CN111049499A - Ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control attenuation circuit - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control attenuation circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN111049499A CN111049499A CN201911161326.1A CN201911161326A CN111049499A CN 111049499 A CN111049499 A CN 111049499A CN 201911161326 A CN201911161326 A CN 201911161326A CN 111049499 A CN111049499 A CN 111049499A
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- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control circuit. The circuit comprises an ultra-wideband coupling network, a direct path, a first large attenuation calibration circuit, a second large attenuation calibration circuit, an attenuation change-over switch and a control circuit; the circuit divides three paths of signals by using a coupling network, wherein the first path of signal passes through a direct path and then is connected to a decrement change-over switch, and the decrement is very small; the second path of signals passes through the first large attenuation calibration circuit and then is connected to the attenuation quantity change-over switch, and the attenuation quantity is the sum of the coupling degree of the first-stage radio frequency coupler and the attenuation value of the first large attenuation calibration circuit; and the third signal is connected to the attenuation quantity change-over switch after passing through the second large attenuation quantity calibration circuit, the attenuation quantity is the sum of the attenuation values of the second large attenuation quantity calibration circuit after the coupling degrees of the two-stage radio frequency coupler are superposed, and the dynamic switching of the three attenuation values is realized by controlling the attenuation quantity change-over switch. The invention has the advantages of wide working frequency range, low insertion loss, large attenuation and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to an ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control attenuation circuit.
Background
With the rapid development of the fields of electronic reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures and the like, the requirement of an electronic warfare system on the anti-interference capability of a radar under a complex environment is higher and higher. In an electronic warfare system, an attenuator can effectively reduce interference from the outside: when the system works normally, the attenuator is not started; when strong interference appears outside, the system is easy to overload, so that the system cannot work normally, and the system immediately starts the attenuator to attenuate the outside interference to the minimum, so as to enhance the survival capability of the system in the harsh battlefield environment. The attenuator is generally divided into a fixed attenuator, an analog attenuator and a digital controlled attenuator, wherein the attenuation of the fixed attenuator is a fixed value, and the attenuation cannot be flexibly changed; the analog attenuator can realize continuous change of attenuation amount, but has poor matching characteristic; the numerical control attenuator controls the attenuation amount by discrete attenuation steps, has good flexibility and matching performance, but has larger straight-through insertion loss and poorer attenuation precision when the attenuation amount is large, and the sensitivity index of the system is deteriorated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation-quantity controllable attenuation circuit with ultra-wideband, low insertion loss and high precision.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control circuit comprises an ultra-wideband coupling network, a direct path, a first large-attenuation calibration circuit, a second large-attenuation calibration circuit, an attenuation change-over switch and a control circuit, wherein the ultra-wideband coupling network comprises a first-stage radio frequency coupler and a second-stage radio frequency coupler which are sequentially connected, the first large-attenuation calibration circuit comprises a first low-noise amplifier and a first voltage-controlled attenuator which are sequentially connected, and the second large-attenuation calibration circuit comprises a second low-noise amplifier and a second voltage-controlled attenuator which are sequentially connected;
the output port of the first-stage radio frequency coupler is sequentially connected with the direct path and the attenuation quantity change-over switch; the coupling port of the first-stage radio frequency coupler is connected with the input end of the second-stage radio frequency coupler; the output port of the second-stage radio frequency coupler is sequentially connected with the first large attenuation calibration circuit and the attenuation change-over switch; the coupling port of the second-stage radio frequency coupler is sequentially connected with the second large attenuation calibration circuit and the attenuation change-over switch; the control circuit is connected with the first voltage-controlled attenuator, the second voltage-controlled attenuator and the attenuation quantity switch;
the radio frequency signal respectively passes through the first-stage radio frequency coupler and the straight-through path and then enters the attenuation quantity switch; when the radio frequency signal passes through the first-stage radio frequency coupler, a first coupling radio frequency signal S1 is generated by a coupling port, and the first coupling radio frequency signal S1 enters the attenuation quantity change-over switch after passing through the first large attenuation quantity calibration circuit; when the first coupling radio-frequency signal S1 passes through the second-stage radio-frequency coupler, a coupling port generates a second coupling radio-frequency signal S2, and the second coupling radio-frequency signal S2 enters the attenuation quantity change-over switch after passing through the second large-attenuation-quantity calibration circuit;
the control circuit controls the attenuation quantity switch to freely switch three paths of signals, thereby realizing the switching of different attenuation quantities.
