CN111048800A - Bipolar plate, preparation method thereof and fuel cell - Google Patents

Bipolar plate, preparation method thereof and fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111048800A
CN111048800A CN201911377900.7A CN201911377900A CN111048800A CN 111048800 A CN111048800 A CN 111048800A CN 201911377900 A CN201911377900 A CN 201911377900A CN 111048800 A CN111048800 A CN 111048800A
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carbon fiber
bipolar plate
conductive material
adhesive resin
flow channel
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冯翌
袁蕴超
沈润
祝传贺
王海峰
王利生
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Fengyuan Xinchuang Technology Beijing Co ltd
Zhejiang Fengyuan Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
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Fengyuan Xinchuang Technology Beijing Co ltd
Zhejiang Fengyuan Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a bipolar plate, a preparation method thereof and a fuel cell, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The main technical scheme adopted is as follows: the bipolar plate comprises a multi-layer carbon fiber structure and a binder layer; wherein any two adjacent carbon fiber structures are connected through an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer comprises a conductive material and an adhesive resin, and the mass ratio of the conductive material to the adhesive resin is (1-3): 50. The invention is mainly used for enhancing the strength of the bipolar plate on the basis of ensuring the conductivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate, and increases the practical application prospect for the safe use of the fuel cell.

Description

Bipolar plate, preparation method thereof and fuel cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a bipolar plate, a preparation method thereof and a fuel cell.
Background
A fuel cell (PEMFC) is a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy in a fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy through an electrocatalytic reaction at electrodes.
The bipolar plate is an important component in the fuel cell stack; the quality of the bipolar plate directly affects the power generation performance of the fuel cell. In the fuel cell, the bipolar plate occupies a relatively high cost, and generally occupies 60 to 70 percent of the cost of the fuel cell. The ideal bipolar plate should be a good conductor of electricity and heat, and has the characteristics of good mechanical property, good gas barrier property, lower density, good corrosion resistance and the like. In addition, in a conventional PEMFC, the flow field and the electrode plate may be integrated or separated.
At present, the research and application of bipolar plates mainly focus on metal material bipolar plates, graphite material bipolar plates and composite material bipolar plates. The bipolar plates made of the three materials have the advantages and the disadvantages as follows: the metal material bipolar plate has high mechanical strength, good conductivity and impermeability, but poor corrosion resistance; the graphite bipolar plate has good conductivity and corrosion resistance, but low strength and air holes; the composite material bipolar plate has large one-time investment in the early stage and needs to be selected between the conductivity and the strength.
Wherein the composite bipolar plate comprises a carbon fiber bipolar plate. The existing carbon fiber bipolar plate mainly comprises the following two preparation technologies: the first technology is to mix the carbon fiber cloth and resin in advance, and to prepare the fuel cell bipolar plate meeting certain conditions by machining and carving the bipolar plate. The second technique is to compound graphite powder, phenolic resin powder and milled carbon fiber to form milled carbon fiber reinforced phenolic resin/graphite bipolarA plate; wherein the particle size of the ground carbon fiber is 100-400 meshes, the particle size of the phenolic resin powder is 200 meshes or more, and the particle size of the graphite powder is 80-200 meshes. The material formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: grinding carbon fibers to 1-12%; 12 to 23 percent of phenolic resin powder; 65 to 87 percent of graphite powder. The composite material prepared from the components in proportion has the following properties: the bending strength is 50 to 68MPa, the conductivity is 157 to 209s/cm, and the density is 1.79 to 1.88g/cm3。
However, the inventors of the present invention have found that the carbon fiber bipolar plate manufactured by the above prior art has at least the following technical problems:
(1) with regard to the first technique, the layers of carbon fibers are directly bonded with each other through resin, which results in poor electrical conductivity between the layers, thereby affecting the electrical conductivity of the bipolar plate;
(2) for the second technique, the strength of the bipolar plate material prepared by using a plurality of carbon materials and adding resin as a binder can only meet basic requirements, but the mechanical properties of the carbon fibers are damaged in the processing process, and the advantages of the carbon fiber material as the bipolar plate are lost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a bipolar plate, a method for manufacturing the same, and a fuel cell, and mainly aims to enhance the strength of the bipolar plate while ensuring the electrical conductivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention mainly provides the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a bipolar plate, wherein the bipolar plate includes:
a multi-layer carbon fiber structure;
the two adjacent carbon fiber structures are connected through the adhesive layer;
the adhesive layer comprises conductive materials and adhesive resin, and the mass ratio of the conductive materials to the adhesive resin is (1-3): 50.
