CN111054196A - Ship exhaust gas desulfurization emission index control method, system and device - Google Patents
Ship exhaust gas desulfurization emission index control method, system and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111054196A CN111054196A CN201911362116.9A CN201911362116A CN111054196A CN 111054196 A CN111054196 A CN 111054196A CN 201911362116 A CN201911362116 A CN 201911362116A CN 111054196 A CN111054196 A CN 111054196A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D11/00—Control of flow ratio
- G05D11/02—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material
- G05D11/13—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D11/139—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring a value related to the quantity of the individual components and sensing at least one property of the mixture
Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system and a device for controlling ship waste gas desulfurization emission indexes, and relates to the technical field of ship waste gas desulfurization. The invention comprises the following steps: acquiring theoretical total power values and current total power values of a host machine and an auxiliary machine, and acquiring a ratio B of the current total power values to the theoretical total power values; determining the starting number of the circulating pumps according to the ratio B; the frequency Y of the circulating pump is adjusted by adopting the functional relation: y ═ gamma [ ax [ ]2+αbx+βcx+d]Wherein gamma is the contrast coefficient of sulfur content, a, b, c and d are the initial pilot coefficients, α and β are the switching coefficientsThe PID needs to be adjusted again, and the adjusting speed is very fast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship exhaust gas desulfurization, and particularly relates to a method, a system and a device for controlling ship exhaust gas desulfurization emission indexes.
Background
In order to reduce the influence of SO2 in the ship exhaust gas on the atmospheric environment, the International maritime organization IMO at 70 th conference on the marine environmental protection Commission determines that the regulations of higher sulfur content standards are implemented from 1/1 of 2020, i.e. the global sulfur content of the marine fuel should not exceed 0.5% and the European Emission Control Area (ECA) should not exceed 0.1%. There are three current approaches to fulfilling the IMO requirements for sulfur emissions: low-sulfur fuel oil, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and ship exhaust gas desulfurization technology (device). In the aspect of ship exhaust gas desulfurization technology, the main technologies which are applied in pilot scale or on actual ships at home and abroad are as follows: sea water process, mixed process (sea water + sodium hydroxide or sea water + magnesium hydroxide), magnesium-based-sea water process, etc. In terms of exhaust gas desulfurization technology, IMO specifies that the S/C ratio of the outlet exhaust gas (SO2(ppm)/CO2 (% vol)) is equivalent to the S/C ratio of fuel oil with the corresponding sulfur content, i.e., fuel oil with 0.5% sulfur content corresponds to an S/C ratio of the outlet exhaust gas of 21.7, and fuel oil with 0.1% sulfur content corresponds to an S/C ratio of the outlet exhaust gas of 4.3. The indexes of the discharged water include pH, PAH, turbidity, nitrate, etc.
In the aspect of a control system of the waste gas desulfurization technology, the current mainstream control method is to adjust by a PID control method, and the frequency of a circulating pump is fed back and adjusted by setting the S/C ratio (SO2(ppm)/CO2 (% vol)) of the flue gas discharged from the outlet of a washing tower and other waste water discharge limit values, SO that the S/C ratio and the waste water discharge value of the outlet are always lower than the set values. PID control can realize that the circulating pump frequency is adjusted along with the S/C ratio of the outlet in real time, but the time required by actual debugging is long, the fluctuation of the discharge index is obvious, and the control has certain hysteresis. When the load is changed sharply or the 0.5% emission mode is switched to the 0.1% emission mode, there is a great risk of exceeding the emission value, which may cause the shipowner to be penalized for environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method, a system and a device for controlling the emission index of ship exhaust gas desulfurization, and solves the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling emission indexes of ship exhaust gas desulfurization comprises the following steps:
acquiring theoretical total power values and current total power values of a host machine and an auxiliary machine, and acquiring a ratio B of the current total power values to the theoretical total power values;
determining the starting number of the circulating pumps according to the ratio B;
the frequency Y of the circulating pump is adjusted by adopting the functional relation:
Y＝γ[ax2+αbx+βcx+d]；
wherein gamma is a sulfur content contrast coefficient, a, b, c and d are initial flight test coefficients, and α and β are switching coefficients.
Optionally, in the case that the number of the start-up of the circulation pumps is N:
in response to 0 < B ≦ X1Percent, N value is 2;
in response to X1％＜B≤X2Percent, N value is 3;
in response to Xn-2The percentage of B is less than or equal to 100 percent, and the value of N is N.
Optionally, the value of X is obtained from an actual field pilot test result, and a value in a range of 2-5 is added on the basis of the pilot test result value.
