CN111057356B - Polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111057356B CN111057356B CN201911341931.7A CN201911341931A CN111057356B CN 111057356 B CN111057356 B CN 111057356B CN 201911341931 A CN201911341931 A CN 201911341931A CN 111057356 B CN111057356 B CN 111057356B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- -1 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetyl tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCCCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCCCC QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 105
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- MCZDHTKJGDCTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC MCZDHTKJGDCTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XXWFDPVOXNJASB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;phenol Chemical compound CCO.OC1=CC=CC=C1 XXWFDPVOXNJASB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000207961 Sesamum Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
The polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate is prepared by compounding polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, a talcum powder/lignin composite material, a plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate. The polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate is biodegradable, non-toxic, pollution-free, light in weight, high in strength, good in heat resistance, safe and environment-friendly in use process, can reduce the cost of polylactic acid, and expands the application field of agricultural wastes. The forming process is relatively simple, fast and convenient, has strong designability, can be used for manufacturing products with different shapes, and has lower manufacturing cost. Can be used for manufacturing disposable products such as buried flowerpots, gift packaging boxes, disposable lunch boxes and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material, in particular to a polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate and a preparation method thereof. Is suitable for manufacturing disposable products such as buried flowerpots, gift packaging boxes, disposable lunch boxes and the like, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials.
Background
When flowers (saplings) are bought from the market and are to be transplanted, the disposable flower pots can be used for cultivating the flowers (saplings) in the flowers (saplings), after the flowers (saplings) are bought back by a user, the flowers (saplings) and the flower pots are buried in soil, the disposable flower pots are degraded along with time, the flowers (saplings) can thrive in the soil, and the death rate of the flowers (saplings) in the transplanting process can be reduced; packaging boxes are used in a large amount when gifts are packaged, traditionally, the packaging boxes are generally made of hard paper, plastic, wood or metal, and the packaging boxes made of the materials have certain limitations, such as low strength of the hard paper packaging boxes and waste of a large amount of paper resources in the using process; the plastic packaging box has low strength, is not easy to degrade, and is easy to pollute the environment after being discarded; the wooden packing box has higher cost, and trees are inevitably felled in the manufacturing process, which is not beneficial to ecological protection; the metal packing box is heavy, poor in touch feeling, high in cost and the like; the disposable lunch box is made of foamed plastic, is not degraded and is easy to pollute the environment, and in recent years, the disposable lunch box made of wood is available, and the disposable lunch box can be degraded after being discarded, but can destroy forest resources.
In summary, there is a need in the market for a degradable, environmentally friendly, safe, hygienic, and inexpensive material for manufacturing the above products.
The polylactic acid is thermoplastic aliphatic polyester formed by polymerizing lactic acid monomers formed by fermenting plants such as corn, starch and beet, can realize 100% degradation in natural environment, is green and environment-friendly, has good biocompatibility, excellent mechanical property and high strength, and is easy to process and form, so the polylactic acid is one of the best choices in the field of research of biomass composite materials and is expected to replace non-renewable petroleum-based fossil energy.
However, the polylactic acid material still has many defects in the using process, such as high price, high brittleness, low toughness and the like of the polylactic acid used as a plastic matrix, thereby limiting the application range of the polylactic acid.
Agricultural wastes such as rice straws, sesame straws, corn straws, wheat straws and the like are wide in source, low in price, green and environment-friendly, high in specific strength and specific modulus, low in density, biodegradable, non-toxic and pollution-free in structural materials prepared by compounding with polylactic acid, capable of replacing petroleum-based resources, capable of replacing more glass fibers or aramid fibers used at present, capable of improving the utilization value of the agricultural wastes, capable of reducing the problem of high cost of the polylactic acid in the application aspect, and important in economic and environment-friendly significance.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a degradable composite material plate using polylactic acid as a matrix and agricultural wastes as fillers and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the above purpose and provides a polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate and a preparation method thereof.
The polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified straw powder is one of modified rice straw powder, modified sesame straw powder, modified corn straw powder and modified wheat straw powder, and has an average particle size of 80-160 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 1-5 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 30-60min, filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 6-10% for 20-30min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 10-20% for 60-90min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 20-100 meshes of powder to obtain the pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 1500-2000: 0.1-0.3: 1-3: 230-330, adding the pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate and N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 15-25min at 50-70 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 60-80min at 70-78 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying, and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.08-0.12mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1200-1800, mixing, stirring for 3-4h at 90-100 ℃, standing, performing suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3-5% and water until the filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 60-70 ℃ to constant weight, grinding and sieving into powder with the particle size of 0.8-1.2 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 50-90: 5-7, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 2-3h, standing for 2-3h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ to constant weight, and dividing the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.1-0.5 mu m by a grinding sieve to obtain surface activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 40-60: 50-70, mixing the surface activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing at a high speed for 10-20min, then putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 6-8h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 240-280rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mechanically mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polylactic acid-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 165-170 ℃, 170-172 ℃ and 180-186 ℃;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 110-;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are respectively 155-.
The polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate disclosed by the invention is biodegradable, non-toxic, pollution-free, light in weight, high in strength, good in heat resistance, safe and environment-friendly in use process, and capable of reducing the cost of polylactic acid and expanding the application field of agricultural wastes. The forming process is relatively simple, fast and convenient, has strong designability, can be used for manufacturing products with different shapes, and has lower manufacturing cost. Can be used for manufacturing disposable products such as buried flowerpots, gift packaging boxes, disposable lunch boxes and the like.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are intended to further illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1: the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified straw powder is modified corn straw powder, and the average grain size is 120 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 3 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 45min, then filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 8% for 25min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 15% for 75min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 60-mesh powder to obtain pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 1750: 0.2: 2: 280, adding the pretreated straw powder, the water, the tetrabutylammonium acetate and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 20min at the temperature of 60 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 70min at the temperature of 74 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.1mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1500, mixing, stirring at 95 ℃ for 3.5h, standing, carrying out suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using 4% NaOH aqueous solution and water in sequence until a filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 65 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and screening the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 70: 6, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 65 ℃ for 2.5h, standing for 2.5h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 85 ℃ to constant weight, and dividing the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.3 mu m by a grinding sieve to obtain surface-activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface-activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 50: 60, mixing the surface-activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing for 15min at a high speed, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 7h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 260rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mechanically mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation to prepare polylactic acid-based blending granules, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are 167.5 ℃, 171 ℃ and 183 ℃ respectively;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 112 ℃, 115 ℃ and 118 ℃;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are 158 ℃, 161 ℃ and 170 ℃ respectively.
Example 2: the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified rice straw powder is modified rice straw powder, and the average particle size is 80 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 1 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 30min, filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 6% for 20min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 10% for 60min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 20-mesh powder to obtain the pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 1500: 0.1: 1: 230, adding the pretreated straw powder, the water, the tetrabutylammonium acetate and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 15min at 50 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 60min at 70 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying, and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.08mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1200, mixing, stirring for 3 hours at 90 ℃, standing, carrying out suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3% and water until a filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 60 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and screening the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.8 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 50: 5, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 2h, standing for 2h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 80 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and sieving the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.1 mu m to obtain surface-activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface-activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 40: 50, mixing the surface-activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing for 10min at a high speed, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 6h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 240rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP mechanically, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polylactic acid-based blended granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are 165 ℃, 170 ℃ and 180 ℃ respectively;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 110 ℃, 113 ℃ and 115 ℃;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are 155 ℃, 160 ℃ and 165 ℃ respectively.
Example 3: the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified straw powder is modified sesame straw powder, and the average particle size is 160 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 5 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 60min, then filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10% for 30min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 20% for 90min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 100-mesh powder to obtain pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 2000: 0.3: 3: 330, adding the pretreated straw powder, the water, the tetrabutylammonium acetate and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 25min at 70 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 80min at 78 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.12mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1800, mixing, stirring for 4 hours at 100 ℃, standing, carrying out suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5% and water until a filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 70 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and screening the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 1.2 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 90: 7, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 70 ℃ for 3h, standing for 3h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 90 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and sieving the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.5 mu m to obtain surface-activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface-activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 60: 70, mixing the surface-activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing at a high speed for 20min, then putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 8h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 280rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP mechanically, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polylactic acid-based blended granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are 170 ℃, 172 ℃ and 186 ℃ respectively;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 114 ℃, 117 ℃ and 121 ℃;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are 161 ℃, 162 ℃ and 175 ℃ respectively.
Example 4: the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified straw powder is modified wheat straw powder, and the average particle size is 80 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 3 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 60min, then filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 6% for 25min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 20% for 60min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 60-mesh powder to obtain pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 2000: 0.1: 2: 330, adding the pretreated straw powder, the water, the tetrabutylammonium acetate and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 20min at 50 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 60min at 78 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.12mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1500, mixing, stirring at 90 ℃ for 3.5h, standing, carrying out suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using 5% NaOH aqueous solution and water in sequence until the filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 60 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and screening the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 1.0 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 90: 5, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 65 ℃ for 3 hours, standing for 2 hours, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 85 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and sieving the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.5 mu m to obtain surface-activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface-activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 40: 60, mixing the surface-activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing at a high speed for 20min, then putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 7h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 240rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP mechanically, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polylactic acid-based blended granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are 170 ℃, 170 ℃ and 183 ℃ respectively;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 114 ℃, 113 ℃ and 118 ℃;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are 161 ℃, 160 ℃ and 170 ℃ respectively.