Further, the digital control circuit is attenuated to above-mentioned low big decrement of inserting of ultra wide band still includes the shielding box body, the shielding box body is provided with upper cavity and lower floor's cavity, ultra wide band coupling network, direct path, first big decrement calibration circuit, the big decrement calibration circuit of second, decrement change over switch place in the upper cavity, control circuit sets up in lower floor's cavity.
Furthermore, the straight path adopts a microstrip line matched with 50 ohms.
Furthermore, the first-stage radio frequency coupler and the second-stage radio frequency coupler both adopt a multi-section coupling structure.
Further, the first-stage radio frequency coupler and the second-stage radio frequency coupler are integrated on an MMIC chip of the GaAs process.
Furthermore, the first low noise amplifier and the first voltage-controlled attenuator are an integrated multifunctional chip 1; the second low noise amplifier and the second voltage-controlled attenuator are integrated multifunctional chips 2; the multifunctional chip 1 and the multifunctional chip 2 are MMIC chips of GaAs process.
Furthermore, the control circuit respectively adjusts the attenuation amounts of the first voltage-controlled attenuator and the second voltage-controlled attenuator, so as to adjust the attenuation amounts of the first large attenuation amount calibration circuit and the second large attenuation amount calibration circuit, and obtain various attenuation amount combinations.
Furthermore, the attenuation quantity change-over switch adopts a single-pole three-throw absorption switch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: (1) the coupling network with a multi-section coupling structure is adopted, so that the working frequency range is wide; (2) when the circuit is switched to a non-attenuation state, the insertion loss is very low, and the sensitivity index of the system is ensured; when the circuit is switched to a large attenuation state, not only the attenuation precision is high, but also the attenuation can be flexibly changed; (3) the integrated multifunctional chip is adopted, so that the machining precision is high, and the parasitic effect is small; (4) the circuit has the characteristics of small volume, stable performance and high index consistency, and is suitable for various microwave systems such as radars, electronic reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation digital control circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage coupling structure of a first stage rf coupler and a second stage rf coupler according to the present invention.
Reference numeral in the figure, 1 a first stage radio frequency coupler; 2 a second stage radio frequency coupler; 3 a straight path; 4 a first low noise amplifier; 5 a first voltage controlled attenuator; 6 a second low noise amplifier; 7 a second voltage controlled attenuator; 8 a control circuit; 9 attenuation amount changeover switch.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control circuit, which comprises an ultra-wideband coupling network, a direct path, a first large-attenuation calibration circuit, a second large-attenuation calibration circuit, an attenuation change-over switch and a control circuit, wherein the ultra-wideband coupling network comprises a first-stage radio frequency coupler and a second-stage radio frequency coupler which are sequentially connected, the first large-attenuation calibration circuit comprises a first low-noise amplifier and a first voltage-controlled attenuator which are sequentially connected, and the second large-attenuation calibration circuit comprises a second low-noise amplifier and a second voltage-controlled attenuator which are sequentially connected;
the output port of the first-stage radio frequency coupler is sequentially connected with the direct path and the attenuation quantity change-over switch; the coupling port of the first-stage radio frequency coupler is connected with the input end of the second-stage radio frequency coupler; the output port of the second-stage radio frequency coupler is sequentially connected with the first large attenuation calibration circuit and the attenuation change-over switch; the coupling port of the second-stage radio frequency coupler is sequentially connected with the second large attenuation calibration circuit and the attenuation change-over switch; the control circuit is connected with the first voltage-controlled attenuator, the second voltage-controlled attenuator and the attenuation quantity switch;
the radio frequency signal respectively passes through the first-stage radio frequency coupler and the straight-through path and then enters the attenuation quantity switch; when the radio frequency signal passes through the first-stage radio frequency coupler, a first coupling radio frequency signal S1 is generated by a coupling port, and the first coupling radio frequency signal S1 enters the attenuation quantity change-over switch after passing through the first large attenuation quantity calibration circuit; when the first coupling radio-frequency signal S1 passes through the second-stage radio-frequency coupler, a coupling port generates a second coupling radio-frequency signal S2, and the second coupling radio-frequency signal S2 enters the attenuation quantity change-over switch after passing through the second large-attenuation-quantity calibration circuit;
the control circuit controls the attenuation quantity switch to freely switch three paths of signals, thereby realizing the switching of different attenuation quantities.
Further, the digital control circuit is attenuated to above-mentioned low big decrement of inserting of ultra wide band still includes the shielding box body, the shielding box body is provided with upper cavity and lower floor's cavity, ultra wide band coupling network, direct path, first big decrement calibration circuit, the big decrement calibration circuit of second, decrement change over switch place in the upper cavity, control circuit sets up in lower floor's cavity.
Furthermore, the straight path adopts a microstrip line matched with 50 ohms.
Furthermore, the first-stage radio frequency coupler and the second-stage radio frequency coupler both adopt a multi-section coupling structure.
Further, the first-stage radio frequency coupler and the second-stage radio frequency coupler are integrated on an MMIC chip of the GaAs process.
Furthermore, the first low noise amplifier and the first voltage-controlled attenuator are an integrated multifunctional chip 1; the second low noise amplifier and the second voltage-controlled attenuator are integrated multifunctional chips 2; the multifunctional chip 1 and the multifunctional chip 2 are MMIC chips of GaAs process.
Furthermore, the control circuit respectively adjusts the attenuation amounts of the first voltage-controlled attenuator and the second voltage-controlled attenuator, so as to adjust the attenuation amounts of the first large attenuation amount calibration circuit and the second large attenuation amount calibration circuit, and obtain various attenuation amount combinations.
Furthermore, the attenuation quantity change-over switch adopts a single-pole three-throw absorption switch.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation digital control circuit of the present invention includes an ultra-wideband coupling network, a direct path, a first large-attenuation calibration circuit, a second large-attenuation calibration circuit, an attenuation switcher, and a control circuit, where the ultra-wideband coupling network includes a first-stage rf coupler 1 and a second-stage rf coupler 2 that are connected in sequence, the first large-attenuation calibration circuit includes a first low-noise amplifier 4 and a first voltage-controlled attenuator 5 that are connected in sequence, and the second large-attenuation calibration circuit includes a second low-noise amplifier 6 and a second voltage-controlled attenuator 7 that are connected in sequence;
the output port of the first-stage radio frequency coupler 1 is sequentially connected with the through path 3 and the attenuation quantity change-over switch 9; the coupling port of the first-stage radio frequency coupler 1 is connected with the input end of the second-stage radio frequency coupler 2; the output port of the second-stage radio frequency coupler 2 is sequentially connected with the first large attenuation calibration circuit and the attenuation change-over switch 9; the coupling port of the second-stage radio frequency coupler 2 is sequentially connected with a second large attenuation calibration circuit and an attenuation change-over switch 9; the control circuit 8 is connected with the first voltage-controlled attenuator 5, the second voltage-controlled attenuator 7 and the attenuation amount switch 9;
the radio frequency signal respectively passes through the first-stage radio frequency coupler 1 and the straight path 3 and then enters the attenuation quantity change-over switch 9; when the radio frequency signal passes through the first-stage radio frequency coupler 1, a first coupling radio frequency signal S1 is generated by a coupling port, and the first coupling radio frequency signal S1 enters the attenuation quantity change-over switch 9 after passing through the first large attenuation quantity calibration circuit; when the first coupled rf signal S1 passes through the second stage rf coupler 2, a second coupled rf signal S2 is generated from the coupled port, and the second coupled rf signal S2 enters the attenuation amount switch 9 after passing through the second large attenuation amount calibration circuit;
the control circuit 8 can control the attenuation amount switch 9 to freely switch three paths of signals, thereby realizing the switching of different attenuation amounts.
The big decrement decay numerical control circuit of low insertion loss of ultra wide band still include the shielding box body, the shielding box body is provided with upper cavity and lower floor's cavity, ultra wide band coupling network, direct path 3, first big decrement calibration circuit, the big decrement calibration circuit of second, decrement change over switch 9 place in the upper cavity, control circuit 8 places in the lower cavity.
The attenuation P1 of the straight path 3 is very small and almost zero;
the attenuation P2 of the first large attenuation circuit is the sum of the coupling degree of the first-stage radio frequency coupler 1 and the attenuation value of the first large attenuation calibration circuit;
the attenuation P3 of the second large attenuation circuit is the sum of the attenuation of the second large attenuation calibration circuit after the coupling degree of the two-stage radio frequency coupler is superposed;
by controlling the attenuation amount changeover switch 9 by the control circuit 8, three attenuation states can be realized: the amounts of attenuation P1, P2 and P3 are dynamically switched.
As a specific example, the through path 3 employs a 50 ohm matched microstrip line, thereby realizing a low insertion loss design.
As a specific example, as shown in fig. 2, the first-stage rf coupler 1 and the second-stage rf coupler 2 both adopt a multi-section coupling structure, which greatly expands the operating bandwidth and implements an ultra-wideband design.
As a specific example, the first-stage radio frequency coupler 1 and the second-stage radio frequency coupler 2 are integrated on an MMIC chip of a GaAs process, parasitic effect is reduced, coupling flatness of the couplers is improved, high-precision design of coupling degree is guaranteed, and high-precision design of large attenuation is achieved because large attenuation and coupling degree of a circuit are directly related.
As a specific example, the first low noise amplifier 4 and the first voltage-controlled attenuator 5 are integrated multifunctional chips 1; the second low noise amplifier 6 and the second voltage-controlled attenuator 7 are integrated multifunctional chips 2, and the multifunctional chip 1 and the multifunctional chip 2 are MMIC chips of GaAs technology.
As a specific example, the control circuit 8 may adjust the attenuation amounts of the first voltage-controlled attenuator 5 and the second voltage-controlled attenuator 7, respectively, so that the attenuation amounts of the first large attenuation amount calibration circuit and the second large attenuation amount calibration circuit may be flexibly changed, thereby implementing a flexible combination of multiple large attenuation amounts.
As a specific example, the attenuation amount switch 9 employs a single-pole, three-throw absorption switch with fast switching speed, high isolation and small insertion loss, which not only increases the attenuation state switching speed, but also reduces the influence of signal crosstalk between channels.
The working mode of the ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss high-precision large-attenuation numerical control attenuation circuit is as follows: three paths of signals are separated by using a coupling network, the first path of signal passes through a direct path 3 and then is connected to a decrement change-over switch 9, and the insertion loss of the path is small; the second path of signal is connected to the attenuation change-over switch 9 after passing through the first large attenuation calibration circuit, and the attenuation of the path is the value obtained by adding the coupling degree of the first-stage radio frequency coupler 1 and the attenuation value of the first large attenuation calibration circuit; the third signal passes through the second large attenuation calibration circuit and then is connected to the attenuation change-over switch 9, and the attenuation of the third signal is obtained by adding the coupling degrees of the two-stage coupler and the attenuation value of the second large attenuation calibration circuit. The control circuit 8 can control the attenuation amount switch 9 to dynamically switch three paths of signals, so as to complete the switching of attenuation values, and can respectively adjust the attenuation amounts of the first voltage-controlled attenuator 5 and the second voltage-controlled attenuator 7, so that the attenuation amounts of the first large attenuation amount calibration circuit and the second large attenuation amount calibration circuit can be flexibly changed, and the flexible combination of various large attenuation amounts is realized.
In summary, the coupling network with a multi-section coupling structure is adopted in the invention, so that the working frequency range is wide; when the circuit is switched to a direct path, the insertion loss is very small, and the sensitivity index of the system is ensured; when the circuit is switched to a large attenuation state, not only the attenuation precision is high, but also the attenuation can be flexibly changed; an integrated multifunctional chip is adopted in the circuit, so that the circuit has the characteristics of high precision and small parasitic effect; the circuit has the characteristics of small volume, stable performance and high index consistency, and is suitable for various microwave systems such as radars, electronic reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures and the like.
Claims (8)
1. The ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control circuit is characterized by comprising an ultra-wideband coupling network, a direct path (3), a first large-attenuation calibration circuit, a second large-attenuation calibration circuit, an attenuation change-over switch (9) and a control circuit (8), wherein the ultra-wideband coupling network comprises a first-stage radio frequency coupler (1) and a second-stage radio frequency coupler (2) which are sequentially connected, the first large-attenuation calibration circuit comprises a first low-noise amplifier (4) and a first voltage-controlled attenuator (5) which are sequentially connected, and the second large-attenuation calibration circuit comprises a second low-noise amplifier (6) and a second voltage-controlled attenuator (7) which are sequentially connected;
the output port of the first-stage radio frequency coupler (1) is sequentially connected with the direct path (3) and the attenuation quantity switch (9); the coupling port of the first-stage radio frequency coupler (1) is connected with the input end of the second-stage radio frequency coupler (2); the output port of the second-stage radio frequency coupler (2) is sequentially connected with the first large attenuation calibration circuit and the attenuation change-over switch (9); the coupling port of the second-stage radio frequency coupler (2) is sequentially connected with a second large attenuation calibration circuit and an attenuation change-over switch (9); the control circuit (8) is connected with the first voltage-controlled attenuator (5), the second voltage-controlled attenuator (7) and the attenuation quantity switch (9);
the radio frequency signal respectively passes through the first-stage radio frequency coupler (1) and the straight path (3) and then enters the attenuation quantity switch (9); when the radio frequency signal passes through the first-stage radio frequency coupler (1), a coupling port generates a first coupling radio frequency signal S1, and the first coupling radio frequency signal S1 enters an attenuation quantity switch (9) after passing through a first large attenuation quantity calibration circuit; when the first coupling radio frequency signal S1 passes through the second-stage radio frequency coupler (2), a coupling port generates a second coupling radio frequency signal S2, and the second coupling radio frequency signal S2 enters an attenuation quantity switch (9) after passing through a second large attenuation quantity calibration circuit;
the control circuit (8) controls the attenuation quantity switch (9) to freely switch three paths of signals, thereby realizing the switching of different attenuation quantities.
2. The digital control circuit for attenuation of ultra wide band low insertion loss large attenuation amount of claim 1, further comprising a shielding box body, wherein the shielding box body is provided with an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the ultra wide band coupling network, the straight path (3), the first large attenuation amount calibration circuit, the second large attenuation amount calibration circuit and the attenuation amount switch (9) are placed in the upper cavity, and the control circuit (8) is arranged in the lower cavity.
3. The digital control circuit for attenuation of ultra-wideband low insertion loss large attenuation amount according to claim 1, characterized in that the through path (3) is a 50 ohm matched microstrip line.
4. The digital control circuit for attenuation of ultra-wideband low insertion loss large attenuation amount according to claim 1, wherein the first stage radio frequency coupler (1) and the second stage radio frequency coupler (2) both adopt a multi-section coupling structure.
5. The digital control circuit for attenuation of ultra-wideband low insertion loss large attenuation amount according to claim 1, characterized in that the first stage radio frequency coupler (1) and the second stage radio frequency coupler (2) are integrated on an MMIC chip of GaAs process.
6. The digital control circuit for attenuation of ultra-wideband low insertion loss large attenuation amount according to claim 1, characterized in that the first low noise amplifier (4) and the first voltage-controlled attenuator (5) are an integrated multifunctional chip 1; the second low noise amplifier (6) and the second voltage-controlled attenuator (7) are integrated multifunctional chips 2; the multifunctional chip 1 and the multifunctional chip 2 are MMIC chips of GaAs process.
7. The digital attenuation control circuit for ultra wide band low insertion loss large attenuation of claim 1, characterized in that the control circuit (8) adjusts the attenuation of the first voltage controlled attenuator (5) and the second voltage controlled attenuator (7) respectively, thereby adjusting the attenuation of the first large attenuation calibration circuit and the second large attenuation calibration circuit to obtain various attenuation combinations.
8. The digital control circuit for attenuation of ultra-wideband low insertion loss large attenuation of claim 1, wherein the attenuation switch (9) is a single-pole-three-throw absorption switch.
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| CN201911161326.1A CN111049499A (en) | 2019-11-24 | 2019-11-24 | Ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control attenuation circuit |
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| CN201911161326.1A CN111049499A (en) | 2019-11-24 | 2019-11-24 | Ultra-wideband low-insertion-loss large-attenuation numerical control attenuation circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113938146A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-01-14 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | High integrated ultra-low noise tile formula receiving component of Ka frequency channel |
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