CN111053733A - Up-conversion DNA nano gel, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Up-conversion DNA nano gel, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an up-conversion DNA nanogel and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method of the up-conversion DNA nanogel comprises the following steps: and dissolving the hydrophilized up-conversion nano material into water, and dropwise adding a DNA aqueous solution under stirring or ultrasonic treatment to obtain the up-conversion DNA nanogel. The upconversion DNA nanogel is used as a carrier of an anticancer drug, and quantitative and real-time monitoring on drug release is realized by utilizing the change of relative intensity of an upconversion luminescent signal in the drug release process. The invention can solve the problems of local controllable drug delivery and high-sensitivity real-time monitoring of deep focus, realizes the integration of local drug delivery and real-time monitoring, and lays a foundation for personalized treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) material functional preparation and application, and relates to an up-conversion DNA nanogel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The national cancer statistical data issued by the national cancer center of China shows that 380.4 ten thousand new cases of malignant tumors and 229.6 ten thousand death cases occur in 2014; due to the large population base of China, the new cancer cases and cancer death cases account for a large proportion of the whole world. Cancer has become one of the serious diseases that seriously threaten the health and life of people in China.
The surgical radical operation of removing the tumor is an important effective treatment means for the cancer at present. In general, clinical surgery-based tumor diagnosis and treatment includes three aspects: tumor diagnosis, surgical treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy. Among them, surgery can only remove visible tumor lesions, but the metastatic nature of cancer cells can lead to cancer recurrence. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy has a crucial effect on the later treatment of cancer, but most of the traditional systemic chemotherapy has systemic toxic and side effects, and seriously damages the physical health of patients. Therefore, how to increase the local drug concentration of the chemotherapeutic drug and reduce the systemic toxic and side effects is an important research topic of tumor treatment.
Nanomaterials have relatively high cellular uptake rate and specific surface area, and can be subjected to surface modification through various chemical and biological conjugation reactions, so that the nanomaterials are paid more and more attention to the field of biomedicine [2 ]. Some nanoparticle systems with functionality such as liposomes, metal organic scaffolds, gold nanoparticles, etc. have been successively researched and developed. The nano-drug delivery system is driven by its potential biomedical applications in medical diagnosis and disease treatment, with inherent advantages in reducing common chemotherapy-related side effects. Despite significant advances in nano-drug delivery systems over the past decade, the pharmacokinetics of nano-carriers in biological environments have not been well understood, thus precluding their clinical use. Luminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (LRET) means that when an acceptor molecule is at a certain distance from a donor molecule and the energy difference between the vibrational energy of both the donor and acceptor ground states and the first electronic excited state are adapted to each other, the donor in the excited state will transfer some or all of the energy to the acceptor, causing the acceptor to be excited, and not involving emission and reabsorption of photons during the whole energy transfer process, providing the possibility of sensing the distance of the nano-carrier drug molecules in the drug delivery system. The existing research shows that the drug release monitoring system based on the LRET principle has the characteristics of high sensitivity, real-time performance and the like. At present, rare earth ions are doped in an inorganic compound, and due to the existence of the rare earth ions, the upconversion nanomaterial can be excited by light with short wavelength and high frequency to emit light with long wavelength and low frequency, and the process is called upconversion. At present, the upconversion nanometer material is one of the more widely studied inorganic nanometer materials in the field of drug monitoring [3 ].
At present, no upconversion DNA nanogels have been reported.
Reference documents:
1.Chen,W.,et al.,Cancer incidence and mortality in China,2014.Chin JCancer Res,2018.30(1):p.1-12.
2.Mura,S.,J.Nicolas,and P.Couvreur,Stimuli-responsive nanocarriersfor drug delivery.Nat Mater,2013.12(11):p.991-1003.
3.Li,K.,et al.,Ratiometric Monitoring of Intracellular Drug Releaseby an Upconversion Drug Delivery Nanosystem.ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2015.7(22):p.12278-86.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an up-conversion DNA nanogel.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the up-conversion DNA nanogel.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the up-conversion DNA nanogel in preparing a carrier of an anti-cancer drug.
The technical scheme of the invention is summarized as follows:
a preparation method of up-conversion DNA nanogel comprises the following steps: and dissolving the hydrophilized up-conversion nano material into water, and dropwise adding a DNA aqueous solution under stirring or ultrasonic treatment to obtain the up-conversion DNA nanogel.
The up-conversion nano material subjected to hydrophilization treatment is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding 0.7-0.99mmol of yttrium chloride hexahydrate (YCl) into a reaction vessel3·6H2O), 0.002-0.05mmol hexahydrateErbium chloride (ErCl)3·6H2O) and 0.008-0.25mmol ytterbium chloride hexahydrate (YbCl)3·6H2O), 10mL of Oleic Acid (OA) and 15mL of 1-Octadecene (ODE), degassing and removing impurities for 1 hour at 500rpm and 130 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain a reaction solution I;
(2) dissolving 100mg of sodium hydroxide and 148mg of ammonium fluoride in 8mL of methanol, adding the solution into a reaction solution I cooled to 50 ℃, and degassing at 500rpm and 50 ℃ under a vacuum condition to remove methanol for 1 hour; filling nitrogen into the reaction container, maintaining the anaerobic condition, and reacting at 500rpm and 295 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution II; cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging at 6000rpm to obtain precipitate as the up-conversion nanometer material;
(3) adding 0.25g of upconversion nanometer material into 10mL of 0.1M HCl aqueous solution, stirring at 1000rpm for 24 hours, removing oleic acid floating on the liquid surface, centrifuging at 18000rpm to obtain precipitate, and centrifuging and cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain the upconversion nanometer material with the surface subjected to hydrophilic treatment.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the hydrophilized up-conversion nanomaterial to DNA is 1: 2000-0.01.
The mass ratio of the hydrophilized up-conversion nanomaterial to DNA is preferably 1: 100.
the DNA is an arbitrary sequence.
The upconversion DNA nanogel prepared by the method.
The use of the up-conversion DNA nanogel in the preparation of anticancer drug carriers.
The invention has the advantages that: the upconversion DNA nanogel is used as a carrier of an anticancer drug, and quantitative and real-time monitoring on drug release is realized by utilizing the change of relative intensity of an upconversion luminescent signal in the drug release process. The invention can solve the problems of local controllable drug delivery and high-sensitivity real-time monitoring of deep focus, realizes the integration of local drug delivery and real-time monitoring, and lays a foundation for personalized treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of an upconverting DNA nanogel (prepared in example 4) dispersed in water.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of characterizing the sizes of the hydrophilized-treated upconverted nanomaterial (prepared in example 1) and upconverted DNA nanogel (prepared in example 4) using dynamic light scattering.
FIG. 3 is a fluorescence spectrum of an upconverted DNA nanogel (prepared in example 4) and an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of doxorubicin DOX.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of fluorescence spectrum of up-converted DNA nanogels (prepared in example 4) according to the loading amount of DOX.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the decrease in fluorescence intensity of upconverted DNA nanogels with increasing loading of DOX in the upconverted DNA nanogel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following specific examples. The following examples are intended to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.
Example 1
The up-conversion nano material subjected to hydrophilization treatment is prepared by the following method:
(1) in a reaction vessel, 0.7mmol of yttrium chloride hexahydrate (YCl) was added3·6H2O), 0.05mmol erbium chloride hexahydrate (ErCl)3·6H2O) and 0.25mmol of ytterbium chloride hexahydrate (YbCl)3·6H2O), 10mL of Oleic Acid (OA) and 15mL of 1-Octadecene (ODE), degassing and removing impurities for 1 hour at 500rpm and 130 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain a reaction solution I;
(2) dissolving 100mg of sodium hydroxide and 148mg of ammonium fluoride in 8mL of methanol, adding the solution into a reaction solution I cooled to 50 ℃, and degassing at 500rpm and 50 ℃ under a vacuum condition to remove methanol for 1 hour; filling nitrogen into the reaction container, maintaining the anaerobic condition, and reacting at 500rpm and 295 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution II; cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging at 6000rpm to obtain precipitate as the up-conversion nanometer material; (Li, K., et al., Ratiometric Monitoring of Intracellular Drug Delivery nanosystem. ACS application Mater Interfaces,2015.7(22): p.12278-86.)
(3) Adding 0.25g of upconversion nanometer material into 10mL of 0.1M HCl aqueous solution, stirring at 1000rpm for 24 hours, removing oleic acid floating on the liquid surface, centrifuging at 18000rpm to obtain precipitate, and centrifugally cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol for 4 times to obtain the upconversion nanometer material with the surface subjected to hydrophilization treatment.
Example 2
The up-conversion nano material subjected to hydrophilization treatment is prepared by the following method:
(1) in a reaction vessel, 0.8mmol of yttrium chloride hexahydrate (YCl) was added3·6H2O), 0.05mmol erbium chloride hexahydrate (ErCl)3·6H2O) and 0.15mmol of ytterbium chloride hexahydrate (YbCl)3·6H2O), 10mL of Oleic Acid (OA) and 15mL of 1-Octadecene (ODE), degassing and removing impurities for 1 hour at 500rpm and 130 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain a reaction solution I;
(2) dissolving 100mg of sodium hydroxide and 148mg of ammonium fluoride in 8mL of methanol, adding the solution into a reaction solution I cooled to 50 ℃, and degassing at 500rpm and 50 ℃ under a vacuum condition to remove methanol for 1 hour; filling nitrogen into the reaction container, maintaining the anaerobic condition, and reacting at 500rpm and 295 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution II; cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging at 6000rpm to obtain precipitate as the up-conversion nanometer material;
(3) adding 0.25g of upconversion nanometer material into 10mL of 0.1M HCl aqueous solution, stirring at 1000rpm for 24 hours, removing oleic acid floating on the liquid surface, centrifuging at 18000rpm to obtain precipitate, and centrifugally cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol for 4 times to obtain the upconversion nanometer material with the surface subjected to hydrophilization treatment.
Example 3
Preparation of hydrophilized up-conversion nanomaterial:
(1) in a reaction vessel, 0.99mmol of yttrium chloride hexahydrate (YCl) was added3·6H2O), 0.002mmol erbium chloride hexahydrate (ErCl)3·6H2O) and 0.008mmol ytterbium chloride hexahydrate (YbCl)3·6H2O), 10mL of Oleic Acid (OA) and 15mL of 1-Octadecene (ODE), degassing and removing impurities for 1 hour at 500rpm and 130 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain a reaction solution I;
(2) dissolving 100mg of sodium hydroxide and 148mg of ammonium fluoride in 8mL of methanol, adding the solution into a reaction solution I cooled to 50 ℃, and degassing at 500rpm and 50 ℃ under a vacuum condition to remove methanol for 1 hour; filling nitrogen into the reaction container, maintaining the anaerobic condition, and reacting at 500rpm and 295 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution II; cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging at 6000rpm to obtain precipitate as the up-conversion nanometer material;
(3) adding 0.25g of upconversion nanometer material into 10mL of 0.1M HCl aqueous solution, stirring at 1000rpm for 24 hours, removing oleic acid floating on the liquid surface, centrifuging at 18000rpm to obtain precipitate, and centrifugally cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol for 4 times to obtain the upconversion nanometer material with the surface subjected to hydrophilization treatment.
Example 4
A preparation method of up-conversion DNA nanogel comprises the following steps:
dissolving 0.02mg of the hydrophilized upconverting nanomaterial (prepared in example 1) in 1mL of ultrapure water to obtain an aqueous solution of the upconverting nanomaterial;
1mL of the aqueous solution of the upconverting nanomaterial was added dropwise to 1mL of the aqueous solution of DNA (sample one) having a concentration of 2g/L with stirring at 1000rpm using a magnetic stirrer, and stirred for 4 hours, thereby obtaining an upconverting DNA nanogel (see FIG. 1).
The base sequence of the DNA sample I is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1.
The mass ratio of the up-conversion nanomaterial to DNA was 1: 100.
example 5
A preparation method of up-conversion DNA nanogel comprises the following steps:
dissolving 0.01mg of the hydrophilized upconverting nanomaterial (prepared in example 2) in 1mL of ultrapure water to obtain an aqueous solution of the upconverting nanomaterial;
1mL of the aqueous solution of the up-conversion nanomaterial was added dropwise to 1mL of the aqueous solution of DNA (sample II) with a concentration of 0.1mg/L with stirring at 1000rpm using a magnetic stirrer, and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours to obtain an up-conversion DNA nanogel.
The base sequence of the DNA sample II is shown as SEQ ID NO. 2.
The mass ratio of the up-conversion nanomaterial to DNA was 1: 0.01.
example 6
A preparation method of up-conversion DNA nanogel comprises the following steps:
0.02mg of the hydrophilized upconverting nanomaterial (prepared in example 3) was dissolved in 1mL of ultrapure water to obtain an aqueous solution of the upconverting nanomaterial.
And taking 1mL of the aqueous solution of the up-conversion nano material, dropwise adding 1mL of the aqueous solution of the DNA sample III with the concentration of 40g/L under ultrasonic treatment, and stirring for 4 hours to obtain the up-conversion DNA nanogel.
The base sequence of the DNA sample III is shown as SEQ ID NO. 3.
The mass ratio of the up-conversion nanomaterial to DNA was 1: 2000.
the phosphate group of the DNA molecule and the rare earth element in the up-conversion nano material have strong interaction, so that the DNA molecule is ensured to be coated on the surface of the up-conversion nano material.
The size of the obtained upconversion DNA nanogel is related to the size of the hydrophilization treated upconversion nanomaterial and the relative content of the added DNA.
TABLE 1 base sequence of DNA samples
Example 7
The following experiments were performed by taking the upconverting DNA nanogel prepared in example 4 and the hydrophilized upconverting nanomaterial prepared in example 1 as examples.
1. The dimensions of the upconversion DNA nanogels and hydrophilically treated upconversion nanomaterials were characterized using dynamic light scattering. From the experimental results shown in fig. 2, it is clear that the size of the upconverting DNA nanogel after DNA encapsulation is concentrated around 200nm, which is significantly larger than that of the upconverting nanomaterial subjected to hydrophilization treatment.
2. The fluorescence emission spectrum of the up-conversion DNA nanogel is obtained by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer, and the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the anticancer drug adriamycin (DOX) is obtained by using a microplate reader. From the experimental results shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that the two doped rare earth elements ytterbium and erbium cause the upconversion DNA nanogel to emit in the fluorescence spectrumExhibiting an upconversion green emission peak (UCL)G510 to 560nm) and up-converted red emission peak (UCL)R630 to 680 nm); from the experimental results shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that the absorption peak of DOX overlaps with the green emission peak of the upconversion DNA nanogel, demonstrating that the conditions for luminescence resonance energy transfer are satisfied between the two.
3. Adding DOX with different concentrations into the aqueous solution dispersed with the up-conversion DNA nanogel, and oscillating for 12 hours in a dark place to load the DOX on DNA molecules; separating the up-conversion DNA nanogel at the rotating speed of 5000rpm, and measuring the concentration of residual DOX in the supernatant by using an enzyme-labeling instrument so as to calculate the mass ratio of the DOX to the up-conversion DNA nanogel; dispersing the separated up-conversion DNA nanogel by ultrapure water, measuring fluorescence emission spectra under different loading rates by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer, and obtaining the corresponding up-conversion green light peak value to red light peak value ratio (UCL)G/UCLR) So as to draw DOX/nanogel and UCLG/UCLRThe standard curve of (2), as shown in fig. 4; the fluorescence spectra of the up-conversion DNA nanogels with different DOX loading amounts are normalized with the up-conversion red light emission peak as the reference, and a graph 5 is drawn. As can be seen from the experimental results shown in FIG. 5, UCL of the upconversion DNA nanogel increases with the DOX loadingG/UCLRThere is a linear decrease demonstrating the possibility of this material as a monitoring DOX release.
Sequence listing
<110> Tianjin university
<120> upconversion DNA nanogel, preparation method and application
<160>3
<170>SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210>1
<211>100
<212>DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)
<400>1
tcgtttgatg ttcctaacgt accaacgcac acgcagaatt ctggactggt aaaagctttc 60
cgaggtagcc tggagcatag aggcattggc tgaaagcttc 100
<210>2
<211>20
<212>DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)
<400>2
cgcagaattc tggactggta 20
<210>3
<211>224
<212>DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)
<400>3
tcgtttgatg ttcctaacgt acctaacgca cagcgcagta cgtacacgta ccaacgcaca 60
cgcagtacgt accaacgcag cacgcagtac gtacctaacg cacagcgcag tacgtacacg 120
taccacacgc agagaattct ggactggtaa aagctttacg taccaacgca ttatggactg 180
gtaaaagctt tccgaggtag cctggagcat agaggcattg gctg 224
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of up-conversion DNA nanogel is characterized by comprising the following steps: and dissolving the hydrophilized up-conversion nano material into water, and dropwise adding a DNA aqueous solution under stirring or ultrasonic treatment to obtain the up-conversion DNA nanogel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrophilized upconverting nanomaterial is produced by:
(1) adding 0.7-0.99mmol of yttrium chloride hexahydrate, 0.002-0.05mmol of erbium chloride hexahydrate, 0.008-0.25mmol of ytterbium chloride hexahydrate, 10mL of oleic acid and 15mL of 1-octadecene into a reaction vessel, degassing at 500rpm and 130 ℃ under vacuum conditions for 1 hour to remove impurities, and obtaining a reaction solution I;
(2) dissolving 100mg of sodium hydroxide and 148mg of ammonium fluoride in 8mL of methanol, adding the solution into a reaction solution I cooled to 50 ℃, and degassing at 500rpm and 50 ℃ under a vacuum condition to remove methanol for 1 hour; filling nitrogen into the reaction container, maintaining the anaerobic condition, and reacting at 500rpm and 295 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution II; cooling to room temperature, and centrifuging at 6000rpm to obtain precipitate as the up-conversion nanometer material;
(3) adding 0.25g of upconversion nanometer material into 10mL of 0.1M HCl aqueous solution, stirring at 1000rpm for 24 hours, removing oleic acid floating on the liquid surface, centrifuging at 18000rpm to obtain precipitate, and centrifuging and cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain the upconversion nanometer material with the surface subjected to hydrophilic treatment.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrophilized upconverting nanomaterial to DNA is 1: 2000-0.01.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrophilized upconverting nanomaterial to DNA is 1: 100.
5. the method according to claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein the DNA is of any sequence.
6. An upconverting DNA nanogel prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Use of the up-converted DNA nanogel of claim 6 for the preparation of a carrier for anticancer drugs.
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