Example 5: the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified rice straw powder is modified rice straw powder, and the average particle size is 120 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 5 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 30min, then filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 8% for 30min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 10% for 75min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 100-mesh powder to obtain the pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 1500: 0.2: 3: 230, adding the pretreated straw powder, the water, the tetrabutylammonium acetate and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 25min at the temperature of 60 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 70min at the temperature of 70 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.08mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1800, mixing, stirring at 95 ℃ for 4 hours, standing, carrying out suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3% and water until a filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 65 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and screening the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 1.2 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 50: 6, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 70 ℃ for 2h, standing for 2.5h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 90 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and sieving into powder with the particle size of 0.1 mu m to obtain the surface-activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface-activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 50: 70, mixing the surface-activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing at a high speed for 10min, then putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 8h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 260rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mechanically mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation to prepare polylactic acid-based blending granules, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 165 ℃, 171 ℃ and 186 ℃;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 110 ℃, 115 ℃ and 121 ℃;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are 155 ℃, 161 ℃ and 175 ℃ respectively.
Example 6: the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified straw powder is modified sesame straw powder, and the average particle size is 160 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 1 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 45min, then filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10% for 20min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15% for 90min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 20-mesh powder to obtain pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 1750: 0.3: 1: 280, adding the pretreated straw powder, the water, the tetrabutylammonium acetate and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 15min at 70 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 80min at 74 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.08mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1800, mixing, stirring at 95 ℃ for 4 hours, standing, carrying out suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3% and water until a filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 65 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and screening the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 1.2 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 50: 6, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 70 ℃ for 2h, standing for 2.5h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 90 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and sieving into powder with the particle size of 0.1 mu m to obtain the surface-activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface-activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 50: 70, mixing the surface-activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing at a high speed for 10min, then putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 8h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 260rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP mechanically, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polylactic acid-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are 167.5 ℃, 172 ℃ and 180 ℃ respectively;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 114 ℃, 113 ℃ and 118 ℃;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are 161 ℃, 160 ℃ and 170 ℃ respectively.
Example 7: the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified straw powder is modified corn straw powder, and the average grain size is 120 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 3 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 30min, then filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 6% for 30min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 20% for 60min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 20-mesh powder to obtain the pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 2000: 0.3: 2: 280, adding the pretreated straw powder, the water, the tetrabutylammonium acetate and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 15min at 50 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 70min at 74 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.12mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1800, mixing, stirring at 95 ℃ for 3.5h, standing, carrying out suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using 5% NaOH aqueous solution and water in sequence until a filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 70 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and screening the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.8 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 50: 7, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 2.5h, standing for 2h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 85 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and sieving into powder with the particle size of 0.3 mu m to obtain the surface-activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface-activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 60: 50, mixing the surface-activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing at a high speed for 20min, then putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 6h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 280rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP mechanically, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polylactic acid-based blended granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are 165 ℃, 172 ℃ and 180 ℃ respectively;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 112 ℃, 117 ℃ and 115 ℃;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are 158 ℃, 162 ℃ and 165 ℃ respectively.
Example 8: the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate comprises the following components:
the modified straw powder is modified wheat straw powder, and the average grain size is 100 meshes.
The talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 2 mu m.
A preparation method of a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate comprises the following molding process:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 35min, then filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 7% for 26min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered and dried straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 12% for 70min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and sieving into 80-mesh powder to obtain the pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 1600: 0.15: 1.3: 260, adding the pretreated straw powder, the water, the tetrabutylammonium acetate and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 18min at 55 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 68min at 72 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.09mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1300, mixing, stirring at 96 ℃ for 3.4h, standing, carrying out suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3.5% and water until a filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 66 ℃ to constant weight, and grinding and screening the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.9 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 60: 5.6, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 66 ℃ for 2.3h, standing for 2.3h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 84 ℃ to constant weight, and dividing the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.4 mu m by a grinding sieve to obtain surface-activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface-activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 45: 56, mixing the surface-activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing at a high speed for 12min, then putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 6.5h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 270rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate according to the metering ratio;
(8) uniformly mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP mechanically, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polylactic acid-based blended granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are 167 ℃, 170.5 ℃ and 182 ℃ respectively;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are 111 ℃, 116 ℃ and 119 ℃ respectively;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are 159 ℃, 161.5 ℃ and 168 ℃ respectively.
The following tests reflect the effects of example 1:
the bending strength is 48.68MPa, the bending modulus is 822.02MPa, the tensile strength is 26.25MPa, and the tensile modulus is 526.82 MPa; the bending strength retention rate is 54.25 percent and the bending modulus retention rate is 46.26 percent when the natural environment is buried for 3 months; the tensile strength retention rate is 46.32 percent, and the tensile modulus retention rate is 32.88 percent.