Optionally, the starting number of the circulating pump is increased in response to the fact that a certain index of the sulfur-carbon ratio or the water quality is in a critical standard exceeding state, and if the load fluctuates in the critical standard exceeding state, the starting number of the circulating pump is increased by delaying for 80-100 seconds.
Optionally, γ is used for: the correction is made with gamma in response to a change in the sulfur content of the fuel.
Alternatively, in the case where the sulfur content is set to C for the first time and then changed to D, the function relationship is used to determine the γ value:
optionally, the values of a, b, c, d are calculated from data at the time of the initial pilot 0.5% emission requirement.
Alternatively α, β are used to control the sulphur content of the exhaust gases of the ship by assigning values which are calculated from data at the time of initial pilot 0.1% emission requirement.
A ship exhaust gas desulfurization emission index control system is loaded with any one of the methods.
A ship exhaust gas desulfurization emission index control device applies any one of the methods.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to one embodiment of the invention, the flow of the washing water is controlled by controlling the frequency of the circulating pump, so that the discharge index S/C ratio of the outlet waste gas and the discharge index of the outlet waste water under each load can meet the discharge requirement of IMO (inertial measurement of O), and the effects of stable control, energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved.
2. One embodiment of the invention has simple control implementation and rapid adjustment: the control method is very simple to realize, does not need to regulate PID, and has very high regulation speed.
3. One embodiment of the invention has more stable control and safer discharge: the control method only relates control through a specific relation, so that the variables are few, and the system operation is more stable. And a certain margin is set during fitting, so that the emission index is always within a safe limit value, and the method is safe and reliable.
4. One embodiment of the invention has wide adaptability, and the switching of different emission modes can also realize quick adjustment: because the fitting is carried out according to the data during the test navigation, the control method is suitable for ships with any ship age and various operating conditions. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the functional relation is directly switched when different emission modes (0.5% sulfur content and 0.1% sulfur content) are switched, the regulation is rapid, and the risk that the emission exceeds the standard due to the lagging of PID regulation is avoided.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a logic diagram of a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing PID tuning with tuning of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "open," "upper," "middle," "length," "inner," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced components or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components of the invention have been omitted.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a method for controlling emission indexes of ship exhaust gas desulfurization is provided, which includes the following steps:
s02: acquiring theoretical total power values and current total power values of a host machine and an auxiliary machine, and acquiring a ratio B of the current total power values to the theoretical total power values;
s04: determining the starting number of the circulating pumps according to the ratio B;
s06: according to the input quantity of the circulating pumps, the frequency of the pump is controlled below a set value by recording the power values of a main engine and an auxiliary engine under various working conditions and the frequency value of the circulating pump which meets the S/C ratio of the outlet waste gas and the discharge value of the outlet waste water under the current working condition, a special functional relation is constructed to reflect the relation between the frequency Y and the power x, and the frequency Y of the circulating pump is adjusted by adopting the functional relation:
Y＝γ[ax2+abx+βcx+d]；
where γ is a sulfur content contrast factor, which can be used to correct when the sulfur content of the fuel changes, for example, when the sulfur content is initially set to C and then changed to D, the function relationship is used to determine the value of γ:
a. and b, c and d are initial pilot coefficients, and calculation is carried out according to data of 0.5% of emission requirement of initial pilot.
α and β are switching coefficients, the sulfur content of the ship exhaust gas is controlled through assignment, namely the ship exhaust gas can be switched between a 0.1% zone and a 0.5% zone, and the value is calculated according to data when the emission requirement of 0.1% is tested in the first time.
The function is input into a PLC controller, and quick control and immediate response of relevant emission indexes of the ship exhaust gas desulfurization are realized through correlation of the function relation.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the sum of the power values of the main engine and the auxiliary engine under each operating condition is recorded: a is M.E-P + (#1A.E-P + #2A.E-P + #3A.E-P + #4 A.E-P);
wherein A is the sum of the power of the main machine and the auxiliary machine, M.E-P is the power of the main machine, A.E-P is the power of the auxiliary machine, and #1, #2, #3 and #4 represent the number of the auxiliary machine.
And then calculating B to A/theoretical total power 100 to obtain the ratio of the current power to the total power.
In one aspect of the present embodiment, in the case where the number of starts of the circulation pump is N:
in response to 0 < B ≦ X1Percent, N value is 2;
in response to X1％＜B≤X2Percent, N value is 3;
in response to Xn-2The percentage of B is less than or equal to 100 percent, and the value of N is N.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the number N of the circulation pumps used in different power ratio values is different. For example, in the case of a total of 4 circulation pumps, the following may be the case:
in response to B being more than 0 and less than or equal to X1 percent, N is 2;
in response to X1% < B ≦ X2%, N is 3;
in response to Xn-2% < B ≦ 100%, N is 4.
Wherein, X1，X2The value of (A) is obtained from the actual test flight result on site. Namely, under the power ratio B of the load, the number N of the circulating pumps can meet the actual operation requirement.
The running number N of the circulating pumps in each working condition is obtained according to an actual pilot test result.
In one aspect of the embodiment, the value of X is obtained from a field actual pilot test result, and a value in a range of 2-5 is added on the basis of the pilot test result value.
In one aspect of this embodiment, the number of the circulating pumps started is increased in response to a sulfur-carbon ratio or a certain index of water quality being in a critical exceeding state, and the increase of the number of the circulating pumps started is delayed by 80-100 seconds if the load fluctuates in the critical exceeding state.
As shown in fig. 2, PID regulation requires a certain reaction time, the regulation speed is slow and there is a significant amplitude oscillation. The adjusting scheme of the invention has quick response and can respond immediately, thereby reducing the probability of oscillation phenomenon.
One specific application of this embodiment is:
as shown in fig. 1, the waste gas enters the washing tower 3 after being cooled by the pre-spraying layer 1 at the inlet of the washing tower, reacts with the washing water sprayed by the main spraying layer 2 of the washing tower, and is discharged from the outlet at the upper part. The washing water is conveyed to the inlet of the washing tower and the inside of the washing tower through a plurality of circulating pumps 4 for spraying, and under the designed flow condition, the requirement that the ratio of the S/C ratio of the outlet waste gas and the discharge value of the outlet waste water is lower than the required value of IMO is met. The flow rate of the exhaust gas is changed according to the load change of the main and auxiliary machines, and the flow rate of the washing water is adjusted by the change of the motor frequency of the circulation pump 4. When the main machine and the auxiliary machine operate and slowly increase the load, the waste gas entering the washing tower begins to increase, the ratio of the S/C ratio of the outlet waste gas is correspondingly increased, the related indexes in the outlet waste water gradually approach the emission limit value, at the moment, the control method of the invention directly correlates and adjusts through a function method, the controller can immediately increase the frequency of the circulating pump, increase the flow of the washing water to contact with the newly-added waste gas, spray and wash in the washing tower, generate a neutralization reaction, and simultaneously dilute the concentration of the related indexes in the outlet waste water, so that the S/C ratio and the emission value of the outlet waste water are reduced; similarly, when the main machine, the auxiliary machine and the like are operated and the load is slowly reduced, the frequency of the circulating pump is correspondingly reduced through the function control, the desulfurization effect is met, and the energy-saving effect is achieved.
Example 2:
the invention is further described below with reference to practical examples. Through the function control method, adjust the motor frequency of scrubbing tower circulating pump in order to adjust washing water flow, every scrubbing tower circulating pump is done the automatically regulated return circuit respectively, adopts the function control method automatically regulated export waste gas and the emission index of waste water:
X1，X2the method comprises the following steps:
when the total load of the master and the slave slowly increases from 0 to a certain value A, B is A/theoretical total power. The frequency of 2 circulating pumps reaches 55-60Hz, sulfurWhen a certain index of carbon ratio or water quality is in a critical standard exceeding state, 2 circulating pumps cannot meet the desulfurization efficiency, a 3 rd pump needs to be put into the system, 3 pumps start to operate from the lowest load, and the frequency changes along with the load according to a function method of three pumps. In this case, B is X1% for ensuring X1% accuracy, when calculating X1% of the time, the remaining amount of the reserved points, X1And 2-5 is B. In order to prevent the pump from being started and closed due to the fluctuation of the load in the vicinity of the A value, a delay of 90 seconds is added to determine whether the 3 rd pump needs to be put in. The same can obtain the X of 4 pumps2The value is obtained.
The other coefficients are obtained by the following steps:
1. under the condition that the main engine is 25% loaded, the power of the auxiliary engine is under the normal use power (if the auxiliary engine power is high enough under the condition), the circulating pumps are manually started (the maximum number), and the power of the circulating pumps is gradually increased until the discharge indexes of the outlet waste gas and the waste water meet the discharge requirements. Recording the total power of the main engine and each auxiliary engine and the frequency of a circulating pump;
2. recording the total power of the main engine and each auxiliary engine and the frequency of the circulating pump under 40 percent, 50 percent and the maximum working condition. The actual operation number N of the circulating pump is synchronously determined in the load test, the operation number control of the circulating pump is judged according to the load, and the operation number control and the relation of the power and the frequency are respectively and independently controlled;
3. the values of a, b, c, α and β are respectively calculated by using the collected data to obtain an actual correlation formula, the formula is input into a PLC program, and the frequency of the circulating pump is adjusted according to the formula after the system is started except that the frequency of the circulating pump adopts the original fixed frequency when the sequence control is started.
Example 3:
with reference to embodiment 1, another aspect of the present invention provides a system for controlling emission index of desulfurization of exhaust gas from a ship, which is loaded with the method according to any one of embodiments 1, and specifically includes:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring theoretical total power values and current total power values of the main machine and the auxiliary machine and acquiring a ratio B of the current total power values to the theoretical total power values;
the circulating pump control unit is used for determining the starting number of the circulating pumps according to the ratio B;
a circulating pump frequency adjusting unit for adjusting the circulating pump frequency Y using the functional relationship:
Y＝γ[ax2+αbx+βcx+d]；
wherein gamma is a sulfur content contrast coefficient, a, b, c and d are initial flight test coefficients, and α and β are switching coefficients.
Example 4:
with reference to embodiment 1 and/or embodiment 3, another aspect of the present invention provides a ship exhaust gas desulfurization emission index control device to which the method according to any one of embodiment 1 or the system according to any one of embodiment 3 is applied, specifically including:
the data acquisition assembly is configured to acquire theoretical total power values and current total power values of the main machine and the auxiliary machine and acquire a ratio B of the current total power value to the theoretical total power value;
a circulation pump control component configured to determine the starting number of the circulation pumps according to the ratio B;
a circulation pump frequency adjustment component configured to adjust the circulation pump frequency Y using the functional relationship:
Y＝γ[ax2+αbx+βcx+d]；
wherein gamma is a sulfur content contrast coefficient, a, b, c and d are initial flight test coefficients, and α and β are switching coefficients.
The above embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for controlling emission indexes of ship exhaust gas desulfurization is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring theoretical total power values and current total power values of a host machine and an auxiliary machine, and acquiring a ratio B of the current total power values to the theoretical total power values;
determining the starting number of the circulating pumps according to the ratio B;
the frequency Y of the circulating pump is adjusted by adopting the function:
Y＝γ[ax2+αbx+βcx+d]；
wherein gamma is a sulfur content contrast coefficient, a, b, c and d are initial flight test coefficients, and α and β are switching coefficients.
2. The marine vessel flue gas desulfurization emission index control method according to claim 1, wherein in a case where the number of the circulation pumps that are started is N:
in response to 0 < B ≦ X1Percent, N value is 2;
in response to X1％＜B≤X2Percent, N value is 3;
in response to Xn-2The percentage of B is less than or equal to 100 percent, and the value of N is N.
3. The method for controlling the emission index of the desulfurization of the exhaust gas of the ship according to claim 2, wherein the value of X is obtained from the actual test voyage result on site, and is increased by a value in the range of 2 to 5 on the basis of the test voyage result value.
4. The method for controlling the index of emission of desulfurization of exhaust gas from ships according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of the circulating pumps started is increased in response to a certain index of sulfur-carbon ratio or water quality being in a critical exceeding state, and the increase of the number of the circulating pumps started is delayed by 80-100 seconds if the load fluctuates in the critical exceeding state.
5. A marine vessel flue gas desulfurization emission index control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein γ is used for: the correction is made with gamma in response to a change in the sulfur content of the fuel.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the function relationship is used to determine the γ value when the sulfur content is set to C for the first time and then to D for the second time:
7. a method for controlling a desulfurization emission index of exhaust gas from a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the values of a, b, c and d are calculated based on data at the time of an initial test run of 0.5% of the emission requirement.
8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein α and β are used to control the sulfur content of the exhaust gas of the ship by assigning a value calculated from data at the time of the initial test run of 0.1% emission requirement.
9. A marine vessel flue gas desulfurization emission index control system loaded with the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A device for controlling emission index of desulfurization of exhaust gas from a ship, characterized in that the device is applied with the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911362116.9A CN111054196A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Ship exhaust gas desulfurization emission index control method, system and device |
| PCT/CN2020/071284 WO2021128497A2 (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2020-01-10 | Method, system and apparatus for controlling emission index in ship exhaust desulphurization |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911362116.9A CN111054196A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Ship exhaust gas desulfurization emission index control method, system and device |
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| WO (1) | WO2021128497A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113769545A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-10 | 杭州鸿盛科技有限公司 | Ship flue gas desulfurization control method, device and system |
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| US3945904A (en) * | 1974-02-11 | 1976-03-23 | International Telephone & Telegraph Corporation | Process control system |
| CN108939893A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-12-07 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of serum recycle device and dispatching method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113769545A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-10 | 杭州鸿盛科技有限公司 | Ship flue gas desulfurization control method, device and system |
| CN113769545B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2023-09-08 | 杭州鸿盛科技有限公司 | Ship flue gas desulfurization control method, device and system |
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| WO2021128497A2 (en) | 2021-07-01 |
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