CN111057489A - Preparation method of water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder - Google Patents
Preparation method of water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111057489A CN111057489A CN201911228328.8A CN201911228328A CN111057489A CN 111057489 A CN111057489 A CN 111057489A CN 201911228328 A CN201911228328 A CN 201911228328A CN 111057489 A CN111057489 A CN 111057489A
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- polyacrylic acid
- coupling agent
- silane coupling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
An aqueous cross-linking polyacrylic acid adhesive containing inorganic substance is prepared through connecting polyacrylic acid with inorganic substance by silane coupling agent, using inorganic substance with a certain grain size as base point, and forming a cross-linking polyacrylic acid adhesive with three-dimensional structure. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1. hydrolysis of silane coupling agent: adding a silane coupling agent into deionized water for hydrolysis for 0.5-2 h; 2. inorganic surface treatment: adding an inorganic substance into the solution prepared in the step 1, and stirring for 0.5-2 h; 3. preparation of crosslinked polyacrylic acid bond: and (3) adding polyacrylic acid into the aqueous dispersion obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 2-4h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ to obtain the cross-linked polyacrylic acid binder. The prepared water-based cross-linking type binder and the inorganic particles contained in the binder can well inhibit the expansion process of the lithium battery negative electrode material in the charging and discharging processes, and well prolong the cycle life of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a water-based cross-linking polyacrylic acid binder.
Background
In recent years, with the heat of fire in the lithium battery industry, more and more people research and explore in the field. The adhesive is used as a vital function in the lithium battery, and the good adhesive can firstly well adhere the active substance, the conductive agent and the current collector together to form a good electric conductor; and secondly, the volume expansion and contraction of the positive and negative active materials in the using process can be inhibited. However, the currently common binders have many problems, such as easy crystallization of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) (crystallinity of about 50%), resulting in low conductivity of the electrode; such as Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylic acid (PAA), etc., do not improve the effect of inhibiting the volume expansion of the positive and negative electrodes well. For this reason, new adhesives or improvements of these existing adhesives have been sought to meet the demand.
In order to reduce the crystallinity of polyvinylidene fluoride, various ethylene monomers are added into polyvinylidene fluoride to reduce the regularity of long polyvinylidene fluoride chains. For example, patent CN105514488A discloses a polyvinylidene fluoride binder with low crystallinity, which is copolymerized from 4 monomers with different structures, and used in a lithium battery positive electrode, and can improve the electrical conductivity thereof. For example, patent CN104725545A discloses a binder synthesized by copolymerizing polyvinylidene fluoride and acrylates, which has low crystallinity. However, these methods do not solve the problem of expansion and contraction of the negative electrode active material during charge and discharge well. In the prior art, there is a method of enhancing the effect of suppressing the expansion of the negative electrode active material by adding some metal oxide to the binder. The physical blending of lithium hydroxide with polyacrylic acid as disclosed in patent CN110085867A as a negative electrode binder inhibits the expansion of the active material to some extent. However, during use, lithium hydroxide is easily exfoliated, thereby decreasing the cycle life of the lithium battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the existing silicon-carbon binder cannot well inhibit the volume effect of a silicon-carbon cathode in the charging and discharging processes, the invention provides a cross-linking type polyacrylic binder containing inorganic matters, wherein the inorganic matters are linked to polyacrylic acid through chemical bonds, and the inorganic matters serve as connecting points to connect different chain segments of the polyacrylic acid to form a three-dimensional cross-linking structure. The structure can well inhibit the volume effect of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the cycle life of the lithium battery is prolonged.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
an aqueous cross-linking polyacrylic acid adhesive containing inorganic substance is prepared through connecting polyacrylic acid with inorganic substance by silane coupling agent, using inorganic substance with a certain grain size as base point, and forming a cross-linking polyacrylic acid adhesive with three-dimensional structure.
According to the scheme, the inorganic substance is one of quartz powder, talcum powder, silicon dioxide and the like, and the particle size is 50-200 nm.
According to the scheme, the silane coupling agent is any one of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), N- (β -aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH792), N- (β -aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and the like.
According to the scheme, the number average molecular weight of the polyacrylic acid is 300000-500000.
The preparation method of the inorganic matter-containing water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder comprises the following steps:
(1) hydrolysis of silane coupling agent: adding a silane coupling agent into deionized water, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4-5, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 0.5-2 h; wherein, the solid content of the silane coupling agent is 0.5-1%;
(2) inorganic surface treatment: adding an inorganic substance into the solution prepared in the step (1), controlling the solid content of the inorganic substance to be 1.5-2%, and stirring for 6-8 h;
(3) preparation of crosslinked polyacrylic acid bond: adding polyacrylic acid into the aqueous dispersion obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 2-4h at 60-80 ℃ to obtain an inorganic matter-containing aqueous crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder; wherein the solid content of the polyacrylic acid in the aqueous dispersion obtained in the step (2) is 7-8%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the inorganic matter is linked to the polyacrylic acid through a chemical bond, and the inorganic matter is not easy to fall off in the using process, so that the cycle service life of the battery is prolonged. And inorganic matters are used as connecting points to connect different chain segments of polyacrylic acid to form a three-dimensional cross-linked structure, so that the volume effect of the positive and negative active substances in the using process can be well inhibited.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cycle test chart of the battery a prepared in example 1 and a comparative battery.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
In the following examples, the particle size of the talc powder is 50 to 200 nm; the molecular weight of polyacrylic acid is about 300000.
(1) Hydrolysis of silane coupling agent: adding a silane coupling agent into deionized water, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4-5, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 0.5-2 h; wherein, the solid content of the silane coupling agent is 0.5-1%;
(2) inorganic surface treatment: adding an inorganic substance into the solution prepared in the step (1), controlling the solid content of the inorganic substance to be 1.5-2%, and stirring for 6-8 h;
(3) preparation of crosslinked polyacrylic acid bond: adding polyacrylic acid into the aqueous dispersion obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 2-4h at 60-80 ℃ to obtain an inorganic matter-containing aqueous crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder; wherein the solid content of the polyacrylic acid in the aqueous dispersion obtained in the step (2) is 7-8%.
Example 1
A preparation method of an inorganic substance-containing water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder comprises the following specific steps:
1. adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) into deionized water, adding acetic acid to adjust pH to 4, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 1h, wherein the solid content of the silane coupling agent is 0.5%;
2. adding talcum powder into the solution prepared in the step 1, controlling the solid content of the talcum powder to be 1.5%, and stirring for 6 hours to obtain precursor dispersion liquid;
3. adding polyacrylic acid into the precursor dispersion liquid obtained in the step 2 (the solid content of the polyacrylic acid in the precursor dispersion liquid is 8%), and stirring at 70 ℃ for 2h to obtain the aqueous crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder with the total solid content of 10%.
The method comprises the following steps of taking a physically mixed silicon-carbon composite material as a negative electrode, wherein the mass ratio of nano silicon to carbon is 1:9, taking a lithium sheet as a positive electrode, and taking an electrolyte with the model of LBC 301. The copper foil is used as a current collector, and the adhesive prepared in the embodiment 1 is used, the carbon-silicon composite material and the Super P conductive agent according to the mass ratio of 1: 8: 1 negative electrode was prepared and assembled into a CR2016 type button cell designated cell a.
A CR2016 type button cell is assembled by taking a physically mixed silicon-carbon composite material as a negative electrode, a lithium sheet as a positive electrode and polyacrylic acid as a binder, wherein the mass ratio of nano silicon to carbon is 1:9, and the silicon-carbon composite material is used as a comparison sample.
Example 2
A preparation method of an inorganic substance-containing water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder comprises the following specific steps:
1. adding N- (β -aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH792) into deionized water, adding acetic acid to adjust pH to 5, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 1h, wherein the solid content of the silane coupling agent is 0.5%;
2. adding talcum powder into the solution prepared in the step 1, controlling the solid content of the talcum powder to be 1.5%, and stirring for 6 hours to obtain precursor dispersion liquid;
3. adding polyacrylic acid into the precursor dispersion liquid obtained in the step 2 (the solid content of the polyacrylic acid in the precursor dispersion liquid is 8%), and stirring at 80 ℃ for 2h to obtain the aqueous crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder with the total solid content of 10%.
The method comprises the following steps of taking a physically mixed silicon-carbon composite material as a negative electrode, wherein the mass ratio of nano silicon to carbon is 1:9, taking a lithium sheet as a positive electrode, and taking an electrolyte with the model of LBC 301. The copper foil is used as a current collector, and the adhesive prepared in the embodiment 1 is used, the carbon-silicon composite material and the Super P conductive agent according to the mass ratio of 1: 8: 1 negative electrode was prepared and assembled into a CR2016 type button cell, denoted cell B.