Preferably, the carbon fiber structure is carbon fiber cloth woven by carbon fiber yarns;
preferably, the thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.14-0.22 mm, and preferably 0.18-0.20 mm;
preferably, the density of the carbon fiber yarn is 1.75-1.85 g/cm3Preferably 1.78 to 1.82g/cm3；
Preferably, the diameter of the carbon fiber filament is 6.5-7.5 μm, preferably 6.8-7.2 μm;
preferably, the resistance of the carbon fiber yarn is less than or equal to 33 omega/m.
Preferably, the bipolar plate comprises a 3-6-layer carbon fiber structure.
Preferably, the carbon fiber structure is a polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber structure.
Preferably, the bipolar plate is provided with an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel (wherein the flow channels are processed on a carbon fiber plate which is manufactured by mixing a carbon fiber structure with resin and conductive materials, the three flow channels relate to flow channels of a fuel cell water plant, a hydrogen field and an air field and provide flow channels of reaction gas and cooling water, and the bipolar plate flow channel adopts a machining mode to polish and pretreat the processed flow channels and remove carbon fiber wires in the flow channels, so that the flow channels are smooth, and the flow of gas and water is prevented from being influenced).
Preferably, the conductive material is doped in the adhesive resin, so that the conductive material and the adhesive resin form the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material; preferably, the adhesive layer is composed of an adhesive resin doped with a conductive material; preferably, in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material is 28-35%, and preferably 31-33%. Preferably, in the adhesive resin doped with a conductive material: the mass fraction of the conductive material is 2.0-2.6%, preferably 2.2-2.4%.
Preferably, the conductive material is a corrosion-resistant conductive material; preferably, the conductive material is graphene.
Preferably, the adhesive resin is phenolic resin.
Preferably, the bending strength of the bipolar plate is more than or equal to 100Mpa, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 200Mpa, and the resistivity is less than or equal to 100 mu omega m; the bipolar plate has no leakage after a set time under the condition of keeping a set pressure (the leakage is an air tightness test, the air tightness test is that the bipolar plate with a manufactured and carved flow channel is placed in a clamp, gas is introduced into an inlet of the flow channel, an outlet is sealed, the flow of the introduced gas is observed to detect the air tightness, the test is that the set pressure is 0.4-0.6 Mpa, the air tightness is qualified when the flow of a flow meter is observed to be zero about 4-6 min, and the air tightness is unqualified when the flow is larger than zero); preferably, the set pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa, and preferably, the set time is 4-6 min.
On the other hand, the preparation method of the bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a carbon fiber structure;
and (3) preparing a binder: conducting premixing and dispersing treatment on the conducting material and the binding resin to obtain the binding resin doped with the conducting material;
a laminating step: sequentially stacking a plurality of layers of carbon fiber structures in a mold, and coating a bonding agent on the carbon fiber structures in the stacking process so as to connect two adjacent layers of carbon fiber structures through bonding resin doped with a conductive material;
and (3) a pressurizing and curing step: pressurizing and curing the sequentially laminated and connected multilayer carbon fiber structures obtained in the laminating step to obtain a carbon fiber precast slab;
and a post-treatment step, namely performing post-treatment on the carbon fiber prefabricated plate to obtain the bipolar plate.
Preferably, in the press curing step: the curing temperature is 210-230 ℃, preferably 215-225 ℃; the curing time is 50-70 min, preferably 55-65 min. Preferably, the pressure for curing is 50. + -.1 KPa.
Preferably, the post-processing step comprises: and polishing the surface of the carbon fiber precast slab, and processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab.
Preferably, after the post-treatment step, the method further comprises a step of testing the physical properties and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Preferably, in the step of fabricating a carbon fiber structure: weaving carbon fiber yarns into a carbon fiber structure; wherein, the carbon fiber structure is carbon fiber cloth.
