CN111057118A - Preparation method of erythromycin impurity D - Google Patents

Preparation method of erythromycin impurity D Download PDF

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CN111057118A
CN111057118A CN201911343134.2A CN201911343134A CN111057118A CN 111057118 A CN111057118 A CN 111057118A CN 201911343134 A CN201911343134 A CN 201911343134A CN 111057118 A CN111057118 A CN 111057118A
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erythromycin
impurity
erythromycin impurity
reaction solution
preparation
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袁晓
林顺权
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Pi & Pi Technology Inc
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H17/00Compounds containing heterocyclic radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
    • C07H17/04Heterocyclic radicals containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms
    • C07H17/08Hetero rings containing eight or more ring members, e.g. erythromycins
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an erythromycin impurity D, which comprises the following steps: adding water into erythromycin, stirring and reacting at 25-30 ℃ under an acidic condition, and then separating and purifying a reaction solution to obtain an erythromycin impurity D; the preparation method of the erythromycin impurity D has mild reaction conditions, does not relate to ultralow temperature reaction, reduces the process steps, and is suitable for pilot scale of laboratories; the purity of the prepared erythromycin impurity D reaches over 90 percent, the quality research requirement can be met, and meanwhile, a technical basis is provided for the national quality standard improvement of erythromycin.