Example 3
A preparation method of an inorganic substance-containing water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder comprises the following specific steps:
1. adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane into deionized water, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 1h, wherein the solid content of the silane coupling agent is 0.5%;
2. adding talcum powder into the solution prepared in the step 1, controlling the solid content of the silicon dioxide to be 2%, and stirring for 8h
Then, obtaining a precursor dispersion liquid;
3. adding polyacrylic acid into the precursor dispersion liquid obtained in the step 2 (the solid content of the polyacrylic acid in the precursor dispersion liquid is 7%), and stirring for 2 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain the aqueous crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder with the solid content of 10%.
The method comprises the following steps of taking a physically mixed silicon-carbon composite material as a negative electrode, wherein the mass ratio of nano silicon to carbon is 1:9, taking a lithium sheet as a positive electrode, and taking an electrolyte with the model of LBC 301. The copper foil is used as a current collector, and the adhesive prepared in the embodiment 1 is used, the carbon-silicon composite material and the Super P conductive agent according to the mass ratio of 1: 8: 1 negative electrode was prepared and assembled into CR2016 type button cell, denoted cell C.
Example 4
A preparation method of an inorganic substance-containing water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder comprises the following specific steps:
1. adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane into deionized water, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH to about 4.5, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 1h, wherein the solid content of the silane coupling agent is 1%;
2. adding talcum powder into the solution prepared in the step 1, controlling the solid content of quartz powder to be 2%, and stirring for 8 hours to obtain precursor dispersion liquid;
3. adding polyacrylic acid into the precursor dispersion liquid obtained in the step 2 (the solid content of the polyacrylic acid in the precursor dispersion liquid is 7%), and stirring at 70 ℃ for 2h to obtain the aqueous crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder with the total solid content of 10%.
The method comprises the following steps of taking a physically mixed silicon-carbon composite material as a negative electrode, wherein the mass ratio of nano silicon to carbon is 1:9, taking a lithium sheet as a positive electrode, and taking an electrolyte with the model of LBC 301. The copper foil is used as a current collector, and the adhesive prepared in the embodiment 1 is used, the carbon-silicon composite material and the Super P conductive agent according to the mass ratio of 1: 8: 1 negative electrode was prepared and assembled into a CR2016 type button cell designated cell D.
The CR2016 button cell assembled with the aqueous crosslinked polyacrylic acid binder obtained in examples 1-4 was tested for capacity retention after 200 cycles of charging and discharging at a current density of 200mA/g by a blue-ray system test, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Battery numbering | Capacity retention rate after 200mA/g circulation for 200 circles |
Battery A | 91.7% |
Battery B | 92.7% |
Battery C | 92.5% |
Battery D | 93.1% |
Control sample | 84.5% |
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and changes can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and changes are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid adhesive is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) hydrolysis of silane coupling agent: adding a silane coupling agent into water, adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4-5, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 0.5-2h to obtain hydrolysate;
(2) inorganic surface treatment: adding inorganic substances into the hydrolysate prepared in the step (1), and stirring for 6-8h to obtain a dispersion liquid;
(3) preparation of crosslinked polyacrylic acid bond: and (3) adding polyacrylic acid into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 2-4h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ to obtain the water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder.
2. The method for preparing an aqueous crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent, polyacrylic acid, and inorganic substance is (0.5-1): 7-8): 1.5-2.
3. The method for preparing an aqueous crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the silane coupling agent has a solid content of 0.5 to 1% in water.
4. The method for preparing the aqueous crosslinked polyacrylic acid binder according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the solid content of the inorganic substance in the hydrolysate is 1.5-2%.
5. The process for producing an aqueous crosslinking type polyacrylic acid binder according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the solid content of polyacrylic acid in the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) is 7 to 8%.
6. The method for preparing the water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inorganic substance is one of quartz powder, talc powder and silica, and has a particle size of 50-200 nm.
7. The method for preparing the water-based crosslinking polyacrylic acid binder of claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is any one of γ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (β -aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and N- (β -aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
8. The method for preparing an aqueous crosslinked polyacrylic acid binder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyacrylic acid has a number average molecular weight of 300000-500000.
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Cited By (2)
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CN113140729A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-20 | 深圳市优宝新材料科技有限公司 | Electrode binder and preparation method thereof, negative plate and secondary battery |
WO2024011350A1 (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-01-18 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Composite material and preparation method therefor, electrode, secondary battery and electric device |
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