In still another aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell includes the bipolar plate described in any one of the above or the bipolar plate manufactured by the method described in any one of claims 7 to 9.
Compared with the prior art, the bipolar plate, the preparation method thereof and the fuel cell have the following beneficial effects:
the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of layers of carbon fiber structures, wherein any two layers of carbon fiber structures are connected through a bonding agent layer; the adhesive layer comprises a conductive material and adhesive resin, and the mass ratio of the conductive material to the adhesive resin is (1-3): 50; through the arrangement, the carbon fiber structure can enhance the strength of the bipolar plate, the conductive material in the adhesive layer can ensure the conductivity of the bipolar plate, the adhesive resin is used for realizing the connection between the carbon fiber structure layers, the mass ratio of the conductive material to the adhesive resin is (1-3): 50, and the air tightness of the bipolar plate can be ensured. Therefore, the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention can enhance the strength of the bipolar plate on the basis of ensuring the conductivity and air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Further, the bonding layer in the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention is composed of bonding resin doped with conductive materials; thus, the conductive material and the adhesive resin are uniformly mixed, and the conductivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate are improved. Particularly, when the mass fraction of the conductive material-doped adhesive resin in the bipolar plate is 28 to 35%, preferably 31 to 33%, and more preferably 32%, and in the conductive material-doped adhesive resin: when the mass fraction of the conductive material is 2.0-2.6%, preferably 2.2-2.4%, and more preferably 2.3%, the bipolar plate has high strength and excellent conductivity, and the gas tightness of the bipolar plate is good.
Furthermore, each layer of carbon fiber structure in the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention is carbon fiber cloth woven by polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber yarns, so that the strength of the bipolar plate can be well enhanced.
Furthermore, the conductive material in the bonding layer of the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention is graphene, so that the conductive material is favorably dispersed in the bonding resin according to the characteristics of the graphene, and the conductivity of the bipolar plate can be ensured in a critical way. And the adhesive resin is phenolic resin, so that the adhesive effect is improved, the adhesive resin can be well mixed with graphene, and the airtightness of the bipolar plate is favorably ensured.
In summary, the bending strength of the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention is not less than 100Mpa, the compressive strength is not less than 200Mpa, the resistivity is not more than 100 μ Ω m, and the bipolar plate is free from leakage after being maintained under the condition of 0.5Mpa pressure for 5 min. Therefore, the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention can enhance the strength of the bipolar plate on the basis of ensuring the conductivity and air tightness of the bipolar plate.
In addition, regarding the bipolar plate, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method, and the preparation method can be obtained by connecting the multilayer carbon fiber structures through the bonding resin doped with the conductive material, and then performing the steps of pressurizing, curing, polishing, processing the flow channel and detecting the performance. Therefore, the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention has good performance and simple preparation steps.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fuel cell, where the fuel cell includes the bipolar plate, and therefore, the fuel cell provided in the embodiment of the present invention has any one of the above beneficial effects, which is not repeated herein.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a bipolar plate manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined object, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a bipolar plate, which is shown in fig. 1 and specifically includes the following steps:
s1: step of manufacturing carbon fiber structure
Here, the carbon fiber structure in the present embodiment is a carbon fiber cloth.
Preferably, the step is to weave the carbon fiber yarns into the carbon fiber cloth with corresponding size. Preferably, the thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.14 to 0.22mm, preferably 0.18 to 0.20 mm. Preferably, in this step, the carbon fiber filaments are polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber filaments; preferably, the density of the carbon fiber filaments is 1.75 to 1.85g/cm3Preferably 1.78 to 1.82g/cm3More preferably 1.80g/cm3. Preferably, the diameter of the carbon fiber filament is 6.5 to 7.5 μm, preferably 6.8 to 7.2 μm, and more preferably 7 μm. Preferably, the resistance of the carbon fiber filament is less than or equal to 33 omega/m.
S2: step of making Binder
The method comprises the following steps: conducting premix on the conducting material and the bonding resin, and then conducting dispersion treatment through a three-roller machine, so that the conducting material and the bonding resin are uniformly mixed, and the obtained bonding resin doped with the conducting material is used as a bonding agent.