Description

Preparation method of erythromycin impurity D
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an erythromycin impurity D.
Background
Erythromycin (Erythromycin) belongs to macrolide antibiotics, is a fermentation antibiotic, and has been widely developed and applied in the medical field. The antibacterial spectrum is similar to that of penicillin, and has strong inhibiting effect on gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococcus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus viridans, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus faecalis, hemolytic streptococcus, clostridium, diphtheria bacillus, bacillus anthracis and the like. It also has certain inhibitory effect on gram-negative bacteria such as gonococcus, helicobacter, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella, Legionella, meningococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Bacteroides, partial dysentery bacillus, and Escherichia coli. In addition, it has inhibitory effect on mycoplasma, actinomycetes, spirochetes, rickettsia, chlamydia, nocardia, a few mycobacteria and amebiasis.
The erythromycin impurity is a component without any pharmacodynamic action in the medicine, and part of the impurity has carcinogenicity and teratogenicity, and the impurity has adverse reaction, thereby seriously influencing the medication safety and bringing immeasurable risk to the user.
The domestic preparation process of the imitation drugs is various, so that the generated impurities are different, and different from the process of the original research drugs, the content and the types of the impurities also have different, but the domestic generation mechanism, synthesis preparation, separation and purification and pharmacology of the impurities cannot be systematically and comprehensively researched, and some impurities have a plurality of tautomers, are limited by the fact that monomer impurities are difficult to obtain by a separation and purification technology, cannot be systematically researched, and cause the quality of the imitation drugs to be obviously inferior to the quality of the original research drugs. Therefore, the research on impurities is particularly important, and the synthesis and separation of the impurity monomer are essential to the research on the structure, toxicity and quality control of the impurity monomer, and have important significance for improving the quality of domestic medicines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the preparation method of the erythromycin impurity D, which has mild reaction conditions, does not relate to ultralow temperature reaction, has few process steps and is suitable for pilot scale test in a laboratory.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of erythromycin impurity D comprises the following steps: adding water into erythromycin, stirring and reacting at 25-30 ℃ under an acidic condition, and then separating and purifying a reaction solution to obtain an erythromycin impurity D; the chemical structural formula of the erythromycin impurity D is as follows:
Figure BDA0002332050140000021
the chemical structural formula of the erythromycin impurity D is as follows: c37H65NO12The molecular formula is 715, and the reaction process of the preparation method is as follows:
Figure BDA0002332050140000022
preferably, the preparation method of the erythromycin impurity D comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water into erythromycin, slowly dropwise adding an acid while stirring at room temperature, keeping the pH of the reaction solution at 1-2, and stirring for reaction to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) adjusting the pH of the reaction liquid to 8-9 by using alkali to obtain an erythromycin impurity D reaction liquid;
(3) and (3) adding methanol into the erythromycin impurity D reaction solution for dissolving, separating by using a C18 column, sequentially eluting by using acetonitrile water solutions with different concentrations, and freeze-drying to obtain an erythromycin impurity D pure product with the purity of over 90%.
Preferably, in the step (1), the amount of water is 20-30 mL per gram of erythromycin.
Preferably, the acid in step (1) is concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Preferably, the alkali in the step (2) is sodium hydroxide with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol/L.
Preferably, in the step (1), the stirring reaction time is 0.5-1 h.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mixture is separated by an upper 600mL C18 column, and is sequentially treated by a volume ratio of 40: 60. 50: 50. 60: and eluting 1.5L of acetonitrile and water solution of 40 parts respectively to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D, and freeze-drying to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation method of the erythromycin impurity D has mild reaction conditions, does not relate to ultralow temperature reaction, reduces the process steps, and is suitable for pilot scale of laboratories; the purity of the prepared erythromycin impurity D reaches over 90 percent, the quality research requirement can be met, and meanwhile, a technical basis is provided for the national quality standard improvement of erythromycin.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an HPLC detection spectrum (chromatographic conditions: European pharmacopoeia 9.0) of erythromycin impurity D prepared by the preparation method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a HPLC detection profile of a blank control (chromatographic conditions: European pharmacopoeia 9.0);
FIG. 3 is a HNMR map of erythromycin impurity D prepared by the preparation method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a C13NMR spectrum of erythromycin impurity D prepared by the preparation method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an ESI-MS spectrum of erythromycin impurity D prepared by the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The preparation method of the erythromycin impurity D comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 5g of erythromycin, adding 100mL of water, slowly dropwise adding concentrated hydrochloric acid while stirring at room temperature, keeping the pH of the reaction solution at 1.0, and stirring for reacting for 0.5h to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) adjusting the pH of the reaction solution to 8-9 by using 1mol/L sodium hydroxide to obtain an erythromycin impurity D reaction solution;
(3) dissolving the erythromycin impurity D reaction solution in methanol, separating by a 600mL C18 column, and purifying by acetonitrile: aqueous solution 40: 60(V/V), 50: 50(V/V), 60: and eluting 1.5L of the raw materials respectively to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D, and freeze-drying to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D with purity of over 90% and yield of 15.7%.
Example 2
The preparation method of the erythromycin impurity D comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 5g of erythromycin, adding 125mL of water, slowly dropwise adding concentrated hydrochloric acid while stirring at room temperature, keeping the pH of the reaction solution at 1.5, and stirring for reacting for 0.7h to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) adjusting the pH of the reaction solution to 8-9 by using 1mol/L sodium hydroxide to obtain an erythromycin impurity D reaction solution;
(3) dissolving the erythromycin impurity D reaction solution in methanol, separating by a 600mL C18 column, and purifying by acetonitrile: aqueous solution 40: 60(V/V), 50: 50(V/V), 60: eluting 1.5L of each component 40(V/V) to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D, and freeze-drying to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D with purity over 90% and yield of 12.6%.
Example 3
The preparation method of the erythromycin impurity D comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 5g of erythromycin, adding 150mL of water, slowly dropwise adding concentrated hydrochloric acid while stirring at room temperature, keeping the pH of the reaction solution at 2.0, and stirring for reacting for 1h to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) adjusting the pH of the reaction solution to 8-9 by using 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide to obtain an erythromycin impurity D reaction solution;
(3) dissolving the erythromycin impurity D reaction solution in methanol, separating by a 600mL C18 column, and purifying by acetonitrile: aqueous solution 40: 60(V/V), 50: 50(V/V), 60: eluting 1.5L of each component 40(V/V) to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D, and freeze-drying to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D with purity over 90% and yield of 11.3%.
Example 4
The preparation method of the erythromycin impurity D comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 5g of erythromycin, adding 100mL of water, slowly dropwise adding concentrated hydrochloric acid while stirring at room temperature, keeping the pH of the reaction solution at 2.0, and stirring for reacting for 1h to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) adjusting the pH of the reaction solution to 8-9 by using 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide to obtain an erythromycin impurity D reaction solution;
(3) dissolving the erythromycin impurity D reaction solution in methanol, separating by a 600mL C18 column, and purifying by acetonitrile: aqueous solution 40: 60(V/V), 50: 50(V/V), 60: eluting 1.5L of each component 40(V/V) to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D, and freeze-drying to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D with purity of over 90% and yield of 10.1%.
An HPLC detection spectrum of the erythromycin impurity D prepared in the embodiments 1-4 is shown in figure 1, an HPLC detection spectrum of a blank control is shown in figure 2, and a structure identification HNMR spectrum, a C13NMR spectrum and an ESI-MS spectrum are respectively shown in figures 3, 4 and 5; the structure of the prepared erythromycin impurity D is as follows:
Figure BDA0002332050140000051
finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of erythromycin impurity D is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding water into erythromycin, stirring and reacting at 25-30 ℃ under an acidic condition, and then separating and purifying a reaction solution to obtain an erythromycin impurity D; the chemical structural formula of the erythromycin impurity D is as follows:
Figure FDA0002332050130000011
2. the method of preparing erythromycin impurity D according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding water into erythromycin, slowly dropwise adding an acid while stirring at room temperature, keeping the pH of the reaction solution at 1-2, and stirring for reaction to obtain a reaction solution;
(2) adjusting the pH of the reaction liquid to 8-9 by using alkali to obtain an erythromycin impurity D reaction liquid;
(3) and (3) adding methanol into the erythromycin impurity D reaction solution for dissolving, separating by using a C18 column, sequentially eluting by using acetonitrile water solutions with different concentrations, and freeze-drying to obtain an erythromycin impurity D pure product with the purity of over 90%.
3. The method for preparing erythromycin impurity D according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the amount of water is 20-30 mL per gram of erythromycin.
4. The process of claim 2, wherein the acid of step (1) is concentrated hydrochloric acid.
5. The method for preparing erythromycin impurity D according to claim 2, wherein the alkali in the step (2) is sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol/L.
6. The method for preparing erythromycin impurity D according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the stirring reaction time is 0.5-1 h.
7. The process for the preparation of erythromycin impurity D as described in claim 2, wherein in the step (3), the separation is carried out on 600mLC18 column, and the separation is carried out sequentially by using a solvent having a volume ratio of 40: 60. 50: 50. 60: and eluting 1.5L of acetonitrile and water solution of 40 parts respectively to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D, and freeze-drying to obtain pure erythromycin impurity D.
CN201911343134.2A 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Preparation method of erythromycin impurity D Pending CN111057118A (en)

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Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ABDOLREZA HASSANZADEH ET AL.: "Pediatric Erythromycins:a Comparison of the Properties of Erythromycins A and B 2"-Ethyl Succinates", 《J. MED. CHEM.》 *
ADDOLREZA HASSANZADEH ET AL.: "Determination of the stereochemistry of anhydroerythromycin A, the principal degradation product of the antibiotic erythromycin A", 《ORG. BIOMOL. CHEM.》 *
ZHILING CAO ET AL.: "A Validated RP-LC Method for the Determination of Erythromycin an Oxime and Related Substances", 《ADVANCE JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY》 *

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