cast aluminum
CN1438438A (en) * 2003-02-14 2003-08-27 华中科技大学 Method for increasing internal surface wearability of engine cylinder body and cylinder sleeve
CN101253321A (en) * 2005-09-01 2008-08-27 马勒国际公司 Method for coating the outer surface of a cylinder bushing
KR20080060413A (en) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-02 대림기업 주식회사 Manufacturing method of aluminum cylinder block
CN102773463A (en) * 2012-08-01 2012-11-14 烟台路通精密铝业有限公司 Preparation process of dual-metal engine cylinder composite material
CN107790680A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-03-13 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 A kind of casting method of ferro-aluminum bimetallic cylinder

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Inventor after: Wang Yu

Inventor after: Xia Jianqiang

Inventor after: Song Bin

Inventor after: Gao Hanjun

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Application publication date: 20200424