Preferably, in the step, the conductive material is graphene (graphene has good conductivity and excellent corrosion resistance in key); the adhesive resin is phenolic resin.
S3: laminating step
The method comprises the steps of sequentially stacking and placing a plurality of layers of carbon fiber structures in a mold, and coating an adhesive on the carbon fiber structures in the stacking and placing process so that the adjacent two layers of carbon fiber structures are connected through the adhesive layer (specifically, placing woven carbon fiber cloth in the mold, wherein each layer of carbon fiber cloth is placed, and a layer of adhesive resin doped with a conductive material is coated on the carbon fiber cloth so that the carbon fiber cloth is connected through the adhesive resin).
S4: pressure curing step (also called hot pressure curing step)
And pressurizing and curing the sequentially laminated and connected multilayer carbon fiber structures obtained in the laminating step to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab.
Wherein, in the press-curing step: the curing temperature is 210-230 ℃, preferably 215-225 ℃, and further preferably 220 ℃; the curing time is 50-70 min, preferably 55-65 min, and more preferably 60 min.
S5: and a post-treatment step, namely performing post-treatment on the carbon fiber prefabricated plate to obtain the bipolar plate.
In the step, the carbon fiber precast slab is subjected to surface polishing, and then an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel are engraved on the surface by adopting a CNC (computerized numerical control) process. The carbon fiber precast slab is polished and formed and processed according to the shapes and sizes of an air field, a hydrogen field and a water field of the designed fuel cell.
S6: and testing the physical properties of the bipolar plate, including size, bending strength, compression strength, resistivity and the like.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a bipolar plate, and preferably, the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention is prepared by the method. Specifically, the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a bipolar plate body; a multi-layer carbon fiber structure (here, a carbon fiber structure is a carbon fiber cloth woven from carbon fiber filaments) and a binder layer; wherein any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber structures are connected through an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer comprises an adhesive resin doped with a conductive material (preferably, the adhesive layer comprises the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material), and the mass ratio of the conductive material to the adhesive resin is (1-3): 50.
Here, it should be noted that: if the binder resin content of the binder layer is too high, the electrical conductivity of the bipolar plate is lowered, and if the binder resin content is too low, the bipolar plate may be subject to gas leakage (i.e., the gas-ether properties of the bipolar plate are not good). In the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the conductive material (preferably, the conductive material is graphene material) to the adhesive resin (preferably, the adhesive resin is phenolic resin) in the adhesive layer is controlled to be (1-3): 50, so that the conductivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate can be ensured at the same time. Further preferably, the inventors of the present invention have studied, based on the structure of the bipolar plate and the material properties of the adhesive layer, the following: in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the conductive material doped adhesive resin is 28-35%, preferably 31-33%, and more preferably 32%, and in the conductive material doped adhesive resin: when the mass fraction of the conductive material is 2.0-2.6%, preferably 2.2-2.4%, and more preferably 2.3%, the bipolar plate has high strength and excellent conductivity, and the gas tightness of the bipolar plate is good.
Preferably, the bipolar plate comprises 3-6 layers of carbon fiber structure. Preferably, the bipolar plate is provided with an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel.
The bending strength of the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention is more than or equal to 100Mpa, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 200Mpa, and the resistivity is less than or equal to 100 mu omega m; maintaining the pressure at 0.5MPa for 5min without leakage.
The following are further detailed by specific experimental examples as follows:
example 1
The bipolar plate prepared in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
1) and weaving the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber into the carbon fiber cloth. Wherein the density of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is 1.80g/cm3The diameter is 7 mu m, and the resistance is less than or equal to 33 omega/m. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.18 mm.
2) The graphene and phenolic resin premix is dispersed by a three-roll machine, so that the graphene and the phenolic resin are uniformly mixed to obtain the binder (namely, the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material). Wherein, in the binder, the mass fraction of the graphene is 2.3%
3) Placing 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth in a mold; in the process of placing the carbon fiber cloth, the carbon fiber cloth placed on the previous layer needs to be coated with the binder, so that any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber cloth are connected through the binder.
4) And (3) pressurizing and curing the 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth sequentially connected in a laminated manner, so as to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab. Wherein the heating temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 60 min; the curing pressure was 50 KPa.
5) And processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab to obtain the bipolar plate. Wherein, in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the binder (i.e., the mass fraction of the binder resin doped with the conductive material) is 32%.
6) And testing the bending strength, the compressive strength, the resistivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Example 2
The bipolar plate prepared in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
1) and weaving the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber into the carbon fiber cloth. Wherein the density of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is 1.80g/cm3The diameter is 7 mu m, and the resistance is less than or equal to 33 omega/m. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.18 mm.
2) The graphene and phenolic resin premix is dispersed by a three-roll machine, so that the graphene and the phenolic resin are uniformly mixed to obtain the binder (namely, the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material). Wherein, in the binder, the mass fraction of the graphene is 2.3%
3) Placing 3 layers of carbon fiber cloth in a mold; in the process of placing the carbon fiber cloth, the carbon fiber cloth placed on the previous layer needs to be coated with the binder, so that any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber cloth are connected through the binder.
4) And 3) pressurizing and curing the sequentially laminated and connected 3 layers of carbon fiber cloth obtained in the step 3) to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab. Wherein the heating temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 60 min; the curing pressure was 50 KPa.
5) And processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab to obtain the bipolar plate. Wherein, in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the binder (i.e., the mass fraction of the binder resin doped with the conductive material) is 32%.
6) And testing the bending strength, the compressive strength, the resistivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Example 3
The bipolar plate prepared in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
1) and weaving the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber into the carbon fiber cloth. Wherein the density of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is 1.80g/cm3The diameter is 7 mu m, and the resistance is less than or equal to 33 omega/m. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.18 mm.
2) The graphene and phenolic resin premix is dispersed by a three-roll machine, so that the graphene and the phenolic resin are uniformly mixed to obtain the binder (namely, the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material). Wherein, in the binder, the mass fraction of the graphene is 2.3%
3) Placing 6 layers of carbon fiber cloth in a mold; in the process of placing the carbon fiber cloth, the carbon fiber cloth placed on the previous layer needs to be coated with the binder, so that any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber cloth are connected through the binder.
4) And (3) pressurizing and curing the 6 layers of carbon fiber cloth sequentially connected in a laminated manner, so as to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab. Wherein the heating temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 60 min; the curing pressure was 50 KPa.
5) And processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab to obtain the bipolar plate. Wherein, in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the binder (i.e., the mass fraction of the binder resin doped with the conductive material) is 32%.
6) And testing the bending strength, the compressive strength, the resistivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Example 4
The bipolar plate prepared in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
1) and weaving the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber into the carbon fiber cloth. Wherein the density of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is 1.80g/cm3The diameter is 7 mu m, and the resistance is less than or equal to 33 omega/m. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.18 mm.
2) The graphene and phenolic resin premix is dispersed by a three-roll machine, so that the graphene and the phenolic resin are uniformly mixed to obtain the binder (namely, the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material). Wherein, in the binder, the mass fraction of the graphene is 2.0 percent
3) Placing 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth in a mold; in the process of placing the carbon fiber cloth, the carbon fiber cloth placed on the previous layer needs to be coated with the binder, so that any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber cloth are connected through the binder.
4) And (3) pressurizing and curing the 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth sequentially connected in a laminated manner, so as to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab. Wherein the heating temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 60 min; the curing pressure was 50 KPa.
5) And processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab to obtain the bipolar plate. Wherein, in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the binder (i.e., the mass fraction of the binder resin doped with the conductive material) is 32%.
6) And testing the bending strength, the compressive strength, the resistivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Example 5
The bipolar plate prepared in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
1) and weaving the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber into the carbon fiber cloth. Wherein the density of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is 1.80g/cm3The diameter is 7 mu m, and the resistance is less than or equal to 33 omega/m. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.18 mm.
2) The graphene and phenolic resin premix is dispersed by a three-roll machine, so that the graphene and the phenolic resin are uniformly mixed to obtain the binder (namely, the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material). Wherein, in the binder, the mass fraction of the graphene is 6.0 percent
3) Placing 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth in a mold; in the process of placing the carbon fiber cloth, the carbon fiber cloth placed on the previous layer needs to be coated with the binder, so that any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber cloth are connected through the binder.
4) And (3) pressurizing and curing the 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth sequentially connected in a laminated manner, so as to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab. Wherein the heating temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 60 min; the curing pressure was 50 KPa.
5) And processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab to obtain the bipolar plate. Wherein, in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the binder (i.e., the mass fraction of the binder resin doped with the conductive material) is 32%.
6) And testing the bending strength, the compressive strength, the resistivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Example 6
The bipolar plate prepared in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
1) and weaving the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber into the carbon fiber cloth. Wherein the density of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is 1.80g/cm3The diameter is 7 mu m, and the resistance is less than or equal to 33 omega/m. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.18 mm.
2) The graphene and phenolic resin premix is dispersed by a three-roll machine, so that the graphene and the phenolic resin are uniformly mixed to obtain the binder (namely, the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material). Wherein, in the binder, the mass fraction of the graphene is 2.3%
3) Placing 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth in a mold; in the process of placing the carbon fiber cloth, the carbon fiber cloth placed on the previous layer needs to be coated with the binder, so that any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber cloth are connected through the binder.
4) And (3) pressurizing and curing the 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth sequentially connected in a laminated manner, so as to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab. Wherein the heating temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 60 min; the curing pressure was 50 KPa.
5) And processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab to obtain the bipolar plate. Wherein the mass fraction of the binder (i.e., the mass fraction of the binder resin doped with the conductive material) in the bipolar plate is 28%.
6) And testing the bending strength, the compressive strength, the resistivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Example 7
The bipolar plate prepared in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
1) and weaving the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber into the carbon fiber cloth. Wherein the density of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is 1.80g/cm3The diameter is 7 mu m, and the resistance is less than or equal to 33 omega/m. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.18 mm.
2) The graphene and phenolic resin premix is dispersed by a three-roll machine, so that the graphene and the phenolic resin are uniformly mixed to obtain the binder (namely, the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material). Wherein, in the binder, the mass fraction of the graphene is 2.3%
3) Placing 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth in a mold; in the process of placing the carbon fiber cloth, the carbon fiber cloth placed on the previous layer needs to be coated with the binder, so that any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber cloth are connected through the binder.
4) And (3) pressurizing and curing the 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth sequentially connected in a laminated manner, so as to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab. Wherein the heating temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 60 min; the curing pressure was 50 KPa.
5) And processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab to obtain the bipolar plate. Wherein the mass fraction of the binder (i.e., the mass fraction of the binder resin doped with the conductive material) in the bipolar plate is 35%.
6) And testing the bending strength, the compressive strength, the resistivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 a bipolar plate was prepared, specifically by the following steps:
1) and weaving the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber into the carbon fiber cloth. Wherein the density of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is 1.80g/cm3The diameter is 7 mu m, and the resistance is less than or equal to 33 omega/m. The thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.18 mm.
2) Placing 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth in a mold; in the process of placing the carbon fiber cloth, phenolic resin is brushed on the carbon fiber cloth placed on the previous layer, so that any two adjacent layers of carbon fiber cloth are connected through the phenolic resin.
3) And (3) pressurizing and curing the 5 layers of carbon fiber cloth sequentially connected in a laminated manner obtained in the step 2) to obtain the carbon fiber precast slab. Wherein the heating temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 60 min; the curing pressure was 50 KPa.
4) And processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab to obtain the bipolar plate. Wherein, in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the phenol resin (i.e., the mass fraction of the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material) is 32%.
5) And testing the bending strength, the compressive strength, the resistivity and the air tightness of the bipolar plate.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 a carbon fiber bipolar plate was manufactured using the second scheme mentioned in the background. Specifically, graphite powder, phenolic resin powder and milled carbon fibers are compounded to form a milled carbon fiber reinforced phenolic resin/graphite bipolar plate; wherein the particle size of the ground carbon fiber is 300 meshes, the particle size of the phenolic resin powder is 250 meshes, and the particle size of the graphite powder is 100 meshes. The material formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: grinding carbon fiber to 10%; 18% of phenolic resin powder; 70% of graphite powder.
The results of the flexural strength, compressive strength, resistivity and gas tightness tests of the bipolar plates prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002341508620000141
As can be seen from table 1: compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, the bipolar plates prepared in the examples of the present invention are excellent in electrical conductivity, gas tightness and strength.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A bipolar plate, comprising:
a multi-layer carbon fiber structure;
the two adjacent carbon fiber structures are connected through the adhesive layer;
the adhesive layer comprises conductive materials and adhesive resin, and the mass ratio of the conductive materials to the adhesive resin is (1-3): 50.
2. The bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber structure is a carbon fiber cloth woven from carbon fiber filaments;
preferably, the thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.14-0.22 mm, and preferably 0.18-0.20 mm;
preferably, the density of the carbon fiber yarn is 1.75-1.85 g/cm3Preferably 1.78 to 1.82g/cm3；
Preferably, the diameter of the carbon fiber filament is 6.5-7.5 μm, preferably 6.8-7.2 μm;
preferably, the resistance of the carbon fiber yarn is less than or equal to 33 omega/m.
3. The bipolar plate of claim 1 or 2, wherein the bipolar plate comprises 3-6 layers of carbon fiber structure; and/or
The carbon fiber structure is a polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber structure; and/or
The bipolar plate is provided with an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel.
4. A bipolar plate as in any one of claims 1 to 3,
the conductive material is doped in the adhesive resin, so that the conductive material and the adhesive resin form the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material;
preferably, the adhesive layer is composed of an adhesive resin doped with a conductive material;
preferably, in the bipolar plate, the mass fraction of the adhesive resin doped with the conductive material is 28-35%, and preferably 31-33%;
preferably, in the adhesive resin doped with a conductive material: the mass fraction of the conductive material is 2.0-2.6%, preferably 2.2-2.4%.
5. A bipolar plate as in any one of claims 1 to 4,
the conductive material is graphene; and/or
The adhesive resin is phenolic resin.
6. The bipolar plate of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bending strength of the bipolar plate is equal to or greater than 100MPa, the compressive strength is equal to or greater than 200MPa, and the electrical resistivity is equal to or less than 100 μ Ω m; and/or
The bipolar plate meets the requirement of air tightness test; wherein the testing pressure of the air tightness test is 0.4-0.6 Mpa, and the testing time is 4-6 min.
7. A method of manufacturing a bipolar plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
manufacturing a carbon fiber structure;
and (3) preparing a binder: conducting premixing and dispersing treatment on the conducting material and the binding resin to obtain the binding resin doped with the conducting material;
a laminating step: sequentially stacking a plurality of layers of carbon fiber structures in a mold, and coating a bonding agent on the carbon fiber structures in the stacking process so as to connect two adjacent layers of carbon fiber structures through bonding resin doped with a conductive material;
and (3) a pressurizing and curing step: pressurizing and curing the sequentially laminated and connected multilayer carbon fiber structures obtained in the laminating step to obtain a carbon fiber precast slab;
and a post-treatment step, namely performing post-treatment on the carbon fiber prefabricated plate to obtain the bipolar plate.
8. The method of manufacturing a bipolar plate as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the press-curing step: the curing temperature is 210-230 ℃, preferably 215-225 ℃; the curing time is 50-70 min, preferably 55-65 min; preferably, the pressure for curing is 50. + -.1 KPa.
9. The method of manufacturing a bipolar plate as claimed in claim 7,
the post-processing step comprises: polishing the surface of the carbon fiber precast slab, and processing an air flow channel, a cooling flow channel and a hydrogen flow channel on the carbon fiber precast slab; and/or
After the post-treatment step, the method also comprises a step of testing the physical performance and the air tightness of the bipolar plate; and/or
In the step of fabricating the carbon fiber structure: weaving carbon fiber yarns into a carbon fiber structure; wherein, the carbon fiber structure is carbon fiber cloth.
10. A fuel cell comprising the bipolar plate of any one of claims 1 to 6 or the bipolar plate produced by the method of any one of claims 7 to 9.
CN201911377900.7A 2019-12-27 2019-12-27 Bipolar plate, preparation method thereof and fuel cell Pending CN111048800A (en)

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