The detection result shows that the composite material plate has higher mechanical property and can meet the use requirement of a common non-bearing structure; after 3 months of soil burying, the bending property and the tensile property are obviously reduced, and the soil burying has higher degradation rate and excellent degradability under the condition of soil burying.
Claims (1)
1. The manufacturing method of the polylactic acid-based biomass composite material plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) completely immersing the straw powder in an acetone solution for 30-60min, filtering until no acetone solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered straw powder in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 6-10% for 20-30min, filtering again until no hydrochloric acid solution drops in the straw powder, completely immersing the filtered straw powder in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percent concentration of 10-20% for 60-90min, washing with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence after treatment until the washing liquid is neutral, drying the washed straw powder to constant weight, grinding, and screening into 20-100 meshes of powder to obtain the pretreated straw powder;
(2) respectively weighing pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate, N-dimethylacetamide and butyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of 100: 1500-2000: 0.1-0.3: 1-3: 230-330, adding the pretreated straw powder, water, tetrabutylammonium acetate and N, N-dimethylacetamide into a container, stirring and dispersing for 15-25min at 50-70 ℃, then adding butyl acrylate, reacting for 60-80min at 70-78 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, drying, and screening to obtain modified straw powder;
(3) respectively weighing talcum powder and 0.08-0.12mol/L phenol ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 100: 1200-1800, mixing, stirring for 3-4h at 90-100 ℃, standing, performing suction filtration, and repeatedly washing a filter cake by using NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3-5% and water until the filtrate is neutral; then, drying the filter cake at 60-70 ℃ to constant weight, grinding and sieving into powder with the particle size of 0.8-1.2 mu m to obtain modified talcum powder;
(4) respectively weighing modified talcum powder, water and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the mass ratio of 100: 50-90: 5-7, uniformly mixing the modified talcum powder and the water, adding the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stirring at the constant temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 2-3h, standing for 2-3h, filtering, drying a filter cake at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ to constant weight, and dividing the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 0.1-0.5 mu m by a grinding sieve to obtain surface activated talcum powder;
(5) respectively weighing surface activated talcum powder, lignin and water according to the mass ratio of 100: 40-60: 50-70, mixing the surface activated talcum powder and the lignin at room temperature, then adding the water, mechanically mixing at a high speed for 10-20min, then putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out wet ball milling on the mixture for 6-8h on a ball mill at the rotating speed of 240-280rpm to obtain lignin-talcum powder composite slurry;
(6) fully drying the lignin-talcum powder composite slurry to constant weight, grinding and screening to obtain a talcum powder/lignin composite material;
(7) respectively weighing 100kg, 23kg, 46kg, 12kg, 4.6kg and 12kg of polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, modified straw powder, talcum powder/lignin composite material, plasticizer DOP and acetyl tributyl citrate;
(8) uniformly mechanically mixing polylactic acid, modified straw powder and a plasticizer DOP, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polylactic acid-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 165-170 ℃, 170-172 ℃ and 180-186 ℃;
(9) mechanically and uniformly mixing polybutylene succinate and a talcum powder/lignin composite material, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and preparing polybutylene succinate-based blending granules through high-temperature melting plasticization, extrusion and granulation, wherein the extrusion temperatures of a feeding section, a melting section and a homogenizing section are respectively 110-;
(10) mechanically and uniformly mixing polylactic acid-based blending granules, polybutylene succinate-based blending granules and acetyl tributyl citrate, then placing the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out high-temperature melting plasticization and extrusion to obtain a polylactic acid-based biomass composite plate; the extrusion temperatures of the feeding section, the melting section and the homogenizing section are respectively 155-;
the modified straw powder is one of modified rice straw powder, modified sesame straw powder, modified corn straw powder and modified wheat straw powder, and has an average particle size of 80-160 meshes;
the talcum powder/lignin composite material is a powdery material, and the average grain diameter is 1-5 mu m.
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| CN112724612B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-14 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of heterogeneous lignin/polylactic acid composite material |
| CN112920567A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | 柳州塑友科技有限公司 | Wheat straw filled modified PLA fully-degradable plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN114517006B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2024-01-02 | 佛山市湘聚新材料有限公司 | Bio-based degradable plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN115141495A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-04 | 江苏中科睿赛污染控制工程有限公司 | Reinforced and toughened degradable material and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20240528 Address after: 313118 Baixian Industrial Concentration Area, Meishan Town, Changxing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: ZHEJIANG GUANSEN NEW MATERIAL CO.,LTD. Country or region after: China Address before: 214264 Fangqiao Village, Fangqiao Street, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Jiangsu yulinsheng plastic wood technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |